作業7社會服務類記敘文2025高考英語大二輪考前必背四選一閱讀作業7社會服務類記敘文(分值：30分)(每小題2.5分，滿分30分)A(2021·北京)Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemester(學期)projectofvolunteeringata①non-profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp，mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC)．MyfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind.Then，anOIC②representativegaveussomedetails，whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsomeresearch，Ibelievedthatwecouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite，IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair(絕望)andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible，andmakethemintokits—onekit，onechild.Themost③rewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday，whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectingtheitemsfinallycametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected，ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths，IhadneverimaginedhowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits，IrealizedthatIhadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit.IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswerecompleted，andreadytobesentoverseas，thewarmfeelingIhadwasoneIwouldneverforget.Inthebeginning，Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten.Withourefforts，tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者在網站上看到伊拉克兒童的面孔后感受到了他們的絕望和需求。于是，作者和其他志愿者決定為伊拉克兒童盡可能多地收集學習用品，這使得十名伊拉克兒童得以繼續接受教育。1．HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning?A．Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.B．Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas.C．Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.D．Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.答案D解析細節理解題。根據第一段中的“mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC)”和本段尾句“Myfirstimpression...Ihadinmind.”可知，作者一開始認為該組織與心中的期望不符，故D項正確。2．Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?A．ImagesofIraqichildren.B．Researchbyhis/herclassmates.C．Ateacher’sintroduction.D．Arepresentative’scomments.答案A解析細節理解題。根據第二段第四句“Theirfaceswereso...withouthesitation.”可知，伊拉克兒童的面孔有力地傳達了他們的絕望和需要，所以作者毫不猶豫地加入了這個項目。據此可知，伊拉克兒童的形象是作者改變對這一項目的態度的主要原因，故A項正確。3．Theauthor’sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento________.A．becomeOICvolunteersB．furthertheireducationC．studyinforeigncountriesD．influenceotherchildren答案B解析細節理解題。根據本文尾句“Withourefforts...furthertheireducation.”可知，在作者和其他志愿者的努力下，十名伊拉克兒童得以繼續接受教育，故B項正確。4．Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A．One’spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.B．Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Hewhohesitatesislost.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據第一段尾句“Myfirstimpression...inmind.”可知，作者對伊拉克兒童行動組織的第一印象并不好，認為該組織與自己的期望不符；根據第二段第四句“Theirfaceswere...withouthesitation.”可知，當看到伊拉克兒童的面孔有力地傳達了他們的絕望和需要時，作者決定加入這一組織；再根據尾段可知，通過加入這一組織，作者影響了十名伊拉克兒童。據此可以推知，第一印象并不可信。故B項正確。語境猜詞①non-profit(派)＝non＋profit____________②representative(派)＝represent＋ative_____________________③rewarding(派)＝reward＋ing______________________B(2024·廣東韶關二模)Fornearlytwodecades，athin，①sun-burnt②postalworkercouldfrequentlybeseencarryingpackagesalongadangerousmountaintrailintheTaihangMountains.The10-kilometer-longroute，whichisbetween20centimetersand1meterwide，isknownasthe“catroad”bylocals，meaningthatitissodangerousthatonlycatscouldwalkonit.③Whereas，ZhaoYuefang，apostalworkerinEwuTownshipinHuguanCounty，ShanxiProvince，hadtowalktherouteeverydaytodelivermail.Everydayatthecrackofdawn，hewouldstarthisjourneyalongthe“catroad”．Frompickinguptheday’sposttodeliveringittovillagersandreturningalongthesameroute，ittookZhaofourdays.Duringrainyandsnowyseasons，themountainroad，partofwhichhugsthecliffs，wouldbecomeslipperyanddangerous.Onedayinthewinterof2003，the“catroad”wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.Fortunately，hewasabletostophissharpdescentbygrabbingatreebranchandslowlymanagedtoclimbtosafety.By2012，Zhaohadwalkedmorethan300,000kmanddeliveredover800,000piecesofmail.Bornandraisedinthedeepmountains，Zhaotrulyunderstandsthesignificanceofmaildeliveriestovillagers.