EnjoyingCambridgeBookIPAGE5-享在劍橋大學實用英語綜合教程第一冊電子教案及備課筆記基礎部英語教研室編 2008．9．2UnitSixATeachingObjectivesa.ContentsofthetextFocus1:Helptheyoungstudentsunderstandthemeaningofunconditionallove,thatis,peopleshouldnotonlylovethosewhoaregood-lookingorfuntohavearound.Focus2:b.KeylanguagepointsinthetextFocus1:1.Wordssuchastreat,favor,praise,campaignandburdenmayfunctionbothasanounandasaverb.2.Indefinitepronouns.3.Modalverbphrasewouldrather…that…4.“verb+it+adj.+inf.”Pattern.c.VocabularyFocus1:20B-levelwords,14A-levelwords,10phrasesandexpressionslistedunderVocabulary.Focus2:15B-levelwords,12A-levelwords,6phrasesandexpressionslistedunderVocabulary.d.ComprehensiveskillsUnderstandapassageatthepre-intermediatelevelofdifficultyandonthisbasis,beabletowriteasummaryofthetext.e.FunctionsFocus1:ExpressingSympathy.Focus2:WritingaLetterofSympathy.

好感，喜愛e.g.(1)I’vecometoaskyouafavor.我是來向你請求幫助的。(2)Canyoudomeafavortobuymeadictionary?你可以幫我買一本字典嗎？(3)Thisstyleofdressingisoutoffavor.這種穿著款式不再受人喜愛了。’dlike=wouldlike:towish,want想要；愿意e.g.(1)Iwouldlikesomedrinks.我想要一些飲料。(2)Manypeoplewouldliketotakeholidaysabroad.許多人想到國外度假。(3)Iwouldlikehimtodoit.我想要他來做這件事。QuestionsAboutPara.4(4)Whatdidtheyoungmantellhisparentsabouthisfriend?(5)Couldtheyoungman’sfriendfindaplacetolivewhenhewentbackafterthewar?(6)Whatarrangementsdidtheyoungmanmakeforhisdisabledfriend?NotesofPara.4disclose:vt.tomakesth.knowntothepublic透露；揭開；揭發；露出e.g.(1)Hedisclosedthesecrettome.他向我透露了這個秘密。(2)Hedisclosedthathisfatherhadownedasmallshop.他透露他父親曾經擁有一家小商店。(3)Thecasewasdisclosedbyayoungman.這個案子是一個年輕人揭發出來的。(4)Heclearedawaythegrassanddisclosedanarrowopening.他清掉雜草，露出了一個狹小的洞口。nowhereelse:noanyotherplaces任何地方都不，沒有其他地方e.g.Iamgoingtonowhereelse.我不準備再去別的什么地方了。Hehasnowhereelsetogo.可理解為：Hecangonowhereelse.feel/beobligedtosb.:youaregratefultosb.對某人表示感激e.g.(1)Weareobligedtoyoufordinner.謝謝你請我們吃飯。(2)Iamsomuchobligedtoyouforyourkindness.我非常感謝你的好意。QuestionAboutParas.5&7(7)Whatdidtheyoungman’sparentssayinresponsetotheirson’ssuggestion?(8)Whydidn’ttheparentsliketolivewiththeirson’sfriend?NotesofPara.7interferewith:topreventsth.fromsucceedingorfrombeingdoneorhappeningasplanned妨礙e.g.(1)Idon’tallowmypersonalaffairstointerferewithmywork.我從不讓個人事情妨礙工作。(2)Doyouletsportinterferewithyourstudies?你會讓運動影響你的學習嗎？QuestionsAboutPara.8(9)Howdidthesonrespond?(10)Didtheyoungmanphonehisparentsagain?(11)Fromwheredidtheyoungman’sparentsreceiveacall?(12)Whatweretheparentstoldbythecaller?(13)Whatdidtheparentsfindoutwhentheyweretakentothehospitaltoidentifythebodyoftheirson?NotesofPara.8scarcely…when(before)…:onlyamomentagobefore剛一……就……e.g.