必修三Unit3知識點全面背記清單人教版（2019）（單詞、句型、語法、習(xí)作）Unit3一．教材詞匯及其用法1.diverse[da??v??s]adj 不同的;多種多樣的diversity n. 差異(性);不同(點);多樣性diversifyv.使多樣化diverselyadv.不同地，各種各樣地Thebeautyoftheworldliesinthediversityofitspeople.世界之美源自人之多樣。Individualdiversitywillleadtodifferentresultsinthesecondlanguagelearning2.fortune[?f??t?u?n]n.機會;運氣fortunecookie 幸運曲奇Fortuneneverhelpsthemanwhosecouragefails.運氣永遠(yuǎn)不會幫助沒有勇氣的人。Ienviedhergoodfortune我羨慕她的好運氣。(1)makeafortune發(fā)財havethegoodfortunetodo...有幸做……tryone'sfortune碰運氣seekone'sfortune尋找成功致富之路;闖世界fortunateadj.幸運的fortunatelyadv.幸運地;吉利地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地①He_________bysellinghouseswhenyoung.年輕時，他靠賣房子發(fā)了財。②Manyyoungpeoplewanttoliveinbigcities___________許多年輕人想生活在大城市里來尋找成功致富之路。3.gumbo[?g?mb??]n. 秋葵湯(用秋葵英做的濃雞湯或海鮮湯4.nachos[?n?t???z] n. [pl]墨西哥玉米片5.chip[t??p]n. (英)炸土豆條;(美)炸薯片;芯片;碎片chipsofwood碎木屑6.cheese[t?i?z] n.干酪;奶酪acheesesandwich/salad奶酪三明治/色拉7.spicy[?spa?si]adj. 加有香料的;辛辣的Thesouptastedmildlyspicy.湯嘗起來略有點辣.8.ethnic[?eθn?k]adj. 具有民族特色的;異國風(fēng)味的;民族的;種族的9.admit[?d'm?t]vi.＆vt.承認(rèn)vt.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(或加入)Ihavetoadmitthatitdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.我得承認(rèn)，再次回到城里的感覺實在是太棒了。Shestubbornlyrefusestoadmitthetruth.admit...to/into...準(zhǔn)許…進(jìn)人…準(zhǔn)許……加人……beadmittedto/into….被……錄取；被……接納:成為……的一員admit(to)sth.承認(rèn)某事admittosb.that...向某人承認(rèn)……admitdoingsth./havingdonesth.承認(rèn)做了某事admit(that)...承認(rèn)……admissionn.[C]承認(rèn),招認(rèn):[U.C]準(zhǔn)許加人;[U]人場費gain/obtainadmissionto/into...獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)人/加人……[名師點津]admit后跟動詞ing形式,但不能跟不定式作賓語。(1).Sheapologizedtomeandadmitted________(take)myumbrellabymistake.(2)Sheapologizedtomeandadmitted(to)havingtakenmyumbrellabymistake.(3).NewscamefromtheschoolthatWangLin____(admit)to/intoPekingUniversity.10.definitely [?def?n?tli] adv. 肯定;確實11.occur[??k??(r)] vi. 發(fā)生;出現(xiàn)Theearthquakeoccuredin1906Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.ItoccurredtomethatIcouldhavethebooksenttomeoccur—occurred—occurredoccurringsth.occurtosb.被某人想到Itoccurstosbtodosth某人想到做某事Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that…某人想到(1)Agoodideaoccurred________meallatonce.(2)___________occurredto/struck/hitherthatsheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.12.downtown[?da?nta?n]adv.在市中心;往市中心workdowntown在商業(yè)中心區(qū)工作13.mission [?m??n] n. 傳教(區(qū));重要任務(wù);使命afactfindingmission核查事實的工作14.district [?d?str?kt] n. 地區(qū);區(qū)域aschooldistrict學(xué)區(qū)15.graffiti [ɡr??fi?ti]n. [pl]涂鴉;胡寫亂畫16ic[?k?m?k] n. 連環(huán)畫雜志;漫畫雜志;喜劇演員adj.滑稽的;使人發(fā)笑的Theplayisbothicandtragic.這部劇既滑稽又悲慘。I

saw

the

child

reading

a

ic.

