第第頁(yè)河南省部分中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題（word版含解析，無(wú)聽(tīng)力部分）秘密★啟用前

2023~2024學(xué)年河南省部分中學(xué)上期開(kāi)學(xué)考試

高二英語(yǔ)試題卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名.準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫在答題卡上。

2.作答時(shí)，務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。

一、閱讀理解

A

FourLargestArtMuseumsintheWorld

Artmuseumsallovertheworldofferspacetodisplayawiderangeofart,fromsculpturestopaintings.Thisarticletakesalookatthelargestartmuseumsbyarea.

TheLouvre

TheLouvre,locatedinParis,isthelargestartmuseumintheworld.Itisconsideredahistoricmonument.Thisbuildingfirstservedasacastilebeforebecomingaroyal(皇家的)residence.UnderKingLouisXIV,itwasusedtohousetwoartschools.TheLouvreMuseumwasopenedwith537paintings.Today,itishometoaround38,0000pieces.

StateHermitageMuseum

TheSateHermitageMuseumlocatedinSt.Petersburg,Russia,isthesecondlargestartmuseumintheworld.Ithasatotalareaof719,480squarefeet.Thismuseum,oneoftheoldestintheworld,ishometoacollectionofover3millionpieces.

NationalMuseumofChina

ThethirdlargestmuseumistheNationalMuseumofChina.LocatedbesideTiananmenSquareinBeijing,itcoversanareaof700,000squarefeet.ItschiefaimistoeducatethepublicandpromotethehistoryandartsofChina.TheNationalMuseumofChinahouseabout1.05millionpiecesinitscollection.

MetropolitanMuseumofArt

ThefourthlargestmuseumintheworldistheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCity,whichcoversanareaof633,100squarefeet.Today,thismuseumisin.abuildingthatis20timeslargerthantheoriginalandlocatedontheborderofCentralPark.Itishometomorethan2millionpieces.Additionally,itisknownforitslargecollectionofmusicalinstruments.

1．WhatdoweknowaboutTheLouvrefromthetext

A．Membersoftheroyalfamilyoncelivedthere.

B．Itusedtobearoyalmuseum.

C．Ithasthelargestcollectionofpaintings.

D．Studentsmajoringinartcanreceiveeducationtherenow.

2．Accordingtothetext,________hasthelargestcollectionofartpieces.

A．TheLouvreB．StateHermitageMuseum

C．NationalMuseumofChinaD．MetropolitanMuseumofArt

3．WhatisMetropolitanMuseumofArtfamousfor

A．Itismuchlargerthantheoriginalinsize.B．Itisthelargestartmuseumintheworld.

C．Itreceivesthemostvisitorsintheworld.D．Ithasalargecollectionofmusicalinstruments.

B

Lastfall,IwenttoNewYorkforsightseeing.Ivisitedmanytouristattractionsthere,andIalsosawmanyunfortunatecitizensonthestreet,likebeggarsandhomelessfolks.

StandingoutsidetheMetropolitanMuseumofArt,Iheardavoiceask,“Canyoudomeafavor”WhenIturnedaround,Isawanelderlyblindwomanwithherhandextendedout.Naturally,Ireachedintomypocketforsomechangeimmediatelyandplaceditinherhandwithoutevenlookingather.Iwasreallyannoyedatbeingbotheredbyabeggar.WhatIonlythoughtatthatmomentwastosendheraway.

Buttheblindwomansaidwithawarmsmileonherface,"Idon'twantyourmoney.Ijustneedyoutoshowmethewaytothesubwayentrance."

Inaninstant,IrealizedwhatIhaddonejustnow.Herunexpectedwordstookmebysurpriseandshame.Ihadactedwithprejudice——I'djudgedanotherpersonsimplyforwhatIassumedshehadtobe.Ifeltashamedofmyselfandcouldn'tfacetheoldwomananymore.AndIfeltsmallbesideher.

TheincidentremindedmethatIbelievedinbeinghumble,eventhoughIhadlostthatbeliefforamoment.ThethingIhadforgottenaboutmyselfisthatIamanimmigrant.IleftHondurasandarrivedintheU.S.attheageof15.Throughtheyears,Ihaveexperiencedmanyactsofprejudice.Irememberatimeattheageof17whenIwasabusboy,Iheardafathertellhislittleboythatifhedidnotdowellinschool,hewouldenduplikeme.Butnow,livingmyAmericanmiddle-classlifestyle,itistooeasytoforgetwhoIamandwhereIhavebeen,andtolosesightofwhereIwanttogo.Itistheblindwomanwhocuredmeofmyblindness.