(1)(2)ScarcelyhadIarrivedbeforehecameouttomeetme.我剛到他便出來迎接了。注意：scarcely要放在句首，謂語動詞用完成體；時間狀語從句可以用when，也可以用before。hung是hang的過去式和過去分詞，可作不及物動詞和及物動詞，意為“tofixsomethingatthetopsothatthelowerpartfallsfreely懸掛，吊；吊死，絞死”。注意：當hang意為“懸掛，吊”時，其過去式和過去分詞為：hung,hung。而當其意為“吊死，絞死”時，其過去式和過去分詞為：hanged,hanged。e.g.(1)Curtainshangatthewindows.窗簾掛在窗上。(2)Hehunghishead.他低下了頭。(3)hangup:toputthereceiveronthehookofthetelephone掛斷（電話）e.g.(1)Ihungupwhenourtalkwasthrough.我們談完后，我就把電話掛斷了。(2)Carol’smothertoldhershehadtalkedlongenoughonthephoneandmadeherhangup.卡羅爾的母親對她說她已聊了夠長時間了，讓她把電話掛斷。takeone’sownlife:tokilloneself自殺e.g.(1)Indespairathisfailure,hetookhisownlife.他因失敗而絕望地自殺了。(2)sadden:vt./vi.tomakesb.sad使悲傷，使傷心，對……感到悲傷e.g.(1)Herdeathsaddenedhim.她的死讓他悲傷不已。(2)Shesaddenedatthethoughtofhisdeparture.想到他的離去，她就覺得很傷心。sadden由形容詞sad變化而來。不少形容詞加后綴-en變成動詞，例如fat→fatten肥胖，使肥胖。castone’seyesoversth.:tolookatorexaminesth.quickly粗略地看一看，匆匆查看，用眼光一瞥（或掃）e.g.Couldyoujustcastyoureyesoverthisnews?你就粗略地看一下這則新聞好嗎？cast:vt.todirectone’seyesorlookatsth.將（視線、目光）投向；投，拋，扔；澆鑄，鑄造e.g.(1)Shecasthereyesupproudly.她傲慢地抬起眼睛。(2)Shecasthimadisappointinglook.她失望地看了他一眼。(3)Thefishermancastalargenetaroundaschooloffish.漁夫在一群魚周圍撒了一張大網。(4)Abellwascastforthechurch.為教堂制作了一口鐘。cast的過去式、過去分詞仍為cast。recognize:vt.toknowsomeonewhenyouseehimagain;toknowsomethingbecauseyouhaveseenit,heardit,etc.before認出，識別；承認e.g.(1)Irecognizedhimafterhetookoffhishat.他摘下帽子后我就認出了他。(2)Canyourecognizeherfromthispicture?你能從這張照片中認出她嗎？(3)Histhoroughknowledgewasrecognized.他淵博的學識得到了認可。QuestionsAboutParas.9-10(14)Whatkindofpeoplearetheparentsoftheyoungmaninthestory?(15)Whatlessondoesthisstoryteachus?NotesofParas.9-10Wefindit+adj.+todosth.:相當于Wefinditis+adj.+todosth.。當賓語是動詞不定式或名詞性從句時，須用形式賓語（it），寫成vt.+it+形容詞+不定式或名詞性從句。e.g.(1)Hemadeitclearwhatheintendedtodo.他清楚地表明他想要做什么。(2)Theyfeelitnecessarytoworkharder.他們覺得有必要工作再努力點。例(1)的賓語是whatheintendedtodo，例(2)的賓語是toworkharder。在以上兩個例子中it均是形式賓語。形式賓語使句子更簡潔明了，而且形式賓語就是賓語從句的省略形式。e.g.Ithink(that)itisdifficultformetoexplainthistoyou.=Ithinkitdifficultformetoexplainthistoyou.inconvenience:vt./vi.tocausetroubleordifficultytodisturbsb.給（某人）添麻煩，給（某人）帶來不便；打擾e.g.(1)AmIinconveniencingyouifIparkmycarinfrontofyourhouse?如果我把車停在你家門前會妨礙你嗎？(2)Youwillnotinconvenienceintheleast.你一點也不會打擾到我。wouldrather:wouldprefertodosomething寧可（寧愿），更喜歡e.g.(1)Iwouldratherfailthancheatintheexamination.我寧愿考不及格，也不愿在考試中作弊。(2)Iwouldratherstayathome.我寧可呆在家里。(3)Theywouldrathergofishingthanstayathome.他們寧愿去釣魚，也不愿呆在家里。stayaway:toremainabsentoratadistance遠離；不來；不露面；不在家e.g.(1)Tellhimtostayawayfrommysister!叫他離我妹妹遠點兒!(2)Whydidyoustayawayfromschool?你為什么不來上課?competent:a.properlyorsufficientlyqualifiedorcapableorefficient有能力的，勝任的e.g.