河北省唐山市解各莊中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Agoodteachermustnotonlyhavemuchknowledgebutalsoknowhowto____hisideastohisstudents.

A.convey

B.approve

C.adopt

D.assess參考答案：A略2.ThemovieGravitywonsevenawardsattheOscarnight,_____wasbeyondthedirector’swildestdream.A.which

B.that

C.where

D.what參考答案：A3.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________.A.tobebreathed

B.tobreathe

C.breathing

D.beingbreathed參考答案：B4.—HaveyouheardthathewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturelastyear?

—______.Hehasmadeapositivecontributiontothatfield.A.Congratulations B.YoumustbejokingC.Bynomeans D.Hedeservesit參考答案：D5.WhenJohnwasarrestedfordrunkendriving,heexpectedtolosehisdrivinglicense,buthewas_____withafine.A．letthrough B．letdown C．letoff D．letout參考答案：C句意：當(dāng)約翰因?yàn)樽眈{被逮捕的時(shí)候，他以為會(huì)失去他的駕駛證，但是他只是被罰款，然后放掉了。letoff此處意思是“放走，免受懲罰”。6.—It’ssuchapity.Ididn’tgetthefirstplaceintheexam.

—Comeon.__________A.Nobodyisperfect.

B.Congratulations!

C.Badluck!

D.Youreallydidbadly參考答案：A略7.一Whereisthefuturegoingandwhatcanwedotofindaplaceforourselves?—Therearenoeasyanswers.butwewilltryto

challenges

chances.

A.turn；up

B.turn；into

C.turn；out

D.turn；on參考答案：B8.________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.A．Given

B．Togive

C．Giving

D．Havinggiven參考答案：A9.Weshouldplace________emphasisondevelopmentandsecurity,anddevelopnuclearenergyonthebaseofsecurity.A.equal

B.central

C.superior

D.maximum參考答案：A10.---Doesyourbrotherlikeplayingfootball?

---_____.Heseldomwatchesfootballmatch.A.Notexactly

B.Notreally

C.Notsure

D.Notagain參考答案：B11.Ifyouthinkthere________hugequantitiesofoilfortheuseofdrivers,youarewrong.A．is

B．a(chǎn)re

C．has

D．have參考答案：B12.Try____shemight,Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.A.if

B.as

C.sine

D.when參考答案：B略13.—Ipassedmydrivingtestyesterday.—Didyou?

!A．Allright

B．Goodluck

C．Congratulations

D．Goahead參考答案：C略14.Ihadbeenworkingonmathforthewholeafternoonandthenumbers________beforemyeyes.

A.swim B.swam C.swimming D.hadswum參考答案：B15.Onlywhenyouridentityhasbeenchecked____________.A.youareallowedin

B.you’llbeallowedinC.willyouallowin

D.willyoubeallowedin參考答案：D略16.Hewasdownwiththeflu,and__________couldn’tcometotheparty.A.moreover

B.meanwhile

C.therefore

D.besides參考答案：C略二、新的題型17.Temperaturesaroundtheworldarerising.Manyplaces___36___(experience)extremeweathereventssuchasextremeheatsincethestartofthenewcentury.Scientistshaveshownallthatisgoingtogeteven

___37___

(bad).Theylookedatcitiesinthenorthhalfoftheplanet.They___38___(especial)paidattentiontothoseintheUS.According___39___simplegeography,thecitiesnearCanadahavecooltomildweather.ThosenearMexico

___40___(be)hotterandmorehumid(潮濕的).However,thingsaregoingtolookandfeelalotdifferentin2080.Thescientistscreatedaweathermodel

___41___(study)theweatherchangesin2080.Theyconsideredtwoimportantpoints.Onewasthewarmingoftheplanetby1.5℃to3℃and___42___otherwastheincreasinggreenhousegaslevels.Unluckily,whatthescientistsfoundwas___43___(surprise)!Thecitiesinthenorthturnedintoonesinthesouth—about500___44___(mile)south.Forexample,Washington,DCfeltlikeGreenwood,Mississippi，andMississippifeltlikeMexico.That’sbadnewsforpeopleintheUS,___45___it’salsobadforpeopleeverywherebecausewe’reallinthesameboat.參考答案：36.haveexperienced

