閱讀理解閱讀理解【2025屆重慶市巴蜀中學(xué)高三高考適應(yīng)性月考卷（十)】London’sMust-SeeExhibitionsThisyeariszippingalongatquiteaspeed,andLondon'salreadywitnessedsomegreatexhibitions.Butbigtreatsarestilltocome.VanGogh’sSunflowersandStarryNightatTateBritainAmajorexhibitionatTateBritain,whichexamineshowVanGoghwasinspiredbyBritishart,andhowheinturninspiredBritishartists.HisfamouspaintingSunflowersfillsthegallerywithjoy,whileaworkofared-hairedmanwithpiercing(鋒利的)blueeyesstaresoutatvisitors.TheEYExhibition:VanGoghandBritainatTateBritain.Until11August,￡22.GlassMasteratKewGardensDaleChihulycreatessculpturesoutofglassthatwewouldnormallythinkimpossible.Hisbrightcolorfulformstwistandexpandasiftheyarelivingcreatures.With32ofhissculpturesaroundKewGardens,we'relookingforwardtoKewbecomingevenmorebeautifulthanitalreadyis.ChihulyatKew:ReflectionsonNatureatKewGardens.13April-27October,￡13.75.MoreofMooreatMuseumofLondonHenryMooreisbest-knownforhisabstractfiguresculptures,withafantasticcollectionattheBritishMuseum.Whatmanywon'tknowaboutishisobsession(癡迷)witharmour(盔甲),andthesculptureshecreatedinspiredbyRenaissancearmour.Actually,they'regoingondisplayatMuseumofLondon,nexttothearmourthatinspiredthem.HenryMoore:TheHelmetHeadsatMuseumofLondon.Until23October,￡11.ShiningaLightonRembrandtatDulwichPictureGalleryDulwichPictureGallerycommemorates350yearssincethedeathofRembrandtwithanexhibitiononthemanwhomasteredtheuseoflightanddarkinhispaintings.ThelastRembrandtexhibitioninLondonwassuperb—moreofthesame,please.Rembrandt'sLightatDulwichPictureGallery.2October-2December,￡15.1．AtwhichplacecanyouenjoyVanGogh’spaintings?A．TateBritain. B．KewGardens.C．MuseumofLondon. D．DulwichPictureGallery.2．WhatisthefeatureofHenryMoore:TheHelmetHeads?A．HenryMoore’sbest-knownsculptures.B．Afantasticcollectionofabstractpaintings.C．SculpturesinspiredbyRenaissancearmour.D．Paintingsofimpressivearmourinpasttimes3．WhichoftheexhibitionsisavailableinNovember?A．TheEYExhibitionVanGoghandBritain.B．ChihulyatKew:ReflectionsonNature.C．HenryMoore:TheHelmetHeads.D．Rembrandt’sLight.【答案】1．A2．C3．D【解析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了倫敦的幾個藝術(shù)展覽。1．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干VanGogh定位到第一個展覽中的TheEYExhibition:VanGoghandBritainatTateBritain可知，在TateBritain可以觀賞到梵高的畫。故選A。2．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三個展覽可知，HenryMoore最聞名的是抽象人物雕塑，藏品在大英博物館。很多人不知道的是他對盔甲的癡迷，以及他受文藝復(fù)興時期盔甲的啟示而創(chuàng)作的雕塑，而這些將會在倫敦博物館展出。故選C。3．推理推斷題。依據(jù)每個展覽介紹部分的最終一行時間信息可知，Rembrandt’sLight在11月舉辦。故選D。AnAmericanbrotherandsisterhavesurviveda14-hourswimtosafetyintheCaribbeanafterthefishingboattheyhadrentedsankoffthenorthcoastofStLucia.DanSusk,30-year-oldITprofessionalfromSanFrancisco,saidhehadbeenfishinginroughseaswithhelpfromhissister,KateSuski,a39-year-oldarchitect,whentheshipbegantosinkon21April.Waterfloodedtheengineroom.ThecaptainthrewlifejacketstotheSuskiandsaid,“Jumpout!Jumpout!”TheSuskiobeyedandjumpedintothewaterwiththecaptainandthefirstmate(大副).Lessthanfiveminuteslatertheboatsank.Theywereatleasteightmilewastellingustostaytogether,andthathelpwasonitswayandthatweneededtowait,KateSuskisaid.Afteranhour,whennohelpcame,theSuskidecidedtoswimforitandlostsightofthecaptainandthefirstmate.Ahelicopterappearedinthedistancebutnoonespottedthem.Severalhourswentby,andthesunbegantoset.