正源學校準高一期末考試英語試卷Ａ時間：120分鐘滿分：150分一、聽力部分(本大題共20小題，每小題1.5分，共30分)第一部分：聽對話回答問題。1.Whatdoesthegirlsee?A.B.C.2.WhatisPeter’sanimalsign?A.B.C.3.Inwhichcountrywillthewomanenjoyherholiday?A.B.C.4.WhatdoesJohn’sparentswanthimtobe?A.B.C.5.Whendidtheconcertbegin?A.At8:10.B.At7:15.C.At7:30.6.WhatisMissGreenlike?A.Creative.B.Active.C.Organized.7.WhopreferswatchingTVtosleepingonrainydays?A.Thegirl.B.Tom.C.Neitherofthem.8.Wheredidthedialoguemostlikelyhappen?A.Inthelibrary.B.Athome.C.Attheteachers’office.9.Whendidthedialoguemostprobablytakeplace?A.Inwinter.B.Inautumn.C.Inspring.10.Whydosometeenagersfeelstressed?A.Theyhavetoomanyexams.B.Theyhavetoomuchhomeworktodo.C.Theydon’tknowhowtomakefriendswithothers.第二部分：聽對話和短文答題。聽一段對話，回答第1112小題。11.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Goingboating.B.Goinghiking.C.Climbingthemountain.12.Whatdoestheboyadvisethegirltodo?A.Totakemoreexercise.B.Tohaveagoodrest.C.Tostayathome.聽第一篇短文，完成第1315小題。請根據短文內容，選擇正確答案，完成信息記錄表。Towhomyougowhenyouareintrouble50%ofthestudentsgototheir1314ofthestudentsaskteachersorparentsforhelpotherstudentssolvetheproblems1513.A.classmatesorfriendsB.teachersorparentsC.classmatesorteachers14.A.40%B.30%C.20%15.A.withtheirclassmatesB.withtheironlinefriendsC.bythemselves聽第二篇短文，回答第1620小題。16.WheredidMr.andMrs.Blackgoyesterdayevening?A.Tothecinema.B.Tothesupermarket.C.Totherestaurant.17.Howoldwastheirson?A.Twomonthsold.B.Eightmonthsold.C.Tenmonthsold.18.Whostoppedthemwhentheywalkedin?A.Apoliceman.B.Anofficeworker.C.Ashopkeeper.19.Whatdidtheythinkofthemovie?A.Interesting.B.Relaxing.C.Boring.20.Whydidtheywanttolettheirsoncry?A.Togetalltheirmoneyback.B.Tomakehimseethemovie.C.Togivehimsomethingtoeat.二、單項選擇(每小題1分，共15分)1.Wildis______onehourdocumentaryonCCTV.Ihaveneverseensuch________excitingprogramme.A.a;an B.an;a C.a;a D.an;an【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：Wild是中央電視臺一部一小時的紀錄片。我從來沒有看過這么激動人心的節目。documentary是可數名詞的單數形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠詞，onehour是輔音音素開頭，因此第一空用不定冠詞a；programme是可數名詞的單數形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠詞，exciting是元音音素開頭，因此第二空用不定冠詞an，故選A。2.Suzhouisveryfamous_____theChinesestylegardens.Theyareall_____theChinesestyle.A.as;in B.for;in C.in;in D.by;of【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：蘇州以中國式園林而聞名。它們都是中國風格的。分析句子可知，第一空考查befamousfor表“因……而出名”，為固定搭配；第二空考查in...style表“別具……風格”，為固定搭配。故選B項。3.Ican’thear_____youweresaying_____thenoise.A.how;becauseof B.whether;because C.that;though D.what;becauseof【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句和介詞短語。句意：由于噪音，我聽不清你在說什么。分析句子以及結合選項可知，第一空考查賓語從句，且從句中缺賓語，這里表示說“什么”，所以應用連接代詞what；第二空后面為名詞，所以此空應用介詞短語becauseof。故選D項。4.—Doyoulikethemovie________iscalledTheBattleatLakeChangjin?—Sure.Ithinknomovieis________thanit.A.that;moretouched B.what;lesstouching C.that;moretouching D.which;lesstouched【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句和形容詞比較級。句意：——你喜歡《長津湖之戰》這部電影嗎？——當然。我認為沒有哪部電影比它更感人。第一空處引導限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞movie是電影，因此第一空用關系代詞that/which，第二空用形容詞作表語，主語movie是電影，用ing結尾的形容詞touching修飾，意為“感人的”，此處是否定詞no和比較級連用表最高級，意為“我認為沒有哪部電影比它更感人”，因此空格處是“更感人的”，是moretouching，故選C。