Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會意1．pyramidn．金字塔2．canaln．運河3．tropicaladj.來自熱帶的；產于熱帶的4．cyclonen．氣旋；旋風5．megadroughtn．超級干旱6．downfalln．衰敗7．getawayn．逃跑，逃走8．subduev．克制，抑制(情緒)9．theunknown不為人知的地方，人類尚未到達的地方10．unchartedadj.地圖上沒有標明的11．delvev．探索，探究12．shipwreckn．失事的船；沉船13．archaeologicaladj.考古學的；考古的14．coraln．珊瑚15．millimetren．毫米16．barreleyen．管眼魚17．upwardsadv.向上，朝上18．trenchn．海溝19．equivalentadj.等同的；等值的；相當的20．stackv．(使)整齊地堆起；摞起21．furthermoreadv.此外；而且；不僅如此22．vesseln．船；艦23．vol(＝volume)n．(書的)卷，冊Ⅱ.重點單詞——記形1．intriguev．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的興趣，引起……的好奇心2．buryv．將……埋在下面3．ruinn．殘垣斷壁，廢墟4．dismissv．拒絕考慮，否定5．retreatv．后退；離開；退避6．shrinkv．退縮，畏縮7．substancen．物質Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．civilisationn．文明(社會)→civilisev．使文明；使有教養→civilisedadj.文明的2．astronomyn．天文學→astronautn．宇航員3．abandonv．離棄，逃離→abandonedadj.被拋棄的；廢棄的4．expansionn．擴大；增加→expandv．擴大；增加5．investigationn．調查→investigatev．調查；研究6．notableadj.顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的→notev．注意；特別提到7．drillingn．鉆探；勘探→drillv．鉆孔；打眼；操練1．glamorous/'ɡl?m?r?s/adj.有魅力的；富于刺激的；獨特的2．analytical/??n?'lItIkl/adj.(科學)分析的；頭腦周密的3．signature/'sIɡn?t??(r)/n．簽名；簽署；明顯特征4．enforcement/In'f??sm?nt/n．(強制)執行；強迫5．discard/dIs'kɑ?d/vt.扔掉；拋棄6．exceedingly/Ik'si?dI?li/adv.極其；非常7．relentless/rI'lentl?s/adj.不停的；不放棄的；無情的8．retrieve/rI'tri?v/vt.取回；索回；檢索(數據)9．shove/??v/vi.&vt.猛推；推擠shove(sth)through將某物用力塞進10．conceal/k?n'si?l/vt.隱瞞；掩蓋Ⅳ.背核心短語1．fallintoruin(因無人照料而)衰落，敗落2．makeagetaway逃跑，逃走3．runforone’slife逃命4．checkout調查，檢查5．testthewaters試水，試探6．steerclearof避開……；從……處脫身7．setout動身踏上(漫長的)旅途8．throwoneselfinto積極投入到……中去9．thinktwice再三考慮，慎重考慮10．shrinkfrom避免做，不愿做11．lookinto調查(問題)12．correspondto與……相符/一致13．apply...to...把……應用于……14．ontopof除……之外(還)15．atsomething’speak達到頂峰16．offerawindowinto提供了解……的一個窗口/渠道17．beyondthereachof超出……的能力范圍Ⅴ.悟經典句式1．Itcontainedmorethan800characters，withsomesignsrepresentinganimals，peopleandobjectsandothersrepresentingsyllables.(with復合結構)它包含800多個字符，一些符號代表動物、人和物體，另一些符號代表音節。2．ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitivemakesitsachievementsallthemoreincredibleandmysterious.(that引導同位語從句)瑪雅社會的科技水平十分原始，這一事實使得它的種種成就更加令人難以置信、神秘莫測。3．Meanwhile，theriseandfallofthiscivilisationmustalsoleaveusthinkingaboutourownpast，presentandfuture.(leave＋賓語＋賓補)同時，瑪雅文明的崛起與衰落必定也讓我們思考我們自己的過去、現在與將來。4．Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimatedthreemillionshipwrecks.(完全倒裝)全球水域下大約沉睡著三百萬艘沉船殘骸。5．Furthermore，theoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresources，someofwhicharecompletelynewtous.(“代詞＋介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句)此外，海洋還包含著珍貴的自然資源，其中一些對我們來說完全是新的資源。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共15分)1．pyramidn．金字塔2．canaln．運河3．tropicaladj.來自熱帶的；產于熱帶的4．downfalln．衰敗5．getawayn．逃跑，逃走6．subduev．克制，抑制(情緒)7．shipwreckn．失事的船；沉船8．archaeologicaladj.考古學的；考古的9．unchartedadj.地圖上沒有標明的10．equivalentadj.等同的；等值的；相當的11．furthermoreadv.此外；而且；不僅如此12．delvev．