話題3健康的生活方式、積極的生活態(tài)度Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·山東青島市第一次適應性檢測)Londoncanbeanexpensivecitytovisitifyougounprepared.IfyougosightseeinginLondonforthefirsttime，itissuggestedinvestinginaLondonPass.TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeingcreditspackagethatgivesyouaccessto80＋attractionsinthecitywitharelativelylowercost.Formanyattractionsonthepass，there’snoneedtopre－book.However，somemayhavelimitedcapacity，soyou’llneedtobookinadvance.WhatdoyougetwithTheLondonPass?·Incrediblesavings.·Accesstomorethan80topLondonattractions.·Fastentryatselectedattractionsandsights.·90－daymoney－backguarantee.GotoTheLondonPassbookingpageandchooseadurationthatsuitsyourtrip—TheLondonPassisavailableforone，two，three，four，five，six，sevenor10consecutivedays.Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.Whenyougettothegateofanyparticipatingattraction，showyourLondonPassandheadstraightinside.Whatareourbestsellers?·2DayPass：Child￡65.00Adult￡99.00·3DayPass：Child￡77.00Adult￡116.00·5DayPass：Child￡94.00Adult￡144.00【語篇解讀】本文是應用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦通票的作用以及收費情況。1.WhyisTheLondonPassrecommendedtotravelers?A.Itoffersmoney－savingtips.B.IthelpstovisitLondononabudget.C.Itprovidesaccesstomoreattractions.D.Itpromisestoreturnmoneyifunused.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeing...witharelativelylowercost.”可知，推薦倫敦通票給旅行者是因為它對在預算內游覽倫敦會有所幫助。]2.WhatshouldyoudobeforeusingTheLondonPass?A.Signuponthepage.B.Downloadtheapp.C.Bookyourtours.D.Updateyourinformation.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.”可知，使用倫敦通票前應該下載應用程序。]3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouwant3DayPassfortwoparentsandakid?A.￡164. B.￡263.C.￡309. D.￡382.答案C[數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)“3DayPass：Child￡77.00Adult￡116.00”可知，如果你想買一張父母和一個孩子的3日票，你需要付77＋116＋116＝￡309。](2024·山東濟寧三模)Whatisthe15－minutecity?It’stheurbanplanningconceptthateverythingcityresidentsneedshouldbeashortwalkorbikerideaway—about15minutesfromhometowork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.Supportersarguethat15－minutecitiesarehealthierforresidentsandtheenvironment，creatingunitedmini－communities，boostinglocalbusinesses，andencouragingpeopletogetoutside，walk，andcycle.ManycitiesacrossEuropeoffersimilarideas，butParishasbecomeitsposterchild.MayorAnneHidalgohassoughttofightclimatechangebydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsandfuelemissions.In2015，Pariswas17thonthelistofbike－friendlycities；by2019，itwas8th.Carownership，meanwhile，droppedfrom60percentofhouseholdsin2001to35percentin2019.The15－minutecityfiguredlargelyinHidalgo’ssuccessful2020re－electioncampaign.TheideahasalsogainedsupportintheU.S.Itclearlywon’tworkeverywhere：NoteverycityisascentralizedandwalkableasParis.Somecar－dominatedcitieslikeLosAngelesandPhoenixwouldbehard－pressedtoprovideeverythingpeopleneedwithinwalkingdistance.Inaddition，someurbanplannersarguethatthe15－minutecitycouldincreasetheseparationofneighborhoodsbyincome.Neighborhoodsequippedwithalltheconveniencesrequiredbythe15－minutecityalsotendtohavehighhousingcostsandwealthierresidents.Despitesomeresistance，thebasicprinciplesbehindthe15－minutecityareinfluencingplanningincitiesaroundtheworld，includingMelbourne，Barcelona，BuenosAires，Singapore，andShanghai.UrbandesignerandthinkerJayPittersayscitieswherebasicneedsarewithinwalkingdistancecreatemoreindividualfreedomthanneedingtodriveeverywhere.“Inacitywhereservicesarealwayscloseby，”hesays，“mobilityisachoice：Yougowhereyouwantbecauseyouwantto，notbecauseyouhaveto.Myfightisnotagainstthecar.Myfightishowwecouldimprovethequalityoflife.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。15分鐘城市的理念是城市居民需要的一切都應該在步行或騎自行車15分鐘的距離內，這對于居民來說很方便。文章主要介紹了15分鐘城市的理念的起源以及人們對該理念的不同觀點。4.Whichbestdescribesthe15－minutecity?A.Modern. B.Convenient.C.Entertaining. D.Smart.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“It’stheurbanplanningconceptthat...about15minutesfromhometowork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.”可知，15分鐘城市的理念是城市居民需要的一切都應該在步行或騎自行車出行的短距離內——從家到上班、購物、娛樂、餐館、學校、公園和醫(yī)療中心大約需要15分鐘，這對于居民來說很方便，由此可推知，B項“Convenient(便利的)”這個詞最能描述出15分鐘城市的特點。]5.What’stheoriginalintentionforParistoadvocatethe15－minutecity?A.Toaddressclimateissues.B.Tobeautifythecity.C.Topromotethebikeindustry.D.TohelpHidalgogetre－elected.答案A[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ManycitiesacrossEuropeoffersimilarideas...bydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsandfuelemissions.”可知，巴黎倡導15分鐘城市的初衷是解決氣候問題。]