第第頁人教版（2023）選擇性必修第三冊Unit2HealthyLifestyleReadingandThinking課件（34張）(共34張PPT)

人教版（2023）選擇性必修三

Unit2HealthyLifestyle

ReadingandThinking

Learntodevelopgoodhealthhabits

Learningobjectives

Bytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:

1.learnaboutthehabitcycleanditsthreestages;

2.practicereadingatexttofindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph;

3.practicereadingatextfordetailedinformation;

4.learnaboutthestructureofanexposition;

5.mastersomeimportantwordsandphrases;

6.useknowledgefromthetexttobreakbadhabits.

本單元的引言出自古羅馬詩人維吉爾。他認為，身體的健康和心靈的安樂對人類的福祉至關重要。財富不僅僅指物質上的富足，還包括一切有價值的東西。失去了健康，再多的物質財富也無法彌補。所以，健康是一個人最重要的財富。

Thegreatestwealthishealth.

——Virgil

健康是最重要的財富。

——維吉爾

Lead-in

Lookanddiscuss:

1.Howdoyouthinkthepeoplefeelinthephotos

2.DoyouthinktheyareallleadingahealthylifestyleWhyorwhynot

Ithinktheyareleadingahealthylifestylebecausetheyarenotbythemselvesandareoutsideanddoingexerciseaswellascreativeactivities.

Ithinkthesepeoplefeelhappyandhealthy,astheylookactiveandcheerful.

1.ArebadhabitseasytochangeWhyorwhynot

2.Whathabitsdoyouthinkareunhealthy

3.Whatcanyoudotocorrectthesebadhabits

Unhealthyhabitsincludesmoking,eatingtoomuch,playingtoomuchonyourcomputerorphone,andnotdoingenoughexercise.

Badhabitsarehardtochangebecauseweareusuallydoingsomethingwereallylike,butwearedoingittoomuch.

Ithinkpeoplecancorrectthesebadhabitsbythinkingaboutthemmoreanddecidingtheywillfeelbetterandhappieriftheystopthem.

Pre-reading

Beforeyouread,discussthesequestionsingroups.

While-reading

Readthetitleandskimthetext.Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.Whatisthetexttype

3.Who’stheintendedreader

2.Whydidthewriterwritethistext

A.NarrationB.ExpositionC.Argumentation

Toexplainateenageproblemandsuggestpossiblesolutions.Ortobeexact,tointroducehowhabitsareformedandhowtochangebadhabitsandcreatenewones.

Theintendedreadersareyoungpeople,especiallyteenagers.

Readthetextquickly.Figureoutthetopicsentenceandmainideaofeachparagraph.

Para.1:Asteenagersgrowup,theybecomemoreindependentandstartmakingtheirowndecisions.However,duringthisperiod,itcanbeeasyforsomeofthemtoformbadhabits.Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.Forexample,someofthemmaybecomeinvolvedintobaccooralcoholabuse,whichcanleadtophysicalandmentalhealthproblems.Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager’slifeisessential.Theymustlearntorecognisebadhabitsearlyandmakeappropriatechanges.

Mainidea:

Whybadteenagehabitsshouldbechanged.

Findthemainideaofaparagraph

Themainideaissometimesstatedineithertheopeningorclosingsentence.Ifnot,lookforanother“standout”sentence,orsummarisetheparagraphinyourmindbyaskingyourself,“Whatisitmainlyabout”

Para.2:Tochangebadhabitsisnevereasy,evenwithmanyattempts.ThereisafamoussayingbasedonthephilosophyofAristotle:“Wearewhatwerepeatedlydo.”Inmanyways,ourlifestyleisthesumofchoiceswehavemade.Wemakeachoicetodosomething,andthenwerepeatitoverandoveragain.Soonthatchoicebecomesautomaticandformsahabitthatismuchhardertochange.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanchange,ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.

Mainidea:

Whatahabitis.

Para.3:Accordingtomodernpsychology,wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”,whichworkslikethis:

Firstly,thereisa“cue”,anaction,event,orsituationthatactsasasignaltodosomething.

Secondly,thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.

Thirdly,thereisthe“reward”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.

Forexample,whenwefeelunhappy(cue),weeatlotsofunhealthysnacks(routine),whichmakesusfeelhappy(reward).Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitofrelyingonunhealthysnacksisformed.

Mainidea:

Thecycleofhowhabitsareformed.

Para.4:Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.Wecandothisbycombiningtheinformationfromourhabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.So,whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue),ratherthaneatsnacks,wecouldlistentosomeofourfavouritemusicinstead(routine),whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward).Asidefromchangingbadhabits,wecanalsousethehabitcycletocreategoodhabits.Forexample,whenwecometoanescalator(cue),ournormalroutineistorideit,butwecouldchangethisroutineintosomethingmorepositivebytakingthestairsinstead.

Mainidea:

Howtochangeabadhabitandcreategoodones.