探索，探究13．upwardsadv.向上，朝上14．theunknown不為人知的地方，人類尚未到達的地方15．coraln．珊瑚Ⅱ.重點單詞(每小題2分，共12分)1．intriguev．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的興趣，引起……的好奇心2．buryv．將……埋在下面3．ruinn．殘垣斷壁，廢墟4．dismissv．拒絕考慮，否定5．retreatv．后退；離開；退避6．shrinkv．退縮，畏縮Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．civilisationn．文明(社會)→civilisev．使文明；使有教養→civilisedadj.文明的2．abandonv．離棄，逃離→abandonedadj.被拋棄的；廢棄的3．drillingn．鉆探；勘探→drillv．鉆孔；打眼；操練4．expansionn．擴大；增加→expandv．擴大；增加5．notableadj.顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的→notev．注意；特別提到Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．analyticaladj.(科學)分析的；頭腦周密的2．enforcementn．(強制)執行；強迫3．discardvt.扔掉；拋棄4．concealvt.隱瞞；掩蓋5．signaturen．簽名；簽署；明顯特征Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共16分)1．makeagetaway逃跑，逃走2．runforone’slife逃命3．checkout調查，檢查4．thinktwice再三考慮，慎重考慮5．correspondto與……相符/一致6．apply...to...把……應用于……7．steerclearof避開……；從……處脫身8．ontopof除……之外(還)Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題3分，共12分)1．Expertswentthere，investigatedtheissueandconductedtests，whichmightpushtheinvestigationandcontributetothesolutiontotheproblem.(investigate)2．Hisworkmatesnotedthathemadenotablecontributionstothecommunity.(note)3．Moreandmoreastronautstravelinspaceandtheirworkfuelstheadvancesanddevelopmentinastronomy.(astronaut)4．Thepeoplethereabandonedthecity.Thentheabandonedcitygraduallyfellintoruin.(abandon)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(fallintoruin，setout，throwoneselfinto，shrinkfrom，lookinto)1．Sinceherhusbanddied，she’sthrownherselfintoherwritingcareer.2．Uponarrivingathome，theboysetouttohelphismothercleantheroom.3．Weareproudthatnomatterhowbigthedifficultiesaheadare，we’llnevershrinkfromthem.4．Thepolicearelookingforsomeusefulcluesoftheaccidentsothattheycanlookintothematterfurther.5．Shewentthroughaperiodofemotionaladjustmentafterhercompanyfellintoruinsandfinallydecidedtofindanewjob.Ⅲ.經典句型仿寫(每小題3分，共15分)1．他們提倡簡單的生活，強調努力工作、家庭和社區。(with復合結構)Theyadvocateasimplelifewithanemphasisonhardwork，family，andcommunity.2．這些寶藏已被送往大英博物館，其中有一些是失而復得的。(“代詞＋介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句)Thetreasures，someofwhichhavebeenrecovered，havebeensenttotheBritishMuseum.3．出席晚會的有我們最喜歡的英語老師。(完全倒裝)PresentattheeveningpartywasourfavoriteEnglishteacher.4．他的計劃被認為毫無用處，這使他感到沮喪和氣餒。(leave＋賓語＋賓補)Hisplanwasdismissedasuseless，leavinghimfrustratedanddiscouraged.5．很多專家持有相同的觀點——教師的發展是更優質教育的關鍵所在。(that引導同位語從句)Manyexpertsholdthesameviewthatteachers’developmentiswhatthekeytobettereducationliesin.Whiledivinginthedeepwatersofatrench，somedivershappenedtofindawholecity1.buried(bury)beneaththewavesaswellasashipwreck2.which/thatwasfullofcorals.This3.discovery(discover)intriguedsomearchaeologists.They4.immediately(immediate)threwthemselvesintostudyingthehistoryofthecityand5.howitfellintoruin.Inthemiddleoftheinvestigation，theysuddenlyfoundsome6.mysterious(mystery)creaturesswimmingaroundthem.Theysubduedtheirfearand7.continued(continue)theirinvestigation.Butwiththeexpansionofthenumberofthesestrangecreatures，theyrealizedanotableproblem—8.itwasnotsafetocontinuestayinginthewater.Afterthinking9.twice(two)，theydecidedtostop10.delving(delve)deeperandabandonthecityaswellastheship，retreatandmakeagetaway.Afterall，lifeisthemostimportant.