“Theydependonthemailtokeepintouchwiththeoutsideworld，”hesaid.“Theirsheerjoywrittenontheirfacewhilereceivinganypoststruckme，”headded.In2012，a67-km-longtouristhighwaywasbuiltandgonewerethosedayswhenZhaoriskedhislifetowalkonthe“catroad”．ButZhaowasevenbusierthanbefore.“ThenumberofpackagesIhandledailynow④exceedsthenumberIusedtodealwithinthepast，”saidZhao，addingthatvillagersareturningtoonlineshoppingandorderingmoreandmoregoodsbypost.語篇解讀本文是記敘文。文章講述了一位名叫趙月芳的郵政工作人員往返于太行山的危險山路上致力于郵件投遞的故事，通過描述他的工作經歷和所面臨的挑戰，展現了其堅持不懈和甘于奉獻的精神。5．Whyisthemountaintrailreferredtoas“catroad”？A．It’sshapedlikeacat.B．It’sintendedforcats.C．Itistoonarrowandrisky.D．⑤Itrainscatsanddogsthere.答案C解析細節理解題。根據第二段內容可知，這條路非常危險，只有貓才能在上面走，所以被稱為“貓路”。故選C。6．Whatdoestheword“descent”inparagraph3mean?A．Fall. B．Pain.C．Turn. D．Landing.答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據前文“Onedayinthewinterof2003，the‘catroad’wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.”再結合后文“grabbingatreebranch”可知，他滑下了小路，但是他抓住了一根樹枝，這應是阻止了急劇的下滑，可推知descent意為“下降”，和A項意思相近。故選A。7．Accordingtothepassage，whichwordscanbestdescribeZhao?A．Persistentanddedicated.B．Diligentandambitious.C．Considerateandconfident.D．Courageousandgenerous.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據第一、三段內容可知，趙月芳20年來一直往返于太行山一條被稱為“貓路”的危險山路上致力于投遞郵件，他堅持不懈、有奉獻精神，即使路途危險也不放棄。故選A。8．WhathasalwaysmotivatedZhao’senthusiasmforhisjob?A．Thevillagers’respectforhim.B．Hisbeingbornandraisedthere.C．Today’shugenumberofthepackages.D．Thevalueofthedeliveriestothelocals.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可知，他出生并成長于深山，真切理解郵件派送對于村民的重要性，所以郵件對于當地人的意義一直是他工作的動力。故選D。語境猜詞①sun-burnt(合)＝sun＋burnt____________②postal(派)＝post＋al__________________③whereas______________④exceed(派)＝ex＋ceed______________⑤Itrainscatsanddogs.(俚)_______________C(2024·四川攀枝花二模)Inspring2015，after39yearswithColumbiaPictures，Iretiredandfoundmyselfwithlotsoffreetimetospare.Idecidedtousethattimetovolunteer.Whiletutoringwiththeadultliteracyprogramatmylocallibrary，anadvertising①flyerforaneighborhoodgroupcalledWestchesterVillagescaughtmyeye.Itsmainjobisaboutmatching②agingneighborswithlocalvolunteerswhohelptheminanumberofdifferentways:Makingshortvisits，beingawalkingpartner，ordrivingtodoctors’appointmentsandthelike.Iamhappytooffermyselfasaresponsiblepersonandacomforttosomeonewhoisnervousabouttheirappointmentandconcernedaboutgettingtheresafelyontime.I’musuallyavailabletostaywiththepersonI’mdrivingduringtheirvisitandaccompanythembacktomycarfortheridehome.Thesedrivesalsocanbeidealtimesforrelaxingconversation.I’vehadmanydiscussionswiththem，discoveredmanycommoninterests，andheardnumerousextendedstoriesofpasttravelsandfamilyhistories.Ioftenbeginridesbycomfortinganervousneighborbycalmlysaying，“Iknowwherewe’regoing，themostdirectroute，andthebestplacetopark.You’reingoodhandswithme.”Thesedrivingexperiencesalsohaveaffordedmeopportunitiesforreflection.I’vecometofeelunitedwiththeneighborsIhavecometoknow，andamoreeagerawarenessoftheagingprocessweallshare.Inlivingthroughsomuchtimewiththem，IrealizeI’mgoingthroughthesamestages.Afinalirony(諷刺)forthismovieloveristhatInolongerneedtogotoa③darkenedtheatreandgazeatabigscreeninsearchofhighdrama.Whetherit’saWorldWarⅡ-erafamilystoryoranxietyaboutcurrenteventsorgoodnewsfromadoctor，Iexperienceallfromadefinitelyfrontrowseat.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為志愿者幫助老人的經歷，這讓他找到了一種新的生活體驗方式。9．Whatdidtheauthordecidetododuringhisfreetime?A．Workasalibrarian.B．Giveridesforelderlypeople.C．Makingshortvisitstosickpeople.D．Playmatcheswithagingneighbors.答案B解析細節理解題。根據第三段可知，作者退休后決定在他的空閑時間給年邁的鄰居提供免費搭車服務。故選B。10．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Creativeandcompetent.B．Talentedandwarm-hearted.C．Devotedandconsiderate.D．