高一英語閱讀理解2篇（含答案）

一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和

D）中，選出最佳選項。

1.

Theytelluswhentogetuporwhenwe'rerunninglatefbrworkand

whetherweareindangerofmissingourfavoriteTVprogram.Butwhile

ourdailyactivitiesrelyonclocksthattellusthetime,scienceis

discoveringthatourwell-beingisinfluencedbyaverydifferentkindof

timepiece.Circadianrhythms-thehumanbody'sowninternal（體內(nèi)

的）clock—haveapowerfulinfluenceonourhealthandbehaviour.They

areprogrammedfrombirthandcontrolfunctionsrangingfrom

temperatureandbloodpressuretosleeppatterns.

Inrecentyearsresearchershavealsodiscoveredthatthisbuilt-in

mechanism（機制）caninfluenceeverythingfromthewaywereactto

medicinestohowwellwelearnmusic.

Thelatestexample,fromexpertsatHarvardUniversityintheUS,

showsthatthehumanbodyclockcaneveninfluencewhetherornotwe

arelikelytotellthetruth.Researchersfounditwaseasierforpeopleto

tellliesintheafternoonbecause,astheyweretired,theself-controlthat

wouldnormallypreventthemfromlyingstartedtobreakdown.Tiredness

madeiteasierforthemtotelllies—especiallyifilmeanttheygota

financialrewardattheend.

"Thebodyclockhasagreatinfluenceonusall,"saysProfessorJim

HornefromtheSleepResearchCentreatLoughboroughUniversity.

“Mostpeopletendtofeelgoodaroundlatemorningandthendeclinein

theearlyafternoon.Butthetimemostofuswillfeelsharpestisbetween

6pmand8pm.Thafsbecausesleepinesstendstobuildupthroughout

theday.Byearlyeveningourbodyclockkicksintowakeusup.One

reasonmaybetoensurewegethomesafely.Whenourancestors（祖

先）werecominghomeafterhuntingalldaytheirinternalclockskickedin

togetthemhomeinonepiece."

Sowhateffectsdocircadianrhythmshaveandwhat'sthebesttime

ofdaytotakeadvantageofthem?

1.Theunderlinedword"They"inthefirstparagraphrefersto.

A.ourclocks

B.scientistsandexperts

C.ourdailyroutines

D.circadianrhythms

2.TheresearchinParagraph3foundthatpeopletendto.

A.telllieswhentheyaretired

B.tellliesiftheyarerewarded

C.getangryastheybecometired

D.breakdownbecausetheyaretired

3.Accordingtothepassage,whenarepeoplemostquick-thinking?

A.Inthemorning.

B.Aroundmidday.

C.Inthelateafternoon.

D.Intheearlyevening.

4.Whatinformationwillthewriterprobablypresentfollowingthelast

paragraph?

A.Somepracticalsuggestionstopreventpeoplefromlying.

B.Examplesofhowthehumanbodyclockcontrolsthebody.

C.Examplesofthemostsuitabletimetododifferentactivities.

D.Anexplanationofwhythehumanbodyclockcancontrolthebody.

【解題導(dǎo)語】本篇為說明文，主要介紹了人體生物鐘對我們生活

的影響。

【長難句解讀］Inrecentyearsresearchershavealsodiscoveredthatthis

built-inmechanism（機制）caninfluenceeverythingfromthewaywereact

tomedicinestohowwellwelearnmusic.

分析:discovered后為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。賓語從句中包含了定語從

句wereacttomedicines,修飾先行詞way。

譯文：最近幾年，研究者也發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種內(nèi)在機制可以影響一切事情，

從我們對藥物作出反應(yīng)的方式到我們學(xué)習(xí)音樂的程度。

1.D【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解。

【解題思路】由上文中的"Circadianrhythms—thehumanbody'sown

internal（體內(nèi)的）dock”可知,此處They指代上文提到的Circadian

rhythms,表示它們是與生俱來的。

2.A【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解。

【解題思路】由第三段中的"Researchersfounditwaseasierforpeople

totellliesintheafternoonbecause,astheyweretired,theself-control...

breakdown”可知答案為A。

3.D【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解。

【解題思路】由第四段中的"Butthetimemostofuswillfeelsharpest

isbetween6pmand8pm...Byearlyeveningourbodyclockkicksinto

wakeusup”可知答案為D。

4.C【命題意圖】考查推理判斷。

【解題思路】由最后一段提出的問題中的"what'sthebesttimeofday

totakeadvantageofthem”可知，接下來應(yīng)是舉一些例子來說明做不同

活動的最佳時機。

2.