5.—Theyhavelittletimetodoafterschoolactivities,________?—__________.Theyareallbusypreparingfortheexam.A.dothey;Yes B.dothey;No C.don’tthey;Yes D.don’tthey;No【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查反義疑問句及回答。句意：——他們幾乎沒有時間做課外活動，是嗎?——對。他們都忙著準備考試。分析句子結構可知，第一空為反義疑問句，陳述部分為否定意義，所以反問部分應使用肯定形式，主語是they，且為一般現在時，所以第一空應為dothey；第二空為答語，根據下文中的“Theyareallbusypreparingfortheexam.”可知，此處指的是“他們忙著考試”，由此可知，此處的回答應是對上文的肯定，因上文為否定意義，所以此處應使用否定詞“No”表示“對的”。故選B項。6.Thisredbicycle________beLinda’s,becausesheridesittoschooleveryday.A.can B.would C.must D.might【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查情態動詞辨析。句意：這輛紅色自行車一定是琳達的，因為她每天都騎著它上學。由becausesheridesittoschooleveryday以及句意可知，這里表示肯定推測，所以應用must。故選C項。7.GuanDongsavedanoldladyoutoftheYangtzeRiver._____greatcourageheshowed!A.Whata B.What C.Howa D.How【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查感嘆句。句意：官東從長江里救了一位老太太。他表現出多么大的勇氣啊！結合選項可知，句子為感嘆句，空后為名詞短語greatcourage，且courage是不可數名詞，因此應用“What+形容詞+不可數名詞+主語+謂語”的結構。故選B。8.—IhopeIcantakepartinthegameshowWhoisStillStandingandwinsomething.—Stopdaydreaming.Youwillwinnothing________youspendafewmonthspreparingforit.A.since B.unless C.if D.because【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：——我希望我能參加游戲節目《一站到底》并贏得一些東西。——停止做白日夢。除非你花幾個月的時間準備，否則你什么也贏不了。A.since既然；B.unless除非；C.if如果；D.because因為。此處為條件狀語從句，表示“除非”應用unless。故選B。9.—HowdoesyourmotherlikeyourpresentsforMother’sDay?—Well,thissweaterthatoneisfitforher.They’retoobig.A.both;and B.either;orC.neither;nor D.notonly;butalso【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：－你媽媽覺得你的母親節禮物怎樣？－哦，這件毛衣和那一件都不適合她，太大了。A.both;and……和……兩者都；B.either;or或者……或者……；C.neither;nor……既不……也不；D.notonly;butalso……不但，……而且。由后句：它們太大了，可以推測出兩件都不適合她，故選C。考點：考查連詞辨析。10.Whyis_______leaderlikehimsupportedby________fewworkers?A.suchanhonest;so B.sohonestan;suchC.suchahonest;so D.sohonesta;such【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：為什么像他這樣誠實的領導只有那么幾個工人支持？such+a/an+形容詞+名詞=so+形容詞+a/an+名詞，意為“如此……的……”，honest是元音音素開頭，前面用an，因此C選項錯誤；leader是輔音音素開頭，因此B選項錯誤；“sofew+名詞”意為“如此少的……”，因此第二空是so，故選A。11.—HowdidyoufeelwhenDanielscoredawinninggoalandhelpedyourteamwin?—Ifelt__________.Icouldn’tbelievemyeyes.A.scared B.worried C.amazed D.mad【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：——當丹尼爾打進致勝一球并幫助你的球隊獲勝時，你有什么感覺？——我感到驚奇。簡直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A.scared害怕的；B.worried擔心的；C.amazed驚奇的；D.mad生氣的。根據后文“Icouldn’tbelievemyeyes.”可知是感到驚奇。故選C。12.–I’mwondering_________atalowprice.YoucanbookonethroughourofficialAPP.A.howIcanbuytheairticket B.howcanIbuytheairticketC.whenIcanbuytheairticket D.whencanIbuytheairticket【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句連詞和語序。句意：——我想知道怎樣才能買到便宜的機票。——您可以通過我們的官方APP預訂。空格處是賓語從句，賓語從句中用陳述句語序，B和D是疑問句語序，因此排除；由“YoucanbookonethroughourofficialAPP”可知，第一個人問的是怎么才能買到便宜的票，“怎么”是how，故選A。13.Warsaredisasters.Alargenumberofpeoplewilllosetheirhomesifawar_________.A.breaksout B.isbrokenout C.breaksup D.isbrokenup【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析和謂語動詞。句意：戰爭是災難。如果戰爭爆發，許多人將失去家園。A.breaksout爆發（主動）；B.isbrokenout（錯誤形式，“爆發”無被動）C.breaksup解散，分手；D.isbrokenup解散（被動）。