“There’sthisveryrealunderstandingthatthesituationisdire,”KateSuskisaidbothconsideredthepossiblewayswemightdie.Wouldwedrown?Beeatenbyashark?Wouldourlegsgiveoutandmakeitimpossibletoswim?Theyswamfor12to14hours,talkingastheypushedandtrembledtheirwaythroughtheocean.Wheninthemoonlighttheyfinallycamewithinabout10metersoflandtheyrealizedthattheywerelookingatsteeprockycliffsandwouldbebeatentodeathagainstthemiftheytriedtoapproachanycloser.Theyswamuntiltheynoticedsandnearbyaroundmidnightanddraggedthemselvesashore.Later,theSuskiweretreatedinhospital.Theylearnedthatthecaptainandthefirstmatewererescuedafterspendingnearly23hoursinthewater.4．Howmanypeoplewerethereonthefishingboatbeforeitsank?A．5. B．4.C．3. D．25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dire"inParagraph3mean?A．Awkward B．SeriousC．Perfect. D．Different6．WhatdoweknowabouttheSuskis?A．Theywererescuedbyahelicopter.B．Theysurvived23hoursinthewater.C．TheyswamovereightmilestotheshoreD．Theygotbackonlandassoonastheysawit.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheSuskis?A．Braveandcalm. B．StrongandsensitiveC．Optimisticandgenerous. D．Faithfulandcurious【答案】4．B5．B6．C7．A【解析】本文為記敘文。文章講解并描述了兩兄妹船上遇險，跳海自救的故事。4．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從文中可以看出，船上有captain，firstmate，以及theSuskis兄妹，一共四人。故選B。5．詞句揣測題。依據(jù)第三段起先的情景描述：“一架直升機(jī)出現(xiàn)在遠(yuǎn)處，但沒有人發(fā)覺他們。幾個小時過去了，太陽起先落山了。”由此可知，兄妹倆面臨的形勢特別嚴(yán)峻，因此推斷劃線詞與B項(xiàng)Serious意思相近。故選B。6．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的中間信息Theywereatleasteightmilesfromshore.可知，兄妹倆落水的時候離海岸至少8英里，在故事的最終他們勝利游到了岸上。由此推斷，他們游了8英里到達(dá)岸上。故選C。7．推理推斷題。依據(jù)文中描述可知，theSuskis臨危不亂，尋求朝氣，說明他們很有志氣。看到峭壁能辨別危急，找尋新的上岸機(jī)會，說明他們是鎮(zhèn)靜冷靜的。故選A。Whenyou'reateenyoustartbeingmoreawareofwhatotherpeoplethink.Thereseemstobea“right”thingtowear,orsay,ordo.Therealsoseemtobethingsthatyoushouldn’tdo-thingsthatcouldbeembarrassing,orloseyourpointswithfriends.Thiscanleadtosocialanxiety.Somekidsfeelsoanxiousthattheydevelopsomethingcalledsocialanxietydisorder(障礙),whichisdiagnosed(診斷)whenyouworrysomuchabouthowyouappeartoothersthatyoustopdoingthingsyouneedtoandwanttodoforfearofembarrassingyourself.Kidswithsocialanxietydisorderaren'tjustnervouswhenthey’reatpartiesorgivingaspeechinclass.Evensmallinteractions(互動),likeansweringaquestioninclassoreatingwithfriendsinthecafeteriacanfeelextremelyscarytokidswithsocialanxietydisorder.That'sbecausetheyfeartheymightaccidentallydosomethingembarrassingoroffensive,anditwillmakeothersjudgeorevenrejectthem.Andwhilekidswhoarejustshywillgraduallywarmuptonewpeopleandsituationsovertime,kidswithsocialanxietydon't.Shynessmightholdyoubacktosomedegreefromdoingthings,butitwon'tdeeplyinfluenceyourabilitytodoyourjobasateenager,whichistofunctioninschool,functioninyourfamily,andtohavefriendsandbeapartofyourpeer-relatedcommunity.Butsocialanxietywill.Manyteensexperienceanxietydisorders.Beingbraveandtellingsomeonehowyoufeelmightseemscary,butifyoucangetoverthatobstacle,someonewillwanttolisten.Askingforhelpcanbehard,butitreallyisimportant.8．Whatisthemaincauseofsocialanxiety?A．Lackoffriendship. B．One'sappearance.C．