1.abase,abate,debate,debaseabasev.貶抑，使卑下lower,humiliateabaseoneself貶低自己abatev.減輕，降低lessen,subsideabatethenoiseincities降低城市噪音debatev.爭論，辯論disputeorargueaboutTheyaredebatingtheeducationsystem.debasev.貶低，降格，貶值，降低成色reducetolowerstatedebasethecoinage降低鑄幣的成色2.abdicate,addict,edict,indict,verdictabdicatev.讓位，辭職，放棄(職位，權(quán)力等)renounce;giveupformally(throne,authorityetc.)abdicateallresponsibilities放棄一切職責(zé)addictv.使沉溺，使上癮——devotehabituallyorcompulsively;becomecompulsivelyandphysiologicallydependentonahabit-formingsubstanceTheboyisaddictedtopopmusic.Theoldmanbecameaddictedtothedrug.edictn.法令，命令orderorproclamationissuedbyanauthorityindictv.控訴，起訴charge,accuseHewasindictedformurder.verdictn.判決，決定decisionreachedbyajuryonaquestionoffactinalawcasereversetheverdict翻案3.abject,adjacent,deject,eject,conjectureabjecta.卑鄙的，可憐的wretched,hopeless,contemptible,despicableliveinabjectpoverty/misery生活在貧困之中adjacenta.鄰近的，接近的lyingnear,nexttoadjacentangles(數(shù)學(xué))鄰角dejectv.使愁悶；使氣餒feelgloomy;bediscouragedejectv.噴出，逐出forcesb./sth.out,expelsb./sth.,send(sth.)outusu.violentlyorsuddenlyThenoisyyouthswereejectedfromthecinema.conjecturen./v.推測，臆說，猜想surmise,guess4.abjure,adjure,conjure,perjureabjurev.發(fā)誓放棄promiseorsweartogiveupabjureone'sreligion放棄信仰adjurev.懇請，命令requestsolemnlyIadjureyoutotellthetruthbeforethiscourt.conjurev.請求calluponconjureyounottoleaveme懇求你不要離開我perjurev.使發(fā)偽誓，使破壞誓言render(oneself)guiltyofperjurybydeliberatelytestifyingfalselyunderoathperjureoneself作偽證，發(fā)假誓5.abrogate,arrogate,derogate,surrogate,prorogateabrogatev.廢除，取消repealorannulbyauthorityarrogatev.冒稱claimwithoutreasonablegroundsarrogateallthecreditstohimself把一切榮譽(yù)歸為自己derogatev.貶低，誹謗detractfromsurrogaten.代替品，代理人personorthingthatactsorisusedinsteadofanotherprorogaten.休會anendofasessionofParliament6.abstracted,distracted,detract,contract,retractabstracteda.心不在焉的thinkingofotherthings;notpayingattentiondistracteda.心煩意亂的，精神不集中的unabletoconcentrateproperly,esp.becauseofone'sstrongfeelingsbedistractedwithfear,sorrow,anxiety,etc.因害怕悲傷，憂慮等而精神不集中detractv.貶低，降低［常與from連用］makesth.seemlessvaluableorimportantdetractfromthemeritofsth./sb.貶低某物(某人)的長處/功績contractv.收縮makeorbecomesmallerorshorterMetalscontractastheygetcooler.retractv.縮回，收回withdraw7.abstruse,extrude,intrude,obtrude,protrudeabstrusea.奧妙的，深奧的difficulttocomprehend,obscureYourstatementisabittooabstruse.extrudev.擠壓出，突出，伸出forceorpushoutintrudev.闖入，強(qiáng)行引入trespass;enterasanuninvitedpersonHeintrudedhisownideasintotheargument.obtrudev.強(qiáng)加；突出imposeonotherswithundueinsistence;pushintoprominence［例］Don'tobtrudeyouropinionsonother'trudev.