Para.5:Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly,andifwearenotsuccessfulstraightaway,weoftenbecomepessimisticandgiveup.Infact,themostsuccessfulwaytochangeisnotsuddenly,butoveraperiodoftime.AstheChinesephilosopherLaoziwrote,“Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.”Onestepseemssmall,butitisessential.Toreachthegoalofchange,apersonmustshowsomedisciplineandrepeatedlytakemanysmallsteps.Afterall,itisnoteasytobreakbadhabits.

Mainidea:

Changehabitsgradually.

Para.6:Foryoungpeople,thereisplentyoftimetochangebadhabits.However,thereisno“magicpill”ordeletebuttonthatwillhelpyou;youhavetothinkaboutyourbadhabitsanddecideonsomechanges.Youhavethepowertobuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits!

Mainidea:

Noeasywaytochangebadhabits.

A.Howtochangeabadhabitandcreategoodones

B.Thecycleofhowhabitsareformed

C.Habitsthatcanhelpusstudybetter

D.Changinghabitsgradually

E.Noeasywaytochangebadhabits

F.Whatahabitis

G.Whybadteenagehabitsshouldbechanged

Readthetextandfindoutwhatmainideasareincludedinit.Tickthecorrectones.

Para.1:Whybadteenagehabitsshouldbechanged.

Para.2:Whatahabitis.

Para.3:Thecycleofhowhabitsareformed.

Para.4:Howtochangeabadhabitandcreategoodones.

Para.5:Changehabitsgradually.

Para.6:Noeasywaytochangebadhabits.

Readtounderstandthestructureofthetext.

Findouttheproblem

Analyzetheproblem

Solvetheproblem

Conclusion

Part1(Para.1)

Part2(Paras.2-5)

Part3(Para.6)

Whybadteenagehabitsshouldbechanged

Whatahabitisand

howtochangebadhabits

Noeasywaytochangebadhabits

Readthetextagainandanswerthequestions.

Post-reading

1.Howcanachoiceleadtoahabit

3.Whatshouldwedotochangeabadhabit

2.Whatarethethreestagesofthehabitcycle

Achoicecanleadtoahabitifwemakethesamechoiceoverandoveragain.

Thethreestagesofthehabitcycleare

thecue,routine,andreward.

Tochangeabadhabit,weshouldexamineourhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.

THEHABIT

CYCLE

CUE

REWARD

ROUTINE

4.Howcanapersonusedisciplinetohelpchangeabadhabit

5.Willyouusethehabitcycletobreakyourbadhabits

Whyorwhynot

Apersoncanusedisciplinetochangeabadhabitbytakingmanysmallstepstoreachthegoalofchange.

IwillusethehabitcycletobreakabadhabitofusingmyphonetoomuchbecauseIwanttospendmoretimereadingbooksandplayingsports.

Workinpletethetasks.

1.Thinkofonebadhabitandwritedownthecue,routine,andreward.Thencomeupwithanidea

ofhowtobreakthebadhabit.

2.DoyouknowanyalternativewaystobetterhabitsDiscusswithyourpartnerwhichwayyou

thinkismosteffective.

Cue:Boredom/Waiting/Beinganxious

Routine:Bitingnails

Reward:Stressrelief/Distraction

Breakthehabit:Chewgum,getastressballorfidgetspinnertohold,wearglovesorstickersonyournails

Alternativewaystobetterhabits:

·Tellsomeoneelsewhatyouwanttochange.Peerpressurefromsomeoneelsewillhelp.

·Fineyourself.Everytimeyoudothebadhabit,putasmallamountofmoneyinabox.

·Makeithardertodothehabit.Forexample,hideyourfavouriteappsonyourphonesoitismore

ofahassletogettothem.

·Changeyourenvironment.Ifthehabithappensincertainplacesorwithcertainpeople,avoidthem!

WordsandExpressions

Forexample,someofthemmaybecomeinvolvedintobaccooralcoholabuse,which

canleadtophysicalandmentalhealthproblems.(P14)

例如，一些青少年可能吸煙成癮或酗酒，造成身心健康問題。

abuse/bjus/n.濫用；虐待；辱罵/bjuz/vt.濫用；虐待；辱罵

搭配

alcohol/drugabuse酗酒；嗜毒

childabuse虐待兒童

例句

Abusecanleadtobothpsychologicalandemotionalproblems.

虐待可造成心理和情緒上的問題。

Sheabusedherpositionasprincipalbygivingjobstoherfriends.

她濫用自己作為校長的職權，把工作安排給朋友們。

1

Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager’slifeisessential.

(P14)

防止此類有害習慣主宰青少年的生活是至關重要的。

dominate/dmnet/vt.&vi.支配；控制；占有優勢

拓展

dominantadj.強大的，有優勢的，突出的

dominationn.統治；控制

例句

Thebookisexpectedtodominatethebest-sellerlists.

這本書預計會占據暢銷書排行榜的榜首。

Hetendedtodominatetheconversation.