17.afterwards ad. 以后;后來18.headto/for(朝…)前進(jìn);(向…)去1).Heheadedto/forthebusstop.2).Ifyouworkhardandnevergiveup,youwillheadforsuccesssoonerorlater.19.historical [h??st?r?kl] adj. (有關(guān))歷史的主要指歷史上發(fā)生過或存在過的,側(cè)重強調(diào)其真實性.如：ahistoricalnovel歷史小說ahistoricalcharacter歷史人物historic主要指歷史上有名或具有歷史意義,側(cè)重強調(diào)其影響性。如：

ahistoriccharacter歷史名人ahistoricbuilding具有歷史意義的建筑20.seek [si?k](1)vt&vi.尋求,謀求;尋找;v.(向人)請求(2)vi.試圖,設(shè)法seeksoughtsought的過去式Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseektheirfortune,seek(for)sth./sb.尋找某物/某人過去分詞均為seek...fromsb.向某人請求……seekone'sfortune外出尋找發(fā)財機會,外出闖蕩seektodosth.(=trytodosth.)試圖做某事,設(shè)法做某事seekout挑選出;物色到Heisamanwholikesseeking_________wealthandpower.(2)Hesought_________hisfriendinthecrowd.21.earn[??n](1)vt&vi.賺得,掙得(2)v.博得,贏得Toearnaliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantinChinatown.為了謀生,有些人在唐人街開起了商店和餐館。earntherespect/trustofsb.(=earnsb.'srespect/trust)贏得某人的尊敬/信任earnmoney=makemoney賺錢,掙錢earnone's/aliving(by…)(靠……)謀生相當(dāng)于earnaliving謀生earnsb..….為某人贏得/博得……earnsb.aplace贏得一席之地earnfame/areputation贏得名聲He____________bysellingnewspaperswhenhewasyoung.他年輕時靠賣報謀生。22.immigrant[??m?ɡr?nt] n. (外來)移民;外僑23.select [s??lekt]vt. 選擇;挑選;選拔selectionn.挑選；選擇selectiveadj選擇認(rèn)真的IselectedaCantoneserestaurantthatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.我挑了一家粵菜館,他們端出來的食物是放在精美的瓷盤子上的。selectsb.todosth.挑選某人做某事selectsb.as...挑選某人擔(dān)任……awideselectionof..各種各樣(1)Yorkwasselected_______thesitefortheresearch.(2)Simonhasbeenselected____(go)toattendtheconference24.china n. 瓷;瓷器25.bar[bɑ?(r)] n. 酒吧;小吃店;小館子Wemetatabar26.diagram [?da??ɡr?m] n. 簡圖;圖解;圖表;示意圖27.journal [?d???nl] n. 日志;日記;報紙;刊物28.claim(1)vt.(災(zāi)難、事故等)都走，奪去(生命)(2)v.&n.[C]聲稱,宣稱,斷言(3)v.索要,索取;vt.認(rèn)領(lǐng)n[C](尤指向公司、政府等)索款,索賠Over3,000livesereclaimedinthe19usSanFranciscoearthquakeandtheseriesoffiresthatoccurredafter.在1906年日金山地震和隨后發(fā)生的一連串的災(zāi)災(zāi)中，有3000多人喪生claim(that)….聲稱……Itisclaimedthat...據(jù)說……claimtodosth.聲稱做某事claimtohavedonesth.聲稱做過某事makeaclaim索賠Iftheproblemisinthegoodsitself,youmaymake_____claimonthesupplier.Severalpassersby__________(claim)tohavewitnessedtheaccident.Thecaraccident__________(claim)fivelivessofar.29.series [?s??ri?z] n. 一系列;連續(xù);接連seriesof 一系列或一連串(事件)30..apartfrom (especiallyNAMEasidefrom 除了……外(還);此外Apartfrombeingthekingdomofflowers,itishometomanyethnicminoritygroups.