主謂一致Q1：什么是主謂一致？例句：①He

often

helps

me.

②They

often

help

me.主單，謂單（V-s）主復，謂復定義：謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式與主語的單復數(shù)形式保持一致。——謂隨主便Q2：何時使用主謂一致？（時態(tài)）【原則1】語法一致謂語V.的單復數(shù)形式與主語在

上保持一致。John

(get)upatsixo'clockeverymorning.【原則2】意義一致謂語V.的單復數(shù)形式與主語在

上保持一致。Thecrowd

(be)surroundingalovelydog.【原則3】鄰近一致謂語V.的單復數(shù)形式與

的主語保持一致。There

(be)apenandtwobooksonthedesk.getswereis形式意義鄰近謂語(主意單,謂用單;主意復,謂用復)(近謂主語定謂形)(主形單,謂用單;

主形復,謂用復)Q3：如何使用主謂一致？主語的意義決定謂語的單復數(shù)形式思維導圖·覽考點主謂一致英語中,主語的單復數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定著謂語動詞的形式,這被稱作主謂一致。它主要遵循以下原則:1.語法一致語法一致指主語和謂語在語法形式上保持一致。1.單數(shù)n.：

謂V.用單數(shù);復數(shù)n.：謂V.用復數(shù)。Health

(be)wealth.

Water

(be)thesourceoflife.Thispieceoffurniture

(have)beenboughtbyme.Theboy

(be)lostintheforestyesterday.Mysisters

(do)notlikeplayingfootball.

Women

(play)animportantpartinfamilylife.isishaswasdoplay

①Everyone________(be)here.is1.復合不定代詞：something，someone，nothing,everything,everyone等做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。2.manya+n.，morethanone+n.做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)

①Manyastudent____(like)English.②Morethanonestudent____(have,has)failedtheexam.likeshas3.不定式或動名詞做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

①Havingtochangetrains___(be)asmallinconvenience.②Tosayyouwereignorantoftherules___(be)noexcuse.isis4.we/you/they/名詞復數(shù)+each作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。

eachof+us/you/them/名詞復數(shù)作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。①Eachofthestudents______(have)anapple.②Thestudentseach_______(have)anapple.hashave2.意義一致意義一致指從意義上著眼處理主謂關系。比如:主語形式雖然是單數(shù),但意義上卻是復數(shù),謂語動詞就應用復數(shù)形式。某些情況下,主語雖然是復數(shù),但意義是單數(shù),謂語動詞也應該用單數(shù)。1.單數(shù)形式兼具單復數(shù)意義:

家庭VS家人班級VS全班同學小組VS組員團隊VS隊員Herfamily

(be)verybigwith10people.Herfamily

(be)havingdinner.Theteam

(have)11players.Theteam

(be)tallandstrong.familyclassgroupteamisarehasare表示整個整體,謂語V.用單數(shù);表示所有成員,謂語V.用復數(shù)。2.復數(shù)形式表示單數(shù)意義：①學科名/國名/書名等：Ithinkthatmaths

(be)verydifficulttolearn.

GreatExpectations

(be)writtenbyCharlesDickensin1860.②單位數(shù)量：時間、距離、長度、金錢、重量Tendollars

(be)enoughforhim.Fiveminutes

(be)notenoughtofinishthiswork.maths(數(shù)學)

politics(政治)

physics(物理)news(新聞)theUnitedStates(美國)Times《時代》isisisis謂V.用單數(shù)。3.單復數(shù)同形：Everypossiblemeans

(have)beentried.Allpossiblemeans

(have)beentried.Thatfish

(be)veryfresh.Severalfish

(be)caughtyesterday.hashavemeans(方法）species(物種;種類）——復數(shù)形式

fish(幾條魚）deer(鹿）sheep(綿羊）——單數(shù)形式iswere表示單數(shù)意義,謂V.用單數(shù);表示復數(shù)意義,謂V.用復數(shù)。4.the+形容詞/過去分詞表示“一類人”：Therich

(be)notalwayshappierthanthepoor.Thesickintheaccident

(have)beentakentothehospital.

Theinjured

(be)rescued(營救)fromtheruins(廢墟)

lastnight.the+形容詞:the+過去分詞:theinjured

受傷者thelost

失蹤者

theunemployed失業(yè)者

therich富人

/thepoor窮人theold老人/theyoung年輕人

arehavewere謂V.用復數(shù)。5.

some/most/therest/分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+of+名詞,Mostoftheworkers

(be)

insupportoftheplan.Mostofthewaterinthebottle

(be)drankbytheboyyesterday.Therestofthemoney

(be)giventomymotheryesterday.

