模擬演練4：2023上海名校高中自主招生英語模擬演練4：2023上海名校高中自主招生英語一、語法從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatly________sizeandshape.A.on B.form C.by D.in2.Themayorhasofferedarewardof$5000to______whocancapturethetigeraliveordead.A.both B.others C.anyone D.another3.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives______ofmyfriends.A.morecarefully B.themostcarefully C.lesscarefully D.theleastcarefully4.Mymorning______includesjoggingintheparkandreadingnewspapersoverbreakfast.A.drill B.action C.regulation D.routine5.Johnwasdismissedlastweekbecauseofhis______attitudetowardshisjob.A.informal B.casual C.determined D.earnest6.Withthehelpofhightechnology,moreandmorenewsubstances______inthepastyears.A.discovered B.havediscovered C.hadbeendiscovered D.havebeendiscovered7.Howwastheteleviseddebatelastnight?Super!Rarely______somuchmediaattention.A.adebateattracted B.didadebateattractC.adebatedidattract D.attractedadebate8.Thelittleboycameridingfullspeeddownthemotorwayonhisbicycle.______itwas!A.Whatadangerousscene B.WhatdangerousasceneC.Howadangerousscene D.Howdangerousthescene9.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety______ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.as B.that C.which D.where10.Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice______him.A.calling B.called C.beingcalled D.tocall11.ThereisnothingmoreIcantry______youtostay,soIwishyougoodluck.A.beingpersuaded B.persuading C.tobepersuaded D.topersuade12.TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompletedC.completed D.beingcompleted13.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.which B.that C.where D.it14.Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater______theyarenotmanagedcarefully.A.though B.before C.until D.if15.______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.A.That B.What C.Whether D.Where二、詞匯填空Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.habitableB.sensibleC.potentialD.competeE.accommodateF.conceptG.drawH.advocatedI.survivalJ.expanseK.receivedMars--thenextfrontierItsoundslikesomethingfromthefieldsofsciencefiction--aspaceexpeditionintothevast___1___ofspace,headingtowardstheRedPlanet.Whilewe'renotquitereadytoputapersononland,thequestionweasktodayis:whyaresomanycountriesinterestedingoingtoMars?ThespaceracesawtheUSAandUSSR___2___toachievefirstsinspaceflight.TheSovietUnionreleasedSputnik1,anartificialsatellite,beforeanyoneelse,andtheUSlandedontheMoonfirst.NowitappearsthatMarsisthecelestialbodyofdesire.Whilethehonourofbeingthefirstnationtotouchdownisanobvious___3___,thereareotherreasonswewanttogetthere.Oneofthesecouldbethe___4___ofourspecies.Youonlyhavetolookatthefossilisedremainsofthedinosaurstoseethebenefitoffindinganother___5___planet.WhileMarsdoesn'thavetherightconditionstocallithomejustyet,there'salwaystheideaofterraforming--changingtheenvironmentofaplanetto___6___ourneedstolive.However,noteveryoneagrees.LeadingastrophysicistNeildeGrasseTysonhassaidthe___7___ofalteringhabitabilityofanotherplanetbecauseofthedamagewehavedonetoEarthisnot___8___whenwecansimplyterraformEarth.Itseemshemainreasonatthemomentisthesearchforsignsoflife.Ithaslongbeenbelievedthat,atonetime,Marswasabundantwithlife.Nowseeminglydead,the___9___fossilscouldanswerquestionsaboutourownevolutionandthatofourplanet.Onetheoryisthatbacteriallifeonourplanetdidn'tstarthere,butwastransferredviaasteroid(小行星)fromMars.Onebenefit___10___byscientistslikeNeildeGrasseTysonisthatlandingonMarsmayinspiremorepeopletobecomeinterestedinscienceandastronomy.Surelyinspiringanewgenerationtovisitthestarsisreasonenough.