突出，伸出stickout8.accede,concede,recede,secede,precede,process,recessaccedev.同意agree［例］Weaccededtohisrequest.concedev.勉強(qiáng)承認(rèn)；退讓admitthatsth.istrue,valid,proper,etc.;givesth.Away［例］Wecannotconcedeanyofourterritory.recedev.后退——movebackfromapreviouspositionorawayfromanobserver［例］recedefromanengagement取消婚約secedev.正式脫離或退出(組織)——withdraw(frommembershipofanorganization,state,etc.)precedev.在……之前，早于——happenbeforeprocessn.過程，作用，步驟——seriesofactionsoroperationsperformedinordertodo,makeorachievesth.［例］theprocessofdigestion消化過程recessn.休假；壁凹(墻上裝架子，柜子等凹處)——periodoftimewhenworkorbusinessisstopped;spaceinaroomwherepartofawallissetbackfromthemainpart［例］arecessinthecoastline海岸線上的凹進(jìn)處summerrecess暑假9.acclaim,declaim,disclaim,reclaimacclaimn./v.喝彩，歡呼，稱贊——welcomesb./sth.withshoutsandapproval;applaudloudly［例］Peopleacclaimedthewinneroftherace.Theyacclaimedhimking.declaimv.演說，高談闊論speak(sth.)asifaddressinganaudience［例］Ateacherstooddeclaimingintheclassroom.disclaimv.放棄，棄權(quán)，拒絕disown;renounceclaimto［例］Shedisclaimedanyshareintheinvention.reclaimv.開墾(土地)；糾正——make(land)suitableforcultivation,e.g.bydrainingorirrigatingit;winsb.backorawayfromsin,error,etc.［例］reclaimlandfromthesea填海拓地10.acquiesce,disquiet,inquietude,quietudeacquiescev.默許；勉強(qiáng)同意acceptsth.withoutprotest;offernooppositiondisquietn./v.擔(dān)心，焦慮make(sb.)anxious,worry［例］Thecandidatewasgreatlydisquietedbythefallinpublicsupport.inquietuden.焦慮，不安uneasinessofmind;anxietyquietuden.平靜，寂靜tranquillity11.acquisitive,disquisition,exquisite,inquisitive,perquisite,requisiteacquisitivea.貪得無厭的grasping,avariciousHeisanacquisitivecollector.disquisitionn.專題論文longelaboratespokenorwrittenreportoraccountexquisitea.高雅的；精致的extremelybeautifulordelicate;finelyorskillfullymadeordone［例］anexquisitepieceoflace精致的飾帶inquisitivea.過分好問的，好奇的(too)fondofinquiringintootherpeople'saffairs［例］aninquisitivechild一個(gè)好問的孩子perquisiten.固定津貼，福利anygainabovestipulatedsalaryrequisiten.必需物；a.必要的necessaryrequirement12.acquittal,iniquity,ubiquitous,requiteacquittaln.宣判無罪deliverancefromachargeLackofevidenceresultedinhisacquittal.iniquityn.不公正，邪惡，罪過grossimmoralityorinjustice,wick-edness［例］Themonarchforgavehissubjects'iniquity.ubiquitousa.無所不在的，普通的beingeverywhere,omnipresentrequitev.報(bào)答；報(bào)復(fù)repay;revengeTheKingrequitedhisserviceswithalotofmoney.13.adhere,cohere,inhereadherev.黏附，膠著，堅(jiān)持——remainfaithful,stickfastto［例］Youshouldadheretoyourprinciples.coherev.粘合，凝聚，緊湊——stickorholdtogetherinamassorgroupinherev.固有，存在，生來就有的——beinherentorinnate［例］qualitesinheringinsb.某人固有的氣質(zhì)14.adjunct,conjoin,disjoin,enjoin,rejoin,rejoiceadjunctn.