Schoolperformance. D．Other’sjudgment.9．Whoismostlikelytobediagnosedwithsocialanxiety?A．Alice,whoskipsschooltoavoidansweringquestionsinclass.B．David,whoalwaysthinkshecan'tdoaswellashisclassmates.C．Chris,whofeelsnervouseverytimehegivesaspeechinpublic.D．Jenny,whohasbeeninlowspiritssinceshefailedthelastexam.10．Socialanxietydisorderdiffersfromshynessinthat.A．itinfluencespeoplearoundyouB．itonlymakesyourgradessufferC．itgreatlyaffectsyournormallifeD．itisrelatedtoyourstudyorwork11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhatIsSocialAnxietyDisorderB．HowSocialFearRuinsRelationshipsC．WhyTeensSufferfromSocialAnxiety?D．WhenAnxietyDisordersGoUnnoticed【答案】8．D9．A10．C11．A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了青少年中普遍存在的社交焦慮癥的各種特征，并對此提出了建議。8．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“whenyouworrysomuchabouthowyouappeartoothersthatyoustopdoingthingsyouneedtoandwanttodoforfearofembarrassingyourself.”可知，當(dāng)你過于擔(dān)憂自己在別人眼中的形象，以至于因?yàn)槟懬?尷尬而停止做你須要做的、想做的事情時，你就會患上這種疾病。所以來自他人的看法看法是導(dǎo)致焦慮的主要緣由，故選D項(xiàng)。9．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Evensmallinteractions(互動),likeansweringaquestioninclassoreatingwithfriendsinthecafeteriacanfeelextremelyscarytokidswithsocialanxietydisorder”可知，對于患有社交焦慮癥的孩子來說，即使是很小的互動，比如在課堂上回答問題或與摯友在餐廳吃飯，也會讓他們感到極度恐驚，推斷出A項(xiàng)“不想在課堂上回答問題而逃學(xué)的Alice”最有可能被診斷為社交焦慮癥。故選A項(xiàng)。10．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章的倒數(shù)其次段“Shynessmightholdyoubacktosomedegreefromdoingthings,butitwon'tdeeplyinfluenceyourabilitytodoyourjob(羞澀可能會在某種程度上阻礙你做事，但它不會顯著影響你作為一個青少年的工作實(shí)力)”及最終一句“Butsocialanxietywill.(但社交恐驚癥會)”可知，社交恐驚癥與羞澀的不同之處在于，它會影響正常生活，所以C項(xiàng)“它極大地影響你的正常生活”正確。故選C項(xiàng)。11．主旨大意題。第一段最終一句“Thiscanleadtosocialanxiety.”表明本文主題，并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了社交恐驚癥的各種表現(xiàn)和特點(diǎn)。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“什么是社交焦慮癥”故選A項(xiàng)。Scientistsmayonedaybeabletodestroyvirusesinthesamewaythatoperasingersbreakwineglasses.Newresearchmathematicallydeterminedthefrequenciesatwhichsimplevirusescouldbeshakentodeath.Thecapsid(殼)ofavirusissomethingliketheshellofaturtle,saidphysicistOttoSankeyofArizonaStateUniversity.“Iftheshellcanbedamagedbymechanicalvibrations(振動),theviruscanbedestroyed.”Recentexperimentalevidencehasshownthatlaser(激光)pulseswiththerightfrequencycankillcertainviruses.However,locatingtheseresonant(共振的)frequenciesisabitoftrialanderror.Experimentsmusttryvariousconditions,Sankeysaid.Tofurtherthissearch,SankeyandhisstudentEricDykemanhavedevelopedawaytocalculatethevibrationsofeveryatominavirusshell.Fromthis,theycandeterminethelowestresonantfrequencies.Anexperimenthasrecentlyshownthatpulsesoflaserlightcancausedestructivevibrationsinvirusshells.Sankeysaid,“Likepushingachildonaswingfromrest,onesuddenpushgetsthevirusshaking.”However,itisdifficulttocalculatewhatsortofpushwillkillavirus,sincetherecanbemillionsofatomsinitsshellstructure.Adirectcalculationofeachatom’smovementswouldtakeseveralhundredthousandGigabytesofcomputermemory,Sankeyexplained.Theteamplanstousetheirtechniquetostudyother,morecomplicatedviruses.However,itisstillalongwayfromusingthistodestroythevirusesininfectedpeople.