SectionⅢListeningandTalking，ReadingforWritingⅠ.重點單詞1．recyclevt.回收利用；再利用→cyclen．循環；自行車2．musclen.肌肉；實力；影響力3．lackn．缺乏；短缺；vt.沒有；缺乏4．floatvi.浮動；漂流；漂移vt.使浮動；使漂流5．otherwiseadv.否則；要不然6．beyondprep.在更遠處；超出7．solaradj.太陽的；太陽能的8．currentadj.當前的；現在的n.水流；電流；思潮→currentlyadv.現時；目前；當前；時下9．sufficientadj.足夠的；足夠的10．toweln．毛巾；抹布11．tissuen．紙巾；(人、動植物細胞的)組織12．facilityn.設施；設備13．globen．地球；世界；地球儀→globaladj.全球的；全世界的14．arguevt.&vi.論證；爭論；爭論→argumentn．爭論；爭吵；論點15．shallowadj.膚淺的；淺的16．patternn.模式；圖案；模范17．monitorn.監視器；監測儀vt.監視；監測；監控18．regularlyadv.常常；定期地→regularadj.定期的；常常的；正常的→irregularadj.不規則的；無規律的→regulationn．規章；規則；條例19．pillown.枕頭20．smartphonen．智能手機21．resourcen.資源；財力；物力22．limitedadj.有限的→limitvt.&n．限制→unlimitedadj.無限的→limitlessadj.無限制的；無止境的23．closingadj.結尾的；結束的n.停業；關閉；倒閉24．attachvt.系；綁；貼25．oxygenn.氧；氧氣Ⅱ.重點短語1．solarsystem太陽系；類太陽系2．figureout弄懂；弄清晰；弄明白3．resultin導致；造成4．asaresult所以；結果(是)5．provideforsb.供應生活所需6．inclosing最終7．runout用完；耗盡8．lookforwardto期望；期盼；盼望9．becuriousabout對……新奇Ⅲ.重點句型1．Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.不管是去火星還是其他更遠的星球，世界各國在各種太空任務上花費了數十億美元和大量的時間。2．Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.首先，探究太空已經在對抗世界饑餓方面發揮了作用。3．OlympusMons,thelargestvolcanoonMars,isabouttwiceashighasMountQomolangma.奧林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山，大約是珠穆朗瑪峰的兩倍高。Ⅳ.課文預讀1．Whydosomepeopleargueagainstspaceexploration？CA．Theythinktheworldistoopoor.B．Theyarguethattheearthistooheavilypolluted.C．Theythinkitawasteofmoneyandtime.D．Theyworrythatsomefataldiseaseswillbetakenintospace.2．Howcanexploringspacehelpfightagainsthunger？AA．Thescientistsanalysethedatarecordedbysatellitesandprovideusefulsuggestionsforfarmers.B．SatellitesorbitingEarthcanhelpfightagainstsevereweather.C．Satellitescanchangetheweatherpattern,thusimprovingoutputofcrops.D．Thescientistsinventsomeusefulequipmenttohelpwithfarming.3．Byregardingourplanetasanislandinablacksea,peoplewillrealisethatB.A．wehavesucharapidlyincreasingpopulationB．theresourcesaresolimitedC．itishardtofindotherplanetsasournewhomeD．lifeonMarswillbenicerthanthatonEarth4．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingitemsisNOTthebenefitcausedbyspaceexploration？AA．Machinesinfactories.B．Memoryfoampillows.C．SmartphonecamerasD．Heartmonitors.核心單詞1.lackn．缺乏；短缺vt.沒有；缺乏①(中國日報)Thatlackofprovision,also,needstobeaddressed.這種缺乏規定的狀況也須要得到解決。②(柯林斯詞典)Thechargesweredroppedforlackofevidence.指控因證據不足而被撤銷。③(牛津高階)Whilegirlslackconfidence,boysoftenoverestimatetheirabilities.女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩則往往會高估自己的實力。④(柯林斯詞典)Shefeltnervous,increasinglylackinginconfidenceaboutherself.她感到驚慌，對自己越來越缺乏信念。G歸納拓展T圖解助記J即學即練單句語法填空①Theonlythinghe'slackinginisexperience.②(2024·全國乙卷)LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(風景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacks(lack)geographicalvariation.③Lackoftalentandtimeisnoreasonfortakingnoaction.完成句子④Hehadthefearofspeakinginpublicforlackofconfidence.由于缺乏信念，他膽怯 在公眾面前講話。2.keenadj.熱衷的；渴望的①(牛津高階)She'snotkeenonbeingtoldwhattodo.她不喜愛別人向她發號施令。②(中國日報)The40-year-oldsaidheiskeentoseethecitybecomevibrantagain.40歲的他說，他渴望看到這座城市再次充溢活力。③(朗文當代)Thechairmaniskeenthatthecompanyshouldexpanditsproductrange.董事長迫切希望公司擴大產品范圍。④(劍橋高階)Theyarekeenlyawarethatthiswillbetheirlastchancetosucceed.他們敏銳地意識到這將是他們勝利的最終機會。