職稱英語理工類A級模擬66

第1部分：詞匯選項

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線，請為每處畫線部分確定1個意義最為

接近的選項。

1>Thesearetheirmotivesfordoingit.

A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans

2、Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest.

A.twistsB.stretchesC,broadensD?bends

3、Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs.

A.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.consumption

4、Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeople.

A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.enormous

5、Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation.

A.maintainB,improveC.assessD.protect

6、JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritinganarticle.

A.cooperatingB.competingC.combiningD.arguing

7、Heisdeterminedtoconsolidatehispower.

A.strengthenB.controlC.abandonD.exercise

8、Manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems.

A.solvingB.exploringC.settlingD.handling

9、Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits.

A.removedB.curedC.worseneD.relieved

10>Allthecarsaretestedfordefectsbeforeleavingthefactory.

A.functionsB.faultsC.motionsD.parts

11>Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople.

A.instantB.infiniteC.inexpensiveD.inadequate

12>Thousandsofpeopleperishedinthestorm.

A.diedB.sufferedC.floatedD.scattered

13>Butintheendheapprovedofourproposal.

A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD.necessarily

[4、Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness.

A.strangeB.complexC.personalD.funny

15、InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement.

A.evaluationB.productionC.efficiencyD.publicity

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句

提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信

息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

MadScientistStereotypeOutdated

Dopeoplestillimagineaphysicistasabeardedmaninglassesorhas

theimageofthemadscientistchanged?TheInstituteofPhysicssetoutto

findoutwhetherthestereotypeofaphysics"boffin"（科學家）stillexists

byconductingasurveyonshoppersinLondon.Thepeoplewereaskedtoidentify

thephysicistfromaphotographofaline-upofpossiblesuspects.98percent

ofthoseaskedgotitwrong.Themajorityofpeoplepickedawhitemaleof

around60zwearingglassesandwithawhitebeard.

Whilethisstereotypemayhavebeentheimageofanaveragephysicistfifty

yearsago,therealityisnowverydifferent.Since1960thenumberofyoung

womenenteringphysicshasdoubledandtheaverageageofaphysicistisnow

31.'一一

Thestereotypeoftheabsent-mindedscientisthaslastedalongtimebecause

themediaandHollywoodhelppromotetheimageofmeninwhitelabcoatswith

glassessittingbyblackboardsfullofequations（等式）orworkingwithfizzing

（嘶嘶響）testtubes.Thesestereotypesarereallydamagingtosociety.Very

goodschoolchildrenareputoffstudyingsciencebecausetheydon*tseepeople

likethemselvesontelevisionorinmagazinesdoingscience.Theysimplydon*t

relatetothemedia1simageofthemadscientist.

Thisisonereasonwhyfeweryoungpeoplearechoosingtodoscienceat

university.Ifwewanttoencouragemoreyoungpeopletostudysciencesubjects,

weneedtochangethisimageofthescientistandmakesciencecareersmore

attractive.Butwemustalsodevelopchildren1sinterestinscience.

Inanattempttochangethisnegativeimage,anincreasingnumberofscience

festivalsarebeingorganized.Thousandsofpeoplefromsecondaryschools

arealsoencouragedtotakepartinnationwidesciencecompetitionsofwhich

themostpopulararethenationalscienceOlympiads.Winningnationalteams

thengettheopportunitytotakepartintheInternationalScienceOlympiads

whichareheldinadifferentcountryeveryyear.Theseeventsareallinteresting

fortheyoungpeoplewhotakepartbuttheyonlyinvolveasmallproportion

ofstudentswhoarealreadyinterestedinscience.Itseemsthatthereis

alongwaytogobeforesciencebecomesattractiveassubjectslikecomputer

studiesorfashionanddesign.

16、Mostpeoplehavesimilarideasofwhataphysicistlookslike.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>ThemajorityofphysicistsinBritaintodayareCambridgegraduates.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Themediaandthecinemahaveplayedaroleinpromotingtheimageof

themadscientist.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Therewillbemorewomenscientiststhanmenscientistsinthefuture.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Morechildrenwillstudyscienceifitbecomesmoreattractive.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Theimageofthemadscientistisreallyencouragingtosociety.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、TheInternationalScienceOlympiadsareheldonceeverytwoyears.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第1?4段每

段選擇1個最佳標題；⑵第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選

項。

Cloning（克隆）：FuturePerfect?