“Thisissuchanewfield,andtherearesofewexperimentsthatthesciencehasnotyethadenoughtimetoproveitself,”Sankeysaid.“Weremainhopefulbutremainskepticalatthesametime.”12．Whatisthenewwaytokillviruses?A．Replacingviruses’capsidswithshells.B．Breakingviruses’capsidsbyvibration.C．Locatingthepositionofcertainviruses.D．Damagingtheconditionsthatviruseslike.13．WhydoesSankeymention“pushingachildonaswing”inParagraph4?A．Toprovehowsimplethenewtheoryis.B．Toexplainhowtostartthevirusshaking.C．Tosuggesttheideacomesfromourreallife.D．Toshowthedestructivepowerofvibrations.14．Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theshellstructureofviruses.B．Thelackofcomputermemory.C．Thechallengingpartoftheresearch.D．Theimportanceofatoms’movement.15．WhatisSankey’sattitudetowardsthetheory?A．Disapproving. B．Worried.C．Uncaring. D．Positive.【答案】12．B13．B14．C15．D【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一種運(yùn)用確定的振動頻率來破壞病毒的全新方法。12．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的Thecapsid(殼)ofavirusissomethingliketheshellofaturtle和Iftheshellcanbedamagedbymechanicalvibrations(振動),theviruscanbedestroyed.可知，病毒有一層外殼，假如受到機(jī)械振動則可以將其破壞，病毒就可以毀滅。故選B。13．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句Likepushingachildonaswingfromrest，onesuddenpushgetsthevirusshaking.可知，就像從秋千上推孩子一樣，一個突然的推動就會讓病毒顫抖，因此推斷，Sankey是用類比的方式幫助讀者了解這種破壞病毒原理。故選B。14．主旨大意題。依據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知，由于病毒的外殼結(jié)構(gòu)中可能有數(shù)百萬個原子，因此很難計(jì)算出哪種推動會殺死病毒。干脆計(jì)算每個原子的運(yùn)動將須要消耗大量計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)存，因此本段主要講的是在這項(xiàng)探討中會遇到的主要問題。故選C。15．推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文的最終一段的Weremainhopefulbutremainskepticalatthesametime.(我們?nèi)耘f充溢希望，但同時保持懷疑)可知，Sankey對這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的將來是有信念的。故選D。閱讀理解【2025屆寧夏銀川一中高三下學(xué)期第五次模擬】GoingoutguideR&B:MelanieFionaKnownforsuchsongsas“ItKillsMe”and“ThisTime,”R&BsingerMelanieFionamadeherfirstmusicalalbum(唱片)in2009with“TheBridge”andfolloweditupwith“TheMFLife”in2012.Anewalbum,“NextTrain,”isplannedtodropthisyear.8pm,Feb.13.HowardTheatre.202-803-2899.$30—$59.99.Ballet:JohnCranko's“Romeo&Juliet”CelebratedSouthAfricanchoreographer(編舞者)JohnCrankocreatedthedanceinspiredbyShakespeare’sloverswithascorebySergeiProkofiev.TheproductionwasfirstperformedintheUnitedStatesin1969andreturnstotheKennedyCenterundertheartisticdirectionofJulieKent.Feb.14—18.KennedyGenter.202-467-4600.$25—$160.Exhibit(展覽):“BrandNew:ArtandCommodity(商品)inthe1980s”Thisexhibitshowsthecommodificationofartinthe1980s,whentrade,artandentertainmentbecameunclear.Theexhibitshowsworksby68artists,includingJeffKoons,BarbaraKrugerandJuliaWachtel.Feb.14throughMay13.HirshhornMuseumandSculptureGarden.202-633-1000.FreeR&B:Valentine'sLoveJamR&Eartistsareknownforsomeofourmostbeloved(寵愛的)lovesongs,andtheperformerslinedupforthisshowarenoexception.Singer-songwritersTyrese(“SweetLady”)andJoe(“IWannaKnow”)joinforceswithSWV(“Weak”),DruHill(“Beauty”)andNext(“Wifey”)forthisshow.8p.m.,Feb.17.EagleBankArena.703-493-4000.$59—$99.1．Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouareinterestedindance?A．703-493-4000. B．02-633-1000. C．202-467-4600. D．202-803-2899.2．Wherecanpeopleenjoyafreeshow?A．