2022北京順義一中高二（上）期中英語Ⅰ卷第一部分知識運用（共兩節，分）第一節完形填空（共10小題，每小題分，滿分15分）MolaigrewatinyvillageinIndia.villagewaslocatednearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecondhome.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____1____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____2____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandcausedgreat____3____,whichhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____4____,thenumberofsnakeshaddecreasedaswell.He____5____thatitwasbecausethereenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.Thesolution,ofcourse,wasplanttreestheanimalscouldseek____6____duringthedaytime.Heturnedtheforestdepartmenthelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.Molaiwentlookingonhisownand____7____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.youngplantsindryseasonwas____8____foraloneMolaibuiltatthetopofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto____9____Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)onplantsMolai_____10_____planttreesthenext37years.Hishaveresulted1,360acres(英畝)ofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.1.A.nature2.A.valuable3.A.wasteB.youthC.cultureC.worryingC.painD.knowledgeD.embarrassedD.damageB.interestingB.tensionB.HoweverB.realizedB.partnersB.discoveredB.illegal4.A.Besides5.A.agreed6.A.directions7.A.rebuilt8.A.toughC.ThereforeC.rememberedC.helpD.OtherwiseD.predictedD.shelterC.leftD.managedD.beneficialD.collectC.fantasticC.heat9.A.prevent10.A.returnedB.reduceB.learnedC.continuedD.failed第二節語法填空（共10小題，每小題分，滿分15分）(A)閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Foraherder放牧人)inAfrica,thehardestpartofthejobissearchingforcattle(lose)inthebush.ButforaherderatafarminZimbabwe,aproblem.Oncehe____12____(spot)heknowstherestoftheherdisbecauseanordinarymemberoftheherd.aInhotcattlerestintheshadeunderhisbecauseofhis____13____(high),canspotlionslongbeforetheycomeclose____14____theherd.(B)閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Ihadneverfeltanearthquakeuntillastweek.Therewasasmallearthquake____15____couldhardlyevenbecalledearthquake.Iwasnotreally____16____(frighten).theearthmovelikethatjuststrange.Ofcourse,itlastedonlyafewseconds.Ihavespokenthelocalpeoplesincetheeventandtherewerenoinjuriesordamagedonebyit.Butifithadbeenarealearthquake,IthinkIwouldhavefeltquite____17____(different).(C)閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Inancienttimes,peopleheldnaturein(敬畏).Forexample,theAmericanIndians____18____(believe),“Humansareapartofnatureandnatureapartofhumans”.ashumanbeingsmastermoreknowledge,peopletrytochangenature.Theyusemoreland____19____(make)buildingsandcapturesomewildanimalstosuittheirownneeds.Inthisprocess,humansgraduallylosecontactwithnatureandeventhrowofbalance.Pleaseremember:Natureisnottheplacetovisit.____20____(we)home.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，分）第一節（共16小題，每小題2分，共32分）閱讀下面短文，從各題、B、、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。并在答題紙上將該選項涂黑。