4．Whatdidtheauthorthinktheblindwomanwantedatfirstsight

A．Toaskfordirections.B．Toofferhimsomehelp.

C．Todemandsomedonations.D．Toborrowmoneyfromhim.

5．Whydidtheauthorfeelashamed

A．Hehadaprejudiceonthewoman.B．Hecouldn'tfacethewoman.

C．Hewasjudgedbyhisappearance.D．Hewasanimmigranthimself.

6．Whydidtheauthormentionhisexperienceasabusboy

A．Toindicateheledamiserablelife.B．Totellhedidn'tworkhardatschool.

C．Toproveheusedtobeahumbleman.D．Toshowheusedtobeunfairlyjudged.

7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A．BeConsiderate-AlwaysMindingYourWords

B．BeHumble-AlwaysDroppingYourPrejudice

C．BeGenerous-AlwaysHelpingThoseinNeed

D．BeAggressive-AlwaysHavingaBigDream

C

Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazardshasbeenalmostthreetimesless.

AccordingtotheWMO,from1970to2023,weather,climateandwaterhazardsaccountedfor50percentofalldisasters.Amongthetop10hazardsthatledtothelargestlossofhumanlifeduringthisperiodweredroughts,storms,floodsandextremetemperatures.However,deathsfellfromover50,000inthe1970stolessthan20,000inthe2023s.

“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange,”saysWMOSecretary-GeneralPetteriTaalas.

“Thatmeansmoreheatwaves,droughtandforestfiressuchasthosewehaveobservedrecentlyinEuropeandNorthAmerica.Wehavemorewatervaporintheatmosphere,whichisworseningextremerainfallanddeadlyflooding.Thewarmingoftheoceanshasaffectedthefrequencyandareaofexistenceofthemostintensetropicalstorms.”

“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.Quitesimply,wearebetterthaneverbeforeatsavinglives,”Taalassaid.

8．Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph

A．Disastersconnectedwithweatherhavegoneup.

B．Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasdecreased.

C．Thenumberofdeathsfromhazardshasbeenincreasing.

D．Earlywarningsystemshavemadedisastersdeclinemuch.

9．WhatwillhappenaccordingtoPetteriTaalas

A．Therewillbemoreextremeweather.

B．Extremerainfallwillnolongerexist.

C．Watervaporintheatmospherewillgodown.

D．Humanswilldefeatextremeweatherintheend.

10．Whatishopefulbehindthebadnews

A．Improvedwarningsystemswillsaveeconomiclosses.

B．Economiclossesaregoingdownasexposureincreases.

C．Moreliveswillbesavedthankstoearlywarningsystems.

D．Improvedearlywarningsystemswillcontrolextremeweather

11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazards”inparagraph1probablymean

A．Somethingpolluted.

B．Somethingreported.

C．Somethingdangerous.

D．Somethingsafe.

D

AroboticpolicedogisbeingusedtolookforhighbodytemperaturesinhomelesspeopleatatemporaryshelterinHawaii’scapital,Honolulu.TheeffortisonewaypublicsafetyagenciesarestartingtousethecommercialrobotSpot.Spotcanmovelikeananimalandcanwalkoveralmostanythingapersoncan.Butpeopleconcernedaboutprivacy（隱私）warnthatthepolicearequicklybuyingtherobotswithoutsafeguardsagainstmisuseandthatitmaybecomeadangertopeople’sprivacy.

InHonolulu,thepolicedepartmentspentabout$150,000inpandemic（疫情）admoneytobuytheirSpot.ItwasboughtfromBostonDynamicsforuseatagovernmenthomelessshelterneartheairporttolookforhighbodytemperaturesbetweenmealtimes.SupervisorJosephO’NealoftheHonoluluPoliceDepartmentsad,“Becausethesepeoplearehouseless,it’sconsideredOKtodothat.”TheNewYorkPoliceDepartmentstartedusingSpotafterpaintingitblueandrenamingit“Digidog”.However,SpotreceivedattentionandcriticismthatledthepolicedepartmenttoreturnDigidogto1tsmaker.

MichaelPerryisthevicepresidentofBostonDynamics.Hesandthecompany’susageguidelinesimpedetherobot’suseasaweapon.Itisalsonotsupposedtobeusedforanythingthatwouldgoagainstprivacyorcivilrightslaws.