(云南)除了是花的王國以外，還是許多少數(shù)民族的居住地。apartfrom相當(dāng)于asidefrom,后接名詞、代詞或ving作賓語,apartfrom有以下兩種含義:(1)除了……外(還),此外,加之(相當(dāng)于inadditionto,besides或aswellas)Apartfromitsgeographicaldiversity,Canada'smanyareasreflectthediversityofitsresidents.除了其地理上的多樣性,加拿大的許多地區(qū)還反映了其居民的多樣性。(2)除了……外(都)(相當(dāng)于exceptfor或but)Wedidn'tseeanyoneallday,apartfromacoupleofkidsonthebeach.除了海灘上的幾個小孩子兒，我們一整天沒見到什么人。(1)_____________them,Ihadnoonetotalkto.除了他們，我找不到說話的人。(2)______________,thepositionisfairlygood除了一些拼寫錯誤,這篇作文寫得很不錯。31.minority [ma??n?r?ti] n. 少數(shù)民族;少數(shù)派;少數(shù)人32..escape[??ske?p]vi..＆vt.逃走;逃脫;避開n.逃跑;逃脫;解脫vt.被忘掉,被忽視,未被注意(不用于被動語態(tài))。通常用物作主語。AftervisitingthesouthernpartofYunnan,IhavetoadmitthatitisthebestregionofChinatoescapethecoldwinter.參觀了云南的南部地區(qū)后,我不得不承認(rèn),它是在中國躲避寒冷冬季的最佳地區(qū)。escapefrom...從……中逃離fireescape太平梯escapedeath死里逃生narrowlyescapedoingsth.險些做某事makeone'sescape逃走h(yuǎn)aveanarrowescape死里逃生escapeone'sattention/notice逃過某人的注意,被某人忽視Noonecanescaped_________(punish)ifhebreakslaw.He__________________duringthewar.他在戰(zhàn)爭中九死一生。33.bringabout意為"導(dǎo)致,引起”,相當(dāng)于cause,leadto或resultin等。Whatdoyouthinkbroughtabouttheculturaldiversity?你認(rèn)為是什么導(dǎo)致這種文化的多樣性?Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.點撥歸納：bringalong帶來,帶上bringdown減少,降低;使垮臺,使下臺bringback把……送回,歸還;恢復(fù);使想起bringup撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育;提出bringin介紹;引進(jìn);賺錢,獲利bringout使顯現(xiàn);出版;闡明[應(yīng)用融會](1)Whatbrought___________thefailureofthebusiness?(2)I'dliketobring___________DoctorHallhereandaskhimforhisviews.34.Atlantic[?t?l?nt?k]adj 大西洋的35.financial [fa??n?n?l]adj.財政的;財務(wù)的;金融的financen.財政，金融；資金36.poetry[?p???tri] n. 詩集;詩歌;詩作poem[C]詩poet詩人poetry[U]詩集37.jeans [d?i?nz n. 牛仔褲38.boot [bu?t]n. 靴子apairofblackleatherboots一雙黑皮靴39.mushroom[?m??r?m] n.蘑菇;gomushrooming采蘑菇40.poisonous[?p??z?n?s] adj. 引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的poison n. 毒物;毒藥;毒素W.毒死;毒害foodpoisoning食物中毒poisonousmushroom有毒的蘑菇41.fold[f??ld] v.包;裹;折疊vt.＆vi.(可)折小;(可)疊平First，foldthepaperinhalf/intwo.首先，把紙對折起來。42.super [?su?p?(r)]adv 特別;格外adj，頂好的;超級的43.collection[k??lek?n]n.作品集;收集物;收藏品collectvt.收集collectstamps/evidence/information/data收集郵票/證據(jù)/信息/數(shù)據(jù)ItisevenmentionedintheoldestcollectionofChinesepoetry.……它甚至在中國最古老的詩集中也有提及。TwoyearsagoTompublisheda______ofshortstories.44.accessory [?k?ses?ri] n.配飾;附件;配件45.souvenir [?su?v??n??(r)] n.