(1)IsMarycompetentasateacher?瑪麗能勝任教師的工作嗎？(2)Weknowyouarecompetentindoingthisjob.我們知道你能勝任這項工作。treat:vt.tobehavetowardssomeoneorsomething對待，看待；處理；醫療，醫治；款待，請（客）e.g.(1)Weshouldtreatanimalskindly.我們應該愛護動物。Mymotheralwaystreatsuslikechildren.我媽媽總把我們當小孩子看待。Hewastreatedforsunstroke.他因中暑而接受治療。I’lltreatyouall.我來請大家。Hetreatedhisfriendstosomebeer(theopera).他請朋友們喝了些啤酒（去聽歌劇）。regardlessof:withoutregardorconsiderationof不顧，不管e.g.(1)Theboywentswimminginthedeeplakeregardlessofhismother’sfearsforhissafety.那個男孩不顧母親對他的安全的擔憂，依舊跑到深湖中游泳。(2)Theclubwelcomesallnewmembersregardlessofage.俱樂部對新成員不分年齡一律歡迎。(3)Sheisdeterminedtodotheworkregardlessofallconsequences.她不顧一切后果，決心做這項工作。NotesofParas.11-12indeed:ad.really,truly實際上，的確；確實，實在e.g.(1)Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患難見真情。(2)Heisagreatmanindeed.他的確是一個偉人。(3)Idon’tmind.Indeed,Iamdelightedtohelp.我不介意。其實，我很樂于幫忙。注意：“Friendsareaveryraregift,indeed.”此句采用了比喻的修辭方式。encourage:vt.togivesomeonehope,courage,support,etc.鼓勵，支持，助長e.g.(1)Healwaysencouragesmeinmystudies.他總是鼓勵我用功讀書。(2)Herfirstsuccessencouragedhertoworkevenharder.她的首次成功鼓舞了她更加努力工作。encourage從名詞courage派生而來，類似的例子有：sure→ensure(makesure)；power→empower(makesb.powerful)。succeed:vi./vt.togainone’spurposeorreachanaim成功；繼承，接替e.g.(1)Ifyoutryhard,youwillsucceed.只要你努力干，一定會成功的。(2)Ihopeyouwillsucceedinlife.我希望你事業成功。(3)Healwayssucceeds.他總是一帆風順。(4)Hehadnosontosucceedhim.他沒有兒子繼承他。lendanear:tolistentosomeone,especiallyinasympatheticway傾聽，聆聽e.g.(1)He’salwayspreparedtolendasympatheticear.他總是樂于同情地傾聽他人。(2)Shewastalkingaboutherhousetoanyonewillingtolendanear.她在向那些愿意傾聽的人談論她的房子。share:vt.totellotherpeopleaboutyourideas,experiencesandfeelings分享，分擔，共有；分配，均分e.g.(1)Thetwofriendssharedeverything.這一對好朋友分享一切。(2)Wesharedtheworkbetweenthethreeofus.我們三個人把那份工作分攤了。share也可作可數名詞，意為“onepartofsth.thatisdividedbetweentwoormorepeople一份，份額；股份”。e.g.Wehopetohaveabiggershareofthemarketnextyear.我們希望明年獲得更大的市場份額。wordsofpraise:表揚的話e.g.(1)Herwordsofpraisewereastimulusforpeopletoworkharder.她贊揚的話鼓舞了人們更努力工作。(2)Afewwordsofpraisefromherwouldhavecompletedhishappiness.她要是能夸他幾句，他也就心滿意足了。2.PeriodThreeandPeriodFour:StepOne:Reviewthewholetext.StepTwo:ProceedtoExercises.First,doExerciseI.2.AlthoughthequestionsinExerciseI.2takethemultiple-choiceform,theyarenotasstraightforwardasthequestionsinExerciseI.1,hencemorechallenging.IndoingExerciseI.2,groupdiscussioninclassisencouraged.StepThree:ContinuewithExercisesII,III,IVandV.ExerciseIIisrelativelyeasywhileindoingExerciseIIIthestudentsshouldalsohavesomeknowledgeofwordformationinEnglishsothattheymaybeabletousetheappropriateformsofthewordsprovidedtofillintheblanks.ExerciseIV.1alsodealswithconversioninEnglish.Gooverthewords:treat,favor,praise,campaignandburdenintheseexercisesagainbeforedoingthepresentexercise.ExerciseIV.2isintendedtoconsolidatethestudents’understandinganduseofindefinitepronounsandadverbs,especiallythepostpositionofadjectivesmodifyingtheindefinitepronouns.InExerciseV,twomainlanguagepointsinthisunitaredealtwith.Thefirstpointisthemodalverbphrasewouldrather…than.ThesecondpointisthatsomeEnglishverbs(suchasfind)cantakeacomplexobjectasshowninthepatternofverb+it+adj.+inf.Inthispattern,itservesasaformalobjectwhiletherealobjectistheinfinitivewiththeadjectivefunctioningasitscomplement.3.PeriodFiveandPeriodSix:StepOne:Reviewthewholetext.StepTwo:Onthebasisoftherevisionofthetext,proceedtoExerciseVI.Thisexerciseisacomprehensiveexercise,involvingboththestudents’comprehensionandproductionskills.GooverExerciseI.1firstbeforedoingthisprécisexercise.ThetimefortheexercisestothetextshallnotexceedoneperiodandExerciseVIwillbeassignedashomework.DoExerciseVIItoconsolidatethetextandhelpdevelopthestudents’translationskills.StepThree:FocusonListeningandSpeakingwhichwilltakeupthesecondperiod.Listening:Therearethreeexercisesinthispart,andthefirstoneisadialoguebasedonthemodelpassageanddesignedtoconsolidatethelearningofit.ThesecondoneisasongentitledLoveIsAllAroundandthestudentsshouldlearntosingthiswonderfulsonginpraiseofunconditionallove.Thethirdexerciseisapassagewhicheulogizestheunconditionallovethelittledaughterharboursforherdearestfather.Indoingthesecondandthethirdlisteningexercises,specialattentionshouldbepaidtoexpandingthestudentslisteningcomprehensionskills.Therefore,itisnecessarytomakesurethatthestudentsunderstandeverylineofthesongprovidedandallthepossiblenewwordsinthepassagebeforeplayingthetape.Thepossiblenewwordsinthepassageinclude:wrapping,embarrassed,overreaction,flare,crushed,imaginary,containerandpossessions.Speaking:Thispartconsistsofadialoguefocusedonexpressingsympathy.Pairthestudentstocompletethedialoguefirstandthenhavethestudentspracticeit.Whilereconstructingthedialogue,thestudentsareencouragedtorefertotheFunctionalExpressionsTableinthissectiontodrawsomeofthewordsandexpressionsconcerningexpressingsympathytomaketheirdialoguemoreexpressive.SpeakingSectionmaybeapproachedintwosteps.Instepone,thestudentsareaskedtoworkinpairstoreconstructthedialogueandthentheypracticereadingandroleplayingthedialogues.Insteptwo,thecourseinstructormayselectafewpairstoactoutthedialoguebeforethewholeclass.4.PeriodSevenandPeriodEight:StepOne:ProceedtoFocus2,practicalreading.Afterthestudentshavefinishedreading,doExercise=1\*ROMANItochecktheirunderstandingofthetext.ThengooverlanguagepointsforfurtherunderstandingandafterthatdoExercise=2\*ROMANII.Steponemayneed60minutes.Languagepoints:1.ALife-and-deathChoice:AMoralProblem(thetitle)生死抉擇——一個關乎道德的問題life-and-death:a.extremelyserious,esp.whenthereisasituationinwhichpeoplemightdie;vitallyimportant生死攸關的，關系重大的e.g.