Thereareabout500SpotrobotsInuse.Spotisstillmostlycontrolledbyhumans.AlltheoperatorshavetodoistellSpotwhichdirectiontogonandtcandealwithadifficultpath,likesteps.Itcanalsooperateonitsown,butonlyfithasmemorizedapathandtherearenotanysurprisesJongwookKim,thelegaldirectorattheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionofHawaii,sandtheyareusedbycompaniestoinspectareaswithdangerouslevelsofelectricityandalsousedinbuildingsites,minesandfactories.Kimsandthattheremightbesomegoodusesforsuchmachinesbutopeningthedoorforpolicerobotstoworkwiththepublicisprobablynotagoodidea.

12．Whatdoesthepublicthinkoftheroboticpolicedog

A．It'sausefultool.B．Itcoststoomuch.

C．It'sariskymachine.D．Itcanguardagainstviolenceinpublic.

13．ForwhatpurposedidthepoliceInHonolulubuySpot

A．TocompetewithDigidog.B．Topickoutabnormalbodytemperatures.

C．Todelivermealstothehomeless.D．Todosomecleaningintheairport.

14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impede”inparagraph3probablymean

A．searchB．explain

C．stopD．trade

15．WhatcanwelearnaboutSpotrobotsfromthelastparagraph

A．Theycanwalkdownsteps.B．Theycanbeusedinanyfield.

C．Theycandealwithunexpectedthings.D．Theycan’tperformtaskswithoutorders

二、七選五

Ifyouneedtointerviewsomeoneforanarticlebutyouhaveneverinterviewedbefore,itcanbefrightening.Herearesometipsforpreparingforandconductingasuccessfulinterview.

___16___Ifthepersonisaknownauthororspeaker,takethetimetoreadorlistenedtohis/herwork,oratleastgetfamiliarwithhis/hermostrecentormostimportantwork.Iftheinterviewwillcoverevents,reviewwhateverisknownpubliclyaboutthoseevents..

Beingarecordingdevice(錄音設(shè)備).Youcanuseyourphoneoranaudiorecorder.Inthiswayyouneedn’tstruggletowritethingsdown._____17_____Andthiswillmakeiteasiertoincludedirectquoteswhenyoustartwriting.

Remembertomakeitaconversationratherthanalistofquestions.Preparedquestionsarejustaguideline.____18____.Youcanalsotrytoaskyourintervieweeabouthis/herpersonalthoughtsandreactionstoeventsandpeopletheydealwith.

Appropriatefeedback(反饋)isalsoimportant.Feelfreetosaywordsthatshowyouarelistening,like“yeah”and“Mmmm”.____19____Youcanalsogivemorefacialfeedbacklikesmiling.

___20___Iftheintervieweechangessuddenlyfromonelineofthoughttoanother,leadthembacktotheareayouarefocusingon.Guidetheinterviewbutdon’tkeepinterruptingwithmanyquestions.

A．Politelyaskifyoucaninterviewthem.

B．Doyourhomeworkbeforeyoupickupthephone.

C．Thenyoucanfocusallyourattentionontheinterview.

D．Considerhowallthequestionscanbeaskedinashorttime.

E．Noddingyourheadcanbeanencouragementtotheinterviewee.

F．Inordertogettheinformationyouneed,youshouldguidetheinterview.

G．Youcantrytoaskquestionsbasedonwhattheyhavesaidtoyouinpreviousresponses.

三、完形填空

Ouroldestdaughter,Christy,toldusshewasrunningaway.Indisbelief,mywife,Cathy,andIstaredateachother,atalossforwords.Whenshestarted____21____hersuitcase,weknewshewasserious.Heractionleftus____22____—afterall,Christywasonlysix.Wedidn’tknowwhethertolaughorcry.

Ourdaughter____23____shewasmovingtoJulia’shouseacrossthestreet.MywifegaveJulia’smothera____24____,tellingherwhatwashappening.Then,withmixedfeelings,wewatchedChristycrossthestreet.Julia’smotherwaitedoutsidethedoorto____25____her.Afewhourslater,Julia’smom____26____ChristyitwasMondaynightandthatourfamilyalwaysdrovetotheGoldenSpoonforfrozenyogurt.Itwasatradition____27____bymythreesgirls—includingourlittleChristy.Toour____28____,shecalledandaskedifshecouldgo.Ajoyous____29____.