紀(jì)念物;紀(jì)念品asouvenirshop紀(jì)念品商店46.percentage[p??sent?d?] n.百分率;百分比Whatpercentageofthepopulationis/areoverweight?身體超重的人占人口多大的百分比？47.climate[?kla?m?t] n.氣候amild/temperateclimate溫和的/暖和的氣候48.mild [ma?ld] ad. 溫和的;和善的;輕微的amildpunishment輕微的責(zé)罰49.settle[?setl] vt.＆vi.定居;結(jié)束(爭論);解決(糾紛Historically,Chineseimmigrantssettledintheareaduringtherailroadconstructionandgoldrushperiod.歷史上,在修筑鐵路和淘金熱時期,來自中國的移民定居于此。Aftergraduation,theymadeuptheirmindstogoandsettleinthecountryside.畢業(yè)后，他們決心到農(nóng)村安家落戶。[點撥歸納](1)settlein/into安頓下來;習(xí)慣于;適應(yīng)settledown(使)安定;定居settledowntosth.著手認(rèn)真做某事(2)settlementn.解決;定居settlern.移居者;殖民者Havingsettled______abeautifulvillage,hesettleddown__________hisresearch.Withtheproblem___________(settle),hewenthomehappily.50.construction[k?n?str?k?n]n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短語等的)結(jié)構(gòu)Theworkersareconstructingthebridgedamagedbythe.,andthebridgeunderconstructionconnectstheroadwiththetown.工人們正在修建被洪水沖毀的橋，正在修建的橋連接著公路和城鎮(zhèn)。constructvt.建設(shè);修建(be)underconstruction=(be)beingconstructed正在建設(shè)中(1)Theyareplanningto______________.他們正在計劃建造一個新的超市。(2)Thenewairportunderconstructionliesintheeastofthecity.=Thenewairport______________(construct)liesintheeastofthecity.51.material [m??t??ri?l] n. 材料;布料;素材adj.物質(zhì)的;實際的52.tonamebutafew 僅舉幾例Lotsofourfriendsareing:Anne,KenandGeorge,tonamebutafew.我們的很多朋友都來了：安妮、肯和喬治，僅舉幾個例子。53.taichi [?ta?'t?i?] n. 太極拳54.clothing [?kl??e??] n. 衣服;服裝55.herbal[?h??bl]adj. 藥草的;香草的56.suit[su?t] vt. 適合;滿足…需要;相配;合身n.西服;套裝ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone'staste,withtraditionaldishesfromalloverChina.這里有著來自中國各地的傳統(tǒng)菜肴，各種口味，應(yīng)有盡有。Aguestshouldsuittheconvenienceofthehost.客隨主便。(1)suitsth.tosth.使某物適合于另一事物(2)suitableadj.適合的;適宜的;相配的besuitableforsb./sth.適合某人/某物besuitabletodosth.適合做某事(1)Hedressedin____________________。他穿上最好的套裝。(2)Hecan______________whoeverheiswith.無論跟誰說話，他都能說到一塊兒。57.atfirsthand第一手;親自Igottheinformationatfirsthand.我直接得到情報.58.item [?a?t?m] n. 項目;一件商品(或物品);一條(新聞)CanIpayforeachitemseparately?我能否一件一件地分別付錢？58.contain [k?n?te?n] vt. 包含;含有;容納Doesthecity/townintroductioncontainalltheimportantinformation?這座城市城鎮(zhèn)的介紹包含所有重要信息嗎?Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapples/applesincluded.這個容器中盛著各種水果其中包括蘋果。containoneself自我克制containern.容器(1)I'mgladtofindthebookwhich___________Ineed.我很高興找到了那本包含我所需要的一切信息的書。