附件，助手；a.附屬的——somethingattachedtobutholdinganinferiorpositionconjoinv.(使)結(jié)合，(使)連接jointogetherdisjoinv.(使)分開，拆散，使混亂undothejoiningof,separate;becomeseparated［例］ThegirlgaveadisjointedaccountofhisexperienceinChina.enjoinv.吩咐，命令command,order,forbidrejoinv.回答；答辯sayinanswerorreply;retortrejoicev.喜歡，高興feelorshowgreatjoy,haveorgloryin(atitle,etc.)15.advert,avert,convert,divert,invert,overt,pervert,revert,subvertadvertv.注意，留意avertv.轉(zhuǎn)移；避免turnsth.away;prevent(sth.)Hermothermanagedtoavertsuspicion.convertv.(使)轉(zhuǎn)變；皈依change(sth.)fromoneformorusetoanother;changeone'sbeliefs［例］convertsb.fromatheismtoChristianit使某人由無神論者變?yōu)榛浇掏絛ivertv.轉(zhuǎn)移，轉(zhuǎn)向turnasidefromacourseordirection;distractThecarwasforcedtodiverttoanotherroad.Hisattentionwasdivertedbywhattheoldmansaid.invertv.使顛倒，使轉(zhuǎn)化——turninsideoutorupsidedown;reversetheposition,orderoverta.明顯的，公然的openandobservableoverthostility公然反對pervertv.反常，使墮落，顛倒，誤解——causetoturnawayfromwhatisright,proper;corrupt;distort［例］pervertthetruth歪曲事實(shí)pervertthemeaningofthisarticle誤解文章的意思revertv.回復(fù)returntoaformerconditionsubvertv.推翻，攪亂，毀滅——destorycompletely;ruin［例］subvertthemonarchy推翻君主政體16.aggregate,congregate,segregate,egregious,gregariousaggregaten./v./a.合計(jì)，總計(jì)；聚集sum;totalaggregateriches聚集財(cái)富congregatev.聚集cometogetherinacrowd［例］Acrowdquicklycongregated(roundthespeaker).segregatev.隔離putsb./sth.inaplaceawayfromtherest;isolateegregiousa.過分的，驚人的gross,shockinggregariousa.群居的，愛社交的livinginsocieties;likingthecompany17.aggress,digress,egress,ingress,regressaggressaggressv.攻擊；挑釁attackdigressv.離題wanderawayfromthesubjectegressn.出口，外出wayout,exitingressn.進(jìn)入goingin;(rightof)entranceregressv.退步，退化returntoanearlierorlessadvancedformorstate18.agile,fragile,frailagilea.敏捷的，靈活的active,quick-movingfragilea.易碎的，脆弱的，易逝的easilybroken,damagedordestroyedfragilehappiness易逝的幸福fraila.脆弱的；不堅(jiān)實(shí)的physicallyormorallyweak;easilybroken;fragile［例］afrailchild脆弱的孩子Careful:thatchair'sratherfrail!19.allude,collude,delude,elude,interlude,preludealludev.暗指，影射——referindirectly,hint［例］ItwasclearshewasalludingtoJane.colludev.串通，勾結(jié)，共謀——acttogethersecretlytoachieveaillegalpurpose;conspire［例］colludewith勾結(jié)deludev.欺騙，哄騙deceiveeludev.逃避escape(sb./sth.),esp.byatrickorcleverness［例］Irecognizeherface,buthernameeludeserluden.(活動間的)暫時(shí)休息shortperiodoftimeseparatingthepartsofaplay,film,etc.［例］Holidaysaresuchshortinterludesinalifeofwork.prelude［5prelju:d］n.序幕，前奏introduction,forerunner20.amoral,immoral,moraleamorala.