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯buryv．把……埋在下面；埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆蓋；隱藏buryoneselfin埋頭于；專心于beburiedin專心于；被埋在……buryone’sfaceinone’shands雙手掩面(1)那個小女孩雙手掩面，大聲地對全班同學叫道：“沒人愛我。”①Thatlittlegirlburiedherfaceinherhandsandsaidloudenoughfortheclasstohear，“Nobodylovesme.”②Buryingherfaceinherhands，thatlittlegirlsaidloudenoughfortheclasstohear，“Nobodylovesme.”(用分詞短語作狀語改寫)(2)(2021·新課標Ⅰ，應用文寫作)我每天專心讀英文報并獲得了豐富多彩的知識。①Iburymyselfin/amburiedinreadingtheEnglishnewspapereverydayandIhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.②Buryingmyselfin/BuriedinreadingtheEnglishnewspapereveryday，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(用分詞短語作狀語改寫)ruinn．毀壞；破產；(pl.)廢墟；斷壁殘垣v．毀壞；使破產·inruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪；崩潰，垮掉come/fallintoruin(因缺乏照料而)衰落，敗落bring...toruin使……失敗；使……毀壞·ruinoneself毀掉自己(1)Carlcaresaboutnothingandhedoesn’tdismissthathehasmadethefarmfallintoruin.(2)突如其來的地震把我們的城市毀了。看到我們的城市變成廢墟，我們雙手掩面，痛哭起來。Theunexpectedearthquakeruinedourcity/broughtourcitytoruin.Seeingourcityinruins，weburiedourfacesinourhands，burstingintotears.(3)玩電腦游戲太久幾乎毀了我自己，我已經下定決心要擺脫它。PlayingcomputergamesfortoolonghasnearlyruinedmyselfandIhavemadeupmymindtogetridofit.abandonv．放棄；遺棄，拋棄，離棄；逃離；(使)沉湎于n．放任；放縱(abandonedadj.被拋棄的；廢棄的；放縱的)·abandononeselfto陷入；沉溺于abandondoing...放棄做……·withabandon盡情地，放縱地·beabandonedto沉湎于……(1)Hisparentsurgedhimtoabandonplaying(play)computergamesandthrowhimselfintohislessons.(2)(讀后續寫之情感描寫)我們放縱地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘卻了生活中的煩惱。Wesang，danced，andlaughedwithabandon，forgettingthetroublesinourlives.(3)我沉迷于網上聊天。我期末考試考得很差。①Iabandonedmyselfto/wasabandonedtochattingonline.Iperformedbadlyintheend-of-termexamination.②Abandoningmyselfto/Abandonedtochattingonline，Iperformedbadlyintheend-of-termexamination.(用分詞短語作狀語改寫)setout出發；動身踏上(漫長的)旅途setdown放下；記下；登記；讓……下車setaside留出；把……放置一旁；暫時不考慮；撤銷setoff出發；引起；點燃setup建立；準備；安排setaboutdoingsth著手做某事setouttodosth著手做某事(1)Moreover，withthestadiumsetup，awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld.(2)(應用文寫作之活動安排)我們學校呼吁學生每天留出至少一小時的時間去鍛煉身體以提高學習效率。Ourschoolappealstothestudentstosetasideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertoimprovelearningefficiency.(3)(應用文寫作之口頭通知)請注意！我們將于周日上午8點在學校門口出發去養老院，一到那里，我們就打算著手幫助老人。此外，在下午5點，我們計劃回到我們的學校，寫下我們在一天中所經歷的事情。Attention，please！We’llsetoff/outforthenursinghouseat8amonSundayattheschoolgateandtheinstantwearrivethere，wehavetheintentionofsettingabouthelping/settingouttohelptheelderly.Futhermore，at5pmweplantoreturntoourschool，settingdownwhatwehaveexperiencedduringtheday.