(1)It’salife-and-deathmatter.這是一件生死攸關的事情。(2)Itwasalife-and-deathstruggleforthem.這對他們來說是生死存亡的斗爭。注意：本課文中life-and-death用連字符連起來，作形容詞。與life-or-death同義。moral:a.concernedwithprinciplesofrightandwrongbehaviour道德(上)的；有道德的e.g.(1)Thefilmwasnotonlyamusing,butalsogaveavaluablemorallesson.這部電影不但有趣，而且也是（給觀眾上了）一堂有價值的道德教育課。(2)Weshouldgivethemmoralsupport.我們應該給他們道義上的支持。(3)Heisamoralman.他是一個品行端正的人。moral也可用作名詞，意為“apracticallessonaboutwhattodoorhowtobehave,whichyoulearnfromastoryorfromsomethingthathappenstoyou寓意”。e.g.(1)Themoralofthisstoryis“Betterlatethannever.”這個故事的寓意是“遲做總比不做好。”(2)Themoralofthefilmwasthatcrimedoesnotpay.這個電影的寓意是：犯罪不值得。2.Wemayfetchthewrongpaper.我們也可能拿錯文件。fetch:vt.togoforandbringback（去）拿來；請來e.g.(1)Fetchmeacupofteafromthekitchen.到廚房去給我拿杯茶來。(2)Pleasefetchmemyglasses.請把我的眼鏡拿來。(3)Couldyourunandfetchadoctorforme?請你跑一趟為我請一位醫生來，好嗎？turnto:tochangeto;togotosb./sth.變成；求助于e.g.(1)Theiceturnedtowater.冰化成了水。(2)Ihadtoturntothedictionaryforhelp.我不得不求助于詞典。4.Afterward,hesaidthatthebonesinPeter’sspinalcordweredisconnectedandthatPeter’sbackwasnotclosed.隨后，他告訴萊恩一家，彼得脊髓處的骨頭是斷開的，他的脊背沒有閉合。afterward(s):ad.later;afterahappening后來，以后e.g.(1)Wewilleatfirstandgooutafterwards.我們先吃飯，然后再出去。(2)Iwrotethat(long)afterwards.后來（很久以后）我才寫了那些東西。5.Thecordcannotconveymessagesfromthebraintothebody,sothebodycannotworkinthenormalway.脊髓不能將大腦的信息傳遞給身體，因此身體無法正常運轉。convey:vt.tocommunicateorexpresssomething,withorwithoutusingwords傳送，傳達，表達；運送，輸送，搬運e.g.(1)Pleaseconveymythankstoyourwife.請向你的妻子傳達我的謝意。(2) Adsconveythemessagethatbeingthinisbeautiful.廣告傳達瘦才是美的信息。(3)HewassenttoconveyamessagetotheUNSecretaryGeneral.他被派去向聯合國秘書長傳達一則消息。in…way:inthemanner/mode/style/fashionof以……方式e.g.Shesmiledinafriendlyway.她友好地笑了笑。6.ThedoctortoldthemthattherewasaremedyandthathecouldoperateandclosePeter’sback.ThenPetercouldlive,buthewouldhavemanyproblems.醫生告訴他們有一個治療辦法，他可以動手術縫合彼得的脊背，這樣，彼得就可以活下來，但他將面臨很多問題。remedy:n.[C]atreatment,amedicine治療措施，補救方法；藥品e.g.(1)Weshouldlearnsomehomeremediesforinjuries.我們應該學些處理傷口的家庭療法。(2)Thereisaremedyforallthings[everything]butdeath.除死亡外，一切皆可補救。remedy也可作及物動詞，意為“tocure;toputright;tomakeright治療，醫治；糾正，補救”。e.g.(1)Aspirinmayremedyaheadache.阿司匹林可治頭痛。(2)Yourfaultsofpronunciationcanberemedied.你發音上的錯誤可以糾正。