G歸納拓展J即學即練單句語法填空①Theyoungplayeriskeentowin(win)agoldmedalintheWinterOlympicGames.②Hekeenly(keen)feltthatheshoulddosomethingtohelp.③Weareallkeenthattheschoolshouldgetinvolvedtoo.翻譯句子④事實上，她不太想去參與聚會。Infact,shewasn'ttookeenongoingtotheparty.3.arguevt.&vi.論證；爭論；爭論①(中國日報)Wewouldhavelikedonemore,butacleansheetandtwogoals—wecan'targuewiththat.我們本想再進一球，但一球不失的狀況下進了兩球——我們對此無可爭論。②(劍橋高階)Theministerarguedfor/againstmakingcutsinmilitaryspending.部長贊成/反對削減軍費開支。③(朗文當代)Joycearguedmeintobuyinganewjacket.喬伊斯勸服我買了一件新夾克。④(牛津高階)Wehadanargumentwiththewaiteraboutthebill.我們和服務員就賬單發生了爭吵。G歸納拓展T圖解助記J即學即練單句語法填空①Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargument(argue)withamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.②Howcouldanyoneargueagainsteatingmorefruitandvegetables?③Somepeopleholdtheopinionthatreadingpaperbooksissuperiortoreadinge-booksinmanywayswhileothersarguethatreadinge-booksismuchbetter.④Wetriedtoargueherintojoining(join)usinhelpingthehomeless.完成句子⑤Itisnousearguingwithhimabout/overthequestionbecausehewon'tchangehismind.和他爭論這個問題是沒有用的，因為他不會變更辦法的。4.limitedadj.有限的①(中國日報)Tourists'expectationsforruraltourismarenolongerlimitedtoenjoyingnaturalsceneries.游客對鄉村旅游的期望不再局限于觀賞自然風光。②(牛津高階)Theamountofmoneyyouhavetospendwilllimityourchoice.你要消費的金額限制著你的選擇。③(朗文當代)Thereisalimittotheamountofpainwecanbear.我們能承受的苦痛是有限度的。④(柯林斯詞典)Inthecircumstanceswe'lltellyouwhatwecan,withinlimits,ofcourse,andinconfidence.在這種狀況下，我們會告知你我們能做的，當然是在肯定范圍內，而且是保密的。G歸納拓展T圖解助記J即學即練單句語法填空①(2024·全國乙卷)Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimited(limit)time.②Thereisnolimittohowmuchfreshfruityoucaneatinaday.③Whenwritingyourcomposition,you'dbetterlimityourwordsto800wordsorso.④Accordingtothenews,violentcrimeisnotlimited(limit)tobigcities.⑤Thereisalimittoone'slife,butnolimittoservingthepeople.5.attachvt.系；綁；貼①(朗文當代)Attacharecentphotographtoyourapplicationform.在你的申請表上附上一張近照。②(中國日報)“Weattachsufficientimportancetobothproductionandepidemicprevention，”saidHuang.“我們對生產和防疫都特別重視，”黃說。③(柯林斯詞典)Sheisveryattachedtoherfamilyandfriends.她特別喜愛她的家人和摯友。G歸納拓展T圖解助記J即學即練單句語法填空①Emmahadnevertakenherselfasacrane(鶴)andbecomedeeplyattachedtohumans.②Aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattached(attach)toitwithpinsandasignthatread，“GiveWhatYouCan.TakeWhatYouNeed.”③Finally,teachersshouldattachimportancetodeveloping(develop)students'cross-culturalawareness.④Pleasecheckmyapplicationformintheattachment(attach)．必備短語1.figureout弄懂；弄清晰；弄明白①(2024·浙江高考)Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduringtrainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage.探討表明，在測試階段，這些動物已經知道如何將它們在訓練中所學到的關于人臉的學問應用到新面孔上。②(柯林斯詞典)Thingsjustdidn'tworkoutasplanned.事情沒有像安排的那樣進展順當。③(牛津高階)Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgaveout.一個月后，他們的食物供應用完了。④(朗文當代)Theskyclearedandthesuncameout.天空晴朗，太陽出來了。⑤(朗文當代)He'sbringingoutanewalbumnextmonth.他下個月將推出一張新專輯。G歸納拓展J即學即練用out的相關短語填空①Fightingbrokeoutinthreedistrictsofthecitylastnight.②Theyworkedoutaneffectivemethod,whichwasconfirmedbythemanager.③Whenishernewnovelcomingout?④Whenwewereonlyafewmilesfromourdestinationthepetrolgaveout.⑤(2024·新課標全國Ⅱ卷)Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach...theanimals?翻譯句子⑥我花了10天的時間試圖找到這個問題的答案。