ANewJerseyBotanicalGardenMembershipeasyjoinNewJerseyBotanicalGarden(NJBG)Membershiprenewyourmembershiponline,byphoneorbymail.importanttoBotanicalGarden!membershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational(娛樂的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.Thankyouforyoursupport!joinorpleaseclickontheappropriatesectionandmembershipcategorybelowforsafeandconvenientonlinepaymentprocessingbyPayPal.Ifyoupreferjoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendinourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatfile).★JoinNJBGMembershipCategoryAnnualDuesIndividual$35Dual(兩人共用)Student$25$60Special:Save$5with$60$100$40BiennialDues(兩年會費)★RenewMembershipMembershipCategoryAnnualDuesIndividual$30Dual$50Student$25Special:Save$5with$50$80$40BiennialDuesTheBotanicalGardenstartedlifeasSkylands,aareainthegrandItisfamousa44-roomRevivalgranitemansion(公館)designedbyJohnRussellPope.Skylandshas96acresofformalandnaturalizedgardensandissurroundedbyover1,000acresofmeadows(草坪)andwoodlands.PurchasedbyStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBotanicalGarden1984,gardenscontainapproximately5,000speciesandvarietiesoftreesandflowers.Foryou,theNJBGisanexcitingandbeautifulplacetovisitwhereyoumayenjoyeachbest.Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners.NJBGmembershipyoudiscountsparticipatingnurseries,gardencentersandotherfinebusinesses.SimplypresentyourNJBGmembershipcardwhenbeginningyourpurchase:·BrookFarmandGarden(201)652-754010%yourpurchase·MetropolitanPlantExchange,(973)638-761312%yourpurchase·Rohsler’sAllendaleNursery&Florist,(201)327-315615%yourpurchase21.TheNJBGmembershipdollarscanbeusedto___________.A.furthereducationC.providebetterserviceB.updateonlinepaymentD.protecttheenvironment22.joinNJBGmembership,youcancallits___________.A.(201)327-3156C.(973)962-9534B.(201)652-7540D.(973)638-761323.renewone-yearmembershipyourparents,youneedpay___________.A.$50B.$60C.$80D.$10024.NewJerseyBotanicalGarden___________.A.wasofficiallynamedin1966B.wasdesignedbyJohnRussellPopeC.invitesmemberstoactivitiesD.givesmembersdiscountsfortheirpurchaseBJohnOtwayJohnOtwayhasbeenplayingmusicandmakingrecordsintheUKformorethan40years.Overtheyearshehasreleasedmorethantenalbums.Hehasplayedhundredsofconcerts.Hehaswrittentwoautobiographies.Hehasworkedwithsomeofthebestmusiciansandhehasevenmadeafilmabouthislife.Butdespiteallofthis,mostpeoplehaveneverheardofhim.Otwayreleasedhisfirstrecordin1972,butitwasthePunkMovementafewyearslaterthatreallygavehimhisbigchance.Otwaythegreatestmusicianbuthissongswerealwaysfun,andhisperformancesonstagewerealwaysentertaining-therewasagoodchancehewouldfallthestageleastonceThepunkslikedhim,and1977hehadasmallhitwhenhissingleReallyFreemadeitto27intheUKtop40charts.Otwayreallyenjoyedhissuccessbutnomorecame.Notoneofhisrecordsoverthenext30yearswasaAlthoughheneverhadmuchcommercialsuccess,Otwayhadalotofveryloyalfans.Whensomeoneaskedhimwhathewouldlikeforhis50thhisreply“Asecondhit.”HisfanswentoutandboughtasmanycopiesofthenewsingleBunsenBurnertheycould.AndinOctober2002,Otwayfinallysawhiswishcometrue.InachartthatfeaturedinternationalsuperstarslikePink,andOasis,BunsenBurnerittoNo.9.Manyhighstreetshopsrefusedtoselltherecord,sayingthatOtwaywastoooldandunattractivetheteenagemarket.Otwaycare.HecelebratedhissuccesswithanappearanceonbiggestmusicshowofthePops.ThesedaysJohnOtwaycontinuestoplayhismusicaroundtheandtherearealwaysplentyofpeoplewhoarehappygoandwatchhimperform.agreatexampleanyonelovesmakingmusic.havebeyoung,good-looking(orevenverytalented)toenjoyalongcareerinthemusicbusiness.25.Fromparagraph1,weknowthat________.A.JohnOtwayhasreleasedhundredsofalbumsB.JohnOtwayneverworkedwithbestmusiciansC.JohnOtwayhaswrittenhundredsofautobiographiesD.JohnOtwayisnotwell-knownintheasamusician26.JohnOtwaysawhiswishcometruewhenhereleased________.A.ReallyFreeB.BunsenBurnerD.hisfirstrecordC.ofthePops27.WhyweresomestreetshopsunwillingtosellhissingleBunsenBurner?A.Theythoughtitwasterrible.B.Itaverybighit.C.JohnOtwaywantthemhaveD.Theythoughtteenagerswouldnotliketobuyit.28.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Musicianshavetobeyoungandattractive.B.Successimportantinourlife.C.shouldbedeterminedtodowhatwelove.D.MusiciansdomuchbetterastheygetCGarbagecansarenotmagicalopenings.Garbagedoesdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.theaverageAmericanthrowsawayabout1,600poundsofwasteeachIftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,wheredoesitallgo?Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.Let'stakeaquicklookateach.Recyclingisprocessofturningwasteintonewmaterials.example,usedpapercanbeturnedintopaperboard,whichcanbeusedtomakebookcovers.Recyclingcanreducepollution,savematerials,andloweruse.somethatrecyclingwastesTheybelievethatcollecting,processing,andconvertingwasteusesmorethanitsaves.Still,mostpeopleagreethatrecyclingisbetterfortheplanetthanlandfilling.Landfillingistheoldestmethodofmanagingwaste.simplestform,landfillingiswhenpeopleburygarbageinahole.Overtimethepracticeoflandfillingadvanced.Garbageissqueezed(擠壓)togetherbeforeitisthrownintothehole.Inthiswaymoregarbagecanfiteachlandfill.linersareplacedinthebottomoflandfillssothatpoisonousgarbageliquiddoesn'tgetintothegroundtheselinersdon'talwayswork.LandfillsmaypollutethelocalwaterNottomentionthatallofthatgarbagesmellshorrible.Nobodywantstolivenextalandfill.Thismakesithardtofindnewlocationsforlandfills.Becauseofallthenegativeattentionthatlandfillinghasreceived,interestincompostinghasgrown.Compostingiswhenpeoplepileupsuchasfoodwaste,andallowitdecompose.Theproductofthisdecompositioniscompost.Compostcanbeaddedtothesoiltomakethesoilricherandbetterforgrowingcrops.Onethingthatiseasierdoisburninggarbage.Theretwomainwaystoincineratewaste.firstistocreateorharvestafuelfromthewaste,suchasmethanegas(沼氣),burnthefuel.secondistoburnthewasteTheheatfromtheincinerationprocesscanboilwhichcanpowersteamgenerators.burninggarbagepollutestheAlso,criticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldberecycled.thecommunitywhichyoulivemanageswaste.Onceyouputyourgarbageinthatcan,whathappensbeyondyourcontrol.Butyoucanmakechoiceswhileitisstillinyourhands.canchooserecycle,youcanchoosetocompost,oryoucanchooseletsomeoneelsedealwithit.Thechoiceisyours.29.Whydoestheauthormentionmagicalgarbagefairiesinthefirstparagraph?A.creativelysupporthisargumentwithevidence.B.pointthatgarbagedoesn'tdisappearitself.C.makethelanguageattractivepleasereaders.D.drawattentiontokindsofgarbagethrown30.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Somethinkrecyclingisawasteoftime.B.Incinerationmaydestroyrecyclableresources.C.Findingnewlocationsisthefocusoflandfilling.D.Thepurposeofacompostpileistomakesoilrich.31.Accordingtothepassage,landfilling_____________________.A.involvesburyinggarbageinaholeC.squeezesgarbagetogetherB.reducesthehorriblesmellsD.protectsgroundwater32.