Whenitcomestolearningaforeignlanguage,manypeoplewonder

iftheywillbeabletomemorizeenoughvocabulary.Butthisquestion

neverhappensabouttheirmothertongue,andyet,itwasaforeign

languageonce.However,amongallthequestionsthatnewparentsask,

nodoctorhaseverheard“Willmybabybeabletolearnmylanguage?”

Tobehonest,doyouknowallthewordsofyourmothertongue?The

answeris"No".

Newwords,andnewwaysofusingoldwords,appeareveryday.

Twentyyearsago,v/howouldhavebeenabletounderstandasentence

likethis:"Clickheretodownloadyourdigitalbook"?Nobody.Younever

stoplearningnewvocabularyandyouneverknowhowlongyouwill

needit.

Sometimes,youhavethewordonthetipofyourtongue...anditsticks

there!Butyoudoknowthisphenomenon(現(xiàn)象)andthinkthatitisn't

becauseofabadmemory.Youshouldnotgivethisphenomenonmore

importanceinthelanguageyouarelearningthaninyourmothertongue.

Youneedtolearnonly2,000orsobasicwordstobeabletocreate

anyphraseyouneed.Youcan'tavoidsomeworkinordertolearnthese

necessarywordsandallthemoreifyouwanttolearnquickly.Andbefore

youconsiderbuyingintoanymethod,besureitisrightforyou.Itisnot

wisetodependonanymethodbaseduponmnemonics(記憶術(shù)).Thefirst

wordsseemveryeasytolearn,soyoubuythecourse,butthenyou

discoverquickly,thoughtoolate,thatsomewordslateraremoredifficult

tolearn.

(1)Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat.

A.thereisnoneedtoknowallthewordsofaforeignlanguage

B.itishonesttoanswer“no”toaquestionyoudon'tknow

C.ababycanknowallthenewwordsofitsmothertongue

D.peoplefindithardtomemorizethevocabularyoftheirlanguage

(2)TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3probablymeans.

A.youcanremembertheword

B.youjustfailtoremembertheword

C.youarenotsureoftheword

D.youdaren'topenyourmouthtospeaktheword

(3)Tolearnaforeignlanguage?theauthoradvisesyou.

A.toremembernewwordsappearingeveryday

B.tokeepupwithnewwaysofusingoldwords

C.tolearnabout2,000necessarywords

D.topaymoreattentiontoyourbadmemory

(4)Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.usingoldwordsinanewway

B.learningnewwordsfromthecontext

C.findingamethodtomemorizethevocabulary

D.learningthevocabularyofaforeignlanguage

答案：(1)-(4)ABCD

解析：(1)推理判斷題。從第一段中的“Tobehonest,doyouknowallthe

wordsofyourmothertongue?Theansweris可知，一個人既然連

自己母語的詞匯都不可能全部認識，那么在學(xué)習(xí)外語時，也就沒有必

要記住所有的詞匯。

(2)句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句子后面一句"Butyoudoknowthis

phenomenonandthinkthatitisn'tbecauseofabadmemory.“可以推

知，這里是說你一時想不起來那個詞。故選B項。

⑶細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Youneedtolearnonly2,000or

sobasicwordstobeabletocreateanyphraseyouneed.”可知C項為正

確答案。

（4）主旨大意題。本文介紹的主要是學(xué)習(xí)外語時的詞匯量問題，分析

四個選項可知，D項符合主題。

3.

（2014?全國高考II）Oneofthelatesttrends（趨勢）inAmerican

childcareisChineseaupairs.AuPairinStamford,Conn.,forexample,

hasgotincreasingnumbersofrequestsforChineseaupairsfromzeroto

around4,000since2004.Andthat'strueallacrossthecountry.