分析句子結構可知，此處應為從句的謂語動詞，主句為一般將來時，條件狀語從句應使用一般現在時表示將來，所以此處使用一般現在時，且breakout無被動，與主語為主動關系，且主語為第三人稱單數。故選A項14.Hiswatchisbroken,hewantstohaveit________.A.repairing B.repaired C.torepair D.toberepaired【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他的表壞了，他想請人修理。此處為have+賓語+賓補結構，且it與repair構成被動關系，故為過去分詞作賓補。故選B。15.—I’msurethatIcanefirstintheEnglishexam.—________Howcanyoumakeitwithoutefforts?A.Believeitornot. B.Whatapity!CYoubet! D.Inyourdreams!【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我確信我能在英語考試中獲得第一名。——做夢吧！不努力怎么能成功呢？A.Believeitornot.信不信由你；B.Whatapity!真可惜！C.Youbet!當然！D.Inyourdreams!休想！做夢！根據后文“Howcanyoumakeitwithoutefforts?”可知是說對方考第一是做夢，需要付出努力。故選D。三、閱讀理解(每小題2.5分，共50分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中選出最佳答案。AEARTHDAYPOSTERCONTEST(比賽)THEME:PROTECTOUREARTHCreateaposterthatwillencouragepeopletotakecareoftheearth.Time:Theclosingdateforentries(參賽作品)isMay31stRequirements:?Thepostersize:26cm×37cm?Thepostershouldbeoriginal(原創的).?Onestudentcanonlyhandinoneposter.?Writeadescriptionofyourworkonthebackofyourposter.?Writeyourname,phonenumber,school’sname,gradeandteacher’snameonthebackofyourposterinthelowerrightcorner.Therewillbefouragegroups:gradesK2,36,79,and1012.Foreachagegroup,therewillbeonefirstprize,twosecondprizesandthreethirdprizes.Formoreinformation,pleasecallMr.Leeat0913xxx.16.What’sthepurposeofthepostercontest?A.Toencouragestudents’creativity. B.Totellpeopletoprotecttheearth.C.Toimprovestudents’artisticlevel. D.TointroducesomethingaboutEarthDay.17.Anyonewhotakespartinthecontestmust________.A.notcopyothers’works B.handinatleasttwopostersC.makesurethepostersizeis27cm×36cm D.writeadescriptionoftheirworkonapieceofpaper18.Whichofthefollowinginformationisrequired?①Theteacher’sname.②Thestudent’sgrade.③Theteacher’sphonenumber.④Thestudent’sschool’sname.A.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.②③④【答案】16.B17.A18.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹的是地球日海報比賽的相關情況。【16題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文中的“Createaposterthatwillencouragepeopletotakecareoftheearth.(制作一張海報，鼓勵人們愛護地球。)”可知，海報比賽的目的是告訴人們要保護地球。故選B。【17題詳解】細節理解題。根據Requirements:部分的“Thepostershouldbeoriginal(原創的).(海報必須是原創的。)”可知，任何參加比賽的人必須不要抄襲別人的作品。故選A。【18題詳解】細節理解題。根據Requirements:部分的“Writeyourname,phonenumber,school’sname,gradeandteacher’snameonthebackofyourposterinthelowerrightcorner.(在海報背面右下角寫上你的名字、號碼、學校名稱、年級和老師的名字。)”可知，老師的名字，學生的年級和學校的名稱都是必須的，故選C。BItwasafortablesunnySunday.IwasgoingtomeetanolduniversityfriendIhadn’tseenforyears,andwasreallyexcited.Mytrainwasrunningalittlelate,butthatwasnobigproblem—IcouldtexthimtosayIwouldbedelayed.Hewouldunderstand.But…wherewasmymobilephone?Ihadthatfamiliarsinkingfeeling.Yes,I’dleftitathome.Nomobilephone.I’msureI’mnotaloneinfeelinganxious,onedgeandworriedwhenIdon’thavemyphonewithme.Infact,IknowI’mnotalone:two－thirdsofusexperience“nomophobia(無恐懼癥)”，thefearofbeingoutofmobilephonecontact.That’saccordingtoastudyfrom2012whichsurveyed1，000peopleintheUKabouttheirrelationshipwithmobilephones.Itsayswecheckourmobilephones34timesaday,andthat18—24－year－olds,especiallygirls,arethemostlikelytosufferfearofbeingwithouttheirmobiles:77%ofthemsaytheyareunabletobeapartfromtheirphonesformorethanafewminutes.Doyouhavenomophobia?