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magic:BringingBackWhatOnceLostB.Dealwiththegarbage:WhichisBestforC.MethodsofManagement:AdvantagesandDisadvantagesD.DoPart:HowtoSavetheEarthbyRecyclingCompostingDAnewstudypublishedintheNationalAcademyofSciencesprovidesameasureofhowfar“deepfake”technologyprogressed.Theresultssuggestthatrealhumanscaneasilyfallformachine-generatedfaces.foundthatAI-generatedfacesarehighlyrealistic,”saysstudyco-authorHanyFarid,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Theresultraisesconcernsthat“thesefacescouldbehighlywhenusedforcriminalpurposes.”Thesynthetic(合成的)facesforthisstudyweredevelopedinback-and-forthinteractionsbetweentwoneuralnetworks.Oneofthenetworks,calledaproducedanevolvingseriesofsyntheticfaceslikeastudentworkingprogressivelythroughroughdrafts.Theothernetwork,knownasatrainedonrealimagesandthengradedthegeneratedoutputbycomparingitwithdataonactualfaces.Thegeneratorbegantheexercisewithrandompixels(像素).feedbackfromtheitgraduallyproducedrealistichumanlikefaces.thediscriminatorwasunabletotellarealfacefromafakeone.Aftercollecting400realfacesmatched400syntheticversions,theresearchersasked315peopletoseparaterealfromfakeamongaselectionof128oftheimages.Anothergroupof219participantsgottrainingandfeedbackabouthowtospotfakesastheytriedtoseparatethefaces.Thefirstgroupdidnotdobetterthanacointosstellingrealfacesfromfakeones,withanaverageaccuracyof48.2percent.secondgroupfailedshowdramaticimprovement,receivingonlyabout59percent,evenwithfeedbackaboutthoseparticipants’choices.Theresearcherswerenotexpectingtheseresults.findingaddstoconcernsabouttheaccessibilityoftechnologythatmakesitpossibleforjustaboutanyonetocreatemisleadingstillimages.Anotherconcernisthatsuchfindingswillcreatetheimpressionthatdeepfakeswillbecomecompletelyundetectableandasaresult,scientistsmightgiveupontryingtodevelopcountermeasures(對策)todeepfakes.Theresearchersendwithastraightforwardconclusionafteremphasizingthatmisleadingusesofdeepfakeswillcontinuetoposeathreat:therefore,encouragethosedevelopingthesetechnologiestoconsiderwhethertheassociatedrisksaregreaterthantheirbenefits.Ifso,thenwediscouragethedevelopmentoftechnologysimplybecauseitispossible.”33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheexamplesofdeepfakeB.differencesbetweenthetwonetworks.C.tellarealfacefromafakeone.D.Theprocessofproducingthesyntheticfaces.34.advantageofdeepfakehumansmay_______.A.createrealfacesB.spotfakeimagesC.commitvariouscrimesD.makedetectivetools35.Accordingtothepassage,thefindingsofthestudy_______.A.mightinspirescientistsdevelopcountermeasurestodeepfakesB.provedtrainingcouldhelpparticipantstotellrealfromfakegreatlyC.matchedtheresearchers’expectationsofabilitytospotfakesD.showedhumanscouldeasilybemisguidedbymachine-generatedfaces36.Howdoresearchersfeelaboutdeepfaketechnology?A.Excited.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.D.Confused.第二節4小題，每小題2分，滿分8分）閱讀下面短文和問題，根據短文內容和每小題后的具體要求，完成對該問題的回答。