“IthoughtitwouldbeveryusefulforhimtolearnChineseatan

earlyage,“JosephStocke,themanagingdirectorofacompany,saysof

his2-year-oldson."Iwouldatleastliketogivehimthechancetousethe

languageinthefuture.Afteronlysixmonthsofbeingcaredforbya

25-year-oldwomanfromChina,theboycanalreadyunderstandbasic

Chinesedailyexpressions,hisdadsays.

LiDrake,aChinesenativeraisingtwochildreninMinnesotawithan

Americanhusband,hadanotherreasonforlookingforanaupairfrom

China:Shedidn'twantherchildrentomissoutontheirroots.<4BecauseI

amChinese,myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeepexposedto

（接觸）thelanguageandculture（文化）Jshesays.

"Stayingwithanativespeakerisbetterforchildrenthansimply

sittinginaclassroom,5,saysSuzanneFlynn,aprofessorinlanguage

educationofchildren."Butparentsmustunderstandthatjustoneyear

withanaupairisunlikelytoproducewonders.Completemastery

demandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12.”

ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbythe

increasingnumbersofAmericanparentswhowanttheirchildrentolearn

Chinese.ItisexpectedthatAmericandemandforaupairswillcontinue

toriseinthenextfewyears.

(1)Whatdoestheterm“aupaif,inthetextmean?

A.Amotherraisingherchildrenonherown.

B.Achildlearningaforeignlanguageathome.

C.Aprofessorinlanguageeducationofchildren.

D.Ayoungforeignwomantakingcareofchildren.

(2)LiDrakehasherchildrenstudyChinesebecauseshewantsthem

A.toliveinChinasomeday

B.tospeakthelanguageathome

C.tocatchupwithotherchildren

D.tolearnabouttheChineseculture

(3)Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.LearningChineseisbecomingpopularinAmerica.

B.Educatedwomendobetterinlookingafterchildren.

C.ChineseaupairsneedtoimprovetheirEnglishskills.

D.Childrencanlearnaforeignlanguagewellinsixmonths.

3.(1)-(4)DDA

［語篇解讀］本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了漢語在美國日益受到歡

迎，從而引起了aupair的流行，即雇用說漢語的中國保姆來照顧孩

子，以便孩子們能夠跟保姆學(xué)習(xí)漢語等情況。

(1)推理判斷題。由第二段中約瑟夫請了一個25歲的中國女子照顧

他兩歲的兒子，以此給兒子創(chuàng)造學(xué)習(xí)漢語的機會，和第三段中一位華

僑母親也用這種方式教育自己的兩個孩子，以及第四段中一位語言教

授提到的“和說母語的人在一起學(xué)習(xí)語言比在教室好''等信息可知，an

pair指的是負責照顧孩子的外國保姆。A項指“獨自撫養(yǎng)孩子的母親”,

B項指“在家里學(xué)習(xí)外語的孩子”,C項指“兒童語言教育方面的教授”,

這些均不是aupair所指代的內(nèi)容。

(2)細節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合第三段的內(nèi)容可知，她本是一名中國人，但

還是請了一位說漢語的保姆來讓孩子們學(xué)習(xí)漢語，再根據(jù)她所說的

"BecauseIamChinese,myhusbandandIwantedthechildrentokeep

exposedtothelanguageandculture...”可知，她這樣做的目的是讓孩子

們接觸中國的語言和文化，故選D項。A項指“將來有一天居住在中

國”，B項指"在家里說漢語”，C項指“趕上其他的孩子們”，這些信息

在文章中都沒有提及。

(3)主旨大意題。本文通過列舉一些具體的例子，說明了美國的父母

們正在興起一種“aupair”熱，即通過請說漢語的中國保姆來照顧自己

的孩子，從而讓孩子們有機會學(xué)習(xí)漢語，這說明了漢語在美國日益受

到歡迎，因此選A項。B項指受過教育的婦女在照顧孩子方面更擅長,

與本文的主要內(nèi)容沒有關(guān)系；C項雖然提到了Chineseaupairs,但是

其側(cè)重點在她們需要提高自己的英語技能上；D項說“孩子們可以在

6個月內(nèi)學(xué)好一門外語”這與本文中兒童教育學(xué)家說的“Complete

masterydemandscontinuedlearninguntiltheageof10or12.“相矛盾。

4.

Therearemanyusefulsuggestionsthatcanhelponetoimprove

English.Herearesomeofthemtoincreaseone'sEnglishlanguage

vocabulary.