完全倒裝Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimatedthreemillionshipwrecks.全球水域下大約沉睡著三百萬艘沉船殘骸。常用完全倒裝的幾種情況：·作表語的分詞短語、形容詞提到系動詞前面時；·表示方位、地點和時間的副詞置于句首，且主語是名詞時；·表示地點的介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞時；·代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語時。(1)WhenIwaslookingatthedoor，incame(come)agirl，wearingawhiteskirt.(2)(2023·浙江1月，讀后續寫)Inthespiderwebswas(be)ahummingbird，strugglingtoescapeandIfreeditwithgreatcare.(3)在這些收藏品中有一些精美的中國花瓶，吸引著來自全世界的游客。AmongthecollectionsaresomedelicateChinesevases，whichappealtovisitorsfromallovertheworld.(4)(話題寫作之人物介紹)這就是我的叔叔，一個熱心而慷慨的人，他總是準備幫助在困難中的其他人。Suchismyuncle，awarm-heartedandgenerousperson，whoisalwaysreadytohelpothersintrouble.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．checkoutA．調查；了解……的情況B．檢查C．結賬離開(1)Theengineercheckedoutallthemachinesbeforetheywereputtouse.B(2)Accordingtoregulationsofthishotel，guestsshouldcheckoutoftheirroomsbynoon.C(3)We’llhavetocheckhimoutbeforeweemployhim.A2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)Mysweatershrankinthewash.縮水(2)Dismissingherfears，sheclimbedhigher.去除Ⅱ.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識1．Toeveryone’sfrustrationandsorrow，theterribleearthquakemadethewholecityinruins.2．Lyingonthefloorare(be)twoboysdismissedasdishonestowingtobeingsuspectedoftheft.3．Thepolicehaveinterferedwiththecomplaint，andnowtheyarelookingintoitinthehopeofsolvingitsoon.4．Buried(bury)inthenewspaper，shedidn’tnoticeathiefstealherpurse.5．Abandoning(abandon)himselftoalcohol，themanbarelymadeendsmeetandwentintodebt.6.Thereby，don’tleavethewaterrunning(run)whenyoubrushyourteeth，whichcansavemuchwater.7．Despitebeingdizzy，thehard-workingchairwomanstillsetouttowrite(write)asalesreport.假如你是市博物館的志愿者李華，你向來自美國的交換生介紹恐龍滅絕的原因。對于恐龍滅絕的原因，眾說紛紜，其中有三種說法最為可信，它們是氣候突變、大陸漂移和物種斗爭。完成句子1．在所有關于恐龍滅絕原因的不同觀點中有三個較可靠的觀點。(完全倒裝)2．地球氣候的突然變化使它們毀滅，恐龍因嚴寒而被活活凍死。(bring...toruin)3．根據一些考古學家的記載，大陸漂移使陸地變成了海洋，但是恐龍不會游泳。(setdown；what引導的賓語從句)4．新物種——恐龍的天敵——出現了，它們肆無忌憚地吃恐龍蛋，使恐龍無法繁殖后代。(withabandon；現在分詞短語作狀語)5．隨著時間的流逝，恐龍的尸體被埋在地下，成為化石，因而人類可以研究它們是如何產生和從地球上消失的。(with復合結構；bury；sothat)組句成篇把以上句子用適當的過渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文Hello，everyone！Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtointroducehowdinosaursbecameextinct.Amongallthedifferentopinionsonthereasonsfortheextinctionofdinosaursarethreerelativelyreliableones.Firstly，thesuddenchangeoftheearth’sclimatebroughtthemtoruinanddinosaurswerefrozentodeathaliveduetotheseverecold.Secondly，accordingtowhatsomearchaeologistssetdown，thecontinentdriftsmadethelandbecometheoceanbutdinosaurscouldn’tswim.Thirdly，newspecies，dinosaurs’naturalenemies，emergedandatedinosaureggswithabandon，makingitimpossiblefordinosaurstoreproducetheirbabies.Withtimegoingby，thebodiesofdinosaursareburiedinthegroundandbecomefossilssothathumanbeingscanstudyhowtheycameintobeinganddisappearedfromtheplanet.That’sall.Thankyouforyourlistening.