Theyogurtrunwaspartofourfamilyidentity.Eventheneighboursknewour_____30_____visittotheGoldenSpoon.Ourthreedaughtersarenowgrown-up,butwe_____31_____visittheGoldenSpoonasalways.Itsyogurtisstilldelicious.Ourfamily_____32_____arekeptstrongbyoneofthosesimpleactivities.

Atsomepoint,_____33_____willcometoeveryfamily.Butwhenyoubuildastrongfamilyidentity_____34_____,therewillbenodoubtthatyourfamilycan_____35_____whateverwindsandrainscomingyourway.Notsurprisingly,astrongfamilyidentitywillgiveyourkidssolidfoundationstocountonduringthosedifficulttimes.

21．A．carryingB．removingC．packingD．employing

22．A．carelessB．restlessC．speechlessD．hopeless

23．A．declaredB．a(chǎn)cknowledgedC．whisperedD．requested

24．A．bowB．responseC．tipD．bell

25．A．hugB．treatC．a(chǎn)ssistD．greet

26．A．persuadedB．remindedC．a(chǎn)nsweredD．promised

27．A．expectedB．a(chǎn)pprovedC．promotedD．shared

28．A．a(chǎn)dmirationB．regretC．satisfactionD．relief

29．A．recoveryB．successC．reunionD．communication

30．A．dailyB．monthlyC．weeklyD．yearly

31．A．occasionallyB．a(chǎn)utomaticallyC．rarelyD．regularly

32．A．originsB．traditionsC．bondsD．honors

33．A．sufferingsB．stormsC．failuresD．barriers

34．A．inreturnB．inparticularC．inrealityD．inadvance

35．A．surviveB．ignoreC．a(chǎn)voidD．predict

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

語(yǔ)法填空

Exerciseisoneofthemostimportant___36___(part)ofkeepingyourbodyatahealthyweight.Wealsoknowthatstayingfitandhealthyisveryvital.Exercisecanhelppreventweightgain.Ifyoucan’taffordtopaythegym___37___visiteveryday,don’tworry—justbecomeactivethroughouttheday.

Whenyouexercise___38___(regular),youareinbetterchancesof___39___(improve)yourmood(心情).Itcanalsoincreaseyourconfidence.Besides,itwillbetteryourappearance,___40___meansyourbodywillbeingoodshape.Regularexerciseisalsogood___41___physicalfitnessandgoodhealth.Apartfromweightcontrol,exercisecanalsodelayyouragingprocess.

___42___youdon’texercise,yourmuscleswillbecomeveryweak.Also,yourheartandlungsmightnot___43___(function)aswellandyouaremorelikelytogetinjured.Inactivityisasmuchofahealthriskassmoking.

Makesurethatanexerciseplan___44___(make),soyoucanknowwhenandwhatyoushoulddo.However,don’tover-exerciseyourselfbecausedoingtoomuchexerciseonadailybasiswillhave____45____(harm)results.

五、寫作

46．最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，大多數(shù)中學(xué)生在家不做家務(wù)。請(qǐng)你就此話題寫一篇短文，表達(dá)你的想法，內(nèi)容包括：

1.導(dǎo)致該現(xiàn)象的原因；

2.發(fā)表你的看法。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Arecentsurveyshowsthat

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六、讀后續(xù)寫

47．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。

Losingaparentisoneofthemostpainfulpartsoflife.Nomatterhowoldwearewhentheyleaveus,itcanbeaheartbrokenexperience.Ourmemoriesareallthatisleftofthemandhappyremindersoftheirloveturnintoourmostvaluabletreasures.That’showMaraSorianefeelsabouttheteddybearthatshetragicallylostinherrecentmovetoanewapartment.

Diagnosedwithcancer,MaraSoriano’smotherMarilyn,gaveherdaughterthebearasagiftin2023.Afterhermother’sdeathlastJune,thegiftbecameevenmorespecial.“Thatbearwasbasicallythelastreminderofmymom.Itwashervoicethataccompaniedme,”shesaidinaninterview.

Thefluffytoydidn’tcostalot,butitcontainedarecordingofhermother’svoicetellingherthatshelovedherandwasproudofher.Thebear,calledMamaBear,wasinthebackpackthatcontainedelectronicslikeaniPadandaNintendoSwitch.Whenthebagwasstolenlastweekduringthemove,the28-year-oldwasheartbroken,notforthegadgets,butforMamaBear.