HirshhornMuseumandSculptureGarden. B．KennedyCenter.C．EagleBankArena. D．HowardTheatre.3．Whencanyouattendalovesongconcert?A．Feb.18. B．Feb.17. C．Feb.14. D．Feb.13.【答案】1．C2．A3．B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了近期一些藝術(shù)活動的信息。1．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由Ballet:JohnCranko'sRomeo&，Juliet以及其介紹內(nèi)容中的CelebratedSouthAfricanchoreographerJohnCrankocreatedthedanceinspiredbyShakespeare'sloverswithascorebySergeiProkofiev可知，該節(jié)目以芭蕾舞的形式演出。假如對舞蹈感愛好的話，可以撥打電話202-467-4600來了解節(jié)目詳情。故選C。2．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由Exhibit:“BrandNew:ArtandCommodityinthe1980s”中最終一句Feb.14throughMay13.HirshhornMuseumandSculptureGarden.202-633-1000.Free可知，觀眾可以免費(fèi)觀看此次展覽，展覽的地點(diǎn)是HirshhornMuseumandSculptureGarden。故選A。3．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由R&B:Valentine'sLoveJam介紹內(nèi)容中的R&Bartistsareknownforsomeofourmostbelovedlovesongs以及8pm,Feb.17可知，觀眾可以在2月17日傾聽節(jié)奏藍(lán)調(diào)歌手們的情歌演唱會。故選B。Myteacher，Mr.AugustJ.Bachmann，wasthemostinfluentialteacherIeverhad.Ihadgottenintotroubleinhisclass:Anotherstudenthadpushedmeforfun，andIbecameangryandbegantohithim.Mr.Bachmannstoppedthefight，butinsteadofsendingmetotheoffice，hesatmedownandaskedasimplequestion，“Penna，whyareyouwastingyourlife？Whyaren'tyougoingtocollege？”Ididn'tknowanythingaboutcollegesorscholarships.Noonehadeverconsideredthatafatherlessboyfromthepoorestneighborhoodhadafuture.Thatday，insteadofrushingoffforlunch，hestayedandexplainedpossibleeducationoptionstome.Attheendofourtalk，hesentmetoseeasecretarywhohadachildatastatecollege.Thiswasin1962atEmersonHighSchoolinUnionCity，NewJersey.Well，55yearshavepassed，andwhathaveIdonewiththeknowledgehegaveme？IgainedaPhDfromFordhamUniversitywhenIwasonly29.ItaughtEnglishandsocialstudiesandthenmovedupthechainofcommandfromteachertoprincipal(校長).I'vesatontheboardforMagnetSchoolsofAmericaandrepresentedthatorganizationattheUnitedNations.I'vewonanumberofgreateducationalawards.ButwherewouldIbeifatrulycaringteacherhadnottakenthetimeoutofhislunchperiodtospeaktome？Itwaswithoutquestiononlyhisconfidenceinmethathelpedmeforward.Ihaverepaidhiskindnesshundredsoftimesbyencouragingmisguidedyoungsterstoaimhigher.IfIhavesavedanychildren，itisbecauseofhim.IfIhavebeenasuccessfuleducator，itisbecauseIhadagreatrolemodelinMr.Bachmann.4．Thewriter________beforeMr.Bachmanntalkedtohim.A．wasanactiveboyB．wasanaimlessboyC．likedmakingtroublesinclassD．wouldgetpunishedbyhisteachers5．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMr.Bachmann?A．Fair. B．Confident. C．Inspiring. D．Humorous.6．HowdidMr.Bachmanninfluencethewriter?A．Hesetthewriterontherightpath.B．Hewasstrictwiththewriter.C．Hehelpedthewriterwithhisstudy.D．Hetriedtosetagoodexampletothewriter.7．Whatdoesthewriterthinkofhisachievement?A．Heisveryproudofhimself.B．Hefeelshiseffortgetspaidoffatlast.C．HeoweshisachievementtoMr.Bachmann.D．Hethinksitanhonortobeasuccessfuleducator.【答案】4．B5．C6．A7．C【解析】本文是記敘文。作者在文中記述了一位對自己有深遠(yuǎn)影響的老師。“我”在遇到我的老師Mr.Bachmann以前是一個沒有人關(guān)切、不求上進(jìn)的人，但Mr.Bachmann對我的教化，變更了“我”的一生，最終成為了一個勝利人士的故事。4．推理推斷題。由文章其次段“Ihadgottenintotroubleinhisclass:Anotherstudenthadpushedmeforfun,andIbecameangryandbegantohithim.”