人教版丨八年級下冊第4單元單詞及重點歸納unit4（單詞）allow[??la?]v.允許，準許wrong[r??]adj.錯誤的What'swrong?哪兒不舒服?midnight['m?dna?t]n.午夜，子夜lookthrough瀏覽，快速查看guess[ɡes]v.猜測，估計deal[di:l]v.處理，應付bigdeal重要的事workout成功地發展，解決getonwith和睦相處，關系良好relation[r??le??n]n.關系，聯系，交往communicate[k??mju:nikeit]v.溝通,通信,通訊communication[k??mju:n??ke??n]n.交流，溝通argue[?ɑ:ɡju:]v.爭論，爭吵cloud[kla?d]n.云elder['eld?(r)]adj.年級較長的instead[?n?sted]adv.代替whatever[w?t?ev?r]pron.任何,不管什么,無論什么nervous[?n?:v?s]adj.緊張不安的offer['a:f?r]v.提供，自愿給予proper[?pr?p?]adj.合適的，適當的secondly[?sek?ndli]adv.第二，其次explain[?k?sple?n]v.講解，解釋，說明clear[kl??]adj.清晰的，清楚易懂的copy[?k?pi]v.復制return[r?'t?:n]v.回來，返回，歸還anymore['en?m?:]adv.不再，再也不member[?memb?]n.成員，會員pressure['pre??(r)]n.壓力compete[k?m'pi:t]v.比賽，競爭opinion[??p?nj?n]n.意見，想法，看法skill[sk?l]n.技能，技巧typical[?t?p?kl]adj.典型的football[?f?tb?:l]n.足球cutout刪去，刪除quick[kw?k]adj.快的，迅速的continue[k?n?t?nju:]v.繼續，連續compare[k?m'pe?]v.比較compare…with比較，對比crazy[?kre?z?]adj.瘋狂的，狂熱的development[di?vel?pm?nt]n.發育，成長，發展cause[k?:z]n.&v.原因;造成，使發生usual[?ju:?u?l]adj.通常的，平常的inone'sopinion依…看perhaps[p??h?ps]adv.可能，大概，也許【重點短語】1.havefreetime有空閑時間2.allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事3.hangoutwithsb.與某人閑逛4.after-schoolclasses課外活動課5.getintoafightwithsb.與某人吵架/打架6.untilmidnight直到半夜7.talktosb.與某人交談8.toomany太多9.studytoomuch學得過多10.getenoughsleep有足夠的睡眠11.writesb.aletter給某人寫信12.callsb.up打電話給某人13.surprisesb.令某人驚訝14.lookthrough翻看15.beangrywithsb.生某人的氣16.abigdeal重要的事17.workout成功地發展;解決18.getonwith與...相處19.fightalot經常吵架/打架20.hangover籠罩21.refusetodosth.拒絕做某事22.offertodosth.主動提出做某事23.sothat以便24.mindsb.doingsth.介意某人做某事25.allthetime一直26.infuture今后27.makesb.angry使某人生氣28.worryaboutsth.擔心某事29.copyone’shomework抄襲某人的作業30.beoneself做自己31.familymembers32.spendtimealone獨自消磨時光33.givesb.pressure給某人施壓34.haveafightwithsb.與某人吵架35.competewithsb.與某人競爭36.freetimeactivities業余活動37.getbettergrades取得更好的成績38.giveone’sopinion提出某人的觀點39.learnexamskills學習應試技巧40.practicesports體育訓練41.causestress造成壓力42.cutout刪除【重點句型】1.IstudieduntilmidnightlastnightsoIdidn'tgetenoughsleep.我昨晚學習到半夜所以睡眠不足。2.Whydon'tyouforgetaboutit?你為什么不忘掉它呢？3.Althoughshe'swrong,it,snotabigdeal.雖然她錯了,但這并不是什么大事兒。4.Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhe'ssorry.他應該跟朋友談談以便他能說聲對不起。5.Maybeyoucouldgotohishouse.也許你可以去他家。6.IguessIcould,butIdon'twanttosurprisehim.我想我可以，但我不想讓他感到驚訝。1.get(1)買getsth.forsb.=getsb.sth.為某人買某物Canyougetsomefruitformewhenyougoshopping?=Canyougetmesomefruitwhenyougoshopping?(2)得到，到達Wheredidyougetthebook?Whendidyougettheletter?Hegothomelatelastnight.（3）使，讓，get+賓語+賓補使某人/某物怎么樣Pleasegetyoucoatclean.Getyourmouthclosed.getsb.todosth.