1Acloneisanexactcopyofaplantoranimalproducedfromanyone

cell.SinceScottishscientistsreportedthattheyhadmanagedtoclonea

sheepnamedDollyin1997,researchintocloninghasgrownrapidly.InMay

1998,scientistsinMassachusettsmanagedtocreatetwoidenticalcalves（牛

犢）usingcloningtechnology.Amousehasalsobeenclonedsuccessfully.But

thedebateovercloninghumansreallystartedwhenChicagophysicistRichard

n

SeedmadeasurprisingannouncementzWewillhavemanagedtocloneahuman

n

beingwithinthenexttwoyearszhetoldtheworld.

2Seed1sannouncementprovokedalotofmediaattention,mostofitnegative.

InEurope,nineteennationshavealreadysignedanagreementbanninghuman

cloningandintheUSthePresidentannounced."Wewillbeintroducingalaw

tobanallhumancloningandmanystatesintheUSwillhavepassedanti-cloning

lawsbytheendoftheyear.n

3Manyresearchersarenotsonegativeaboutcloning.Theyareworried

thatlawsbanninghumancloningwillthreatenimportantresearch.InMarch,

TheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinecalledanyplantobanresearchoncloning

humansseriouslymistaken.Manyresearchersalsobelievethatinspiteof

attemptstobanit,humancloningwillhavebecomeroutineby2010because

itisimpossibletostoptheprogressofscience.

4Istherereasontofearthatcloningwillleadtoanightmareworld?

Thepublichasbeenbombarded（轟炸）withnewspaperarticles,televisionshows

andfilms,aswellascartoons.Suchinformationisoftenmisleading,and

makespeoplewonderwhatonearththescientistswillbedoingnext.

5Withinthenextfivetotenyearsscientistswillprobablyhavefound

awayofcloninghumans.Itcouldbethatprettysoonwewillbeabletochoose

thepersonthatwewantourchildtolooklike.Buthowwoulditfeeltobe

acloneamonghundredsztheanti-clonersask.Prettycoolzanswerthe

pro-cloners（贊成克隆的人）.

23、A.Strongreactions

B.Anxietyaboutthefutureofcloning

C.Therighttochoose

D.Whatiscloning?

E.Argumentsinfavorofcloning

F.Acommonsight

Paragraph1

24、Paragraph2

25、Paragraph3

26、Paragraph4

27>A.thenucleusofacell

B.clonedhumanbeings

C.ahumanbeingintwoyears

D.alawtobanhumancloning

E.areportonhumancloning

F.heavymediacoverage

RichardSeedclaimedtobeabletoclone.

28、RichardSeed1sannouncementreceived.

29、TheUnitedStateswillintroduce.

30、Withintenyearsscientistswillprobablyhave.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇

MoreThanaRidetoSchool

TheNationalEducationAssociationclaimsz"Theschoolbusisamirror

n

ofthecommunity.Theyfurtheraddthatzunfortunately,whatappearsonthe

exteriordoesnotalwaysreflecttherealityofachosencommunity.Theyare

right—sometimesitreflectsmore!JustaskLieslDenson.Ridingtheschool

bushasbeenmorethanaridetoschoolforLiesl.

BruceHardy,schoolbusdriverforAlthouseBusCompanyhasbeenLiesl's

busdriversincekindergarten.LastyearwhenLiesrsfamilymovedtoParkesburg,

knowingherbuswentbyhernewresidence,sherequestedtoridethesame

bus.

ThisyearLieslisaseniorandwillenjoyherlastyearridingthebus.

Shesays,"It'sbeenagreatridesofar!Mybusdriverissocoolandhas

alwaysbeenagoodfriendandagoodlistener.Sometimeswhenyou1reachild

adultsdonotthinkthatwhatyouhavetosayisimportant.Mr.Hardyalways

listenstowhatyouhavetosayandmakesyoufeelimportant.HHerfriends

AshleyBatistaandAmandaWolfeagree.

BruceHardyhasbeenmakingOctorarastudentsfeelspecialsince1975.

Thisyearhewillcelebrate30yearsworkingforAlthouseBusCompany.Larry

Althouse,presidentofthecompany,acknowledgesBruceHardy1soutstanding

record："YoudonotcomebyemployeeslikeBrucethesedays.Hehasnever

missedadayofworkandhasaperfectdrivingrecord.Hewasrecognizedin

2000bythePennsylvaniaSchoolBusAssociationfordriving350,000accident

freemiles.Hardy*sreputationismadefurtherevidentthroughtherelationships

hehasmadewiththestudentsthatridehisbus.n

Althousefurtheradds,"AlthouseBusCompanywasestablished70yearsago

andhasbeenprovidingqualitytransportationeversince.Mygrandfatherstarted

thebusinesswithonebus.AlthouseBusCompanyisdelightedtohavethe

opportunitytobringdistinctiveandsafeservicetoourlocalschooland

communityandlooksforwardtocontinuingtoprovidequalityserviceformany-

moreyearstocome.n

Threegenerationsofbusinessisnotallthecompanyhasenjoyed.Thanks

todriverslikeBruceHardy,theyhavebeenbuildingrelationshipsthrough

generations.Liesl1smotherCarolalsoenjoysfondmemoriesofridingBruce

Hardy*sbustotheOctoraraSchoolDistrict.