以及第三段“Ididn'tknowanythingaboutcollegesorscholarships.Noonehadeverconsideredthatafatherlessboyfromthepoorestneighborhoodhadafuture．”可知，我在遇見Mr.Bachmann之前沒有人關(guān)切過我，是一個無目標(biāo)、不求上進(jìn)的孩子。因此我對將來并沒有什么支配，而是漫無目的，故選B。5．推理推斷題。第三段“Thatday，insteadofrushingoffforlunch，hestayedandexplainedpossibleeducationoptionstome．Attheendofourtalk，hesentmetoseeasecretarywhohadachildatastatecollege．Thiswasin1962atEmersonHighSchoolinUnionCity，NewJersey”可以知道，他激勵我讓我看清自己的將來，他對“我”是有激勵性的，在文章中并沒看到巴赫曼老師的公允、自信以及幽默，因此A、B和D是錯誤的，故選C。6．推理推斷題。由其次“askedasimplequestion:"Penna,whyareyouwastingyourlife?Whyaren'tyougoingtocollege?”和第三段“Ididn'tknowanythingaboutcollegesorscholarships.Noonehadeverconsideredthatafatherlessboyfromthepoorestneighborhoodhadafuture….Attheendofourtalk，hesentmetoseeasecretarywhohadachildatastatecollege”可知，我原來的生活是沒有目標(biāo)、沒有將來的，而巴赫曼老師替我指出了正確的道路，故選A7．推理推斷題。由文章中最終一句話“IfIhavesavedanychildren，itisbecauseofhim.IfIhavebeenasuccessfuleducator，itisbecauseIhadagreatrolemodelinMr．Bachmann．”可知，我把我的勝利歸結(jié)為巴赫曼老師對我的激勵。故選CCatsmayhave“attachment(依戀)styles”thataresimilartothoseofpeople.Contrarytocats'originalreputation,mostcatsformdeep,closerelationshipswiththeirowners,researcherssay.Ateamofresearchersstudiedtherelationshipbetweentheownersandtheirkittensbyatypeofpsychologyexperiment.Theysetuparoom,whichisbareexceptforafewtoys.Theteaminstructedeachownertositinacircleoutlinedonthefloorinthemiddleoftheroomandignorehisorherkittenfortwominutes,notmakingeyecontactorspeakingunlessthecatsteppedinsidethecircle.Ownerswereallowedtointeract(互動)withtheirpetifthecatenteredthecircle.Then,theownerleftthecataloneintheroomfortwominutes,beforere-enteringandagainsittinginsidethecircle.Theresearcherstested79kittensandtheirownersandrecordedeachpair’sinteractionsoncamera.Basedonhowthecatreactedtotheirowner’sreturn,theresearchersbelieved70oftheparticipantshaveattachmentstyles.Thefindingsindicatethattheattachmentisprobablyabiologicalcharacteristicthatmayhaveevolved(進(jìn)化)toimprovesurvival.Toseeifaparticularkitten’sattachmentcouldchangewithtraining,39ofthekittenswerearrangedtojoinaspecialclassand31weren’t.Forsixweeksofclasses,thekittensthatattendedaspecialclasssocializedwithothercatsandunfamiliaradults,andlearnedhowtositorwalkonleash(皮帶).Butwhenallofthekittensrepeatedtheoriginalexperiment,veryfewswitchedattachmentstyles.Itprovesthattherelationshipformedbetweenahumanandacatisstableovertime,whichmeansthosefirstinteractionsareimportant,theresearcherssay.Theteamhopesthatunderstandinghowcatsbondwithhumanscouldhelpmorestray(無主的)catsbeadopted.8．Whatistheoriginalimpressionthatcatsmakeonpeopleaccordingtothetext?A．Indifferent. B．Close.C．Kind. D．Lazy.9．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theprocessoftheexperiment.B．Thetypeoftheexperiment.C．Theachievementsoftheteam.D．Theeffectoftheresearch.10．Whatdoesthetrainingclassessuggestaboutacat’sattachmenttohumans?A．Itchangeseasily.B．Itformsinsixweeks.C．Itlastsforalongtime.D．Itonlyshowstoitsowner.11．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abiologytextbook.B．Aresearchpaper.C．Ahealthmagazine.D．Atravelbrochure【答案】8．A9．A10．C11．B【解析】本文是說明文。探討人員說，與貓最初的名聲相反，大多數(shù)貓與它們的主子形成了深厚而親密的關(guān)系。8．