必修第二冊Unit4

Historyandtraditions1.belongvi.屬于;該在(某處)重

點

單

詞單句填空①(2019·浙江)Thestudentsfeelthattheybelong

aparticulargroup.②Wehadtokeeptrackofour

_____(belong),andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.③Thebook

____(belong)toMaryissointerestingthatwealllikeit.tobelongingsbelonging

(1)belongto屬于;是……的成員(2)belongingsn.所有物;財物注意

belong不可用進行時,也不可用被動語態,但常用belongingto作定語。2.surroundvt.包圍;圍繞單句填空①The

____(surround)townshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.②(2020·全國Ⅲ)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

____(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.③Harrytriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimself

___(surround)bythepolicemen.surrounding

surroundingsurrounded

(1)surround...with...用……包圍……besurroundedwith/by被……包圍(3)surroundingsn.環境3.chargevt.&vi.收費;控訴;充電;猛沖;充滿n.費用;主管出下列句子中charge的含義①Peoplechargedwithkillingtheanimalswhichareprotectedbythecountrywillgetpunishment.

②(2019·全國Ⅲ)Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged.

③(2019·全國Ⅲ)It'snotworking—Idon'tthinkthebatteryischarging.

指控

收費充電

(1)chargesbwithsth因某事控告某人chargesb(money)forsth向某人索取……的費用(2)freeofcharge=forfree免費incharge(of)主管;負責;照顧inthechargeof(=inone'scharge)由某人負責;由某人管理takechargeof掌管;負責;看管

注意(1)inchargeof往往以人作主語,指“某人負責/主管某事”;inthechargeof往往以物作主語,指“某物由某人主管”。類似的還有inpossessionof和inthepossessionof,incontrolof和inthecontrolof等。(2)charge和accuse都有“指控;控告”之意,但是charge常與介詞with搭配,而accuse常與介詞of搭配。4.announcevt.宣布;宣告;聲稱(declare)單句填空①Attention,please!Ihaveanannouncement

(make).②Heannounced

herhisintentionofgoing.tomake

to

(1)announcesthtosb向某人宣布某事Itisannouncedthat...宣布……(2)announcementn.宣告;聲明makeanannouncement發布通知;聲明注意

announce后不跟雙賓語,即不能說announcesbsth,但可以說announcesthtosb。類似不接雙賓語的動詞還有explain、say、report、describe、suggest、mention、express等。

5.amountn.數量(quantity);數目;總額(sum/total)單句填空①Consumers'spendingonsports-relateditemsamounted

￡9.75billion.②Ahugeamountofoil

(be)ontheroadyesterday,theeffectsofwhicharenotclear.③ThistypeofTVhasbeensold

largeamounts.

towasin

(1)alarge/smallamountof大/少量的large/smallamountsof大/少量的inlargeamounts大量地(2)amountvi.合計;共計amountto合計;注意

anamountof、amountsof通常修飾不可數名詞,其修飾的名詞作主語時,謂語動詞的數常根據amount的單復數而定。

6.approachvt.&vi.接近;靠近;走近(getnearto);要求n.接近;方法;途徑(method,way)單句填空①

___(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.②Allthe

___(approach)totheairportwereblockedbythepoliceyesterday.Approaching

approaches7.eageradj.熱切的;渴望的(desired)單句填空①EachweekI

(eager)countedmygrowingsavingsincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere.②Iwasn'tabletohidemy

(eager)whenIasked,“Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?”③Someofuswereconfidentandeager

(take)partintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious.

eagerlyeagernesstotake

(1)beeagertodosth渴望/熱心做某事beeagerforsth渴望得到某物beeagerthat...渴望……(2)eagernessn.熱心;渴望(3)eagerlyadv.急切地;渴望地;熱心地注意表示“渴望/盼望做某事”的短語還有beanxioustodosth、bedesperatetodosth、longtodosth、desiretodosth、lookforwardtodoingsth、bekeentodosth、bethirstytodosth等。8.crowdn.人群;一群人;民眾vt.擠滿;使……擁擠單句填空①Thestreetwas

____(crowd)andIcouldn'tgetthrough.②Shetriedtosleep,butthoughts

_______

(crowd)in.

crowdedcrowded

(1)crowdin(想法、問題等)涌上心頭;涌入腦海;擠進becrowdedwith...擠滿了……crowdinto/outof擠進/擠出crowdaround聚集在……的周圍(2)acrowdof一群;一伙;一堆crowdsof成群的……;許多

1.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脫離;背叛;逃脫短

語

句

式breakawayfrom

breaksup

brokeinto

brokeout

breakup打碎;分裂;解體;驅散;分手;結束breakdown出故障;失敗;垮掉;分解;克服breakin破門而入;打斷(談話等)breakinto強行闖入;突然……起來breakout(戰爭、火災等)爆發;發生(無被動語態)breakoff折斷;斷絕2.ifanySowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?如果它們之間有區別的話,那么區別是什么呢?注意

ifany在句中是ifthereisanydifference的省略形式。ifany為省略句式,意為“如果有的話”,if用作連詞。ifso如果這樣的話ifnot如果不這樣的話ifever如果有過/發生過的話ifnecessary如果有必要的話ifpossible如果有可能的話3.aswellas連接兩個并列成分Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像擁有同樣的貨幣和國防一樣,他們也使用同一面國旗,被稱為theUnionJack。單句填空①Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,

_____(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyoftheFlowerExpo.②Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic,aswell

writingstories.wasinvitedas

(1)aswellas用來連接兩個并列成分,強調的重點是前者;notonly...butalso...“不但……而且……”強調后者。(2)當aswellas連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞應同前面的主語保持人稱和數的一致;而notonly...butalso...采用“就近原則”。4.theway后接定語從句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.他們初創了早期的英語,并改變了人們建造房屋的方式。注意句中的theway后接了省略了關系詞that/inwhich的定語從句。(1)theway后面的定語從句,關系詞若在從句中作狀語,相當于“用這種方式/方法(=inthisway)”時,通常不用關系詞,偶爾用that,在較正式的文體里才用inwhich來引導。(2)當theway在定語從句中作方式狀語時,“theway+定語從句”可以用how引導的名詞性從句來代替。That'sthewayhedidit.=That'showhedidit.他就是這樣做的。Thewaythat/whichwasofferedbyhimtodotheexperimentwasdifferentfromthewaythatyoucarrieditout.他提供的做這個實驗的方式與你的方式不同。5.havesthdoneTheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他們在英格蘭各地修建了城堡,并對法律制度進行了修改。

單句填空①Hehadoneofhislegs

(break)whileplayingfootball.②Ican'thaveyou

(speak)toyourmotherinarudemanner.Youmustapologizetoherimmediately.③Ican'tgowithyou,becauseIhavemuchhomework

(do).broken

speaking

todo

本句為“havesthdone”結構,此結構中的賓語與賓語補足語之間是動賓關系。(1)havesthdone使某事完成;遭遇某種(不幸的)事情havesbdosth讓某人做某事havesbdoingsth允許某人做某事(常用于否定句中);使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)(2)havesthtodo有某事要做(主語自己做)havesthtobedone有某事要讓別人做注意havesthdone有三種不同的含義:①請/讓/叫別人(為自己)做某事。強調主語的意志;②遭遇到某種(不幸的)事情。賓語往往是受害者;③使……完成某事。此事可以是別人或自己完成的。01提升練習1.Ittookgreatcouragetobreakaway

hisfamilyat