第/\*Arabic1頁2023年下學期英語語用學復習資料一、簡答題1.、Threedistinctofphonetics(語音學的三個分支？)(1分)答案：Articulatoryphonetics發音語音學;auditoryphonetics聽覺語音學;acousticphonetics聲光語音學.2.Mainfeaturesoflanguage(語言的主要特征？)(1分)答案：Languageisasystem.Languageisarbitrary.Languageisvocal.Languageishuman-specific.3.Speechandwriting(言語與文字的區別？)(1分)答案：Speechandwritingarethetwomajormediaoflinguisticcommunication.Fromthepointofviewoflinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting.Thewritingsystemofanylanguageisalways“invented”byitsuserstorecordspeechwhentheneedarises.Thenineverydaycommunication,speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed,speechisalwaysthewayinwhicheverynativespeakeracquireshismothertongue,andwritingislearnedandtaughtlaterwhenhegoestoschool.

Writtenlanguageisonlythe“revised”recordofspeech.4.Whatarethebranchesoflinguisticstudy?(語言學研究領域中的主要分支有哪些？)(1分)答案：sociolinguistics;psycholinguistics;appliedlinguisticsandsoon.5.Synchronicvs.diachronic(共識語言學與歷史語言學的區別？)(1分)答案：Languageexistsintimeandchangesthroughtime.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointoftimeinhistoryisasynchronicstudy;the

descriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisadiachronicstudy.diachronicstudyoflanguageisahistoricalstudy;itstudiesthehistorical

developmentoflanguageoveraperiodoftime.二、單項選擇題6.Oncethenotionof________wastakenintoconsideration，semanticsspilledintopragmatics.(1分)A.meaningB.contextC.formD.content答案：B7.emanticscanbedefinedasthestudyof________.(1分)A.namingB.meaningC.communicationD.context答案：B8.Whichofthefollowingisthetypicalcaseofcommissives?(1分)A.Believing.B.Ordering.C.Promising.D.Congratulating.答案：C9.WhatessentiallydistinguishesSemanticsandPragmaticsisthenotionof_____.(1分)A.referenceB.meaningC.antonymyD.context答案：D10.Whichofthefollowingisthespecificinstanceofdirectives?(1分)A.Swearing.B.Suggesting.C.Undertaking.D.Apologizing.答案：B11.Thestudyoflanguageatonepointoftimeisa_______study.(1分)A.synchronicB.historicC.diachronicD.descriptive答案：A12.HowmanycategoriesdospeechactsfallintoaccordingtoJohnSearle?(1分)A.Three.B.FourC.FiveD.Six答案：C13.A:WhatdoyouthinkofJames?B:Afineday,isn’tit?Inthedialogue,B’s

answerfloutswhichofthefourmaximsofCP?(1分)A.Themaximofquality.B.Themaximofquantity.C.Themaximofmanner.D.Themaximofrelation.答案：D14.WhichofthefollowingstatementconcerningcontextisNOTcorrect?(1分)A.ItwasfirstnotedbytheBritishlinguistJohnFirth.B.Itisgenerallyconsideredasconstitutedbytheknowledgesharedbythespeakerandthehearer.C.Itdeterminesthespeaker’suseoflanguageandalsothehearer’sinterpretationofwhatissaidtohim.D.Itisessentialtothesyntacticstudyoflanguage.答案：D15.Synonymsareclassifiedintoseveralkinds.Thekindtowhich“fall”and“autumn”belongiscalled_____synonyms.(1分)A.StylisticB.dialectalC.EmotiveD.collocational答案：B16.HowmanymaximsareunderGrice’sCP?(1分)A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.答案：C17.A:Shallwegetsomethingforthekids?B:Yes.ButIveto