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的Catsmayhave“attachment(依戀)styles”thataresimilartothoseofpeople.Contrarytocats'originalreputation,mostcatsformdeep,closerelationshipswiththeirowners,researcherssay.(貓可能有類似于人的“依戀”風(fēng)格。探討人員說，與貓最初的名聲相反，大多數(shù)貓與它們的主子形成了深厚而親密的關(guān)系)可推斷，貓給人們的最初的印象是不簡潔與人親近，是冷漠的。故選A。9．主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段的內(nèi)容可知，本段講解并描述了探討小組建立了一個小房間，除了幾個玩具外，光禿禿的，貓主子坐在一個圓圈里，忽視他們的小貓，除非它們進(jìn)入圓圈，然后離開，留下貓?jiān)诜块g里，然后再進(jìn)去坐在圓圈里。因此可知，本段講解并描述了試驗(yàn)的過程。故選A。10．推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的Itprovesthattherelationshipformedbetweenahumanandacatisstableovertime可知，探討人員說，這證明白人類和貓之間形成的關(guān)系隨著時間的推移是穩(wěn)定的。因此可知，貓對人類的依戀持續(xù)很長時間。故選C。11．推理推斷題。縱觀全文可知，本文主要講解并描述探討表明大多數(shù)貓與它們的主子形成了深厚而親密的關(guān)系，因此推斷這屬于探討報(bào)告。故選B。IfhumanseversettleonMars,theywillneedwater.Thereisjustoneproblemthereseemstobeonlyhugesheetsofice.Luckily,weknowhowtodrill(鉆孔）iceforwater.SuchmethodsarealreadyusedinAntarctica,andresearchersnowthinktheycouldgetthemtoworkontheRedPlanet,too.TheatmosphereofMarsistoodrytomakeextractingwatervapourfromitpossible.Soiceseemsthebestbet.Buttheobviousicesheetsareintheunlivablepolaricecapsandwouldbedifficulttoreachfordrilling.However,in2024,attheedgeofthecliffs,NASA'sMarsReconnaissanceOrbiterspottedrelativelyaccessiblewatericethatisprobablyatleast130metresthickandcoveredinjustafewmetresofrockanddust.Thesemaybethebestplacetogetthewaterneededforfutureexplorationoftheplanet.ThedrillingtechniquesneededhavealreadybeendevelopedforcoldareasonEarthwhereweneedtomeltburiediceforwater.Intheearly1960stheUSArmyusedatypeofsubsurfacereservoir(水庫)calledRodWell,inarmycampsinGreenland.Themethodworksbydrillingthroughthegroundintotheice,meltingtheicetocreateapool,andthenpumpingwaterup.Bysupplyingheatcontinuously,theycreateareservoirandasteadywatersupply.IthasbeenusedinremoteareassuchastheAmundsen-ScottSouthPoleStationStephenHoffmanattheAerospaceCorporationinTexasandhiscolleaguessimulated(模擬)howaRodWellwoulddoonMars.Theyfoundthatwiththepowerof9kilowatts(千瓦)tomeltice,itcouldintheoryproduceabout380litresofwatereachdayandmaintainareservoirofconstantsizeatthebottomofaborehole(鉆孔).ThatisclosetotheaveragedailywateruseeachpersonintheUS,butabout10timeswhateachastronautontheInternationalSpaceStationusesdaily.12．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"extracting"inthefirstparagraph?A．obtaining B．protectingC．Preventing D．choosing13．WhydoestheauthormentiontheRodWellinParagraph3?A．ToexplainhowwatericeisdrilledonMars.B．Totellaboutthehistoryofwatericedrillingtechniques.C．ToprovetheimportanceofwatericedrillingtechniquesD．ToshowtechniquesfordrillingwaterwellsinMartianiceexist.14．Onaverage,howmuchwaterdoesanastronautontheInternationalSpaceStationusedaily?A．10litres B．38litresC．160litres D．380litres15．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．PreparingtosettleontheRedPlanetoneday.B．FindingwaterontheRedPlanetforsurvival.C．UsingsomewaystocreatealivableenvironmentonMars.D．DrillingwaterwellsinMartianicetosurviveonMars.【答案】12．A13．D14．B15．D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章告知我們假如人類要在火星上生存可以通過人類現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)在火星巨大的冰層上鉆冰取水。