教材語料整合亮詞[動作描寫]abandon；runforone’slife；makeagetaway；subdue；steerclearof；retreat；setout；throwoneselfinto；lookinto；shrink[環境描寫]pyramid；canal；megadrought；ruin；theunknown；uncharted；coral；trench；vessel美句1.TheMaya’sunderstandingofmathematicsandastronomywasalsoquiteamazing.(情感描寫)2．Inthesewaters，morethan200metresdeep，wherelightcannotreach，areextraordinarycreaturesthatappearasiftheyarestraightoutofsciencefiction.(比喻句)拓展語料積累主題語境結尾升華技巧：成長類寫好成長類的讀后續寫通常有三個步驟：第一步，成長前的苦惱(負面情緒塑造)；第二步，成長過程(蛻變塑造)；第三步，成長后的升華(喜悅＋感激＋升華)。這類主題的升華訣竅如下：訣竅一：因學習知識而成長Astheoldsayinggoes，it’snevertoolatetolearn.Eachindividualhasaccesstomorechallengesandmakemoreprogressthroughgreatefforts.正如那句老話所說，活到老，學到老。每個人都有機會遇到更多的挑戰，通過努力取得更大的進步。訣竅二：因發現天賦而成長Onlybyfindingyourowntalentandmakingmoreeffortscanyoumakemiraclesintheend.只有找到自己的天賦，付出更多的努力，你才能最終創造奇跡。訣竅三：因追求夢想而成長Onlyifwearebraveenoughtopursueourdreamscanwerealizewhatwearelookingforwardto.只有我們勇敢地去追求我們的夢想，我們才能實現我們所期待的。訣竅四：因克服恐懼而成長Ittakesdeterminationandoptimismtoconquerourinnerfearandturnourgoalsintoreality.要克服我們內心的恐懼，把我們的目標變成現實，就需要決心和樂觀。訣竅五：因克服自卑而成長IcrackedasmileasIwasfinallyawareoftherealsourceofconfidence.Atpresent，ItakeprideofwhatIlikebecauseIhaverealizedthatitisyourpersonalitythatdetermineswhoyoutrulyare.我笑了，因為我終于意識到自信的真正來源。現在，我為我喜歡的東西感到驕傲，因為我意識到，是你的個性決定了你是誰。訣竅六：因戰勝困難而成長Neveristhejourneytosuccesssmooth.Itisfilledwithchallengesanddifficulties.Weoughttobecourageousenoughtofacethem.Aslongaswedon’tquitandsparenoefforttogetoverhardships，wewilldefinitelyachieveourambitions.成功之路無坦途。它充滿了挑戰和困難。我們應該勇敢地面對它們。只要我們不放棄，不遺余力地克服困難，我們一定會實現我們的抱負。訣竅七：因戰勝消極而成長Ican’temphasizetheimportanceofapositiveattitudetoomuch.Neithercanwechangeourpastnorcanwechangefacts.Butwhatwecandoisholdapositiveattitude.我再怎么強調積極態度的重要性也不為過。我們既不能改變過去，也不能改變事實。但我們能做的就是保持積極的態度。語料運用深海探險Ihavebeenthrowingmyselfintoreadingawesomeunderseaadventurestories，dreamingofbecomingadeep-seaexplorer.Oncethemaincharacterscameacrossdifficulties，neitherwouldtheyretreat①norwouldtheyrunfortheirlivesassoonaspossible(倒裝句)．Instead，theytriedtheirbesttolookintothemysteriousdeepsea.Innowaywouldthey②abandonexploringthecolorfuldeepsea.Unlesstheywereattheriskoflosingtheirlives，theywouldn’tretreat.Fromthestories，③Iamawarethatneveristhejourneytosuccesssmooth.Itisfilledwithchallengesanddifficulties.Weoughttobecourageousenoughtofacethem.④Aslongaswedon’tquitandsparenoefforttogetoverhardships，wewilldefinitelyachieveourambitions(主題升華句)．IbelievethatwithstrongdeterminationIcanbecomeadeep-seaexplorer.我一直沉迷于閱讀精彩的海底冒險故事，夢想著成為一名深海探險家。一旦主人公們遇到困難，他們既不會退縮，也不會盡快逃命。相反，他們盡了最大的努力去探索神秘的深海。他們絕不會放棄探索多彩的深海。除非遇到生命危險，否則他們是不會撤退的。從這些故事中，我知道通往成功的道路永遠不會平坦。它充滿了挑戰和困難。我們應該勇敢地面對它們。只要我們不放棄，不遺余力地克服困難，我們一定會實現我們的抱負。我相信，有了堅定的決心，我可以成為一名深海探險家。高考題型組合練41提示：帶★的文章和單元主題相關Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·新課標Ⅱ，A)YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark，andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogramsthissummer.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail(小徑)，camping，orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad，thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)KidscantesttheirskillsandcomparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslongasyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCenter.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)Fromaclassicviewpoint，enjoyLowerFalls，theYellowstoneRiver，andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峽谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles：meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance：meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.語篇解讀本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了黃石國家公園提供的四個護林員項目。1．Whichofthefourprogramsbeginstheearliest?A．PhotographyWorkshops.B．JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.C．CanyonTalksatArtistPoint.D．ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.答案D解析細節理解題。根據每個項目后的時間可知，四個項目中在黃石體驗野生動物的項目開始的時間最早。故選D。2．WhatistheshorttalkatArtistPointabout?A．Worksoffamousartists.B．Protectionofwildanimals.C．Basicphotographyskills.D．Historyofthecanyonarea.答案D解析細節理解題。根據“CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)”部分中的“Fromaclassicviewpoint，enjoyLowerFalls，theYellowstoneRiver，andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峽谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.”可知，在ArtistPoint簡短演講的主題是關于峽谷地區的歷史的。故選D。3．WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A．ArtistPoint.B．WashburnTrailhead.C．CanyonVillageStore.D．VisitorEducationCenter.答案B解析細節理解題。根據“PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)”部分中的“7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance：meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.”可知，7月10日的攝影研討會將在WashburnTrailhead舉行。故選B。B(★)TheruinsofahugeMayacityhavebeendiscoveredinGuatemalawiththehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR，accordingtotheNationalGeographiconThursday.ThisbreakthroughwaspossiblethankstoLiDARsensors，whichcansurveylandscapesin3Dbyreflectinglaserpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers.LiDARisexceptionallyusefulfordetectingarcheologicalsites(考古遺址)，asitgetsthroughjunglesandotherfeaturesthatholdupexplorationontheground.Thetechniquehasbeentheactivator(催化劑)ofmanydiscoveriesinrecentyears.Forinstance，majorfindsatAngkor，CambodiaandCaracol，Belizecanexplainwhatitdid.ThislargelostcityenvelopssiteslikeTikal，Holmul，andWitzna—knownfortheirpyramids—butshowsthatthesefamousheritageareasarethetipoftheicebergofthislosturbannetwork.HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReserve，morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes，canals，highways，someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard—havebeenidentifiedbyaninternationalcooperationofresearchersheadedbythePACUNAMFoundation，aMayaculturalandnaturalheritageorganization.ThosehaveexpertsrethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaempire.Theseancientpeoplesobviouslyestablishedtheseimaginativeculturesbasedontheirknownrelics，butthenewresearchhasshownthatthescaleofthislostsocietyisfarbeyondwhatexpertshadimagined.Thefindingswillbeexploredinanhour-longdocumentarycalledLostTreasuresoftheMayaSnakeKings，premiering(首映)Tuesday，February6ontheNationalGeographicChannel.