●Youneverturnyourphoneoff.●Youfrequentlycheckfortexts,missedcallsandemails.●Youalwaystakeyourphonetothebathroomwithyou.●Youneverletthebatteryrunout.It’sfunnytothinkthataround20yearsagotheonlypeoplewithmobilephoneswouldbebusinessmencarryingtheirlarge,plastic“bricks”.Ofcourse,thesedays,mobilephonesareeverywhere.AUNstudyfromthisyearsaidtherewouldbemoremobilephonesthanpeopleacrosstheworldbytheendof2020.Andwhentherearemorephonesthanpeopleintheworld,maybeit’stimetoaskwhoreallyisincharge?Areyouincontrolofyourphone,ordoesyourphonecontrolyou?So,whathappenedwithmyuniversityfriend?WhenIarrivedafewminuteslatehejustlaughedandsaid:“Youhaven’tchangedatall—stillalwayslate!”Andwehadagreatafternooncatchingup,fullofjokesandstories,withnodesiretocheckmyphone.Nothavingitwithmefeltstrangelyfree.MaybeI’llleaveitathomeonpurposenexttime.19.Theunderlinedphrase“onedge”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”．A.energetic B.nervous C.brilliant D.amazed20.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsusingmobiles?A.Worried. B.Positive. C.Neutral(中立的). D.Negative.21.Accordingtothepassage,whoismostlikelytobeaddictedto(對……上癮)mobiles?A.Asuccessfulmanager. B.A21－year－oldgirl.C.A21－year－oldboy. D.Alonelymiddle－agedperson.22.Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.Thehistoryofmobilephones.B.Thestoryofmeetinganolduniversityfriend.C.Theattractionofplayingmobilephone.D.Theterriblefeelingofbeingwithouttheirmobiles.【答案】19.B20.A21.B22.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者去看望大學同學時，無意中把落在了家里，讓他非常恐懼，由此引出了文章討論的話題：nomophobia(無恐懼癥)，講了這種恐懼癥的癥狀和作者對此的擔憂。【19題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第三段“feelinganxious(感到焦慮)”和“worried(擔心的)”可知，不在身邊的時候，很多人會非常緊張和擔憂。短語“onedge”與“worried”是并列關系，表示相近的含義，worried的意思是“擔心的”，因此onedge的意思是“擔心的”，和nervous意思相近。故選B。【20題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段“Andwhentherearemorephonesthanpeopleintheworld,maybeit’stimetoaskwhoreallyisincharge?Areyouincontrolofyourphone,ordoesyourphonecontrolyou?(當世界上的數量超過人口數量時，也許是時候問一下誰才是真正的掌權者了？是你在控制你的，還是你的在控制你？)”可知，作者很擔心當的數量超過人類的數量時，究竟是誰來控制誰，說明作者對使用是非常擔心的。故選A。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段“Itsayswecheckourmobilephones34timesaday,andthat18—24－year－olds,especiallygirls,arethemostlikelytosufferfearofbeingwithouttheirmobiles:77%ofthemsaytheyareunabletobeapartfromtheirphonesformorethanafewminutes.(報告稱，我們每天查看34次，而1824歲的人，尤其是女孩，最有可能因為沒有而感到恐懼：77%的人表示，他們無法離開超過幾分鐘。)”可知，18—24歲的女孩子和的聯系最緊密，她們最可能患上“無恐懼癥”，因此最可能對上癮的是一個21歲的女孩。故選B。【22題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段“Nomobilephone.I’msureI’mnotaloneinfeelinganxious,onedgeandworriedwhenIdon’thavemyphonewithme.Infact,IknowI’mnotalone:two－thirdsofusexperience“nomophobia(無恐懼癥)”，thefearofbeingoutofmobilephonecontact.(沒有。我相信我不是唯一一個在沒有的時候感到焦慮、緊張和擔心的人。事實上，我知道我并不孤單：我們中有三分之二的人都有“無恐懼癥”，即害怕沒有聯系。)”可知，本文主要講的是無恐懼癥，因此主旨是D選項“Theterriblefeelingofbeingwithouttheirmobiles.(沒有的可怕感覺。)”。故選D。