(2)IwassoangrythatIcouldn't_________________.。我太生氣了，以至于無法克制自己。[名師點津]contain指某物裝在比其更大的物體內(nèi)，也指某物中含有某成分，而include指某物為整體的一部分或某一要素。neat [ni?t]adj 極好的;整潔的;整齊的neathandwriting工整的筆跡二、句子句型1.ItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著居民就住在加利福尼亞州了。[分析點撥]句中itislikelythat+句子=sb./sth.belikelytodo...“某人/物可能做……”。[應(yīng)用融會](完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換)(1)_____________shewaswatchingTVathomelastnight.她有可能昨天晚上在家里看電視。(2)Itislikelythatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.→You_________frombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.如果你繼續(xù)吸煙,你的身體健康有可能會受到損害。[拓展發(fā)散]表示“有可能……”的句型還有:It'sprobablethat...It'spossiblethat...It'spossibleforsb.todosth.(3)Itispossibleforhertosetaworldrecordagain.→Itis_________thatshewillsetaworldrecordagain.她有可能會再次創(chuàng)造世界紀(jì)錄。2.Whatdoyouthinkbroughtabouttheculturaldiversity?你認(rèn)為是什么導(dǎo)致了這種文化的多樣性?bringabout意為"導(dǎo)致,引起”,相當(dāng)于cause,leadto或resultin等。Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlives.點撥歸納：bringalong帶來,帶上bringdown減少,降低;使垮臺,使下臺bringback把……送回,歸還;恢復(fù);使想起bringup撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育;提出bringin介紹;引進(jìn);賺錢,獲利bringout使顯現(xiàn);出版;闡明(1)Whatbrought___________thefailureofthebusiness?(2)I'dliketobring___________DoctorHallhereandaskhimforhisviews.三、語法【語法圖解】【探究】1.Thoughtired,theywentonworking.2.Doesn'tmatter.3.(課本P28)Thisdistrictusedtobeapoorareaoftown,butisnowacentreforart,music,andfood.4.(課本P28)Arealmixofcultureshere!5.Hopetohearfromyousoon.【歸納】上述句子中,1為的省略;2,3,5為省略;4為的省略。

為了避免重復(fù),將句子中的一個或幾個成分省去,這種語法現(xiàn)象叫省略。省略是避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種語法手段。英語中的省略有下列幾種情況。【詳解】在英語中,為了使句子簡潔明快突出重點,常常省略句中的一個或幾個成分,只要不影響句意表達(dá),某些情況下,能省略的成分盡可能省略。一、詞法的省略1.動詞不定式的省略①Hedidn'te,butheoughttohave(e).他沒來,但他本應(yīng)該來。②Hiswishistoearnalotofmoneyand(to)buyhismotherabighouse.他的愿望是賺很多錢給媽媽買所大房子。2.介詞的省略Ihavesometrouble(in)learningEnglish.我學(xué)英語有些困難。3.替代性省略①—CanIputmybikehere?—You'dbetternot.—“我可以把我的自行車放在這兒嗎?”—“你最好不要。”②—Cantheyfinishtheirworktoday?—“他們今天能完成工作嗎?”—Ithinkso./Idon'tthinkso/Ithinknot.—“我認(rèn)為能”/“我認(rèn)為不能。”二、句法的省略1.簡單句的省略(Isthere)Anythingelse?還有其他事嗎?2.并列句中的省略Sammusthavebeenplayingfootballatthattime,andhissister(musthavebeen)playingthepiano.那時山姆一定在踢足球,而他妹妹一定在彈鋼琴。3.復(fù)合句中的省略①He'stheman(who/that)youcansafelydependon.(定語從句的省略)他是你能放心信賴的人。