LearningEnglishvocabularyisaboutmuchmorethanjustlearningthe

rightwords.Itisbasedonunderstandingimportantwordsand

expressions.

Learningawordwillnothelpverymuchifyouquicklyforgetit.

Researchesshowthatittakesfrom10to20repetitions（重復(fù)）toreally

makeawordpartofyourvocabulary.Sincemostwordsarelearnedfrom

howtheyareusedincontext（上下文），themorewordsoneisshown,the

bettervocabularyonewillhave.Keepapieceofpaperclosetoyou.

Whenyouread,paycloseattentiontothewordyoudonotknow,write

theworddownandtrytounderstanditsmeaningfromthecontext.Then

lookupthewordinadictionary.

RememberthatifyoudonotuseEnglishwordsthatyouhavejustlearned

inconversationorwriting,youwillforgetthemveryquickly.Sothebest

waytolearnnewwordseffectivelyisjustbytryingtousethemin

conversationandwriting.Andrememberthatpracticeisthekeytofluent

spokenEnglish.

Buildingvocabularyisalife-longtask.Remember:"Inthebeginningwas

theword.^^Yourfuturecoulddependonhowrichyourvocabularyis.It

willalsodeterminethequalityofyourcommunication.

(1)WecanlearnfromthepassagethatlearningEnglishvocabulary

A.isjustaboutlearningtherightwords

B.isaboutrememberingmoreandmorewords

C.doesn'trequireonetolearnexpressions

D.requiresonetounderstandimportantexpressions

(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Tomasteraword,youneedtorepeatit10-20times.

B.Ifyourememberaword,youwillstillforgetitifyoudon'tuseit.

C.Itdoesn'ttakelongtobuildone'svocabulary.

D.PracticeisveryimportantinfluentspokenEnglish.

(3)Thebestwaytolearnnewwordsis.

A.tryingtousethemwhilespeakingandwriting

B.writingthemdownoverandoveragain

C.alwayslookingthemupinthedictionary

D.readingthemaloudoverandoveragain

(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.HowtoenrichyourEnglishvocabulary.

B.HowtohaveagoodconversationinEnglish.

C.WhycontextisimportantinlearningEnglish.

D.Howtoimprovethequalityofcommunication

答案：(1).(4)DCAA

解析：［語篇解讀］你知道如何增加英語詞匯量嗎？理解詞匯和短語的

意思，通過上下文學(xué)習(xí)，在對話和寫作中運用，這些方法都對增加詞

匯量大有裨益。

(1)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的LearningEnglishvocabularyisabout

muchmorethanjustlearningtherightwords.Itisbasedon

understandingimportantwordsandexpressions.可知，學(xué)習(xí)英語詞匯不

僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)正確的單詞，學(xué)習(xí)詞匯應(yīng)該建立在理解詞匯和短語的基礎(chǔ)

之上，故選D項。A項與LearningEnglishvocabularyisaboutmuch

morethanjustlearningtherightwords.矛盾。B項“記越來越多的單詞”

在文中未提及。C項與Itisbasedonunderstandingimportantwords

andexpressions.矛盾。

⑵細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Buildingvocabularyisalife-long

task.可知，發(fā)展詞匯量是一個終生的任務(wù)，故C項表達與文甯內(nèi)容不

符。A項與第三段的Researchesshowthatittakesfrom10to20

repetitions(重復(fù))toreallymakeawordpartofyourvocabulary.相符。B

項與第四段的…ifyoudonotuseEnglishwordsthatyouhavejust

learnedinconversationorwriting,youwillforgetthemveryquickly.相

符。D項與第四段的Andrememberthatpracticeisthekeytofluent

spokenEnglish.相符。

⑶細節(jié)理解題。由第四段第二句Sothebestwaytolearnnewwords

effectivelyisjustbytryingtousetheminconversationandwriting.W

知，學(xué)習(xí)新的詞匯最好的方法是在對話和寫作中多加運用，故選A

項。

⑷主旨大意題。文章講的是增加詞匯量的方法，如：理解詞匯和短

語的意思，通過上下文學(xué)習(xí)，在對話和寫作中運用。由此可知A項

正確。

5.七選五

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選

項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

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