不基于道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的notbasedonmoralstandardsAnimalsareamoral.immorala.不道德的，淫蕩的notfollowingacceptedstandardsofmorality,notmoral.moralen.士氣，精神力量——stateofconfidence,enthusiasm,determination,etc.ofapersonorgroupataparticulartime［例］boosttheteam'smorale提高團(tuán)隊(duì)的士氣21.animated,animosity,animus,inanimate,unanimousanimateda.活潑的，生動的——lively,vigorous;givingtheappearanceofmovement［例］animateddrawings動畫animosityn.仇恨，封鎖，憎惡——strongdislike［例］Hefeltnoanimositytowardhisfriend'scritics.animusn.敵意，意圖——hostilefeelingorintent［例］Theanimusofthelecturerresultedinsarcasticandinsultingremarks.inanimatea.無生命的lifelessunanimousa.全體意見一致的——allagreeingonadecisionoranopinion［例］Shewaselectedbyunanimousvote.22.append,expend,impendappendn.附加，添加，懸掛attach［例］appendanextraclausetotheagreement在協(xié)議上加道條款expendv.花費(fèi)，用光spend,use(money,etc.)indoingsth.［例］expendtime,effortandmoneyonaproject在方案花費(fèi)時(shí)間、精力和金錢impendv.迫近，逼近beabouttotakeplace23.appose,compose,depose,disposed,impose,reposeapposev.并列，放……在對面placeinproximity［例］apposeaboxbeforethegirl把盒子放到女孩對面composev.組成；寫作makeuptheconstituentpartsof;createaliteraryoramusicalpiecebecomposedof由……組成composeapoem寫詩deposev.免職，廢黜remove(esp.arulersuchasaking)frompowerdisposeda.愿意的，想干的wantingorpreparedtodosth.［例］I'mnotdisposedtomeettheminthisplace.Imposev.征稅；強(qiáng)加——place(apenalty,tax,etc.)officiallyonsb./sth.;place(sth.unwelcomeorunpleasant)onsb./sth.［例］Anewtaxhasbeenimposedoncar.reposev.躺著休息，安睡rest,lie24.appraise,appreciable,appreciative,depreciateappraisev.評價(jià)，評估estimatevalueof［例］Itwouldbeunwisetobuythehousebeforehavingitappraised.appreciablea.可感知的；可觀的——thatcanbeseenorfelt;considerable［例］anappreciableincreaseinsalary薪水可觀的增加appreciativea.欣賞的，感激的——feelingorshowingunderstandingorgratitude［例］I'mmostappreciativeofyourgenerousact.depreciatev.貶低，貶值lesseninvalue［例］Sharesinourcompanyhasdepreciated.25.apprehensive,comprehensive,reprehensive,reprehend,misapprehensionapprehensivea.憂慮的，不安的fear,unhappyfeelingaboutfuture［例］apprehensiveforsb.'ssafety擔(dān)心某人的安全comprehensivea.全面的thatincludes(nearly)everything［例］Shehasacomprehensivegraspofthearticle.reprehensivea.譴責(zé)的，非難的deservingrebuke;blameworthyreprehendv.譴責(zé)，責(zé)難rebuke,reprovemisapprehensionn.誤會misunderstanding26.aspire,conspire,inspired,perspire,transpiredaspirev.渴望，追求desirestronglyconspirev.共謀，陰謀；(指事件)湊合起來——makesecretplans(withothers),esp.todowrong;combineinspireda.有創(chuàng)見的，有靈感的fullofcreativepower［例］Sheisalwaysfullofinspiredviews.perspirev.出汗，流汗，分泌——giveoffmoisturethroughtheskin;sweattranspirev.蒸發(fā)；泄露；發(fā)生——exhale;becomeknown;happen27.astringent,stringent,strained,stridentastringenta.