②IknowthatamoviestarwilletoourcitybutIdon'tknowwhen(hewilletoourcity).(賓語從句的省略)我知道一個電影明星要來我們城市,但我不知道他什么時候來。③Although(hewas)hardworking,hecouldn'tearnenoughtosupporthimself.(狀語從句的省略)盡管他努力工作,他的收入還是不夠養(yǎng)活自己。④Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).(比較結(jié)構(gòu)的省略)(你做得)越早,(結(jié)果就會)越好。⑤Hadyouehereyesterday,youwouldhavemether.(虛擬語氣中的省略)如果你昨天來這兒的話,你就會見到她了。注意:在虛擬條件句中常省略if,將were,had,should提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。⑥Weinsistedthatthey(should)gowithus.我們堅決要求他們和我們一起走。4.if的省略結(jié)構(gòu)Theislandisseldom,ifever,visitedbyships.(=iftheislandhaseverbeenvisitedbyships)這個島難得有船停靠。Ifpossible,letmeknowinadvance.如果可能的話,提前告訴我。寫作Writeabrochureforyourhometown面積36357平方千米briefintroduction位置河北省西北部氣候四季分明別稱張垣語言蔚縣方言，壩上方言body旅游景點張北草原，暖泉古鎮(zhèn)，雞鳴古驛其他崇禮冬奧會美食莜面，炸糕①張家口市位于河北省西北部belocatedin②張家口占地面積36357平方千米coversanareaof...③張家口被稱為“張垣”。beknownas④張家口氣候四季分明，這意味著任何時候都適宜來游覽。havefourdistinctseasonsTranslateitintoEnglish①ZhangjiakouislocatedinthenorthwestofHebeiProvince.②Zhangjiakoucoversanareaof36357squarekilometers.③ZhangjiakouisknownasthelandofZhangyuan.④Zhangjiakouhasfourdistinctseasons,meaningit'salwaysagoodtimetovisitUpgradeyoursentencesLocatedinthenorthwestofHebeiProvince,coveringanareaof36357squarekilometers,Zhangjiakou,whichisknownasthelandofZhangyuan,hasfourdistinctseasons,meaningit'salwaysagoodtimetovisit.⑤張家口當(dāng)?shù)靥厣窖杂形悼h話、壩上方言,這些方言有些難懂。⑥張家口有許多旅游景點，如張北草原、暖泉古鎮(zhèn)和雞鳴古驛，僅舉幾例。⑦張家口崇禮成功舉辦了2022年冬奧會，吸引了大量來自世界各地的游客。⑧如果你來張家口，你肯定不能錯過當(dāng)?shù)孛牢兜氖澄铮ㄝ妫ǜ獾萿sefulexpressions方言dialect旅游景點touristsites/attractions/draws僅舉幾例tonamebutafew肯定definitelytranslateitintoEnglish⑤張家口當(dāng)?shù)靥厣窖杂形悼h話、壩上方言,這些方言有些難懂TheuniquedialectsinZhangjiakouareYuxiandialectandBashangdialect.Thesedialectsarehardtounderstand.UpgradeyoursentencesTheuniquedialectsinZhangjiakouareYuxiandialectandBashangdialect，whicharehardtounderstand.translateitintoEnglishTherearemanyfamoustouristattractionsinZhangjiakou,suchasthegrasslandinZhangbei,NuanquanandtheJimingancientcourierstation,tonamebutafew.translateitintoEnglish⑦張家口崇禮成功舉辦了2022年冬奧會，吸引了大量來自世界各地的游客2022winterOlympicGameswasheldinChongliZhangjiakousuccessfully.ThewinterOlympicsattractedtouristsallovertheworld.Upgradeyoursentences2022winterOlympicGameswasheldinChongliZhangjiakousuccessfully,whichattractedtouristsallovertheworld.HeldinChongliZhangjiakousuccessfully,thewinterOlympicsattractedtouristsalloverthewo