CSomanythingscankeepyoufromseeingyourlovedonesinperson,frombusyschedulestolongdistancestoaratherunexpectedCOVID－19virus.Fortunately,thankstomoderntechnology,thepeoplewemissareoftenonlyaphonecallortextmessageaway.Butifyou’resomeonewhopreferstotypeoutmessages,youmaywanttoreconsider.Anewstudy,publishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology,foundthatmunicationthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialrelationshipsthanmunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperimentstomeasurerelationships.Inone,theyasked200peoplewhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorbyphoneandthenaskedthemtodooneortheother.Althoughpeopleanticipatedthataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeone’svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter.“Peoplereportedtheydidformastrongerrelationshipwiththeiroldfriendonthephoneparedwithemail,andtheydidnotfeelmoreawkward,”saidAmitKumar,anassistantprofessorofmarketingattheMcbsSchoolofBusiness.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchershadstrangersconnectedbyeithertexting,talkingovervideochat,ortalkingusingonlyaudio.Theyfoundthatbothformsofvoicemunication—whethervideooraudioonly—madethestrangersfeelsignificantlymoreconnectedthanwhentheymunicatedbytext.SabrinaRomanoff,aHarvardpsychologist,says,“Peopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcallingbecauseofconvenience,astheyseeitasacontrolledformofmunicationwheretheycanmunicateinformationexactlyinthewaytheywantwithoutunexpectedadditionsbytheotherperson.”Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.“Aphonecallisactuallymoreconvenientwhenconsideringtheneteffectsofthemessage,”sheexplains.“Eachpartyismorepresent,andtherefore,abletounderstandthemeaningbehindthecontentwithoutthinkingabouttheendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwords.”23.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Byparing. B.Byreasoning. C.Byimagining. D.Bydiscussing.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anticipated”inParagraph2mean?A.Ensured. B.Refused. C.Expected. D.Disagreed.25.Peopleprefertotextratherthancallbecausetheythink________．A.textingmakesthemfeelmoreconnectedB.theyfeelawkwardwhenmakingaphonecallC.textinghelpsmunicatetheirinformationexactlyD.callinghelpsdeterminethetruemeaningbehindtheconversation26.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Textingdoesharmtosocialrelationships.B.Voicemunicationbringspeoplecloser.C.Aphonecalldoesmoregoodthanatextmessage.D.Peoplepreferatextmessageratherthanaphonecall.【答案】23.A24.C25.C26.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的研究發現如果想和交談的人感覺更親近，應該給他們打電而不是發短信。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中的““Peoplereportedtheydidformastrongerrelationshipwiththeiroldfriendonthephoneparedwithemail,andtheydidnotfeelmoreawkward,”saidAmitKumar,anassistantprofessorofmarketingattheMcbsSchoolofBusiness.(麥庫姆斯商學院(McbsSchoolofBusiness)市場營銷學助理教授阿米特·庫馬爾(AmitKumar)說：“人們報告說，與發郵件相比，他們確實通過與老朋友建立了更牢固的關系，而且他們并不覺得更尷尬。”)”可知，人們報告說，與發郵件相比，通過和老朋友建立了更牢固的關系，根據第四段中的“Inanotherexperiment,theresearchershadstrangersconnectedbyeithertexting,talkingovervideochat,ortalkingusingonlyaudio.Theyfoundthatbothformsofvoicemunication—whethervideooraudioonly—madethestrangersfeelsignificantlymoreconnectedthanwhentheymunicatedbytext.