收斂性的，嚴(yán)酷的——substancethatshrinks;harsh［例］astringentcriticism嚴(yán)厲的批評stringenta.(規(guī)定)嚴(yán)格的，缺錢的——binding,rigid［例］stringenteconomicsanctions嚴(yán)格的經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁straineda.不自然的，不友好的——unnatural,forcedandartificialstrident［5straidnt］a.尖聲的，刺耳的——loudandharsh28.auspices,auspiciousauspices［5C:spIsIz］n.贊助，支持——protectionorsupport,patronage［例］Thesmalltownsetupabusinessundertheauspicesofagovernmentaidscheme.auspicious［C:s5piFEs］a.吉兆的，幸運(yùn)的——favorable,successful,prosperous［例］anauspiciousstarttothenewterm新學(xué)期的良好開端29.averse,converse,diverse,inverse,perverse,reverseaverse［E5vE:s］a.不愿意的，反對的——notlikingsth.;opposedtosth.［例］Sheseemstobeaversetohardwork.converse［kEn5vE:s］a.相反的，顛倒的；n.相反的事物；v.談話——oppositetosth.;theopposite;talk［例］Theyholdconverseopinions.Hesaidheisnotangry,butIbelievetheconversetobetrue;Heisveryangry.diverse［dai5vE:s］a.不同的，變化的——ofdifferentkinds,varied［例］peoplefromdiversecultures來自不同文明的人們inverse［5in5vE:s］a.相反的，倒轉(zhuǎn)的——oppositeperverse［pE5vE:s］a.剛愎自用的；故意作對的——stubborn;intractable［例］aperversegirl一個(gè)任性的女孩reverse［ri5vE:s］n.反面；相反；逆轉(zhuǎn)——thingthatisthecontraryoroppositetowhatisexpected;undersideorbackofacoin;changefortheworse［例］Hedidthereverseofwhatweexpected.30.babble,dabble,jabber,rabble,gabble,gobble,hobble,rubble,pebble,dribble,nibblebabble［5bAbl］v.呀呀學(xué)語，喋喋不休chatteridly［例］Stopbabblingandspeakmoreslowly.dabble［5dAbl］v.不經(jīng)意地做某事——takepartwithoutseriousconsiderations［例］Shejustdabblesinchemistry.jabber［5dVAbE］v.快而不清楚地說——talkexcitedly;utterrapidlyrabble［5rAbl］n.烏合之眾，暴民，下等人——mob,crowd;thelowerclassesofpopulace［例］therabble平民百姓，社會最低層gabble［5^Abl］v.急促而不清楚地說——talkquicklyandindistinctly［例］Takeyourtimeanddon'tgabble!gobble［5^Cbl］v.貪婪地吃，吞沒——eatsth.fast,noisilyandgreedily(leavingnothingbehind)［例］gobbleone'sfood(down)inahurry狼吞虎咽hobble［5hCbl］v.蹣跚，跛行——walkwithdifficultybecausethefeetorlegshurtoraredisabled;walklamely;limp［例］Theoldmanhobbledalong(theroad)withtheaidofhisstick.rubble［5rQbl］n.(一堆)碎石，瓦礫——fragmentsofrockpebble［5pebl］n.小卵石，石子——smallstonemadesmoothandroundbytheactionofwater,e.g.inastreamorontheseashoredribble［5dribl］v.(液體)往下滴——(ofliquids)flow,allowtoflow,dropbydroporinaslowtrickle(espfromthesideofthemouth)nibble［5nibl］v.一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地咬，慢慢啃；像要接受——bitebitbybit;showsomeinclinationtoaccept(anoffer)［例］Foodandrentnibbledawaytheirsavings.Mybossnibbledatmyidea,butwouldnotmakeadefinitedecision.31.baffle,muffle,ruffle,scuffle,shufflebaffle［5bAfl］v.困惑，為難——frustrate,perplex［例］Policearebaffledastotheidentityofthemurderer.muffle［5mQfl］v.