12．詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第一段TheatmosphereofMarsistoodrytomakeextractingwatervapourfromitpossible（火星的大氣層太干燥，無法從其中_____水蒸氣）可知，依據(jù)劃線前提到了火星的大氣層太干燥可推出從大氣層“獲得”水蒸氣是不行能的。A.obtaining獲得；B.protecting愛護(hù)；C.preventing阻擋；D.choosing選擇。故選A項(xiàng)。13．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段ThedrillingtechniquesneededhavealreadybeendevelopedforcoldareasonEarthwhereweneedtomeltburiediceforwater.Intheearly1960stheUSArmyusedatypeofsubsurfacereservoircalledRodWell,inarmycampsinGreenland（在地球上寒冷的地區(qū)，我們須要溶化地下的冰以獲得水，而所需的鉆探技術(shù)已經(jīng)開發(fā)出來。在20世紀(jì)60年頭早期，美國軍隊(duì)在格陵蘭的軍營中運(yùn)用了一種叫做RodWell的地下水庫）可知溶化地下冰已獲得水的技術(shù)已經(jīng)開發(fā)出來了。文章第一段中提及人類是無法從火星的大氣層中獲得水的，只能從巨大的冰層中鉆冰取水。第三段告知我們鉆冰取水的技術(shù)已經(jīng)有了，將來可用于火星開發(fā)中。故選D項(xiàng)。14．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段Theyfoundthatwiththepowerof9kilowatts（千瓦）tomeltice,itcouldintheoryproduceabout380litersofwatereachdayandmaintainareservoirofconstantsizeatthebottomofaborehole(鉆孔）.ThatisclosetotheaveragedailywateruseeachpersonintheUS,butabout10timeswhateachastronautontheInternationalSpaceStationusesdaily.他們發(fā)覺，用9千瓦的能量溶化冰，理論上每天可以產(chǎn)生380升的水，并在一個鉆孔底部維持一個恒定大小的蓄水池。這接近于美國人均日用水量，但大約是國際空間站每位宇航員日用水量的10倍）可知，美國人均日用水量是380升的水，這個用水量是每位宇航員日用水量的10倍。因此可以算出宇航員日用水量38升左右。故選B項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段IfhumanseversettleonMars,theywillneedwater.Thereisjustoneproblemthereseemstobeonlyhugesheetsofice.Luckily,weknowhowtodrilliceforwater.SuchmethodsarealreadyusedinAntarctica,andresearchersnowthinktheycouldgetthemtoworkontheRedPlanet,too.（假如人類在火星定居，他們將須要水。只有一個問題——這里似乎只有巨大的冰層。幸運(yùn)的是，我們知道如何鉆冰取水。這種方法已經(jīng)在南極洲運(yùn)用，探討人員現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為他們也可以在這顆紅色星球上運(yùn)用）可知，假如人類要在火星上生存可以通過人類現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)在火星巨大的冰層上鉆冰取水。在文章其次段提到，在火星上找到了可被人類利用的冰。文章第三段提到了現(xiàn)有的“鉆冰取水”的技術(shù)。綜合分析，故選D項(xiàng)。閱讀理解【2025屆四川省天府名校高三5月教學(xué)質(zhì)量聯(lián)合測評】IslandLobster(龍蝦)CompanyOpenOwnersKatieandThomWerneropenedIslandLobsterCompanyearlierthisweek.It’slocatedonPeaksIslandinthespaceformerlyoccupiedbyPeaksIslandHouse.The64-seatestablishmentisatrap-to-tablerestaurant.TheWernersareservinglobstersthatthey’retrappedandhauledinwiththeirownboat.Youcanseeacopyoftheirmenuontheirwebsite.CoalsPizzaOpensTodayCoalsPizzaisscheduledtoopentodayat5pm.Coalsislocatedat114PrebleStreetintheformerPortland&Rochesterspace.ThisisCoals’onlylocationoutsideofNewYork.Theyspecializeingrilledpizza.Youcanseetheirfullmenuonline.Luke’sLobsterTheseafoodspot,whichwillsoftopenfordinneronWednesday,isamajormilestoneforthelobstercompanythatfirstlaunchedinManhattanin2009.StartedbyCapeElizabethnativeLukeHolden,Luke’sLobsterdebutedinNewYorkCity’sEastVillage,andwentontomakeitsmarkin10citiesacrosstheU.S.—plusJapanandChina.UnderConstruction:TwistAnewfoodtruckcalledTwistisunderdevelopmentTwistisacollaborationbetweenMelissaLombardi,aformermanageratWoodfordF&BandDanZarin,thelongtimewriteroftheBreakfastSerialcolumn.Twistwillbeservingcustomizedicecreamandshakesmadetoorder.1．WhatisspecialinIslandLobsterCompany?A．Itservesfreshlycaughtlobsters. B．ItistheonlylocationoutsideofNewYork.C．Itisamilestonefor