(在另一項實驗中，研究人員讓陌生人通過發短信、視頻聊天或只使用音頻聊天來聯系。他們發現，兩種形式的語音交流——無論是視頻還是音頻——都比文字交流更能讓陌生人感覺到彼此之間的聯系。)”可知，在另外一項實驗中發現，兩種形式的語音交流都比文字交流更讓陌生人感覺到彼此之間的聯系，由此可知，研究人員是通過對比的方式開展研究的。故選A項。【24題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據劃線單詞前的although可知，主從句之間為轉折關系，結合劃線單詞后的“hearingsomeone’svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter.(聽到別人的聲音實際上讓體驗變得更好。)”可知，聽到別人的聲音實際上會讓通話感覺更好，劃線單詞后的賓語從句“thataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward(打會更尷尬)”可知，前后應為對比關系，即人們想的和真實情況并不相同，由此可知，劃線單詞的意思與“預計、認為”的意思相似。故選C項。【25題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“SabrinaRomanoff,aHarvardpsychologist,says,“Peopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcallingbecauseofconvenience,astheyseeitasacontrolledformofmunicationwheretheycanmunicateinformationexactlyinthewaytheywantwithoutunexpectedadditionsbytheotherperson.”(哈佛大學心理學家薩布麗娜·羅曼諾夫(SabrinaRomanoff)說：“人們傾向于發短信或發電子郵件，而不是打，因為方便，因為他們認為這是一種可控的交流方式，他們可以以自己想要的方式準確地交流信息，而不會被對方意想不到的添加。”)”可知，人們更傾向于使用文本來進行交流的原因是他們認為這樣可以幫助他們更好、更確切地傳遞信息。故選C項。【26題詳解】主旨大意題。根據首段中的“Anewstudy,publishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology,foundthatmunicationthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialrelationshipsthanmunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.(發表在《實驗心理學雜志》(JournalofExperimentalPsychology)上的一項新研究發現，包括或視頻聊天在內的語音交流，比短信或電子郵件等打字交流，能建立更牢固的社會關系。)”以及下文中的對相關研究試驗的介紹可知，本文主要講述了科學研究發現，通過現代科技用語音進行交流的交流方式更能夠促進形成牢固的社會關系。故選B項。DGuiHaichao,the36yearoldfromYunnanprovincehasbeethefirstChineseciviliantoflyinspace.FifteenyearsagoGuiwasaseniorattheSchoolofAstronautics(航天)underBeihangUniversity,formerlyknownastheBeijingUniversityofAeronautics(航空)andAstronautics,majoringinspacecraftdesignandengineering.“In2008,Iwasstillauniversitystudent.Iwatchedthelivebroadcastofournation’sfirstspacewalkthatwascarriedoutbyJingHaipeng,”hesaidduringarecentinterview.“Ijustcouldn’tevenimagineatthattimethatIwouldbeeamemberofhisandtrainandliveinthesameplace.Andnowwewillflytogethertothespacestation,”saidGui,nowaprofessoranddoctoralsupervisor(博士生導師)atBeihangUniversity.Inthesummerof2014Guigraduatedwithadoctor’sdegreeinspacecraftdesign.In2016,Guitookaresearchonthetechnologyforspacecraftmovement.HereturnedtoBeihangin2017toteachasanassociateprofessorattheSchoolofAstronautics.In2018,GuiwastoldthatChina’smannedspaceauthoritieshaddecidedtoselectastronauts,includingthefirstspaceflightengineers.“Ihavebeenafanofspaceexplorationformanyyearsandsometimesdreamedaboutdoingmyresearchinspace,soIwasexcitedhearingthisnewsandimmediatelycametotheschool’sadministrativeofficetofillintheapplicationform,”Guisaid.Afterseveralphysicalchecksandprofessionaltests,GuistartedtrainingattheAstronautCenterofChina.ThephysicaltrainingattheastronautcenterwasahugechallengetoGui.Buthedidn’tgiveupandmanagedtopassalltests.Thankstohisperseverance(堅持),GuimadegreatprogressandwaschosenfortheShenzhouXVImission.Duringtheflight,Guiwillberesponsibleforscienceequipment.Hesaidhefeelsluckytobeethefirstciviliantoflyinspace.27.What’smeaningoftheunderlinedword“civilian”inParagraph1?A.astronaut