Everyyearmoreofustryandreduceourimpactontheplanet.Arefillshop,orzerowasteshop,givesyouachoicetogogreen.Refillshopsbesmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.Mostofthetimetheywillbedryoneslikericeandnutsproduceddirectlyinthelocalsites,whichmeanslesscarbonfootprintfromfarmplate.Theycanalsobemanyothersustainable(可持續的)products,likerefillcleaningproductsandsoaps.Shoppersonlyneedbringcontainerstheyalreadyownandrefillthemfromcontainersinthestore.Refillandzero-wasteshopsareusuallylocatedincommunities.Buyingfromwithinwalkingdistance,ismoresustainableandkindertotheplanet,andyourIfyou’rewalkingdownthestreetyourlocalrefillshop,thenyou’redoinggreatbutifyou’redrivinghoursawaytofindyourclosestshop,thenthetransportmaycanceloutanybenefitsofwhatyouthewholeprocessnotjusttheendproduct.Perhapsthemostsignificantaspectofshoppingatlocalrefillshopsisthattheyencourageustothinkaboutourconsumer()habits.Theymakeuspauseandthinkabouthowwecanmakepositivechangestheenvironment.Ifyoucanshoplocalandindependentrefillshops,thenyoushould.Ithavebeallthetimebutminimizingwasteandchoosingrefillswhereyoucanmakeapositivedifference.37.Whatarerefillshops?(不超過12詞)________________________________________________________________________________38.Whatisthemostimportantvalueofrefillshopping?(不超過20)________________________________________________________________________________39.Whyarerefillshopsbuiltincommunitieswithinwalkingdistance?(不超過7個單詞)________________________________________________________________________________40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(3個單詞)________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ卷第三部分詞匯運用（共10分）（一）根據句意及所給的竹字母及中文提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式，并將完整單詞寫在答1分，共6分）41.Environmentexpertsthinkr__________(回收)plasticbagsisreallyimportanttoallofus.(根據中英文提示單詞拼寫)42.Somethinggavemethestrengthtoo__________()the(根據中英文提示單詞拼寫)43.Heisrude.Suchana__________態度)isunacceptablemostteachers.(根據中英文提示單詞拼寫)44.Ihadalreadytakenstepstospeedupas__________(解決辦法)totheproblem.(根據中英文提示單詞拼寫)45.Anyactorwilltellyouthatitiseasiertop__________(表演)thanbethemselves.(根據中英文提示單詞拼寫)46.Theywouldrathers__________(奮斗)forpeace.(根據中英文提示單詞拼寫)1分，共4分）選詞填空taketakeaction,takepartin,makedreamcometrue,comeupwith47.I’ll__________theimportantactivityandIamsureIwilllearnalotfromit.48.needmoretimehowthingsdevelopbefore__________.49.wecan__________ourownideasandlearnmorethroughdiscussion.aresupposedto__________yourowngrowth.第四部分：書面表達（20分）51.假設你是紅星中學高二（1）班學生李華，你校將在下周五舉辦“校園環保日”（CampusGreenLivingDayJim寫封郵件，邀請他參加你所選擇的活動。郵件的內容包括：1.介紹你選擇的活動內容；2.說明參加該活動的理由；3.詢問是否愿意參加該活動。注意：1.詞數100左右；2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua參考答案Ⅰ卷第一部分知識運用（共兩節，分）【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.B8.A9.D10.C【導語】這是一篇記敘文。Molai在印度的一個小村莊長大。16歲的時候，一場洪水導致他的家園遭受巨大損失。樹木的缺乏導致這些動物失去了遮蔽物，很多鳥兒離開，蛇類數量減少。Molai決定改變這一切，他經過努力，在附近找到了一個小島，開始種樹。在多年的時間里，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動植物的家園。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他從小就在那里了解到了大自然的價值和美麗。A.nature自然；B.youth青春，年輕；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知識。根據常識可知，濕地展現了“大自然”的價值和美。故選A。【2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：16歲時，Molai開始注意到他的家周圍發生了一些令人擔心的事情。A.valuable珍貴的；B.interesting有趣的；C.worrying令人擔心的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。根據該段后半部分可知，洪水侵襲，很多鳥兒離開，蛇的數量減少。這些情況都不正常，令人擔心。故選。【3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那年早些時候，一場洪水襲擊了這個地區，洪水造成的損害趕走了很多鳥類。