中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單一一專題03被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)知

識(shí)梳理

PassiveVoice

［內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航J

?模塊一需要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況

?模塊二各時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

?模塊三主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換

?模塊四雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換

?模塊五不能使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的詞和詞組

?模塊六常見(jiàn)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)的詞和詞組

,模塊七h(yuǎn)avesth.done的雙重含義

I,?

［知識(shí)如理J

\重要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情之。

i.不知道或不必提及動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者

>Thisbridgewasbuiltin1700.

這座橋建于1700年。

2.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者

>Frankwashitbyacar.

弗蘭克被車(chē)撞了。

3.說(shuō)話者希望所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容更加客觀，避免就自己不太肯定的事表態(tài)

>ItissaidthatJapan'sindustrialprogressafterthewarwasveryremarkable.

據(jù)說(shuō)戰(zhàn)后日本的工業(yè)進(jìn)步非常顯著。

\_號(hào)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)吃。

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：bedone

請(qǐng)完成表格：（以do為例）

一般進(jìn)行完成

現(xiàn)

過(guò)

將——

過(guò)

去

將

VAttentionV

含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式：can/may/must+be+done

＞芝士蛋糕必須得趁冷吃。

Cheesecakecold.

★小試身手★

請(qǐng)用下面括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：

1)Aspeech(give)thisafternoon.

2)Theclassroom(clean)everyday.

3)Someeffectivemeasures(take)sincelastyear.

4)Mymother'sfavoritevase(break)yesterday.

5)Thebook(read)fourtimesbytheendoflastsemester.

6)Anamusementpark(build)inourcitynow.

7)Thetechniciantoldmethatmywatch(repair)in1hour.

8)Theproblem(discuss)thistimeyesterday.

9)Hesaidthathe(invite)totheparty.

10)Thousandsoftrees(plant)inthisareabytheendofthisyear.

11)Theclothesmay(deliver)tothepoorareanextmonth.

\主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

1.陳述句改為被動(dòng)句

Step1:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)

Step2:動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)作相應(yīng)變化（be+過(guò)去分詞）

Step3:by+主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)（可省略）

Step4:其他照抄

>Hewasmakingamodelplane.

2.一般疑問(wèn)句改為被動(dòng)句

Step1:be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞放句首

Step2:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)

Step3:被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的其他成分

Step4:by+主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)（可省略）

Step5:其他照抄

>DidMike'steachergivemuchhomeworkyesterday?

>_________________________________________________________

3.特殊疑問(wèn)句改為被動(dòng)句

Step1:特殊疑問(wèn)詞不變

Step2:be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞提前

Step3:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)特殊疑問(wèn)詞作賓語(yǔ)則這步省略）

Step4:被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的其他成分

Step5:by+主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)（可省略）

Step6:其他照抄

>WhenwillJackfinishhishomework?

>WhatdidLinda'sfathermendlastnight?

Whatlastnight?

★小試身手★

請(qǐng)把下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句：

1）Iwassurepeoplewouldpunishhim.

2)Theymayopenanewschoolnextyear.

3）Cantheboypickupheavyweights?

4）Willyourmotherkissyouonyourweddingdaynextweek?

Will_____________________onyourweddingdaynextweek?

\學(xué)賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換.

雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換原則

Hegaveherarose.=Hegavearosetoher.

Arose.（物做主語(yǔ)有介詞）

She.（人做主語(yǔ)無(wú)介詞）

★小試身手★

請(qǐng)改寫(xiě)下列句子，保持句意不變：

1）MyfatherboughtmeaMiniCooper.

物做主語(yǔ)：______________________________________

人做主語(yǔ)：______________________________________

2）Thewaiterhasnotbroughtusthecoffee.

物做主語(yǔ)：.

人做主語(yǔ)：______________________________________

▼Attention,

以下動(dòng)詞與介詞to搭配

award,bring,give,hand,leave,lend,mail,play,post,promise,pass,read,return,recommend（推

薦）,sell,send,serve（招待）,show,sing,take,teach,tell,throw,write

以下動(dòng)詞與介詞for搭配

boil,book,bring,build,buy,call,catch,change,choose,cook,cut,do,draw,fetch,find,fix,gather,

get,keep,leave,make,order,pick,prepare,reserve（預(yù)留），sing,save

★小試身手★

請(qǐng)用括號(hào)里的詞翻譯句子：

1）這個(gè)房間是為史密斯一家預(yù)定的。（reserve）

2)你不要指望任何人能為了你而變化。(change)

不能使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的詞和詞組

1.不及物動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)

出現(xiàn)—死—消失—

躺—升起—同意—

屬于—爆發(fā)—由…組成—

趕上—發(fā)生

—

2.靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞

變成—有益于—等于—

失敗—包含缺少

持續(xù)—意味著—值…錢(qián)—

適合——

、,見(jiàn)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)的詞和詞組。

1.常見(jiàn)系動(dòng)詞:

smell,sound,taste,feel,look,seem,appear,prove

＞井水嘗起來(lái)好甜。

＞Thewellwater這塊絲綢布料摸起來(lái)很光滑。

2.Thissilk__________________一些動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)時(shí)，通常和well等副詞連用,

這些動(dòng)詞有：

clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride+well

＞這支筆很好寫(xiě)。

Thispen_____________________

＞這幅眼鏡戴起來(lái)很舒服。

Thispairofglasses_____________________

3.用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式來(lái)代替被動(dòng)，這類動(dòng)詞主要有：

want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/need/requiretobedone

＞孩子們需要照看。

Thechildren_____________________

＞你值得擁有這些獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

You_____________________

4.beworthdoingsth.某事值得做

＞Anythingworthdoingisworthdoingwell.