“Thereareentirecitieswedidn’tknowaboutnowshowingupinthesurveydata，”saidFranciscoBelli，oneoftheleadarcheologistsontheproject.“Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiestherethatwedon’tknowabout，andwewillpushthefrontiers，”headded.語篇解讀這是一篇新聞報道，主要講述了考古學家們利用LiDAR技術，在危地馬拉發現了一處巨大的瑪雅城市遺址。4．WhatcanweknowaboutLiDAR?A．It’sabreakthroughinarcheology.B．It’smajorequipmentinairforces.C．ItwasfirstusedindiscoveringaMayacity.D．It’saremotesensingtechniqueusinglaserpulses.答案D解析細節理解題。根據第一段中的“withthehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR”和第二段中的“whichcansurveylandscapesin3Dbyreflectinglaserpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers”可知，LiDAR是一項使用激光脈沖的遙感技術。故選D。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Those”inparagraph4referto?A．ThejunglesoftheReserve.B．TheoutlinesoftheMayaempire.C．Theresearchersoftheorganization.D．Theman-madeprojectsoftheReserve.答案D解析代詞指代題。根據第四段“Hidden...，morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes，canals，highways，someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard—havebeenidentifiedby...”可知，畫線代詞Those指的是前文中提到的“瑪雅生物保護區的6萬多項人造工程”。故選D。6．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheMayaempire?A．Famousanddangerous.B．Vastandhighlydeveloped.C．Mountainousandaggressive.D．Enormousandtraditional.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據第三段“Thislargelostcityenvelopssites...butshowsthatthesefamousheritageareasarethetipoftheiceberg...”和第四段“HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReserve...someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard...rethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaempire.”可知，瑪雅帝國疆域遼闊，且高度發達。故選B。7．Whatdoarcheologistshopetodonext?A．RestudythehistoryofMaya.B．UsetheLiDARsensorsasusual.C．Continuetoexploretheunknown.D．Studythedocumentarymorecarefully.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“‘Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiestherethatwedon’tknowabout，andwewillpushthefrontiers，’headded.”可知，考古人員將繼續探索發掘未知的瑪雅遺跡。故選C。C(★)Satellitesarealreadyinuseforsomanypurposestoday—fromweatherforecastingtocommunications，GPS，andmore.Sincethelate1970s，satellitessuchastheEuropeanSpaceAgency’s(ESA)CryoSat-2andtheUSSpaceAgency’sICESat-2，havealsobeenusedtomonitorchangesintheArcticseaice.Datasuggeststhatseaiceisthinningovertimeduetoclimatechange.Overthelast40years，theextentofArcticicecoverhasbeendecliningatarateof13%perdecade.However，existingwaysofmeasurementdonotprovideaclearandcontinuouspictureofthestateofseaice.Thesesatellitesusespecialradarorlaser-basedaltimeterinstruments(雷達或激光測高儀)．