Ispenttendaystryingtofigureouttheanswer.2.resultin導致；造成①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.你可能會考慮在社交媒體上發布你想要的東西，但這可能不會產生有用的回應。②(柯林斯詞典)Manyhairproblemsresultfromwhatyoueat.很多頭發問題都是由你的飲食引起的。③(柯林斯詞典)Asaresult,serviceshavebeendrasticallyreduced.結果，服務被大大削減了。④(朗文當代)Asaresultofthepilots'strike,allflightshavehadtobecancelled.由于飛行員罷工，全部的航班都不得不取消。G歸納拓展J即學即練單句語法填空①Expertssayweightgainresultsfromlessexercise.②Millionsofpeoplewillfacestarvationnextyearasaresultofthedrought.③Asaresult,therewereveryfewtext-booksforthestudentstouse.④(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ卷)Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.翻譯句子⑤小城里汽車的增加導致了公共交通的削減。Anincreaseincarsinthesmallcityhasresultedinthedeclineofpublictransport.3.provideforsb.供應生活所需①Inordertoprovideforsucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientistsaretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.為了養活如此快速增長的人口，科學家們正在努力找尋其他星球，以便將來有一天能成為我們的新家。②Idon'tthinktheexperimentisafailure,becauseithasprovideduswithvaluableexperienceforfuturetests.我認為這次試驗不是失敗的，因為它為我們今后的試驗供應了珍貴的閱歷。③Wewillsupplyyouwiththecropyourequire.我們將供應你所須要的作物。④Taylorofferedhim500dollarstodothework.泰勒愿出500美元雇他做這件工作。G歸納拓展J即學即練單句語法填空①Thiswell-madefilmprovidesforeignaudienceswithafreshwayofbetterknowingChina'spastandpresent.②(2024·全國乙卷)ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcareto/forfreedslaves.③Thefinancedepartmentsuppliesthecommitteewiththefigures.④Ihopeatleastmydaughterwasabletooffersomeusefultipstoyou.4.runout用完；耗盡①(中國日報)Gallinari'slastinboundspasswenttonobody,andtheclockranout.加里納利的最終一個界外球沒人接，競賽結束了。②(柯林斯詞典)Weranacross/intosomeoldfriendsinthevillage.我們在村子里撞見了一些老摯友。③(柯林斯詞典)Thedriverfailedtonegotiateabendandranintoatree.該司機沒能順當轉過一個彎，撞上了一棵樹。④(柯林斯詞典)Abuzzofexcitementranthroughthecrowd.人群中充溢著興奮的嗡嗡聲。G歸納拓展Y易混辨析J即學即練單句語法填空①YesterdayIranacross/intoaclassmateofmine,whoreturnedfromEngland.②Itlooksasifpetrolwillrunoutfasterthancoal.③Heranthroughthenamesonthelistonthetable.④Mycarbrokedownonthewaytothebeachbecauseithadrunoutofpetrol.翻譯句子⑤很快，錢被用完了，他們必需得有一份工作來謀生。Soon,themoneybegantorunoutandtheymusthaveajobtoearnaliving.重點句型1.Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.不管是去火星還是其他更遠的星球，世界各國在各種太空任務上花費了數十億美元和大量的時間。J句型剖析本句是簡潔句，句中whether...or...意為“不管……還是……”，后跟介詞短語。①Butifhe'soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.但是假如他每天都在場上努力打球，你就應當表揚他的努力，不管他所在的球隊是贏還是輸。(賓語從句)②Tothisday,it'sunclearwhetherheshothimselforwasmurdered.至今尚不清晰他原委是自殺還是被謀殺。(主語從句)③Theonlyremainingproblemiswhetherwecancollectenoughmoneyornot.剩下的唯一問題是我們能否籌集到足夠的錢。(表語從句)④Whetherit'ssunnyorrainy,Deltagoesjoggingalongthelakeeverymorning.無論是晴天還是雨天，德爾塔每天早上都沿著湖邊慢跑。(讓步狀語從句)G歸納拓展whether...or...引導讓步狀語從句無論……還是……，不管……還是……引導名詞性從句是……還是……，或者……或者……后跟名詞、代詞、介詞短語或不定式短語無論……還是……，不管……還是……J即學即練單句語法填空①(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ卷)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhethertobiteasmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.②WhetherTomwinsorloses,thisishislastchance.完成句子③Whetherhe'spoororrich,Iwillmarryhim.無論他是貧困還是富有，我都會嫁給他。2.Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.首先，探究太空已經在對抗世界饑餓方面發揮了作用。J句型剖析本句是簡潔句，動名詞短語exploringspace在句中作主語，謂語動詞用單數形式。①Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertshascausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.