MarapostedaphotoofherandherMamaBearonInstagram,explainingtheimportanceofthebear.Millionsofusersweretouchedbythestory.Moreandmorepeopleweretalkingaboutthebear,buttherewasnogoodnewsforMara.Soagainandagainshepostedonlineabouttheitemandthestorybehindit,hopingitcouldcatchmoveviewer’sattentioninabigway.

ActorRyanReynoldswasmovedbyMara’sstoryandthenpostedaplea(請(qǐng)求)forMamaBear’ssafereturn.“Ithinkweallneedthisbeartocomehome,”hewrote.Alongwiththemessage,healsooffereda$5,000rewardforthepeoplewhofoundthebear.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Luckily,theInternetdiditsthing.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Theemailwasfromthewomenwhosentthebearback.

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高二英語(yǔ)參考答案

1．A2．B3．D

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上四座著名博物館的情況。

1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisbuildingfirstservedasacastilebeforebecomingaroyal(皇家的)residence.(這座建筑最初用作城堡，后來(lái)成為皇家住所)”可知，皇室成員曾經(jīng)住在盧浮宮。故選A。

2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Today,itishometoaround38,0000pieces.(如今，它是約38萬(wàn)件藝術(shù)品的家園)”；第三段中“Thismuseum,oneoftheoldestintheworld,ishometoacollectionofover3millionpieces.(這座博物館是世界上最古老的博物館之一，收藏了300多萬(wàn)件藏品)”；第四段中“TheNationalMuseumofChinahouseabout1.05millionpiecesinitscollection.(中國(guó)國(guó)家博物館收藏了約105萬(wàn)件藏品)”以及最后一段中“Itishometomorethan2millionpieces.(它是200多萬(wàn)件藝術(shù)品的家園)”可知，StateHermitageMuseum擁有最多的藝術(shù)品收藏。故選B。

3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Additionally,itisknownforitslargecollectionofmusicalinstruments.(此外，它還以其大量的樂(lè)器收藏而聞名)”可知，大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館以有大量的樂(lè)器收藏聞名。故選D。

4．C5．A6．D7．B

這是一篇記敘文。講述了因把一位盲人女士的求助誤認(rèn)為是乞討行為，從而反思自己不應(yīng)該帶著偏見(jiàn)看人的故事。

4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WhenIturnedaround,Isawanelderlyblindwomanwithherhandextendedout.Naturally,Ireachedintomypocketforsomechangeimmediatelyandplaceditinherhandwithoutevenlookingather.”（我轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身，看見(jiàn)一位年老的盲人伸出手來(lái)。很自然地，我立即把手伸進(jìn)口袋找了些零錢，放在她手里，連看都沒(méi)看她一眼。）可知，剛開(kāi)始，把盲人女士的求助誤認(rèn)為是乞討要錢。故選C項(xiàng)。

5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ihadactedwithprejudice—I’djudgedanotherpersonsimplyforwhatIassumedshehadtobe.”（我的行為帶有偏見(jiàn)——我判斷另一個(gè)人只是因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為她應(yīng)該是什么樣的人。）可知，在得知盲人女士的真實(shí)需要后，羞愧于自己剛才不應(yīng)帶著偏見(jiàn)看人。故選A項(xiàng)。

6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Throughtheyears,Ihaveexperiencedmanyactsofprejudice.”（這些年來(lái)，我經(jīng)歷了許多的偏見(jiàn)行為。）可知，這些年也被別人帶著偏見(jiàn)對(duì)待過(guò)，其中一個(gè)事例就是自己在做勤雜工時(shí)的經(jīng)歷。故選D項(xiàng)。

7．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了因把一位盲人女士的求助誤認(rèn)為是乞討行為，從而反思自己不應(yīng)該帶著偏見(jiàn)看人的故事，想通過(guò)這個(gè)故事告訴大家，要時(shí)刻保持謙遜之心，不要帶著偏見(jiàn)對(duì)待他人，最后一段中的“beinghumble”是關(guān)鍵詞，故選B項(xiàng)。

8．A9．A10．C11．C

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了，極端天氣和與此相關(guān)的災(zāi)難會(huì)越來(lái)越多，但是人類可以通過(guò)早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)拯救更多的生命。

8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.(世界氣象組織（WMO）9月發(fā)布的最新報(bào)告稱，過(guò)去50年中，與天氣相關(guān)的災(zāi)害數(shù)量增加了五倍)”可知，與天氣有關(guān)的災(zāi)害不斷增加。故選A項(xiàng)。