6.What’ssomeurbanplanners’worryaboutthe15－minutecity?A.Itslowsthecity’sexpansion.B.Itrepresentsasetbackforsociety.C.Itmaywidenthegapbetweenneighborhoods.D.Itcancausethespecializationofneighborhoods.答案C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“the15－minutecitycouldincreasetheseparationofneighborhoodsbyincome...tendtohavehighhousingcostsandwealthierresidents.”可知，一些城市規(guī)劃者對15分鐘城市的擔心是，它可能會加大鄰里之間的差距。]7.What’sJayPitter’sattitudetotheconceptof15－minutecity?A.Doubtful. B.Favorable.C.Critical. D.Uninterested.答案B[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中“UrbandesignerandthinkerJayPittersays...thanneedingtodriveeverywhere.”可推知，JayPitter對15分鐘城市理念的態(tài)度是贊成的。]Allparentsknowexerciseisimportantforchildren:Itcanlowerheartrisks,controlweightandhelpkidsdobetterinschool.Expertshavealsoprovedthatoutdooractivitiesatanearlyagecanhelpchildrenformhealthyhabitsforlife.Butdon’texpectkidstounderstandaboutthosethings.Somekidsjustaren’tintoexercise,butthatshouldn’tmeantheyhavetobeaddictedtotheTV.Soparentscoulddosomethingtohelpinactivekidsfallinlovewithphysicalactivity.IfparentssitinfrontoftheTVeverynight,kidsaren’tlikelytorespectrestrictions(限制)yousetontheirscreentimeeither.Socheckyourownbehaviorandserveasarolemodelbyputtingphysicalactivityintoyoureverydaylife.Walkinsteadofdrivingifpossible.Regularlyjoininactivitiesthatyouenjoyandletyourkidsseehowmuchyouenjoythem.Inthisway,theymay“doastheRomansdo”.Makesurethatchildren’sfitnessisincludedinthefamilyscheduleaswellasschool,workandshopping.Thenyouandyourchildrenaremorelikelytosticktoanexerciseplan.AndyourchildrenwillbegintoexpectthatSundaymorningusuallymeansahikeride,andonacoupleofnightsafterdinnerthefamilytakesalightwalkthroughtheneighborhood.Childrenwhoaren’tnaturallygoodatphysicalactivitymaybeworriedabouttheirlackofphysicalskillsandevenfearpublicfailure.Theyneedallthesupportandencouragementfromparents.Negativecommentsdon’tworkandwillonlymakethemfeelbad.Remember,focusontheeffort—choosingtobeactiveortryingtoimproveaskill—ratherthantheresult.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要講述了從小進行戶外活動可以幫助孩子養(yǎng)成終生的健康習慣。但不要指望孩子們能理解這些事情。所以父母可以做一些事情來幫助不活躍的孩子愛上體育活動。8.What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.WhenparentscanwatchTV.B.Whatactivityparentscanjoinin.C.Whychildrenshouldenjoyexercise.D.Howparentscanleadchildrentoexercise.答案D[段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段“IfparentssitinfrontoftheTVeverynight...byputtingphysicalactivityintoyoureverydaylife.”可知，這段主要說父母要把體育活動加入每天的生活中，為孩子做榜樣。D項說法符合題意，故選D項。]9.Whatdoesthetexttellus?A.Itistheresultthatalwayscomesfirst.B.KidscanchooseeitherexerciseortheTV.C.Exerciseisnecessaryforhealthydevelopment.D.Childrenhavingfewphysicalskillsshouldbepunished.答案C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Allparentsknowexerciseisimportantforchildren...canhelpchildrenformhealthyhabitsforlife.”可知，鍛煉對健康有好處。下文就父母如何激發(fā)孩子對運動的興趣進行了介紹。C項說法正確，故選C項。]10.Forwhomisthetextwritten?A.Parents. B.Children.C.PEteachers. D.Experts.答案A[讀者對象題。根據(jù)第二段“IfparentssitinfrontoftheTVeverynight...byputtingphysicalactivityintoyoureverydaylife.”以及下文中“Thenyouandyourchildrenaremorelikelytosticktoanexerciseplan.”可知，文中第一段提到父母要為孩子做榜樣，把日常活動加入日程中，以及下文通篇在說你和你的孩子怎么做，可推知是寫給父母的。故選A項。]11.Howcanwedescribetheauthor’sattitudetochildren’senjoyingexercise?A.Doubtful. B.Opposed.C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.答案C[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段“Soparentscoulddosomethingtohelpinactivekidsfallinlovewithphysicalactivity.”可知，作者認為鍛煉對身體有好處，并提出家長做些事情幫助孩子愛上體育活動，可知作者是持支持的態(tài)度。故選C項。]Ⅱ.七選五(2024·四川九市聯(lián)考)TheOxfordDictionarydescribesstaycationas“aholidayspentinone’shomecountryratherthanabroad,oronespentathomeandinvolvingdaytripstolocalattractions.”1Itgivesyoualmost100%ofrestfultimewithlittletonoprep.Stoptoconsiderthefollowing:theratio(比例)ofqualitytimethat’sspentonrelaxationismoreimportantthanthenumberofdaysforholidays.2Forinstance,aweekendbreakthatconsistsoflongtraveloneithersideisnorecipe(良方)forrelaxation.Thisisoneofthereasonswhystaycationsaremorerefreshingthanvacations.3Insteadoflosingtimeandenergypreparingforavacation,astaycationwillprovideyouwithhigh－qualityrestingtime.You’llgetbacktoworkfeelingmorerefreshed,andrelaxed.4Staycationsalsoticksomeofthesameboxesasvacationslikeexperiencingnewthings.Youjustneedtoexplorenearbythingswhichyouhaveneverpaidattentionto.Oftenweoverlooktheattractionsthatareneartous.5However,ifyoumakeanefforttoexploretheareaclosetowhereyoulive,youmaybepleasantlysurprised.Therewillbecafesandrestaurantsyou’venevertried,historicbuildingsyou’veneverseenbefore,andnatureparksyou’venevervisited.Sowithalittleeffortonyourpart,you’llbeabletoexperiencenewandexcitingthin