31、Theword"mirror11inthefirstlinecouldbebestreplacedby

A.vehicle.B.device.C.need.D.reflection.

32、BruceHardyhasbeenworkingwithAlthouseBusCompany

A.for30years.B.for70years.

C.sincelastyear.D.since2000.

33、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofBruceHardy?

A.Heispopularwithhispassengers.

B.Hehasnevermissedadayofwork.

C.Heisanimpatientperson.

D.Hehasdriven350,000accidentfreemiles.

34、AlthouseBusCompanywasfoundedby

A.LarryAlthouse.

B.Althouse1sgrandfather.

C.Liesrsmother.

D.AshleyBatista.

35、AlthouseBusCompanypaysmuchattentionto

A.employingyoungdrivers.

B.runningqualityschools.

C.providingfreedrivinglessons.

D.buildingsoundrelationships.

弟一^扁

APhoneThatKnowsYou*reBusy

It*samodernproblem：you*retoobusytobedisturbedbyincessant（連

續不斷的）phonecallssoyouturnyourcellphoneoff.Butifyoudon*tremember

toturnitbackonwhenyou'relessbusy,youcouldmisssomeimportantcalls.

Ifonlythephoneknewwhenitwaswisetointerruptyou,youwouldn11have

toturnitoffatall.Instead,itcouldletcallsthroughwhenyouarenot

toobusy.

Abunchofbehaviorsensors（傳感器）andacleverpieceofsoftwarecould

1

dojustthatzbyanalyzingyourbehaviortodetermineifitsagoodtime

tointerruptyou.Ifbuiltintoaphonezthesystemmaydecideyou*retoo

busyandaskthecallertoleaveamessageorringbacklater.

JamesFogartyandScottHudsonatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvania

basedtheirsystemontinymicrophoneszcamerasandtouchsensorsthatreveal

bodylanguageandactivity.Firsttheyhadtostudydifferentbehaviorsto

findoutwhichonesstronglypredictwhetheryourmindisinterrupted.

Thepotential"busyness"signalstheyfocusedonincludedwhethertheoffice

doorswereleftopenorclosed,thetimeofday,ifotherpeoplewerewith

thepersoninquestion,howclosetheyweretoeachother,andwhetheror

notthecomputerwasinuse.

Thesensorsmonitoredtheseandmanyotherfactorswhilefoursubjects

wereatwork.Atrandomintervalszthesubjectsratedhowinterruptiblethey

wereonascalerangingfrom"highlyinterruptible"tonhighly

not-interruptible".Theirratingswerethencorrelatedwiththevarious

behaviors.nItisashotgun（隨意的）approach：weusedalltheindicatorswe

couldthinkofandthenletstatisticsfindoutwhichwereimportant,Hsays

Hudson.

Themodelshowedthatusingthekeyboard,andtalkingonalandlineor

tosomeoneelseintheofficecorrelatedmoststronglywithhowinterruptible

thesubjectsjudgedthemselvestobe.

Interestingly,thecomputerwasactuallybetterthanpeopleatpredicting

whensomeonewastoobusytobeinterrupted.Thecomputergotitright82

percentofthetime,humans77percent.Fogartyspeculatesthatthismight

bebecausepeopledoingtheinterruptingareinevitablybiasedtowards

deliveringtheirmessage,whereascomputersdon*tcare.

ThefirstapplicationforHudsonandFogarty'ssystemislikelytobein

aninstantmessagingsystem,followedbyofficephonesandcellphones."There

isnotechnologicalroadblock（障礙）toitbeingdeployedinacoupleofyears,"

saysHudson.

36、Abigproblemfacingpeopletodayisthat

A.theymusttoleratephonedisturbancesormissimportantcalls.

B.theymustturnofftheirphonestokeeptheirhomesquiet.

C.theyhavetoswitchfromadesktopphonetoacellphone.

D.theyaretoobusytomakephonecalls.

37、Thebehaviorsensorandsoftwaresystembuiltinaphone

A.couldhelpstoremessages.

B.couldsendmessagesinstantly.

C.couldtellwhenitiswisetointerruptyou.

D.couldidentifyimportantphonecalls.

38、ScientistsatCarnegieMellonUniversitytriedtofindout

A.whyofficedoorswereoftenleftopen.

B.whenitwasagoodtimetoturnoffthecomputer.

C.whatquestionsofficeworkerswerebotheredwith.