9．推理判斷題。由第三段PetteriTaalas的話“Weather,climateandwaterextremesareincreasingandwillbecomemorefrequentandsevereinmanypartsoftheworldasaresultofclimatechange(由于氣候變化，極端天氣、氣候和水資源稀缺正在增加，并將在世界許多地區(qū)變得更加頻繁和嚴(yán)重)”可知，PetteriTaalas認(rèn)為未來(lái)世界許多地區(qū)將會(huì)有更多的極端天氣。故選A項(xiàng)。

10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“Economiclossesareincreasingasexposureincreases.Butbehindthestatisticsliesamessageofhope.Improvedmulti-hazardearlywarningsystemshaveledtoasignificantreductionindeaths.(經(jīng)濟(jì)損失隨著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)敞口的增加而增加。但在統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)背后隱藏著一個(gè)希望的信息。改進(jìn)的多災(zāi)害預(yù)警系統(tǒng)已導(dǎo)致死亡人數(shù)顯著減少)”可知，壞消息背后的希望是：早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)將挽救更多的生命。故選C項(xiàng)。

11．詞句猜測(cè)題。由第一段“Thenumberofweather-relateddisastershasincreasedbyfivetimesoverthepast50years,thelatestreportbytheWorldMeteorological(氣象)Organization(WMO)saidonSeptember.However,thankstoimprovedearlywarningsystemsanddisastermanagement,thenumberofdeathfromthesehazardshasbeenalmostthreetimesless.(世界氣象組織（WMO）9月發(fā)布的最新報(bào)告稱，過(guò)去50年中，與天氣相關(guān)的災(zāi)害數(shù)量增加了五倍。然而，由于改進(jìn)了預(yù)警系統(tǒng)和災(zāi)害管理，死于這些hazards的人數(shù)幾乎減少了三倍)”可知，此處指死于自然災(zāi)害的人的數(shù)量，hazards在此處意為“Somethingdangerous(危險(xiǎn)的東西)”。故選C項(xiàng)。

12．C13．B14．C15．A

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了商用機(jī)器人Spot的使用優(yōu)勢(shì)與弊端。

12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butpeopleconcernedaboutprivacy（隱私）warnthatthepolicearequicklybuyingtherobotswithoutsafeguardsagainstmisuseandthatitmaybecomeadangertopeople'sprivacy”（但關(guān)注隱私的人警告說(shuō)，警方正在迅速購(gòu)買機(jī)器人，但沒(méi)有防止濫用的保護(hù)措施，這可能會(huì)對(duì)人們的隱私造成威脅）可知，公眾認(rèn)為這只機(jī)器警犬是個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的機(jī)器。故選C。

13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ItwasboughtfromBostonDynamicsforuseatagovernmenthomelessshelterneartheairporttolookforhighbodytemperaturesbetweenmealtimes.”（它是從波士頓動(dòng)力公司(BostonDynamics)買來(lái)的，用于機(jī)場(chǎng)附近的一個(gè)政府無(wú)家可歸者收容所，在用餐時(shí)間之間尋找高溫。）可知，警察買它的目的就是找出異常的體溫。故選B。

14．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Itisalsonotsupposedtobeusedforanythingthatwouldgoagainstprivacyorcivilrightslaws.”（它也不應(yīng)該被用于任何違反隱私或公民權(quán)利法的事情。）可知，這個(gè)機(jī)器人是被阻止當(dāng)作武器來(lái)使用的，“impede”阻止，故選C。

15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itcanalsooperateonitsown,butonlyfithasmemorizedapath”（它也可以自己操作，但只有在它記住了路徑的情況下）可知，他們可以走下臺(tái)階。故選A。

16．B17．C18．G19．E20．F

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。如果你需要為一篇文章采訪一個(gè)你從未采訪過(guò)的人，這可能是可怕的。文章介紹了一些準(zhǔn)備和成功面試的小貼士。

16．此空位于段落首句，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文提示“如果這個(gè)人是知名作家或演說(shuō)家，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間閱讀或聆聽(tīng)他/她的作品，或至少熟悉他/她最近或最重要的作品。”由此推知，B項(xiàng)Doyourhomeworkbeforeyoupickupthephone.（拿起電話之前先做好功課。）切題。也就是說(shuō)先對(duì)這個(gè)人做好充分的了解。故選B。

17．上文提示“你可以用你的電話或錄音機(jī)。這樣你就不必費(fèi)力地寫東西了。”承接上文，C項(xiàng)Thenyoucanfocusallyourattentionontheinterview.（然后你可以把所有的注意力集中在面試上。）切題。故選C。