B.scientistC.afanofspaceexploration D.monpeople28.Whichofthefollowingisnecessarytobeacivilianastronaut?a.GraduatingfromBeihangUniversityb.Spreadingthenewsc.Fillingintheapplicationformd.Havingphysicalchecksandtraininge.PassingallthetestsA.abc B.bcd C.cde D.ade29.FromParagraph6,whatmakesGuisuccessful?A.Hischecks. B.Histests.C.Hisperseverance. D.Hisresponsibility.30.InParagraph4,Gui’sexperienceisintroducedby__________.A.timeorder B.spaceorderC.generaltospecific D.specifictogeneral【答案】27.D28.C29.C30.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是桂海潮的生平和主要成就。【27題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第一段“GuiHaichao,the36yearoldfromYunnanprovincehasbeethefirstChinese(來自云南的36歲的桂海潮成為了第一個中國人)”和“flyinspace(在太空中飛行)”及客觀事實可知，桂海潮是中國首位進入太空的平民，劃線詞civilian的意思是“平民”，和monpeople意思相近，故選D。【28題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Ihavebeenafanofspaceexplorationformanyyearsandsometimesdreamedaboutdoingmyresearchinspace,soIwasexcitedhearingthisnewsandimmediatelycametotheschool’sadministrativeofficetofillintheapplicationform(多年來我一直是太空探索的粉絲，有時夢想著在太空進行研究，所以聽到這個消息我很興奮，立即來到學校的行政辦公室填寫申請表)”和最后一段“Afterseveralphysicalchecksandprofessionaltests,GuistartedtrainingattheAstronautCenterofChina.ThephysicaltrainingattheastronautcenterwasahugechallengetoGui.Buthedidn’tgiveupandmanagedtopassalltests.(經過幾次身體檢查和專業測試，桂開始在中國航天員中心接受訓練。在航天員中心的體能訓練對桂來說是一個巨大的挑戰。但他沒有放棄，并設法通過了所有的考試。)”可知，成為一名平民宇航員所必需的是填寫申請表，進行身體檢查和訓練和通過所有測試，故選C。【29題詳解】細節理解題。根據第六段“Thankstohisperseverance(堅持),GuimadegreatprogressandwaschosenfortheShenzhouXVImission.(由于他的堅持不懈，桂取得了很大的進步，并被選中執行神舟十六號任務。)”可知，讓桂成功的是他的毅力，故選C。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Inthesummerof2014,Guigraduatedwithadoctor’sdegreeinspacecraftdesign.In2016,Guitookaresearchonthetechnologyforspacecraftmovement.HereturnedtoBeihangin2017toteachasanassociateprofessorattheSchoolofAstronautics.In2018,GuiwastoldthatChina’smannedspaceauthoritieshaddecidedtoselectastronauts,includingthefirstspaceflightengineers.(2014年夏天，他畢業于航天器設計專業，獲得博士學位。2016年，他參與了航天器運動技術的研究。2017年，他回到北航，在航天學院擔任副教授。2018年，桂被告知，中國載人航天當局已決定選拔宇航員，包括首批航天工程師。)”可知，在第4段中，桂的經歷是按時間順序介紹的，故選A。七選五HEYboys,attentionplease!IfyouwanttogototheUS,you’dbetterbefullyprepared,because,well,youandtheboysintheUSareabitdifferent.___31___Firstly,knowhowtoknotatie.IntheUS,everyboyaboveschoolagewearssuitswhentheygotoweddings.____32____Doyouknowhowtoknotatie?Ifyoudon’t,learnhowrightnow!Secondly,beagentleman.IknowinChinasomeboysarestillproudofbeingstrong.ButintheUS,agoodmanshouldalsobepolite.___33___Thelastistolearnsomethingaboutfootballandbaseball.Chineseboyslikepingpong,basketballandsoccer,butAmericanboyslovefootballandbaseball.Theygetveryhappywhentheyplayandwatchthesesports.____34____Butinordertowatchthesportswithotherboys,atleastlearningsomeruleswouldhelp.___35___Wesometimesneedtoknowtheimportanceofanotherculture,butdon’tfeelyouhavetoknowthatifitmakesyouunfortable.Havefunalongtheway!A.ManyboysarefansoffootballorbaseballinAmerica.B.Inmyopinion,you’dbettertrytodothefollowingthings.C.Thestrongeryouare,themorehighlypeoplewillthinkofyou.D.MyfriendMadisonfromVirginiasaiditshowsrespecttoothers.E.However,allthisdoesn’tmeanthattheAmericanwayisalwaystherightway.F.It’snotnecessarytobeafanoffootballorfixyourTVchanneltobaseballgames.G.Herearetwoexamples:holdingthedoorforpeoplebehindyouandgivingtheseatonabustooldpeople.