(3)IfImadeamistake,Iwilltrytoremedyit.我如果犯錯的話，會盡力改正的。operate:vi./vt.tocutopensb.’sbodyinordertoremoveapartthathasadiseaseortorepairapartthatisdamaged（對……）動手術；作業，工作，運轉，運行；操作，操縱，控制，使用（機器等）；經營，管理e.g.(1)Theytookhimtohospitallastnightandhe’salreadybeenoperatedon.昨晚他被他們送進醫院，并已動過手術了。(2)Thisisanewmodelmachinewhichisveryeasytooperate.這是一臺很容易操作的新型機器。(3)Theytaughtushowtooperatethemachine.他教我們如何操作這臺機器。7.Hewouldhavetobeconfinedtobedallhislife.他可能一輩子都得呆在床上。confine:vt.tokeepsth./sb.insidethelimitsofaparticularactivity,subject,area,etc.限制，使局限e.g.(1)Hewasconfinedtohisrooms.他閉門不出。(2)Thethiefisconfinedinprison.小偷被關在監獄里。8.Somefamiliesbrokeupbecauseitconsumedalloftheirfortune.一些家庭就是因為治療花光了所有的家產而破裂。breakup:tofinish;tostophappening結束，終止；打碎，粉碎e.g.(1)Theirmarriagehasbrokenup.他們的婚姻破裂了。(2)Whendoesyourschoolbreakup?你們學校什么時候放假？(3)Theshipwasbrokenupbythestorm.暴風雨把船擊碎了。consume:vt.touseup;tospend消耗，花費e.g.(1)Theelectricityindustryconsumeslargeamountsoffossilfuels.電力工業消耗大量的礦物燃料。(2)Heconsumedmuchtimeandenergyinwritingthisbook.他耗費了大量的時間和精力寫這本書。9.TheLanefamilywasconfrontedwithaverydifficultchoice.萊恩一家面臨著這種非常困難的選擇。confront:vt.tobringfacetofacewith面對；遭遇；對抗e.g.(1)Hewasconfrontedwiththeevidence.證據擺在他面前。(2)Asoldieroftenhastoconfrontdanger.士兵常常要身臨險境。(3)Hewasconfrontedbyapolicemanatthegate.他在大門口碰到了一個警察。10.Ifamemberofthefamilyhastoliveingreatpain,thefamilyshouldletthepersondie.Ifthememberofthefamilywillalwaysbeunconscious,thefamilyshouldletthepersondie.Apersonshouldnothavetolivelikeavegetable.如果家庭中的一員不得不生活在巨大的痛苦中，這個家庭應該讓他死去；如果家庭中的這名成員將永遠失去知覺，這個家庭也應該讓他死去。一個人不能像棵植物一樣活著。unconscious:a.inastatelikesleepbecauseofaninjuryorillness,andnotabletouseone’ssenses失去意識的，無知覺的，昏迷的e.g.(1)Thewoundedsoliderwasunconsciousbutstillalive.受傷的士兵不省人事，但仍活著。(2)Heknockedthemanunconsciouswithoneblowofhisfist.他一拳把那個人打昏過去。unconscious的另一個常用含義是形容詞指“不知道……的，未察覺……的”，通常和of搭配。e.g.Hewasunconsciousofhismistake.他并未察覺到自己的錯誤。11.Thisissueisheatedlydebated.關于這個問題，人們討論得非常激烈。issue:n.[C]animportanttopicthatpeoplearediscussingorarguingabout問題，爭論點；發行，（書刊的）期號e.g.(1)Weneedmoretimetothinkaboutthisbigissue.我們需要花更多的時間來考慮這個重大問題。(2)ThispassageappearedinIssue12.這篇文章發表在第12期。issue可作動詞，意為“tomakesth.knownformally發行，頒布，出版”。e.g.(1)ChinaandtheUnitedStatesissuedajointstatement.中美發表了一份聯合聲明。(2)Weissueamonthlynewsletter.我們每月出版一份通訊。debate:vt./vi.totalkaboutsomethingatapublicmeeting爭論，辯論，討論e.g.(1)Thisisaquestionthattheyhaveoftendebated.這是個他們常討論的問題。(2)Afteritwasdebatedforalongtime,thebillwaspassed.經過長時間的辯論，議案獲得了通過。debate還作可數名詞，意為“peopleorgroups,eachexpressingadifferentpointofview辯論，爭論，討論”。e.g.(1)Wearehavingadebatetoday.今天我們開辯論會。(2)aheateddebate一場熱烈的討論12.Otherpeo