Seaicethicknessisthencalculatedasthedifferencebetweentheheightoftheiceandthetopofthewater(icelevel－sealevel)．Thismethodworkswellduringthewintermonths.Unfortunately，satellite-basedseaicethicknessmeasurementsareinaccurateduringthesummermonths：thetimeoftheyearwiththegreatestmelting.Thismeltingcreatesapoolofliquidwateronthesurface.Asaresult，thesimplecalculation(icelevel－sealevel)doesnotworkasradarsystemsareunabletodifferentiatebetweenoceanwaterandice，thusmakingmeasurementsinaccurate.LastSeptember，scientistsdevelopedanewmethodtotacklethisage-oldissue.Thenewmethodcombinedcomputermodelingandsatellitedatatopredicticethickness—allyearround.TheresearchteamledbyJackLandy，ascientistattheUniversityofTroms?(TheArcticUniversityofNorway)，usedthenewmethodtodistinguishbetweenseawaterandice.Theresearchersbuiltamodeloftheradarsystem’spredicteddataandcross-referencedthesevaluestothosecollectedbyasatellite.Thismodelallowstheresearcherstoobtainaccurate，year-roundArcticseaicethicknessdata.AccordingtoDr.MichelTsamadosfromUniversityCollegeLondon，thenewadvancedclimatemodel“willimproveboththeshort-termforecastsfortheweatheratthemid-latitudes(中緯度地區)andthelong-termforecaststhatshowwhatclimatewewillhaveinthefuture.”語篇解讀本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了監測北極海冰變化的一種新方法。8．Whatdoesthesatellitedatatellus?A．TheArcticicewillnolongerexistinfourdecades.B．Seaicecoverismeltingatarateof13%peryear.C．TheESA’ssatellitesprovideclearerpictures.D．Seaiceisbecomingincreasinglythinner.答案D解析細節理解題。根據第三段中“Datasuggeststhatseaiceisthinningovertimeduetoclimatechange.”可知，衛星數據表明海冰正變得越來越薄。故選D。9．Whatmakestheiceleveltosealevelmeasurementsinaccurate?A．Inactionofthelaser-basedaltimeterinstrumentsinsummer.B．Radarsystems’inabilitytodistinguishseawaterfromice.C．Therebeingtechnicaldifficultycalculatingtheheightoftheice.D．Therebeingnowaytoconsistentlydetectmeltpoolsonice.答案B解析細節理解題。根據第五段“Unfortunately，satellite-basedseaicethicknessmeasurements...thusmakingmeasurementsinaccurate.”可知，雷達系統無法區分海水和冰，這使得冰面到海平面的測量不準確，故選B。10．Whatdoesthenewmethodaimtodo?A．Provideaccurateforecastsfortheweather.B．Replacesatellitesinmonitoringseaicechanges.C．Getareliablesummertimerecordofseaicethickness.D．Testtheefficiencyofmachinelearninginclimatechange.答案C解析細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Theresearchersbuiltamodeloftheradarsystem’spredicteddataandcross-referencedthesevaluestothosecollectedbyasatellite.Thismodelallowstheresearcherstoobtainaccurate，year-roundArcticseaicethicknessdata.”可知，新方法的目的是獲得可靠的夏季海冰厚度紀錄。故選C。11．WhatdoesDr.MichelTsamadosthinkofthenewmodel?A．Itwillbeusefulindifferentways.B．Itwillproveenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Ithasashort-termimpactonclimateresearch.D．ItneedsimprovementtopredicttheArctic’sfuture.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據最后一段“AccordingtoDr.MichelTsamadosfromUniversityCollegeLondon，thenewadvancedclimate