他往往左右著交談的內容。

2

Accordingtomodernpsychology,wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”,which

workslikethis:...(P14)

根據現代心理學，我們必須首先了解“習慣循環”，其工作原理如下：……

psychology/sakldi/n.心理學；心理；心理影響

搭配

educational/socialpsychology教育心理學/社會心理學

拓展

psychologicaladj.心理的，精神的

psychologistn.心理學家

例句

Psychologyisbydefinitionthescientificstudyofthemind.

心理學，顧名思義，是研究人們心理的科學。

3

Secondly,thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.(P14)

第二是“慣常行為”，即你響應觸發因素而采取的常規行動。

inresponseto回答；答復

（其中to為介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或v-ing形式作賓語）

例句

Sheopenedthedoorinresponsetotheknockatthedoor.

她聽到敲門聲，打開了門。

Theproductwasdevelopedinresponsetocustomerdemand.

這種產品是為了滿足顧客的需要而開發的。

4

Thirdly,thereisthe“reward”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.(P14)

第三是“回報”，即我們從慣常行為中獲得的美好事物或感受。

reward/rwd/n.回報；獎勵；報酬vt.獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬

搭配

rewardsbwithsth用某物獎勵某人

rewardsbfor(doing)sth因（做）某事而獎賞/酬謝某人

拓展

rewardingadj.值得做的，有益的，有意義的

例句

Youdeservearewardforbeingsohelpful.你幫了這么大的忙，理應受到獎勵。

Shewasrewardedforhereffortswithacashbonus.

她因自己所做的努力而得到了一筆獎金。

5

Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitof

relyingonunhealthysnacksisformed.(P15)

這一回報使我們更有可能繼續這一循環，從而形成了依賴不健康零食這一不良

習慣。

rely/rla/vi.依賴；依靠；信賴

relyon依賴；依靠；信賴

搭配

relyonsb/sthtodosth指望某人/某物做某事

例句

ManystudentsnowrelyontheInternetforinformation.

很多學生現在靠因特網獲取信息。

Itwouldbebettertorelyonourselvesthanonothers.與其求人，不如求己。

6

Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamineourbadhabit

cyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.(P15)

為了促進我們不良習慣的積極改變，我們必須首先審視我們的不良習慣循環，

然后嘗試去改變它們。

facilitate/fsltet/vt.促進；促使；使便利

拓展

facilitationn.促進；便利

例句

Thenewairportwillfacilitatethedevelopmentoftourism.

新機場將促進旅游業的發展。

Moderninventionsfacilitatehousework.

許多現代發明使家務勞動變得便利了。

7

Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamineourbadhabit

cyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.(P15)

為了促進我們不良習慣的積極改變，我們必須首先審視我們的不良習慣循環，

然后嘗試去改變它們。

examine/ɡzmn/vt.（仔細）檢查；審查；測驗

搭配

examinesthforsth檢查某物以尋找（毛病、錯誤等）

examinesbin/onsth在某方面對某人進行測試

拓展examinationn.考試（=exam）；審查，檢查

例句

Weexaminethewordingindetailbeforedecidingonthefinaltext.

我們徹底仔細地檢查了措辭后才最終定稿。

8

Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.

(P15)

例如，我們可以試著將一個消極的慣常行為替換為一個更積極的東西。

negative/neɡtv/adj.消極的；有害的；否定的

搭配

negativeanswer/reply/response消極的回答/回應

例句

Thecrisishadanegativeeffectontrade.

這次危機對貿易產生了很壞的影響。

Scientistshaveafairlynegativeattitudetothetheory.

科學家對這個理論的態度是相當消極的。

9

Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly,andifwearenotsuccessfulstraight

away,weoftenbecomepessimisticandgiveup.(P15)

我們中很多人試圖迅速改變不良習慣，一旦沒有立刻成功，我們往往變得悲觀，

繼而放棄。

straightaway立即；馬上

拓展

straightoff立即；馬上

例句

Healwaystacklesproblemsstraightaway.He’snotthekindofpersontoletthegrassgrowunderhisfeet.

他不是那種懶散的人，總是一有問題就馬上處理。

10

Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly,andifwearenotsuccessfulstraight

away,weoftenbecomepessimisticandgiveup.(P15)

我們中很多人試圖迅速改變不良習慣，一旦沒有立刻成功，我們往往變得悲觀，

繼而放棄。

pessimistic/pesmstk/adj.悲觀的；悲觀主義的

搭配

bepessimisticabout...對……悲觀

拓展

pessimismn.悲觀；悲觀主義pessimistn.悲觀主義者

例句

Peopletendtobecomepessimisticandloseconfidenceinadversecircumstances.

在逆境之中，人容易變得悲觀，失去信心。

11

Toreachthegoalofchange,apersonmustshowsomedisciplineandrepeatedlytake

manysmallsteps.(P15)

為了實現改變這一目標，一個人必須展示出一定程度的自制力，不斷地邁出許

多小步。

discipline/dspln/n.自制力；紀律；學科vt.自我控制；管教；處