英語語言學試題（2）一、單項選擇題(在每小題的四個備選答案中，選出一個正確答案，并將正確答案的序號填在題干的括號內。每小題2分，共20分)

1.B

2.D

3.D

4.D

5.B

6.A

7.B

8.C

9.A

10.B

1.Thepairofwords“lend”and“borrow”are___.(

)

A.gradableopposites

B.relationalopposites

C.co-hyponyms

D.synonyms

2.ThediscoveryofIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkoftheBritishscholar

.(

)

A.JacobGrimm

B.RasmusRask

C.FranzBopp

D.SirWilliamJones

3.Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas__.(

)

A.unusual

B.somethingtobefeared

C.abnormal

D.natural

4.__producefastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthecontentoftheirspeechrangesfrommildlyinappropriatetocompletenonsense,oftenasunintelligible.(

)

A.Broca'saphasic

B.Thelinguisticdeprivation

C.Thedamageontheangulargyrus

D.Wernicke'saphasic

5.SomeSouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosay“night”as“light”.Thisshows:

.(

)

A.Theycannotpronounce/n/

B.Interlangueinterferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmothertongue

C.Theteachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethod

D.Theydonotliketopronouncenasalsounds

6.Awordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled__word.(

)

A.apolysemous

B.asynonymous

C.anabnormal

D.amultiple

7.Thefunctionofthesentence“Aniceday,isn'tit?”is__.(

)

A.informative

B.phatic

C.directive

D.performative

8.ThemostrecognizabledifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharein__andvocabulary.(

)

A.usage

B.grammar

C.pronunciation

D.structure

9.__dealswiththewayinwhichalanguagevariesthroughgeographicalspace.(

)

A.Linguisticgeography

B.Lexicology

C.Lexicography

D.Sociolinguistics

10.Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“gentleman”canbeexpressedas__.(

)

A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult

B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult

C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult

D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult二、填空題(每空1分，共10分)

11.Asentenceisastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesanumberofw________toformacompletestatement,q________orcommand.

12.Insociolinguisticstudies,speakersaretreatedasmembersofs__g________.

13.Utteranceisbasedon________

________;itis

therealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunication,orsimplyinacontext.

14.Tomanypeople,alinguististhesameasa________,onewhocanspeakseverallanguagesfluently.

15.Consonantsoundscanbeeither

v________orv__,whileallvowelsoundsarev________.三、判斷說明題(判斷下列各小題，正確的在題后括號內寫“T”，錯的寫“F”，并說明理由。每小題2分，共20分)

16.Allwordsmaybesaidtocontainarootmorpheme.(

)

17.Tenseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.(

)

18.Linguisticsisthecourseoflanguage.(

)

19.Thepartofasentencewhichcompriesecomprisesaninfiniteverboraverbphraseisgrammaticallycalledpredicate.(

)

20.Historicallinguisticsequalstothestudyofsynchronicstudy.(

)

21.Thetermdialect,asatechnicalterminlinguistics,carriesvaluejudgmentandnotsimplyreferstoadistinctformoflanguage.(

)

22.Morphologyistranslatedas形態學。(

)

23.Theword“photographically”ismadeupof4morphemes.(

)

24.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageisallomorph.(

)

25.Semanticsisthemainpartoflinguistics.(

)四、名詞解釋(每小題3分，共30分)

26.generallinguistics

27.suprasegmentalfeatures

28.rootandstem

29.hierarchicalstructure

30.namingtheoryandconceptualistview

31.maximsofqualityandmanner

32.blending

33.sociolect

34.subvocalspeech

35.contrastiveanalysis五、論述題(每小題10分，共20分)

36.Paraphraseeachofthefollowingsentencesintwodifferentwaystoshowthesyntacticrulesaccountfortheambiguityofsentences.

(1)Theshootingofthehuntersmightbeterrible.

(2)Hesawyoungmenandwomenpresent.

(3)Theyweresurprisedatthepresident'sappointment.

37.Decidethemeaningofthefollowingaffixesandgiveeachaffixtwoexamples.

re-

un-

anti-

super-

-wise

-itis

-ize

-age

英語語言學試題（2）參考答案一、單項選擇題(每小題2分，共20分)

1.B

2.D

3.D

4.D

5.B

6.A

7.B

8.C

9.A

10.B

二、填空題(每空1分，共10分)

11.wordsquestion

12.socialgroups

13.sentencemeaning

14.polyglot

15.voiceless

voiced

voiced

三、判斷說明題(每小題2分，共20分)

16.T

17.F(Senseandreference…)

18.F(scientificstudyoflanguage)

19.F(finiteverb…)

20.F(diachronic)

21.F(novaluejudgement)

22.T

23.T

24.F(morpheme)

25.F(oneoftheparts)

四、名詞解釋(每小題3分，共30分)

26.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalledgenerallinguistics.

27.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegments.

28.Thebaseformofaword;theexistingformtowhichaderivationalaffixcanbeadded.

29.Thesentencestructurethatgroupswordsintostructuralconstituentsandshowsthesyntacticcategoriesofeachstructuralconstituent,suchasNPandVP.

30.Thewordsofalanguagearelabelsoftheobjectstheystandfor;alinguisticformislinkedthroughconceptstowhatitrefersto.

31.Donotsaywhatyoubelievetobefalseorwithoutadequateevident;Avoidobscurityofexpressionandambiguity,bebriefandorderly.

32.Aprocessofforminganewwordbycombiningpartsofotherwords.

33.Avarietyoflanguagesusedbyasocialclass.

34.Thoughtwhenitisclosetolanguage.

35.Acomparativeproceduretoestablishlinguisticdifferencesbetweenlanguagesfor