I-C-E-C-R-E-A-M.Inthedialogue,B’sanswerfloutswhichofthefourmaximsofCP?(1分)A.Themaximofquality.B.Themaximofquantity.C.Themaximofmanner.D.Themaximofrelation.答案：C18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?(1分)A.Themeaningofasentenceisabstractanddecontextualized.B.Themeaningofanutteranceisconcreteandcontext-dependent.C.Themeaningofasentenceisbasedonutterancemeaning.D.Utterancemeaningistherealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunicationorsimplyinacontext答案：C19.“Youhaveleftthewindowwideopen.”Whichofthefollowingisthe

illocutionaryactperformedbythespeaker?(1分)A.Thespeakerintendstoasksomeonetoclosethewindowormakeacomplaint.B.Thehearerclosesthewindow.C.Thespeakerintendstoexpresswhatthewordsliterallymean.D.Noneoftheabove.答案：A20.SpeechActtheorywasoriginatedwith______.(1分)A.SaussureB.BloomfieldC.AustinD.Firth答案：C21.AccordingtoAustin,aspeakermightbeperformingthreeactssimultaneouslywhenspeakingexcept______.(1分)A.locutionaryactB.illocutionaryactC.perlocutionaryactD.imperlocutionaryact答案：D22.Ofthethreespeechacts，linguistsaremostinterestedinthe_______.(1分)A.locutionaryactB.perlocutionaryactC.illocutionaryactD.noneoftheabove答案：C23.ThesignificanceofGrice’sCPliesinthatitexplainshowitispossibleforthespeakertoconvey______isliterallysaid.(1分)A.morethanB.lessthanC.thesameasD.noneoftheabove答案：A24.Thesentence“Johnlikesice-cream”contains________arguments.(1分)A.oneB.twoC.noneD.three答案：B25.MostoftheviolationsofthemaximsoftheCooperativePrinciplegiveriseto_____.(1分)A.utterancemeaningB.speechacttheoryC.conversationalimplicaturesD.noneoftheabove答案：C三、判斷題26.SpeechacttheorywasproposedbytheBritishphilosopherJohnAustininthelate1950s.()(1分)答案：正確27.Alocutionaryactistheactofconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansofsyntax,lexicon,andphonology.()(1分)答案：正確28.TheCooperativeprinciplewasproposedbyJohnSearle.()(1分)答案：錯誤29.Intheirstudyoflanguagecommunication,linguistsareonlyinterestedinhowaspeakerexpresseshisintentionandpaynoattentiontohowhisintentionisrecognizedbythehearer.()(1分)答案：錯誤30.Pragmaticsisrelatedtoandalsodifferentfromsemantics.()(1分)答案：正確31.Allutterancestaketheformofsentences.()(1分)答案：錯誤32.Gricemadeadistinctionbetweenwhathecalled“constatives”and“performatives”.()(1分)答案：錯誤33.Directivesareattemptsbythespeakertogetthehearertodosomething.()(1分)答案：正確34.Thecontextualviewisoftenconsideredastheinitialefforttostudymeaninginapragmaticsense.()(1分)答案：正確35.Thenotionofcontextisnotimportanttothepragmaticstudyoflanguage.()(1分)答案：錯誤四、填空題36.Toasksomeonetopassabookisobviouslyad________.(1分)答案：dirextive37.Themaximofrelationrequiresthatwhattheconversationparticipantssaymustber________.(1分)答案：relevant38.AccordingtoPaulGrice,inmakingc________theparticipantsmustfirstofallbewillingtocooperate.(1分)答案：conversation39.AccordingtoSeale,s________actsfallintofivegeneralcategories.(1分)答案：speech40.Astheprocessofcommunicationisessentiallyaprocessofconveyingmeaninginacertaincontext,p________canberegardedasakindofmeaningstudy.(1分)答案：pragmatics41.Thesharedknowledgewhichconstitutescontextisoftwotypes;theknowledgeofthel________theyuse,andtheknowledgeaboutthew________,includingthegeneralknowledgeabouttheworldandspecificknowledgeaboutthesituationinwhichlinguisticcommunicationistakingplace.(1分)答案：language;word42.Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesanu________,anditshouldbeconsideredinthesituationinwhichitisactuallyused.(1分)答案：utterance43.TherearefourmaximsundertheCP:themaximofquantity,themaximofq________,themaximofrelationandthemaximofm________.(1分)答案：quality;mannar44.ThesignificanceofGrice’sc________principleliesinthatitexplainshowitispossibleforthespeakertoconveymorethanisliterallysaid.(1分)答案：C