在搖滾音樂會上聽很吵的音樂已造成了一些青少年的聽覺損耗。②Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.勸告這樣的人加入我們真是奢侈時間。③Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.他們來幫忙對我們是極大的激勵。④Goingshoppingandtakingawalkaremyfavoriteactivities.逛街和漫步是我最喜愛的活動。G歸納拓展動名詞作主語干脆位于句首作主語。用it作形式主語，動名詞是真正的主語。常用于“Itisnousedoing...”，“Itisnogooddoing...”，“Itisuselessdoing...”，“Itisfundoing...”，“Itisawasteoftimedoing...”等句型中。動名詞的復合結構作主語。當動名詞有自己的邏輯主語時，常可以在前面加上一個名詞或代詞的全部格作動名詞的邏輯主語，構成動名詞的復合結構。主語假如是一個動名詞短語，謂語動詞用單數；假如是兩個或以上，謂語動詞用復數。J即學即練單句語法填空①(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ卷)Taking(take)responsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.②ReadingsimplifiedEnglishnovelsis(be)aneasyandenjoyablewayofenlargingourvocabulary.③Itisawasteoftimearguinghimintotakingpartinthetask.④Working(work)outbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialtohealththaneatingfirst.完成句子⑤住在城市比住在農村便利。Livinginthecityismoreconvenientthaninthecountryside.3.OlympusMons,thelargestvolcanoonMars,isabouttwiceashighasMountQomolangma.奧林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山，大約是珠穆朗瑪峰的兩倍高。J句型剖析本句是簡潔句，thelargestvolcanoonMars在句中作同位語；twiceashighas為倍數表達法，結構為“倍數＋as＋形容詞原級＋as”。①Ournewplaygroundisthreetimesasbigastheoldone.我們的新操場是舊操場的三倍大。②Thisropeistwicelongerthanthatone.這根繩子比那根長兩倍。③Thebuildingontheleftisthreetimestheheightoftheoneontheright.左邊那棟樓的高度是右邊那棟樓的三倍。④Thefarmbelongingtomyuncleistwicewhatitusedtobe.我叔叔的農場比以前大了一倍。G歸納拓展J即學即練單句語法填空①Ilikethisredjacketbetter,butitcostsalmostthreetimesasmuchasthatblueone.②Ithinktherentofthisbeautifulhousemustbetwicemore(much)thantheotherone.③Whenpublishedin1843,thosenotesranthreetimesthelength(long)oftheoriginalarticle.④ThefactoryinthechargeofMrHanisfivetimeswhatitusedtobe.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Washhandswhenbackfromoutsideandexerciseregularly(regular)tostrengthenyourimmunesystem.2．WhetherIwasstrugglinginaclassorjustneededsomeoneforsupport,mymomwasalwaysthefirstonethere.3．Asthemembersoftheglobal(globe)village,weshouldloveandprotectourenvironment.4．Manyarguments(argue)areforusingcomputersinclass.5．Weneedfriendstoshareourjoysandsorrow,otherwise/orwewouldfeellonely.6．Thenaturalresourcesthatwerelyonarelimited(limit)．7．Peoplearebeginningtoattachmuchmoreimportancetotheirhealththesedaysthaneverbefore.8．Ican'tunderstandwhytheyargueagainsteatingmorefruitandvegetables.9．Mygoalistostudyhard,getagoodjobandprovideformyfamily.10．(2024·天津卷)Shewascuriousabouthowtheexpertsdidit.Ⅱ.選詞填空inclosing，anumberof，makeadifference，inone'seffortsto，becauseof，asaresult，resultin，providefor，lookforwardto，runout1．Itshowsthatdeterminationandpersistencecanreallymakeadifference.2．Thereareanumberofshopswhichselldiversesouvenirsinthetouristattractions.3．Intheireffortstopersuadeustobuythisorthatproduct,advertisershavemadeaclosestudyofhumankindnatureandweakness.4．Thepassageisananalysisofthecurrentproblemsinteaching.Inclosing,itgivesseveralthoughtsontheexperimentalteaching.5．Heislookingforwardtoenjoyingtheuniquearchitecturesofhistoricalimportance.6．Thematerialisnotsufficientandwillrunoutsoonsoweneedtobuysomebeforeusingallup.7．Hewasnotadmittedasanastronautbecauseofhispoorhealth,whichmadehimquitedisappointed.8．Tooursorrow,theaccidentresultedinthedeathof3astronauts.9．Firstmemoryw