A.waste廢物；B.tension緊張；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage損害，傷害。根據語境及常識可知，洪水侵襲這個地區，它會“損害”莊稼、樹木，這些都會導致鳥兒們離開。故選D。【4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，蛇的數量也減少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否則。根據“aswell”可知，洪水不僅導致很多鳥兒離開，而且，它還導致蛇的數量減少。故選A。【5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他意識到這是因為沒有足夠的樹來保護它們免受炎熱的影響。A.agreed同意；B.realized意識到；C.remembered記住，記起；D.predicted預測。根據后文“thatwasbecausethereenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.”可知，Molai意識到鳥兒離開、蛇類減少是因為沒有足夠的樹木。故選B。【6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當然，解決的辦法是種樹，這樣動物們就可以在白天尋找棲身之處。A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help幫助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇護，遮蔽物。根據常識可知，樹木可以給動物們提供“遮蔽”。故選D。【7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Molai自己去看了看，發現了附近的一個島嶼，他開始在那里種樹。A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered發現；C.left離開；D.managed設法做成。根據前面的“lookingonhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下來就應該是他“發現”了一個小島。故選B。【8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對一個孤獨的男孩來說，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A.tough困難的；B.illegal非法的；C.fantastic極好的；D.beneficial有益的。根據該段后半部分的敘述可知，Molai想盡辦法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，給幼苗澆水很“難”。故選A。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Molai在每棵樹苗的頂端都搭建了一個竹子平臺，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的陶罐來收集雨水。A.prevent阻止；B.reduce減少；C.heat加熱；D.collect收集。根據常識可知，陶罐是用來盛水的。由此可知，他將陶罐放到竹子平臺上“收集”雨水。故選D。【10題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的37年里，Molai繼續種樹。A.returned返回；learned學會；C.continued繼續；D.failed失敗。根據后文“Hishaveresultedin1,360acres(英畝)ofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.”可知，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動植物的家園。由此推知，在接下來的37年里，他會“繼續”種樹。故選C。第二節語法填空（共10小題，每小題分，滿分15分）【答案】lost12.spots13.height14.【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，在非洲的津巴布韋，一頭長頸鹿與牛群生活在一起，同吃同住，相處得非常和諧。【題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：對于非洲的牧民來說，工作中最困難的部分是尋找迷失在叢林中的牛群。由“Oncehe___2__(spot)heknowstherestoftheherdisnearby”可知，此處表示“工作中最困難的部分是尋找迷失在叢林中的牛群”，空格處意為“迷失的”，用形容詞作后置定語，修飾cattle，“迷失的”的形容詞是lost，故填lost。【12題詳解】考查時態和主謂一致。句意：一旦發現，它就知道其他牛群就在附近。由knows可知，句子時態是一般現在時，主語he是單數，因此空格處用第三人稱單數，故填spots。【13題詳解】考查名詞。句意：由于它的身高，可以在獅子接近牛群之前就發現它們。his后用名詞作介詞of的賓語，high的名詞是height，意為“身高”，是不可數名詞，故填height。【14題詳解】考查介詞。句意：由于它的身高，可以在獅子接近牛群之前就發現它們。comeclose是固定短語，意為“接近”，因此空格處是介詞to，故填to。【答案】15.that##which16.frightened17.differently【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者在上周經歷了一次小地震之后的感想。【15題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：發生了一場小地震，幾乎不能稱之為地震。分析句子結構可知，此處應為關系詞引導的定語從句，從句中缺少主語，所以此處使用關系代詞，先行詞asmallearthquake指的是物，所以此處使用thatwhichthat/which。【16題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我并不是真的害怕。分析句子結構可知，此處應為形容詞作表語，frighten的形容詞為frightening意為“令人害怕的”和frightened意為“感到害怕的”，結和句意可知，此處表示的是“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。【17題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但如果這是一場真正的地震，我想我會有完全不同的感覺。分析句子結構可知，此處為副詞作狀語，different的副詞為differently意為“不同地”符合句意。故填differently。【答案】18.believed19.tomake20.our【導語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了人與自然應該和諧相處。【18題詳解】考查時態。