使某人做某事IgothimtocallJimyesterday.（4）(逐漸)變得…...Theweathergetswarmeranddaysgetlonger.Whydidtheteachergetangry?2.howabout/whatabout后跟名詞/代詞/動詞ing形式。（1）向對方提出建議或請求Howaboutgoingoutforawalk?Howaboutsomethingtoeat?（2）向對方征求意見或看法HowabouttheTVplay?Howaboutbuyingthehousenow?(3)詢問天氣或身體情況HowabouttheweatherinHainanIsland?Howaboutyourparents?Aretheylivingwithyou?(4)談話中承接上下文I’mfortyyearsold.Howaboutyou?I’mfromBeijing.Howaboutyou?3.receive收到Thegirlwashappytoreceivemanygiftsonherbirthday.receivealetterfrom=getaletterfrom=heardfrom收到某人的信IreceivedaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.=IgotaletterfrommyparentslastSunday.=IheardfrommyparentslastSunday.accept接受Hecouldn’tacceptoursuggestionsbutourgifts.Shewasverygladtoreceivetheinvitation.Ireceivedaninvitationtotheparty,butIrefusedtoacceptit.4.a6-year-oldchild一個六歲的孩子6-year-old是由“數詞+名詞+形容詞”構成的復合形容詞，作前置定語，修飾后面的名詞child。“數詞+名詞+形容詞”構成的復合形容詞，中間的名詞要用單數形式：afive-year-oldgirl一個五歲的女孩atwo-meter-longruler一把兩米長的尺子aten-story-highbuilding一棟十層高的樓房atwo-inch-thickdictionary一本兩英寸厚的詞典5.too...to…太……而不能……too后跟形容詞或副詞原形,to后跟動詞原形,構成不定式，句子的主語與動詞不定的主語不一時,可以在動詞不定式前加邏輯主語forsb。Heistooyoungtojointhearmy(軍隊).他年紀太小，不能去參軍。Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.這道數學題對我來說太難了，做不出。too...to…可以與enoughto和so…that…轉換.Sheistooyoungtodothework.=Sheisn’toldenoughtodothework.Tomistootiredtowalkanyfarther.=Tomissotiredthathecan’twalkanyfarther.6.pay,spend,cost,take的區別（1）pay花費(多少錢),主語是人。sb.paysomemoneyforsth.Ipaid5000yuanforthecomputerlastweek.我上個星期花了5000買電腦。（2）spend花費(多少錢或時間)，主語是人。sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.sb.spendsometime(in)doingsth.Ispent5000yuanonthecomputerlastweek.Shespent2hours(in)doingherhomework.她花了2個小時做作業。（3）cost花費(多少錢),主語是物。sth.costsb.somemoney.Thisjacketcosthim200dollars.這件夾克衫花費她200美元。（4）take花費(時間)，主語形式主語為It.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花費某人多少時間做某事Howlongdoesittakesb.todosth?花費某人多少時間做某事?IttookLiuHong2hourstodoherhomework.劉紅花了2個小時做作業。7.sleep,sleeping,sleepy,asleep,fallasleep,beasleep（1）sleep動詞,睡覺,強調動作。Iamverytired.Iwanttosleep.我很累，想睡覺。（2）sleeping,sleep的現在分詞,表示“正在睡覺”。Don’tmakesomuchnoise.Thebabyissleeping.不要這么吵，寶寶在睡覺。（3）sleepy想睡覺的,困倦的。Iamalittlesleepy.I’dliketogotobed.我有點困了，我想去床上睡覺了。（4）asleep睡著了的。TheteacherfoundTomasleepinclassandkepthimbehindafterschool.老師發現湯姆上課睡覺，放學后就把他留了下來。（5）fallasleep強調從沒有睡著到睡著的過程,不能接一段時間。Icouldn’tfallasleepuntilitwasverylatelastnight.我昨天晚上到很晚才睡著。（6）beasleep表示睡著后的狀態,“睡著了”,可以接一段時間。Hewasasleepforthreehours.他睡了3個小時。8.open(1)動詞,打開,開業,開張,展現Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意我把窗戶打開嗎？(2)形容詞,beopen開著的,開放的Onweekendstheswimmingpo