三、完形填空It’sstrange,butIdon’treallyrememberaboutthehurricaneitself.Itallhappenedso____1____Iwassittinginmyroomwhentheroof（屋頂）justflewoff.Allofasudden,therewasskywheretheroofhadbeenandIwasvery____2____.Withoutaroof,stayinginsidewasreally____3____.ItwasAugust,soitwasreallyhotanditsmelledso____4____everywhere!Livingintheopenair,webecamebreakfast,lunchanddinnerforthemosquitoes（蚊子）.Wehadlostourhomeandeverythinginit.ButasMomkepton____5____us,wewerealltogetherandsafe.Mom’swordsmadeusfeel____6____.Irememberusalllyingunderthemidnightskyandlookingupatthestars.Eventhoughwehadlostalot,momentslikethosegaveus____7____forthefuture.Althoughitwasonlyafewdaysbeforewewere____8____,itfeltlikemonths.Weweretakentoanothertowninafarawaycounty.Now,oneyearhaspassedandI’mbackhomeinNewOrleans.Weareworkingtogetherto____9____ourhomesandourlives.NowwehaveanotherchancetolookupatthestarsofNewOrleans,theirbeautyinspiringusandgivingus_____10_____tomoveon.1．A．informally B．currently C．regularly D．quickly2．A．pleased B．frightened C．curious D．impressive3．A．hard B．confusing C．unique D．inspiring4．A．sweet B．wet C．bad D．hot5．A．watching B．improving C．ignoring D．reminding6．A．worse B．better C．terrible D．positive7．A．money B．hope C．time D．option8．A．recognized B．saved C．contacted D．remembered9．A．observe B．explore C．struggle D．rebuild10．A．confidence B．comfort C．challenge D．direction四、閱讀理解ATeadrinkingwascommoninChinafornearlyonethousandyearsbeforeanyoneinEuropehadeverheardaboutit.PeopleinBritainweremuchslowerinfindingoutwhatteawaslike,mainlybecauseteawasveryexpensive.ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.Someofthemwerenotsurehowtouseit.Theythoughtitwasavegetableandtriedcookingtheleaves.Thentheyservedthemmixedwithbutterandsalt.Theysoondiscoveredtheirmistake.Tearemainedscarce(稀少的)andveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectlyfromChinaearlyinthe17thcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.Teahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinitatfirst,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded.Shefounditsopleasantthatshewouldneverdrinkitwithoutmilkagain.Shewassuchagreatladythatherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.Atfirstteawasusuallydrunkafterdinnerintheevening.Nooneeverthoughtofdrinkingteaintheafternoonuntiladuchess(公爵夫人)foundthatacupofteaandapieceofcakeatthreeorfouro'clockstoppedhergetting“asinkingfeeling”asshecalledit.Sheinvitedherfriendstohavethisnewmealwithherandso，teatimewasborn.1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheBritonsfromthetext?A．TheygotexpensiveteafromIndia. B．Theyboughtteaoutofcuriosityatfirst.C．Theyhadteauntiltheearly17thcentury. D．TheywerethefirsttodrinkteainEurope.2．WhendidteabecomeapopulardrinkinBritain?A．Inthe17thcentury. B．Intheearly18thcentury.C．Inthelate18thcentury. D．Inthe19thcentury.3．Theunderlinedwords“thishabit”inParagraph3refertodrinkingtea________.A．afterdinner B．intheafternoonC．withmilkinit D．withoutmilkinit4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thehistoryoftea. B．Thebirthofteatime.C．Thewaysofmakingtea. D．Thehabitofdrinkingtea.BAustraliawasalwaysacountryIwantedtovisit,soIsavedupsomemoneyandbookedaflighttogotravelinguptheeastcoastofAustraliaattheendofmyworkinLondon.TheflightmademerealizeexactlyhowfarawayAustraliaisfromhome.Ispent10hourstravelingonaplanefromLondontoHongKong,thenafurther8hourstoSydney,myfirststopinAustralia.Theflightwentquitequicklythough,sincetherewerelotsoffilmstowatchtokeepmeamused.ItwasstrangewhenIarrivedbecauseeverythingwasupsidedownoverthere;itwasthestartofwinter(inMay)!ItalsotookmeawhiletogetusedtothetimedifferenceasIwasalwaysonedayaheadofallmyfriendsandfamilybackhome.Thecountryistrulybeautiful,fullofamazingviewsandwildlifeyouwouldn’tfindanywhereelseintheworld.OneofmyexperiencesofmytripwasseeingkoalascloselyinBrisbane—therewerekoalaseverywheresleepinginthetreesandIevengotthechancetoholdone.Therewasalsobiggrasslandfullofkangaroosthatwewereallowedtofeed.Theywerereallysmartandveryfriendly.ThehighlightofmytripwassnorkelingintheGreatBarrierReef,asthewaterwasamazinglyclearwithabeautifulshadeofblue.Ialsogotthechancetoseesomespecialcreaturesunderwater,suchasseaturtlesandevenashark.Australiaisanamazingcountryandworthvisitingonedayifyouevergetthechance.5．