句意：例如，美洲印第安人認為，“人類是自然的一部分，自然也是人類的一部分”。根據文章時間狀語Inancienttimes可知，用一般過去時態。故填believed。【19題詳解】考查不定式。句意：他們用更多的土地建造建筑物，捕獲一些野生動物以滿足自己的需要。usesth.todosth.用某物做某事。故填make。【20題詳解】考查代詞。句意：它是我們的家園。名詞home前用形容詞性物主代。故填our。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，分）第一節（共16小題，每小題2分，共32分）【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D【分析】本文是一則廣告，文章介紹了辦理NJBG會員的費用、程序、聯系方式和好處。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中的membershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational娛樂的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.可知，你的會員美元有助于改善花園，并為公眾提供教育和娛樂活動。由此可知，NJBG會員美元可以用來提供更好的服務。故C項正確。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段Ifyouprefertojoinbyphoneormail,calltheNJBGat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatPDFfile).可知，如果您想通過電話或郵件加入，請致電NJBG辦公室(973)962-9534或下載并發送我們的會員手冊（AdobeAcrobatPDFC項正確。【23題詳解】細節理解題。根據RenewMembershipAnnualDues一欄對應的Dual數值是$50可知，為父母續簽一年的會員資格需要花費$50。故A項正確。【24題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后部分中10%yourpurchase，12%yourpurchase和15%yourpurchase可知，新澤西植物園在會員購買時能夠打折。故D項正確。【點睛】細節理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇廣告，介紹了辦理NJBG會員的費用、程序、聯系方式和好處。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預測應該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細節上。快速通篇跳讀，全文掃視，找到細節出處，待找到含細節句子時，放慢速度，仔細核對比較內容，直至找到答案。如小題4根據PurchasedbytheStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBotanicalGarden1984,可知，新澤西植物園被官方命名的時間是1984A項錯誤。根據Itisfamousa44-roomRevivalgranitemansion(公館)designedbyJohnRussellPope.JohnRussellPope設計的是Revivalgranitemansion不是新澤西植物園，B項錯誤。根據Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners可知，會員們可以在新澤西植物園參加活動，而不是組織活動。C項錯誤。根據最后部分中10%yourpurchase，12%yourpurchase和15%yourpurchase可知，新澤西植物園在會員購買時能夠打折，故D項正確。【答案】25.D26.B27.D28.C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了英國音樂家JohnOtway雖然在英國演奏音樂和制作唱片超過40年，但是毫無名氣。文章說明了JohnOtway從事音樂家以來的事跡，雖然JohnOtway沒有名氣但是他忠于自己喜愛的事業沒有放棄。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中Butdespiteallofthis,mostpeoplehaveneverheardofhim.可知盡管如此，大多數人從未聽說過他。由此可知，JohnOtway在英國作為音樂家并不出名。故選D。【26題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中HisfanswentoutandboughtasmanycopiesofthenewsingleBunsenBurnertheycould.October2002,Otwayfinallysawhiswishcometrue.可知他的粉絲們出去買了盡可能多的BunsenBurner專輯。2002年10月，Otway的愿望終于實現了。由此可知，當JohnOtwayBunsenBurner專輯后，他的愿望實現了。故選B。【27題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中Manyhighstreetshopsrefusedselltherecord,sayingthatOtwaywastoooldandunattractivetheteenagemarket.可知許多商業街的商店拒絕出售這張唱片，說奧特威唱片太老了，對青少年市場沒有吸引力。由此可知，一些街頭商店不愿意賣他的BunsenBurner專輯，因為他們認為青少年不會愿意買。故選D。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章內容主要講述了英國音樂家JohnOtway雖然在英國演奏音樂和制作唱片超過40年，但是毫無名氣。文章說明了JohnOtway從事音樂家以來的事跡，雖然JohnOtway沒有名氣但是他忠于自己喜愛的事業沒有放棄。可知由此可推知，從這篇文章中我們能了解到，我們應該下定決心去做我們喜歡做的事。故選C。【答案】29.B30.B31.A32.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了垃圾處理的四種方法及其優缺點。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Iftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,wheredoesitallgo?Garbagedoesnotdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.（如果沒有魔法垃圾仙子，它們都去哪了?你把垃圾扔進垃圾桶它是不會消失的）”可推斷，作者提出魔法垃圾仙子為了指出垃圾不會自己消失，從而引出下文垃圾的四種處理方式。故選B項。【30題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第五段“Also,somecriticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldberecycled.值的可回收資源。故選B項。【31題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Initssimplestform,landfillingiswhenpeopleburygarbageinahole.（最簡單A項。【32題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.（有四種處理廢物的方法：回收、填埋、堆肥圾處理的四種方法及其優缺點。C項“處理垃圾的方法：優點和缺點”課作為本文標題。故選C項。【答案】33.D34.C35.D36.B【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是美國國家科學院(NationalAcademyofSciences)發表的一項新研究為“深度造假”技術的發展提供了一個衡量標準。研究結果表明，真實的人類很容易被機器生成的面孔所迷惑。【33題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段的“Thesyntheticfacesthisstudyweredevelopedback-and-forthinteractionsbetweentwoneuralnetworks.Oneofthenetworks,calledaproducedanevolvingseriesofsyntheticfaceslikeastudentworkingprogressivelythroughroughdrafts.othernetwork,knownasatrainedonrealimagesandthengradedthegeneratedoutputbycomparingitwithdataonactualfaces.(該研究的合成人臉是在兩個神經網絡之間的來回交互中開發的。其中一個被稱為“生成器”的網絡產生了一系列不斷進化的合成面孔，就像一個學生逐步完成草稿一樣。另一個網絡被稱為鑒別器，它以真實的圖像為訓練對象，然后通過與真實面孔的數據進行比較，對生成的輸出進行分級)”可知，第二段主要講的是合成人臉的生產過程。故選D。【34題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段的“Theresultraisesconcernsthat“thesefacescouldbehighlywhenusedforcriminalpurposes.”(這一結果引發了人們的擔憂，即“這些人臉在用于犯罪目的時可能非常有效。”)”可知，利用深度造假技術，人類可能犯下各種罪行，故選。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段的“Thefirstgroupdidnotdobetterthanacointossattellingrealfacesfromfakeones,withanaverageaccuracyof48.2percent.secondgroupfailedtoshowdramaticimprovement,receivingonlyabout59percent,evenwithfeedbackaboutthoseparticipants’choices.(第一組在辨別真假面孔方面的表現并不比扔硬幣好，平均準確率為48.2%。第二組沒有表現出顯著的改善，只有大約59%的準確率，即使是獲得了關于參與者的選擇的反饋)”可知，根據文章，這項研究的發現表明人類很容易被機器生成的面孔誤導，故選D。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段的“Thefindingaddstoconcernsabouttheaccessibilityoftechnologythatmakesitpossibleforjustaboutanyonetocreatemisleadingstillimages.Anotherconcernisthatsuchfindingswillcreatetheimpressionthatdeepfakeswillbecomecompletelyundetectableandasaresult,scientistsmightgiveupontryingtodevelopcountermeasurestodeepfakes.(這一發現增加了人們對技術可用性的擔憂，因為幾乎任何人都有可能制造出具有誤導性的靜止圖像。另一個擔憂是，這樣的發現會給人留下這樣的印象，即深度造假將完全無法被探測到，因此，科學家可能會放棄嘗試開發應對深度造假的對策)”可知，研究人員對深度造假技術的態度是擔心的，故選B。第二節4小題，每小題2分，滿分8分）【答案】37.Refillshopsaresmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.38.Themostimportantvalueofrefillshoppingisthatencouragesustothinkaboutourconsumerhabits.39.Becausethey’remoresustainableandenvironmentally-friendly.40.Arefillshop/Zerowasteshop.【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是零浪費店為環保所做出的努力和貢獻。【37題詳解】考查細節理解。根據第二段中的“Refillshopstendbesmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.(零浪費店往往是小型的，獨立的商店，出售非包裝商品。)”可知，零浪費店是出售非包裝商品的小型獨立商店。故答案是Refillshopsaresmall,independentstoresthatsellnon-packagedgoods.【38題詳解】考查細節理解。根據第四段中的“Perhapsthemostsignificantaspectofshoppingatlocalrefillshopsisthattheyencourageustothinkaboutourconsumer(消費)habits.(也許在當地的零浪費店購物最重要的一點是，它們鼓勵我們思考我們的消費習慣。)”可知，零浪費店最重要的價值在于它鼓勵人們去思考消費習慣。故答案是Themostimportantvalueofrefillshoppingisthatitencouragesusthinkaboutourconsumerhabits.【39題詳解】考查細節理解。根據第三段中的“Refillandzero-wasteshopsareusuallylocatedincommunities.Buyingfromwithinwalkingdistance,ismoresustainableandkindertotheplanet,andyour零浪費商店通常位于社區。顯然，在步行距離內購買更可持續發展，對地球和你的社區更友好。)”可知，零浪費店經常健在社區，使得就可以步行去購物，這樣對地球和社區更友好，由此可知，零浪費店建在步行可達的社區是因為他們更可持續發展和環保。故答案是Becausethey’remoresus