D.whichbehaviorscouldtellwhetherapersonwasbusy.

39、Duringtheexperiment,thesubjectswereasked

A.tocontrolthesensorsandthecamera.

B.toratethedegreestowhichtheycouldbeinterrupted.

C.tocomparetheirbehaviorswithothers1.

D.toanalyzealltheindicatorsofinterruption.

40、Thecomputerperformedbetterthanpeopleinthestudybecause

A.thecomputerworkedharder.

B.thecomputerwasnotbusy.

C.peopletendedtobebiased.

D.peoplewerenotgoodatstatistics.

—

TheExplodingLakesofCameroon

Whatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofalake?Youprobablyimagineapretty

scenewithbluewater,birdszandfish.Forthepeopleinthenorthwestern

Cameroon,however,theimageisverydifferent.Forthem,lakesmaymeanterrible

disasters.In1984zpoisonousgasesexplodedoutofLakeMonounandcamedown

intothenearbyvillages,killingthirty-sevenpeople.Twoyearslater,Lake

Nyoserupted.Acloudofgasesrolleddownthehillsandintothevalleys

andkilled1,700people.

LakeNyosandLakeMonounarecrater（火山口）lakes.Theywereformedwhen

watercollectedinthecratersofoldvolcanoes.ThevolcanoesunderLake

NyosandLakeMonounarenotactiveanymore.However,poisonousgasesfrom

thecenteroftheearthcontinuetoflowupthroughcracksinthebottomof

thelake.Thisisnormalinacraterlake.Inmostcraterlakes,thesegases

arereleasedoftenbecausethewater"turnsover"regularly.Thatis,the

waterfromthebottomofthelakerisesandmixeswiththewateratthetop,

allowingthegasestoescapeslowly.

However,inLakesNyosandMonoun,thereisnoregularturningover.No

oneknowsthereasonforthisfactzbutasaresult,theselakeshavemore

gasestrappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes.Infact,scientistswho

havestudiedLakesNyosandMonounhavefound16,000timesmoregases.When

astrongwind,coolweather,astorm,oralandslide（滑坡）causesthewater

toturnoversuddenly,thegasesescapeinaviolentexplosion.

Inthepast,nooneknewwhenthegasesmightexplode,sotherewasno

wayforthevillagerstoescapedisaster.NowscientistsfromtheUnited

StateszFrance,andCameroonhavefoundawaytoreducethegaspressureat

thebottomofLakeNyos.Theystooda672-footplasticpipeinthemiddle

ofthelake,withoneendofthepipenearthebottomandtheotherendin

theair.Nearthetopofthepipe,theteamputseveralholesthatcouldbe

openedorclosedbyacomputer.Now,whenthegaspressuregetstoohigh,

theholesareopenedandsomeofthegas-filledwatershootsupthroughthe

pipeintotheairlikeafountain.Withlesspressure,adisastrousexplosion

ismuchlesslikely.However,thescientistsarenotsurethatonepipewill

beenoughtopreventexplosions.Theyhopetoputinotherssoonandthey

plantoinstallasimilarpipeandacomputersystematLakeMonounaswell.

Toprotectpeoplenearbyuntilallofthepipesareinplace,thescientists

haveinstalledearlywarningsystemsatbothlakes.Ifthegaspressurerises

toadangerouslevel,computerswillsetoffloudsirens（警才長）andbright

lightstowarnthepeopleinthevillages.Thatway,theywillhavetimeto

escapefromthedangerousgases.

41>WhatwillhappenwhenLakeNyosandLakeMonounexplode?

A.Waterwillflowdownthehills.

B.Poisonousgaseswillbereleasedsuddenly.

C.Astrongwindwillrisefromthelakes.

D.Thevolcanoeswillcometolife.

42、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutLakeNyosandLakeMonounistrue?

A.Theywereformedin1984.

B.Theyareatthetopoftwoactivevolcanoes.

C.Theyarenotlikemostothercraterlakes.

D.Waterinthemturnsoverregularly.

43、LakeNyosandLakeMonounexplodebecause

A.thegasesrisetothetopandmixwithair.

B.peoplefromthevillagesturnoverthewater.

C.scientistshaveputinacomputersystem.

D.theyhavemoregasestrappedatthebottomthanothercraterlakes.

44、Ateamofscientistshas

A.erectedapressure-releasingpipeinthelake.

B.identifiedthegasesatthebottomofthelake.

C.builtabeautifulfountainnearthelakes.

D.removedalldangerousgasesfromthelakes.

45、Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Scientistsareplanningtoinstallpipesinallcraterlakes.

B.Scientistsstilldonotknowhowtopreventgasexplosions.

C.Explosiondisasterscouldbeavoidedinthefut