18．下文提示“你也可以試著問(wèn)問(wèn)你的面試者他/她的個(gè)人想法和對(duì)事件和他們打交道的人的反應(yīng)。”承接下文，G項(xiàng)Youcantrytoaskquestionsbasedonwhattheyhavesaidtoyouinpreviousresponses.（你可以試著根據(jù)他們之前的回答來(lái)提問(wèn)。）切題。故選G。

19．下文提示“你也可以給予更多的面部反饋，比如微笑。”承接下文，E項(xiàng)Noddingyourheadcanbeanencouragementtotheinterviewee.（點(diǎn)頭對(duì)面試者來(lái)說(shuō)是一種鼓勵(lì)。）切題。該項(xiàng)中的Nodding與下文的morefacialfeedbacklikesmiling相吻合。故選E。

20．下文提示“如果面試者突然從一個(gè)思路轉(zhuǎn)變到另一個(gè)思路，會(huì)把他們帶回到你所關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域。”承接上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Inordertogettheinformationyouneed,youshouldguidetheinterview.（為了得到你需要的信息，你應(yīng)該指導(dǎo)面試。）切題。故選F。

21．C22．C23．A24．D25．D26．B27．A28．D29．C30．C31．D32．C33．B34．D35．A

本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。通過(guò)講述六歲的女兒“離家出走”的故事，引出對(duì)家庭認(rèn)同的思考。

21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她開(kāi)始收拾行李箱時(shí)，我們知道她是認(rèn)真的。A.carrying攜帶；B.removing消除；C.packing打包；D.employing雇傭。根據(jù)“Ourdaughter____3____shewasmovingtoJulia’shouseacrossthestreet.”可知，女兒要搬到街對(duì)面的朱莉婭家去，所以打包行李。故選C。

22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的行為讓我們啞口無(wú)言——畢竟，克里斯蒂只有六歲。A.careless粗心的；B.restless不安寧的；C.speechless說(shuō)不出話的；D.hopeless絕望的。根據(jù)“afterall,Christywasonlysix.Wedidn’tknowwhethertolaughorcry.”可知，女兒要離家出走的行為讓啞口無(wú)言。故選C。

23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的女兒宣布她要搬到街對(duì)面的朱莉婭家去。A.declared宣告；B.acknowledged承認(rèn)；C.whispered低語(yǔ)；D.requested要求。根據(jù)“shewasmovingtoJulia’shouseacrossthestreet.”可知，女兒宣布她要搬到街對(duì)面的朱莉婭家去。故選A。

24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我妻子給茱莉亞的母親打了個(gè)電話，告訴她發(fā)生了什么事。A.bow鞠躬；B.response回復(fù)；C.tip建議；D.bell鈴。根據(jù)“tellingherwhatwashappening.”可知，妻子給茱莉亞的母親打電話，告訴女兒的事情。故選D。

25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：茱莉亞的母親等在門外迎接她。A.hug擁抱；B.treat款待；C.assist幫助；D.greet迎接。根據(jù)“MywifegaveJulia’smothera____4____,tellingherwhatwashappening.Then,withmixedfeelings,wewatchedChristycrossthestreet.”可知，茱莉亞的母親等在門外迎接的女兒。故選D。

26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)小時(shí)后，茱莉亞的媽媽提醒克里斯蒂今天是周一晚上，我們?nèi)铱偸情_(kāi)車去金湯匙餐廳吃凍酸奶。A.persuaded勸服；B.reminded提醒；C.answered回答；D.promised答應(yīng)。根據(jù)“itwasMondaynightandthatourfamilyalwaysdrovetotheGoldenSpoonforfrozenyogurt.”可知，茱莉亞的媽媽提醒克里斯蒂。故選B。

27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我的三個(gè)女兒所期待的傳統(tǒng)，包括我們的小克里斯蒂。A.expected期望；B.approved證明；C.promoted提升；D.shared分享。根據(jù)“Toour____8____,shecalledandaskedifshecouldgo.”可知，周一晚上去金湯匙餐廳吃凍酸奶是三個(gè)女兒所期待的傳統(tǒng)。故選A。

28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我們松了一口氣的是，她打電話問(wèn)她是否可以去。A.admiration羨慕；B.regret遺憾；C.satisfaction滿意；D.relief欣慰。根據(jù)“shecalledandaskedifshecouldgo.”可知，女兒也想去金湯匙餐廳吃凍酸奶，讓一家感到欣慰。故選D。