【答案】31.B32.D33.G34.F35.E【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。因為和美國的男孩有點不同，所以如果你想去美國，你最好做好充分的準備。文章主要列舉了一些去美國前需要做的事情。【31題詳解】根據上文“HEYboys,attentionplease!IfyouwanttogototheUS,you’dbetterbefullyprepared,because,well,youandtheboysintheUSareabitdifferent.(嘿，男孩們，請注意！如果你想去美國，你最好做好充分的準備，因為，嗯，你和美國的男孩有點不同)”結合后文提到了一些去美國前需要做的事情，故B選項“在我看來，你最好試著做以下幾件事”符合語境，故選B。【32題詳解】根據上文“Firstly,knowhowtoknotatie.IntheUS,everyboyaboveschoolagewearssuitswhentheygotoweddings.(首先，知道如何打領帶。在美國，每個超過學齡的男孩去參加婚禮時都穿西裝)”可知，上文提到了男孩去參加婚禮時穿西裝的習俗，可推知本句應承接上文說明這么做的原因是：表明對他人的尊重。故D選項“我來自弗吉尼亞的朋友麥迪遜說這是對他人的尊重。”符合語境，故選D。【33題詳解】根據上文“Secondly,beagentleman.IknowinChinasomeboysarestillproudofbeingstrong.ButintheUS,agoodmanshouldalsobepolite.(第二，做一個紳士。我知道在中國一些男孩仍然為自己的強壯感到驕傲。但在美國，一個好男人也應該有禮貌)”可知，本段主要是關于做一個紳士的問題，且本句為本段最后一句，應當承接上文，舉例說明做紳士的例子。故G選項“這里有兩個例子：為你身后的人扶門和在公共汽車上給老人讓座”符合語境，故選G。【34題詳解】根據上文“Chineseboyslikepingpong,basketballandsoccer,butAmericanboyslovefootballandbaseball.Theygetveryhappywhentheyplayandwatchthesesports.(中國男孩喜歡乒乓球、籃球和足球，但美國男孩喜歡足球和棒球。當他們玩和觀看這些運動時，他們非常高興)”以及后文“Butinordertowatchthesportswithotherboys,atleastlearningsomeruleswouldhelp.(但是為了和其他男孩一起看比賽，至少學習一些規則會有幫助)”可知，上文提到了美國男孩對足球和棒球的喜愛，而下文用but進行轉折，可推知本句旨在說明中國男孩不要為了讓自己對足球和棒球感興趣而成為球迷或終日觀看這些比賽，且F選項中afanoffootball可對應上文中lovefootball。故F選項“沒有必要成為一個足球迷或者把你的電視頻道固定在棒球比賽上”符合語境，故選F。【35題詳解】根據后文“Wesometimesneedtoknowtheimportanceofanotherculture,butdon’tfeelyouhavetoknowthatifitmakesyouunfortable.(我們有時需要了解另一種文化的重要性，但如果它讓你感到不舒服，你就不必了解了)”結合上文提到的是一些去美國需要做的事情，可推知本句與上文形成轉折，說明美國的方式也不一定總是正確的，如果其中的文化讓人感覺不舒服，就不必去了解了。故E選項“然而，所有這一切并不意味著美國的方式總是正確的方式”符合語境，故選E。四、完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，共15分)閱讀短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選擇最佳選項。“Dad,youdorememberthatyoupromisedtoetomyclasstomorrow,right?”JennyaskedDadbeforeshewenttobed.“Iremember,___36___IamnotsureifIcanbethere,”saidDad.“Itmightbeaverybusydaytomorrow.”“ButDad,ourteacherhasaskedallthestudentstoinviteoneoftheir___37___toeandtellusaboutthejobsthattheydo.Thatwaywecangeta(n)___38___ofwhatwemightliketodosomeday.Tomorrowisthedaythatwassetaside(留出)foryou.Someofthekids’parents___39___cameinthepastweeks.Ireallyhopeyoucanetoo,“saidJennyeagerly(渴求地).”Iwilltrymybest,butIjustwantedtoletyou___40___thatImaynotbeabletomakeit,“saidDad.ThenextdayJenny___41___nervouslyinherseat.Shewas___42___herfatherwouldnotetoherclass.Itseemedasiftheclockstoodstill.___43___,thewaitwasoverandtheteacherstoodupfromherdesk.“Okay,class.Wehaveaveryspecial___44___forParentJobDaytoday,”theteachersaid.Thenshe___45___theclassroomandbroughtinacart(手推車)thatwascoveredwithacloth(布).Everyonetriedtosee___46___wasunderthecloth.Justthen,Jenny’sdadwalkedin.“Hi,boysandgirls.IamJenny’sfather,andIamabaker(面包師).IhavebroughtsomethingthatI___47___justforyou.YoumayeachhaveoneofthecupcakesthatImade.Theyarespecialbecausetheyaresugarfree.Hopeyoulike___48___,”Jenny’sdadsmiled.“Eve