Ambitiousandhard-working.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，作者在退休后致力于給年邁的鄰居提供免費搭車服務。第四段前兩句提到：有我在，你會得到很好的照顧。由此可知，作者是全身心投入到志愿者工作中，同時對老人非常體貼。故選C。11．Whatmighttheauthor’sdrivingexperiencesremindhimof?A．Hisownagingprocess.B．Adriver’sresponsibility.C．Thevalueofconversations.D．Passengers’wordsofcomfort.答案A解析細節理解題。根據第四段最后三句“I’vecometofeel...Inlivingthroughsomuchtimewiththem，IrealizeI’mgoingthroughthesamestages.”可知，作者的這段給年邁鄰居提供免費搭車服務的經歷讓他想到自己的衰老過程。故選A。12．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theauthorhasbeenanxiousabouthishealth.B．Theauthorhasnointerestindramasanymore.C．Theauthorpreferswatchingmoviesfromafrontrow.D．Theauthorhasfoundanewwayofexperiencinglife.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Afinalirony(諷刺)forthismovieloveristhat...Iexperienceallfromadefinitelyfrontrowseat.”可知，作者通過傾聽發生在客人身上的故事，找到一種新的體驗生活的方式。故選D。語境猜詞①flyer(派)＝fly＋er________②aging(派)＝age＋ing________________③darkened(派)＝dark＋en＋ed________語境猜詞答案A．①非營利的②代表③值得做的，有意義的B．①曬黑的②郵政的，郵遞的③但是，然而④超過，超出⑤下傾盆大雨。C．①傳單②變老的，變舊的③變黑的，漆黑的，沒有燈光的作業8環境保護類記敘文(分值：30分)(每小題2.5分，滿分30分)A(2023·新課標Ⅰ)WhenJohnToddwasachild，helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse，observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder，Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture，medicine，and①fisheriesincollege，Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneat②cancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants，hefigured，maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥)．First，heconstructedaseriesofclear③fiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle，thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirown④ecosystem.Afterafewweeks，Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopeda⑤greenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor，”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了約翰·托德從小就很愛思考且好學，他建造了一個生態機器，利用自然可以自我修復的原理來凈化污水。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasfondoftraveling.B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind.D．Helongedtobeadoctor.答案C解析細節理解題。根據第一段可知，當約翰·托德還是個孩子的時候，他喜歡探索他家周圍的樹林，觀察大自然是如何解決問題的。長大后，約翰開始思考這個過程是否可以用來清理人們制造的混亂。根據第二段可知，在大學學習了農業、醫學和漁業之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問題的生活中。由此可知，約翰聰穎好學、好奇心很強。故選C。2．WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A．Tofeedtheanimals.B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants.D．Totesttheeco-machine.答案D解析細節理解題。根據第三段最后一句“Afterafewweeks，Johnaddedthesludge.”以及第四段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.”可知，約翰把污泥放進罐子里是為了測試生態機器。故選D。3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C．TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Overtheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina.”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示關于約翰想法的一項實際應用。故選B。4．WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A．Naturecanrepairitself.B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse.D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據第一段及最后一段中的“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”可知，約翰工作的基礎是大自然可以自我修復。故選A。語境猜詞①fishery(派)＝fish＋ery________________________②cancer-causing(合)＝cancer＋causing__________③fiberglass(合)＝fiber＋glass________________________④ecosystem(派)＝eco＋system____________⑤greenhouse-like(合)＝greenhouse＋like____________________B(2024·山東臨沂高三一模)WatfordandherfamilyhavelivedinCurtisBay，Baltimoreforgenerations.Hercommunityhasfacedenvironmental①injustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult，herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation’slargesttrash-burningincinerator(焚化爐)lessthanamileawayfromherhighschool，sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean，②renewableenergyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceof③brain-damagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontonsofgreenhousegasesperyear，bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhercommunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.Sheco-foundedFreeYourVoice(FYV)，a10-personstudentorganizationdevotedtocommunityrightsandsocialjustice.Together，theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers，theincinerator’sdeveloper.Theywent④door-to-doortalkingtoneighborsandorganizingprotests.WhenitwasdiscoveredthatBaltimoreCityPublicSchools(BCPS)wasgoingtobeacustomerofEnergyAnswers，theorganizationfoughtwiththeboardandpresentedtheircase，urgingBCPStowithdrawfromtheproject.BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract，whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutanyfinancialgain，EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.WatfordcontinuestoworkwithCurtisBayresidentstowardfairdevelopment.Theyhaveavisionforthefuturewhichincludesbuildingazero-wastemovement，asolarfarm，andgreenjobs.Shewantstheentirehumanfamilytojointhefightforenvironmentaljusticebecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourabilitytotakeaction.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了惡劣的環境導致Watford所在社區的居民出現健康問題，Watford和另外9名學生成立FreeYourVoice組織，發起反對建立垃圾焚化爐的運動，最終迫使該項目被叫停。5．WhatcausedrespiratoryproblemsinWatford’scommunity?A．Poormedicalcare.B．Terribleenvironmentalconditions.C．Constantbacterialinfection.D．Unbalanceddistributionofresources.答案B解析細節理解題。根據第一段中“Hercommunityhasfacedenvironmentalinjustice.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveinhercommunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.”可知，惡劣的環境條件導致Watford所在社區的居民出現呼吸問題，故選B。6．WhatisWatford’sattitudetobuildingtheincinerator?A．Unfavourable. B．Doubtful.C．Unclear. D．Indifferent.答案A解析觀點態度題。根據第二段末句“Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhercommunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.”可知，Watford反對建立垃圾焚化爐，故選A。7．Whatwastheresultoftheircampaign?A．BCPSlostfinancialsupport.B．EnergyAnswersstoppeditsplan.C．Theinvestorsfoundanewmarket.D．Manycustomersrevisedtheircontracts.答案B解析細節理解題。根據第四段最后兩句“BCPSwasconvincedto...tomoveforwardwithitsplan.”可知，Watford發起的運動迫使開發商EnergyAnswers停止了其計劃。故選B。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ATeenageHeroAgainstUrbanizationB．ATeenageHeroFightingforanAdvancedCityC．ABattleforBaltimore’sSkybyaTeenageHeroD．TheSocialJusticeChallengeforaTeenageHero答案C解析標題歸納題。根據全文內容可知，文章主要講述惡劣的環境導致Watford所在社區的居民出現健康問題，Watford和另外9名學生成立FreeYourVoice組織，發起反對建立垃圾焚化爐的運動，最終迫使該項目被叫停，故C項“少年英雄為巴爾的摩的天空而戰”為最佳標題，故選C。語境猜詞①injustice(派)＝in＋justice__________________②renewable(派)＝re＋new＋able__________________③brain-damaging(合)＝brain＋damaging__________________④door-to-door(合)＝door＋to＋door__________________C(2024·廣東江門一模)Acrosstheworld，humanspurchasearound1.3billion①single-useplasticwaterbottlesaday.Becauseonlyabout9%ofplasticisrecycled，thevastmajorityofthosebottles②windupinlandfills，theocean，orelsewhereinnature.Whenbeach-lovingMadisonnoticedthoseplasticbottlesduringherfamily’stripstoCalifornia，the12-year-oldgirl“justfeltthisneededtochange，”shetoldSmithsonianMagazine.Soasshebeganthinkingaboutwhattodoforherschoolsciencefairbackin2021，theideaofaprojectcenteredonreducingplasticpollutionquicklycametohermind:shewoulddesignan③eatablewaterbottlecalledtheEco-Hero.“Oneofmybiggestambitionsformyprojectwaswantingtohelptheworld，”theconfidentyounginventorsaidinavideoonthewebsite.Tobringherideatolife，Madisonbuiltuponthealreadyestablishedmethodbyexperimentingwithcommonfoodmaterials.Shealsotookinspirationfrompreviousversionsofeatablewaterbottles，thoughshefocusedonmakinghersbiggerandmoredurable.Shefoundthatthecombinationofwater，lemonjuice，naturalgum，andAlginicacid(褐藻酸)resultedinagelpouchthatwouldn’tbreak，couldholdupto3/4cupofwater，andwouldlastinthefridgeforthreeweeks.Thoughshe’dliketoimprovetheEco-Herobymakingitabletoholdmorewater，shebelieveshercurrentversionwouldworkwellasareplacementforthepapercupsusedbyrunnersinraces.Alloneneedstodoisbiteaholeinthewa