使聲音降低；裹住——make(asound)lesseasilyheard;wraporcoversb./sth.forwarmthorprotection［例］muffledfootsteps腳步聲減弱了ruffle［5rQfl］v.變皺；激怒——disturbthesmoothnessorevennessofsth.;upsetthecalmnessoreventemperof(sb.);disconcert［例］abreezerufflingthesurfaceofthelake微風(fēng)吹皺了面Theactressiseasilyruffledbyawkwardquestions.scuffle［5skQfl］v./n.混戰(zhàn)，打斗——confusedstrugglebetweenpeoplewhoareclosetogethershuffle［5FQfl］v.拖步走；洗牌；支吾——walkwithoutliftingthefeetcompletelyclearoftheground;slide(playing-cards)overoneanothertochangetheirorder;behaveasifoneisbeingdishonest,oravoidingresponsibility,etc.［例］Theoldmanshuffledalongthecorridorandintohisroom.Whoisgoingtoshuffle?Don'tshuffle:givemeaclearanswer.32.bawl,brawl,drawl,hawk,scrawl,sprawl,trawlbawl［bC:l］v.大叫——shoutorcryloudly［例］Thatbabyhasbeenbawlingforhours.brawl［brC:l］n./v.爭吵——noisyquarrelorfight［例］Adrunkenmanisbrawlinginthebar.drawl［drC:l］v.慢吞吞地說，拉長腔調(diào)地說——speakorsay(sth.)inaslowlazymanner,withdrawn-outvowels［例］drawl(out)one'swords慢吞吞地說話hawk［hC:k］v.沿街叫賣；散布——offer(goods)forsalebygoingfromhousetohouse,streettostreet,etc.;spread(news)bytalking［例］Who'sbeenhawkinggossipabout?scrawl［skrC:l］v.潦草地寫，亂涂——writeordraw(sth.)inanuntidy,carelessorunskillfulway［例］scrawlabriefnote草寫一個(gè)簡短的記錄sprawl［sprC:l］n./v.伸展手足而臥，懶散地躺——sit,lieorfallwiththearmsandlegsspreadoutloosely［例］Thetiredboysprawledonthegrass.trawl［trC:l］n.拖網(wǎng)；搜羅——largenetwithawideopening,draggedalongthebottomoftheseabyaboat;search(throughrecords,etc.)［例］Asaresultofanationaltrawl,twentyactorswereenlisted.33.blade,glade,shadeblade［bleid］n.刀刃，刀片——flatcuttingpartofaknife,sword,chisel,etc.glade［^leid］n.林中的空地——openspaceinaforest;clearingshade［Feid］n.細(xì)微差別——slightdifference［例］delicateshadesofmeaning意思上的細(xì)微差別34.bleak,freak,leach,neap,reap,reambleak［bli:k］a.寒冷的；黯淡的cold;cheerlessableakwinterday一個(gè)寒冷的冬日freak［fri:k］n.怪物，奇事——freak；personconsideredabnormalbecauseofhisbehavior,appearance,ideas,etc.;veryunusualeventoraction［例］Peoplethinkhe'safreakjustbecausehehasbeliefinGod.leach［li:tF］v.分離，過濾掉——make(liquid)percolatethroughsoil,ore,ash,etc.［例］leachwaterthroughwoodashes用木灰濾水neap［ni:p］a.最低潮的lowestreap［ri:p］v.收割，收獲——cut(grain,etc),gatherinacropofgrainfrom(afield,etc)ream［ri:m］n.令(紙張的張數(shù)單位)——500or516(formerly480)sheetsofpaper35.bolt,dolt,jolt,moltbolt［bEult］n.門閂；v.上門閂——metalbarthatslidesintoasockettolockadoor,window,etc.;fasten(sth.)withabolt［例］boltthedoor閂上門dolt［dEult］n.呆子，傻瓜——stupidfellowjolt［dVEult］n.顛簸，震搖——movewithsuddenjerkymovements［例］Thebusstoppedwithajolt.molt［mEult］v.換毛，脫皮——losehair,feathersbeforenewgrowing36.bough,slough,furloughbough［[bau］n.