29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：快樂(lè)的團(tuán)聚。A.recovery恢復(fù)；B.success成功；C.reunion團(tuán)聚；D.communication交流。根據(jù)“Toour____8____,shecalledandaskedifshecouldgo.”可知，離家出走的女兒也想去金湯匙餐廳吃凍酸奶，所以一家人又能快樂(lè)的團(tuán)聚。故選C。

30．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：連鄰居都知道我們每周去金湯匙餐廳。A.daily日常的；B.monthly每月的；C.weekly每周的；D.yearly每年的。根據(jù)“Afewhourslater,Julia’smom____6____ChristyitwasMondaynightandthatourfamilyalwaysdrovetotheGoldenSpoonforfrozenyogurt.”可知，一家每周去金湯匙餐廳吃凍酸奶。故選C。

31．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的三個(gè)女兒現(xiàn)在都長(zhǎng)大了，但我們還是一如既往地經(jīng)常去金湯匙餐廳。A.occasionally偶爾地；B.automatically自動(dòng)地；C.rarely很少；D.regularly定期地。根據(jù)“Theyogurtrunwaspartofourfamilyidentity.Eventheneighboursknewour____10____visittotheGoldenSpoon.”可知，一家每周一定期去金湯匙餐廳吃凍酸奶。故選D。

32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的家庭紐帶通過(guò)其中一項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的活動(dòng)得以維系。A.origins起源；B.traditions傳統(tǒng)；C.bonds紐帶；D.honors榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)“Ourthreedaughtersarenowgrown-up,butwe____11____visittheGoldenSpoonasalways.Itsyogurtisstilldelicious.”可知，一家每周一定期去金湯匙餐廳吃凍酸奶，使得家庭紐帶得以維系。故選C。

33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：總有一天，風(fēng)暴會(huì)降臨到每個(gè)家庭。A.sufferings痛苦；B.storms暴風(fēng)雨；C.failures失敗；D.barriers障礙物。根據(jù)“Butwhenyoubuildastrongfamilyidentity____14____,therewillbenodoubtthatyourfamilycan____15____whateverwindsandrainscomingyourway.”可知，風(fēng)暴總有一天會(huì)降臨到每個(gè)家庭。故選B。

34．考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)你事先建立起強(qiáng)大的家庭認(rèn)同時(shí)，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，無(wú)論遇到什么風(fēng)雨，你的家庭都能挺過(guò)去。A.inreturn作為回報(bào)；B.inparticular尤其；C.inreality事實(shí)上；D.inadvance預(yù)先。根據(jù)“therewillbenodoubtthatyourfamilycan____15____whateverwindsandrainscomingyourway.”可知，我們要預(yù)先建立起強(qiáng)大的家庭。故選D。

35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)你事先建立起強(qiáng)大的家庭認(rèn)同時(shí)，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，無(wú)論遇到什么風(fēng)雨，你的家庭都能挺過(guò)去。A.survive幸存；B.ignore忽略；C.avoid避免；D.predict預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)“whateverwindsandrainscomingyourway.”可知，我們要預(yù)先建立起強(qiáng)大的家庭，只有這樣，無(wú)論遇到什么風(fēng)雨，家庭才能挺過(guò)去。故選A。

36．parts37．a(chǎn)38．regularly39．improving40．which41．for42．If43．function44．ismade45．harmful

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了運(yùn)動(dòng)的積極作用以及重要性。

36．考查固定用法。句意：運(yùn)動(dòng)是保持你身體在健康體重的最重要的部分之一。分析句子可知，oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“最之一”，該用法為固定用法。故填parts。

37．考查冠詞。句意：如果你負(fù)擔(dān)不起每天去健身房的費(fèi)用，也不要擔(dān)心——每天都要活躍起來(lái)。payavisit拜訪，該短語(yǔ)是固定短語(yǔ)。故填a。

38．考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)你有規(guī)律地鍛煉時(shí)，你就有更好的機(jī)會(huì)改善你的心情。修飾動(dòng)詞exercise，用副詞。故填regularly。

39．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)你有規(guī)律地鍛煉時(shí)，你就有更好的機(jī)會(huì)改善你的心情。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)為動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。故填improving。

40．考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：此外，它會(huì)使你的外表更好，這意味著你的身體將處于良好的狀態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用which引導(dǎo)該從句。故填which。

41．考查短語(yǔ)。句意：經(jīng)常鍛煉對(duì)身體健康也有好處。分析句