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthejourneyontheplane?A．Time-wasting. B．Disappointing. C．Dangerous. D．Pleasant.6．HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhereachedSydney?A．Tired. B．Excited. C．Unfamiliar. D．Upset.7．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．UniquewildanimalslivinginAustralia. B．BeautifulnaturallandscapeinBrisbane.C．Wonderfulexperienceswithwildanimals. D．ExcitingsportsduringthetripinAustralia.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snorkeling”inParagraph4mean?A．Fishingonthesea. B．Swimmingunderwater.C．Watchinganimalshows. D．Feedingturtlesandsharks.CImaginethis:You’reatamovietheaterfoodstandloadinguponsnacks.Youhaveachoiceofasmall,mediumorlargesoda.Thesmallis$3.50andthelargeis$5.50.It’satoughdecision:Thesmallsizemaynotlastyouthroughthewholemovie,but$5.50forsomesugarydrinkseemsridiculous.Butthere’sathirdoption,amediumsodafor$5.25.Themediummightbejustrightforyou,butthelargeonlycostaquartermore.Ifyou’relikethemajorityofpeople,youendupbuyingthelarge.Ifyou’rewonderingwhowouldpurchasethemediumsoda,theanswerisalmostnoone.Actually,there’sagoodchancethatthemarketingdepartmentpurposelypricedthemediumsodaasadecoy(誘餌),makingyoumorelikelytobuythesodaratherthanthesmall.IhavewrittenaboutthisuniquehumannaturepreviouslywithmyfriendDanAriely,who,afternoticingpricingforsubscription(訂閱)toTheEconomist,studiedthisphenomenonextensively.Thedigitalsubscriptionwas$59,theprintsubscriptionwas$125,andtheprintplusdigitalsubscriptionwasalso$125.Nooneintheirrightmindwouldbuytheprintsubscriptionwhenyoucouldgetdigitalaswellforthesameprice,sowhywasitevenanoption?Arielyrananexperimentandfoundthatwhenonlythetwo“real”choiceswereoffered,morepeoplechosetheless-expensivedigitalsubscription.However,thebadoptionincreasedpeople’slikelihoodofselectingtheexpensiveprintplusdigitaloption.Brainscientistscallthiseffect“asymmetricdominance”anditmeansthatpeopleareattractedtotheoptionthatisclosesttoanobviouslyinferior(較差的)option.Marketingprofessorscallitthedecoyeffect,whichiscertainlyeasiertoremember.Itworksbecauseofthewayourbrainassignvaluewhenmakingchoices.Valueisrarelyabsolute;rather,wedecideanobject’svaluerelativetootherchoices.Ifmoreoptionsareintroduced,thevalueequation(方程)changes.9．What’sthefunctionoftheexampleinparagraph1?A．Toofferbackgroundinformation. B．Toexplainaneconomicalphenomenon.C．Toarousethereaders’interestinthetopic. D．Toillustratearulewhenbuyingdrinks.10．WhatdowelearnfromDanAriely’sexperiment?A．TheEconomist’sprinteditionturnsouttosellthebest.B．Morereaderschoosethedigitalovertheprintedition.C．Lower-pricedgoodsattractmorecustomers.D．TheEconomist’spromotionalstrategyworks.11．Fromwhichwebsitewouldyoumostprobablyfindthistext?A．/health B．https://www./localC．/money D．/science12．Howdoweassessthevalueofaproduct,accordingtothepassage?A．byconsideringitsusefulness. B．Comparingitwithotherchoices.C．Byexaminingitsvalueequation. D．Bytakingitslowqualityintoaccount.四、閱讀七選五HowtoImproveSpeedReadingSkillsSpeedreadingisoneofmanyskillsthatcanimproveyourreadingcomprehensionandshortenyourstudytime.____1____Lookatgroupsofwords,notsinglewo