大樹枝——anyofthemainbranchesofatreeslough［[slQf］n./v.(蛇等)蛻皮，蛻殼——castoff［例］Snakessloughannually.furlough［5fE:lEu］n.休假——(permissionfor)absencefromduty,esp.thatgrantedtocivilservants,soldiers,etc.workingabroad37.boulder,blunder,flounderboulder［5bEuldE］n.大石頭——largerockwornandshapedbywaterortheweatherblunder［5blQndE］v.犯大錯(cuò)——bungle,doclumsilyflounder［5flaundE］v.掙扎，艱苦地移動；躊躇，發(fā)慌——moveorstrugglehelplesslyorclumsily;movewitdifficulty,asthroughmudordeepsnow;hesitateormakemistakeswhentalkingorwhencomingtoadecision［例］Thegirlisflounderinginthedeepsnow.flounderforawhile猶豫了一下38.brash,gash,mash,sash,trash,thrash,rash,quashbrash［brAF］a.倉促的；無禮的——hasty,rush;cheeky,saucygash［^AF］n.深長的傷口，裂縫——longdeepcutorwound［例］anastygashinthearm,leg,etc.胳膊、腿等地方的嚴(yán)傷口mash［mAF］v.搗成糊狀——crushintoasoftsubstancesash［sAF］n.腰帶，肩帶——longstripofclothwornaroundthewaistoroveroneshoulderasanornamentoraspartofauniformtrash［trAF］n.廢物，垃圾material,writing,etc.ofpoorquality;waste,refusethrash［WrAF］v.鞭打；翻騰——beat(apersonorananimal)withastickorwhip,esp.asapunishment;hit(sth.)withrepeatedblows［例］Thesharkthrashedthewaterwithitstail.rash［rAF］a.輕率的，魯莽的——actingordonewithoutcarefulconsiderationofthepossibleconsequences;impetuousquash［kwCF］v.取消；拒絕接受——reject(sth.)(bylegalprocedure)asnotvalid;declare(sth.)nottobeenforceablebylaw［例］Thehighcourtquashedthedecisionofthelowercourt.39.brittle,belittle,mettle,nettle,prattle,whittlebrittle［5britl］a.易碎的，脆弱的——easilybroken［例］asbrittleasthinglass像薄玻璃一樣易碎Thelittlegirlhasabrittletemper.belittle［bi5litl］vt.輕視，使渺小，使……顯得渺小——causetoseemunimportantmettle［5metl］n.勇氣；斗志——courage;spirit［例］asoldierfullofmettle充滿斗志的戰(zhàn)士nettle［5netl］v.煩憂；激惱——annoy;vexprattle［5prAtl］v.閑聊，空談——babble［例］Thebabyprattlesawayhappilyinitscot.whittle［witl］v.削(木頭)；削減——cutthinslicesorstripsoff(wood,etc.);graduallyremoveordecreasesth.［例］Inflationhaswhittledawaytheirsavings.40.broach,poach,porchbroach［brEutF］v.給……開口；開始討論，提出——makeaholein(abarrel)todrawofftheliquidinside;bringup,announce,begintotalkabout［例］broachabottleofwine打開一瓶酒broachthesubjectoffamilyproblems討論家庭問題poach［pEutF］v.偷獵，偷捕——catch(gamebirds,animalsorfish)withoutpermissiononanother'spropertyporch［pC:tF］n.門廊，走廊——coveredentrancetoabuilding,espachurchorahouse41.budge,badge,badger,cadge,gadgetbudge［bQdV］v.移動；讓步——(causesth.to)moveslightly;(causesb.to)changeanattitudeoropinion［例］Mybikestuckinthemud,anditwon'tbudge.OnceIhavemadeupmymind,Ineverbudge.badge［bAdV］n.徽章——thingworn(usu.adesignonclothorsth.madeofmetal)toshowaperson'soccupation,rank,membershipofasociety,etc.badger［5bAdVE］n.糾纏，煩擾——pester,annoycadge［kAdV］v.