5.be+adj.+todo

當(dāng)這個(gè)句型的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，我們一般用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。

Englishishardtolearn.(English是tolearn的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，所以不用被動(dòng)。)

＞這本書(shū)很難跟上。(follow)

＞他說(shuō)的話很容易理解。(Whathesaid)

模塊七h(yuǎn)avesth.done的雙重含義

1.某事被別人完成

＞你多久剪一次頭發(fā)?

Howoftendoyou

2.某人的一種經(jīng)歷

＞我昨晚把手臂摔斷了。

Iyesterday.

實(shí)踐驗(yàn)真知

★真題綜合試煉支

1.（2023?四川樂(lè)山?統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Who'sthelittlegirlinthephoto?

-Ifsme.ThephotowhenIwasfiveyearsold.

A.tookB.wastakenC.istaken

2.（2022?遼寧撫順?統(tǒng)考中考真題）IfssaidthatthekiteinChinaover2000yearsago.

A.inventsB.inventedC.wasinventedD.isinvented

3.（2023-四川成都?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Agreatnumberofbeautifulflowersonthesecondringroadin

Chengduthesedays.

A.plantB.areplantedC.areplanting

4.（2023?湖南岳陽(yáng)?統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThepandaYaYabacktoChinaonApril27th,2023.

A.isbroughtB.wasbroughtC.willbebrought

5.（2023?黑龍江齊齊哈爾?統(tǒng)考中考真題）—WhydotheelephantsinThailandhaveto?

一Becausehumanstherecatchthemfortheirivorytomakemoney.

A.protectB.beprotectedC.areprotected

6.（2023?黑龍江綏化?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thestudentshowtodoeyeexercisesjustnow.

A.wastaughtB.weretaughtC.taught

7.（2023?湖南株洲?統(tǒng)考中考真題）PandaYaYabacktoBeijingaboutthreeweeksago.

A.wasbroughtB.isbroughtC.brought

8.（2023?湖南懷化?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thecakebythehungrystudentsquicklyyesterday.

A.eatsB.iseatenC.waseaten

9.（2022?遼寧丹東?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一DoChinesepeoplelikeping-pongalot?

一Yes.Itbypeopleofallages.

A.playsB.isplayedC.playedD.wasplayed

10.（2023?北京?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers

everyyear.

A.areplantedB.wereplantedC.plantD.planted

11.（2022?吉林長(zhǎng)春?統(tǒng)考中考真題）LiYantothewelcomepartyyesterday.

A.invitesB.isinvitedC.wasinvitedD.willinvite

12.（2022?湖北黃石?統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Doyouthinkjuniorhighschoolstudentstogettheirears

pierced?

-No,Idon'tthinkso.Itisagainsttheschoolrules.

A.shouldallowB.allowC.haveallowedD.shouldbeallowed

13.（2022?江蘇鹽城?統(tǒng)考中考真題）SpudWebbatfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthedidn'tloseheart.

A.refusesB.refusedC.wasrefusedD.willberefused

14.（2022.內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特.中考真題）Thesecond"TiangongLecture”kickedoff!BingDwenDwen

ateachingtool!

A.isusedforB.wasusedforC.isusedasD.wasusedas

15.（2022?青海?統(tǒng)考中考真題）OurschoolheldthegraduationceremonylastFriday.Alltheparentsto

cheerusup.

A.areinvitedB.wereinvitedC.willbeinvited

16.（2022?內(nèi)蒙古?中考真題）一Whatamess!Thesharingbikeseverywhere.

一Lefscollectandputthemintherightplacesothattheycanbeusedconveniently.

A.throwB.threwC.isthrownD.arethrown

17.（2023?四川達(dá)州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Wouldyoumindtellingmeifhethemeetingintwodays?

一Hewon't,unlesshe.

A.willattend,isinvitedB.attends,willbeinvitedC.willattend,invites

18.（2023-四川涼山?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一We'resoproudthatChinaisgettingstrongerandstronger.

-Yes.Asyoucansee,Chinesebymoreandmoreforeigners.

A.learnsB.islearnedC.waslearned

19.（2023?遼寧丹東?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Teaisverypopularintheworld.Itinmanydifferentareasin

Chinanow.

A.producesB.producedC.isproducedD.wasproduced

20.（2023?江蘇連云港?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretreesnextyear.

A.plantB.willplantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted

21.（2023?湖南郴州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Manytreesandflowerseveryyeartomakeourenvironmentmore

beautiful.

A.plantB.areplantedC.wereplanted

22.（2023?福建?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Modemtechnologiesinthe19AsianGamesinSeptember,2023.

A.wereusedB.areusingC.willbeused

23.（2023?湖北孝感?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一HaveyouheardoftheUNChineseLanguageDay?

一Ofcourse.Chinesebymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldnowadays.

A.spokeB.isspokenC.speaksD.wasspoken

24.（2023?黑龍江?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Manyresearchlabsinthefuturetodevelopscienceandtechnology

inChina.

A.arebuildingB.willbebuiltC.werebuilt

25.（2023?湖北鄂州?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一WhatlanguageinGermany?

一MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.

A.speakB.isspokenC.isspeakingD.speaks

26.