Therestoftheapples

(be)eatenbymysisterlastnight.One-thirdoftheproject

(have)beenfinished

uptonow.Eightyfivepercentofthestudents

(have)finishedtheirhomework.arewaswaswerehashave謂V.與of后的名詞保持一致。3就近一致原則

由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等連接的并列主語，謂語動詞常和靠近的作主語的名詞有單復數(shù)上保持一致。

NotonlyhebutalsoIaminvited.Neithermyglovesnormyhatgoeswiththedress.

但注意：

“with/alongwith/togetherwith/including/but/except/like/among/aswellas/nomorethan/besides/ratherthan+名詞”置于主語后，謂語動詞一般仍和前面的名詞在單復數(shù)上保持一致。Theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom.3.主語含有并列短語時,Notthemother

butthechildren

(be)cookthemealyesterday.NeitherJanenorI

(have)finishedthehomework.Notonlyyoubutalsoyourgrandpa

(enjoy)swimming.NotmyfriendbutI

(be)intendtostudyabroad.or(或者)either...or...(要么...要么...)neither...nor...(...和...都不)not...but...(不是...而是...)notonly...butalso...(不但...而且...)

werehaveenjoysam謂V.與靠近謂語V.的主語保持一致。(就近一致)2.主語后接修飾短語時,

Awomanwithsomechildren______(be)

comingsoon.Myfather,togetherwithhisworkmates,

(have)beentoBeijing.Nooneexceptmyparents

(know)anythingaboutthis.Allbutone

(be)killedintheaccidentyesterday.Theteacher

aswellasthestudents

(have)readthebookalready.with=alongwith=togetherwith=aswellas(和...一起)

but=expect(除了)

ratherthan(而不是)類型三：并列結構作主語ishasknowswerehas謂V.與遠離謂語V.的主語保持一致。(就遠一致)(2)Therebe或Herebe這兩個結構中,be動詞常與最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。Thereisapen,twopencilsandsomebooksonthedesk.書桌上有一支鋼筆、兩支鉛筆和一些書。Therearetwopencils,apenandsomebooksonthedesk.書桌上有兩支鉛筆、一支鋼筆和一些書。2.There____(lie)aparkandtwoshopsbehindtheschool.lies1.Neitherthesingersnorthehost______(know)thenameofthenewcompetitoruntiltheshowstarts.knows固定短語修飾主語1.“許多...”

謂語V.的單復數(shù)形式與of后的名詞保持一致。Plentyofeggs

(be)putinthisbasket.Agooddealofmoney

(have)beenspentonbooks.2.

“不止一個;許多...”謂語V.用單數(shù)。Morethanoneroad

(be)beingbuiltatpresent.Manyastudent

(hope)toreducehomework.arehasishopesalotof/lotsof/plentyof/agreatdealof+名詞morethanone+單數(shù)n.manya+單數(shù)n.固定短語修飾主語3.“許多...”，謂語V.用復數(shù)；“...的數(shù)量”，謂語V.用單數(shù)。

Thenumberofthebooks

(be)nomorethan100andanumberofthem

(be)arecheap.

4.

“許多...，大量...”,謂語V.的單復數(shù)形式與amount和quantity的詞形保持一致。Agreatquantityofmoney

(be)spentontheprojectlastyear.Largequantitiesofsand

(be)washeddownthehillbytherainyestersay.isareaamountof+名詞amountsof+名詞anumberof+名詞thenumberof+名詞aquantityof+名詞quantitiesof+名詞waswere主謂一致的測試熱點5.關系代詞who,that,which作主語，定語從句謂語動詞的形式取決于其先行詞的單復數(shù)。Heisoneoftheteacherswho____________(know)Englishwell.

Heistheonlyteacherwho_____________(know)Englishwell.Italkedwiththeboyswho____________(swim)fastinyourclass.I,who____________(be)yourteacher,willteachyoueverythingyouknow.knowknowsswimamSummarySumupthethreeprinciples(Subject-verbagreement)語法一致:意義一致：就近一致：單單復復形單意復復形復意單單neither…nor,either…or,notonly…butalso,therebe句型等

peoplepolice

news,politicsphysics,maths

三原則單句改錯1.Thepoorwaslookeddownoninancienttimes.2.Whateverisworthdoingareworthdoingwell.3.I’mgoodatEnglish,butmymathsareverypoor.4.IwouldliketodescribeoneofmybestfriendswhosenamearePeter.5.Wecanalsoseebeinghonestareeasiersaidthandone.wereisisisis【考點專練】(

)1.Becauseofthespecialsituationthisyear,about___

ofthestudentsinourschool

havingclassesontheInternetathome.

A.twothirds;are B.twothird;is C.secondthirds;are D.twothirds;is(

)2.Eitherthestudentsortheteacher

himverywell.

A.knows B.toknow C.know D.knewAA