行乞，乞討，販賣——beg,getbybegginggadget［5^AdVit］n.小工具，小機(jī)械——smallmechanicaldeviceortool42.bumble,fumble,grumble,jumblebumble［5bQmbl］v.拙劣地做——actormoveinaclumsydisorganizedmanner［例］Thelonelywomanbumbledabsent-mindedlyalongtheroad.fumble［5fQmbl］v.摸索，搜尋——touchorhandle(sth.)awkwardlyornervouslyat/for/withsth.［例］Hefumbledwithhispenandbegantowrite.grumble［5fQmbl］v.喃喃訴苦，發(fā)怨言——complainorprotestinabad-temperedway［例］Whygrumbleatmeaboutyourownstupidstories?Wehaveheardthundergrumbling(away)inthedistance.jumble［5dVQmbl］n./v.混雜——mix(things)inaconfusedway［例］Herthoughtswerealljumbledtogether.43.bump,clump,hump,frump,lump,plump,slumpbump［bQmp］n.腫塊，撞擊；v.撞(破)，顛簸——swellingonthebody;collidewithsth.;movewithajoltingactioninthespecifieddirection［例］coveredinbumpsandbruises滿是腫塊和擦傷Ibumpedintoatableinthedark.clump［klQmp］n.土塊；v.叢生——aclusteredmass,alump;formlumpsorthickgroupings［例］clumpsofsoil土塊hump［hQmp］n.隆起；駝背；v.隆起——roundprojectingpartonthebackofacamel,etc.;deformityonaperson'sback,wherethereisanabnormalcurvatureofthespineformsth.intoahumpfrump［frQmp］n.衣著守舊的人——person(usu.awoman)whowearsdullold-fashionedclotheslump［lQmp］n.一塊，腫塊——hardorcompactmass,usu.withoutaregularshape;suddenleanorrolltooneside;staggerplump［plQmp］a.頗胖的，豐滿的——havingafullroundedshapeslump［slQmp］n.暴跌，下降，蕭條——fallorflopheavily(ofprices,trade,businessactivity)fallsuddenlyorgreatly［例］Tiredfromherwalksheslumped(down)ontothesofa.44.burnish,furnish,furbishburnish［5pCliF］v.磨光，擦亮(金屬)——polish,rubtoashinefurnish［5fE:niF］v.供應(yīng)，提供——supply，givefurbish［5fE:biF］v.磨光，刷新——polish,cleanorrenovate(esp.sth.thathasnotbeenusedforalongtime)［例］furbishupanantiquesword擦亮一把古劍45.buttress,mattress,tresses,toupeebuttress［5bQtris］v.支持，支撐；n.(建筑物)扶壁，支持物——supportorprop［例］Hewasabuttressagainstextremismintheparty.mattress［5mAtris］n.床墊——fabriccasefilledwithsoftorspringymaterial(e.g.wool,hair,feathers,foamrubber,etc.)andusedforsleepingontresses［tresiz］n.女人的長發(fā)longhair,esp.ofawomanAhatcoveredhergoldentresses.toupee［`tU:peI］n.男用假發(fā)——patchoffalsehairworntocoverabaldspot;smallwig46.canard,canarycanard［kA5nB:d］n.謠言，誤傳——unfoundedrumor;exaggeratedreportcanary［kE5nZEri］n.金絲雀，女歌星——small,yellow-featheredsong-bird,usukeptinacage;songstress47.captious,capacious,capriciouscaptious［5kApFEs］a.吹毛求疵的，挑剔的——faultfindingcapacious［kE5peiFEs］a.容積大的，寬敞的——spaciouscapricious［kE5priFEs］a.反復(fù)無常的——characterizedbysuddenchangesinattitudeorbehavior;impulsive［例］acapriciousclimate反復(fù)無常的氣候48.carat,caret,carol,extol,pistolcarat［5kArEt］n.克拉——unitofweightforpreciousstones;measureoffinenessofgoldcaret［5kArEt］n.加字符號“^”——symbolusedt