37.worse

38.especially

39.to

40.are

41.tostudy

42.the

43.surprising

44.miles

45.and這是一篇說明文。文章指出氣候變暖的情況日趨嚴(yán)峻，并列舉了一項(xiàng)對(duì)于美國(guó)城市氣候的研究來佐證這一點(diǎn)，提醒我們引起重視。【36題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：新世紀(jì)以來，很多地方都經(jīng)歷了類似高溫的極端天氣。分析句子可知，這里的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過去，且搭配since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填haveexperienced。【37題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：科學(xué)家表示這一切甚至正在變得更糟糕。分析句子可知，這里要表現(xiàn)前后變化過程，且用even修飾，考慮形容詞比較級(jí)，即“變得更糟”。故填worse。【38題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他們特別關(guān)注了美國(guó)的城市。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空白處修飾謂語動(dòng)詞paid，要用副詞形式。故填especially。【39題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：根據(jù)地理學(xué)，靠近加拿大的城市氣候較為溫和甚至寒冷。accordingto意為“根據(jù)……”。故填to。【40題詳解】考查主謂一致。句意：那些靠近墨西哥的城市氣候則更熱且潮濕。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語是代詞those，為復(fù)數(shù)，而句子描述的是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以這里be動(dòng)詞要用are。故填are。【41題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)天氣模型來研究2080年的氣候變化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，studytheweatherchanges作前句的狀語表示目的，要用動(dòng)詞不定式。故填tostudy。【42題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：另一點(diǎn)是不斷增高的溫室氣體水平。分析句子可知，這里符合“one...theother...”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示兩者中的一個(gè)和另一個(gè)。故填the。【43題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：不幸的是，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西非常令人驚訝。分析句子可知，缺少表語，考慮形容詞，結(jié)合句意可知這里要表達(dá)“令人驚奇的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物給人的感受，要用surprising。故填surprising。【44題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：大約向南500英里。mile是可數(shù)名詞，其前用表示數(shù)量的500時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填miles。45題詳解】考查連詞。句意：這對(duì)于美國(guó)人來說是壞消息，對(duì)于全世界的人來說也是，因?yàn)槲覀兠\(yùn)與共。分析句子可知，前后句存在并列的邏輯關(guān)系，要用表示并列的連詞。故填and。三、閱讀理解18.Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptistoexplainittosomeoneelse.“Whileweteach,welearn,”saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomuptodate.They’redocumentingwhyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn,anddesigningcreativewaysforyoungpeopletotakepartininstruction.Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutorothersworkhardertounderstandthematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmoreeffectively.Studentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswho’relearningonlyfortheirownsake.Buthowcanchildren,stilllearningthemselves,teachothers?Oneanswer:Theycantutoryoungerkids.Somestudieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenaremoreintelligentthantheirlater-bornsiblings(兄弟姐妹).ThissuggeststheirhigherIQsresultfromthetimetheyspendteachingtheirsiblings.Noweducatorsareexperimentingwithwaystoapplythismodeltoacademicsubjects.Theyarrangecollegeundergraduatestoteachcomputersciencetohighschoolstudents,whointurninstructmiddleschoolstudentsonthetopic.Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe“teachableagent”—acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-world

pupil.Computerscientistshavecreatedananimated(動(dòng)畫的)figurecalledBetty’sBrain,whohasbeen“taught”aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschoolstudents.StudentteachersareinspiredtohelpBettymastercertainmaterials.Whilepreparingtoteach,they

organizetheirknowledgeandimprovetheirownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyidentifyproblemsintheirownthinking.Feedbackfromtheteachableagentsfurtherimprovesthetutors’learning.Theagents’questionsforcesstudenttutorstothinkandexplainthematerialsindifferentways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallowsthemtoseetheirknowledgeputintoaction.Aboveall,it’stheemotionsoneexperiencesinteachingthatimprovelearning.Studenttutorsfeelupsetwhentheirteachableagentsfail,buthappywhenthesevirtualpupilssucceedastheydevelopprideandsatisfactionfromsomeoneelse’saccomplishment.28.WhatdowelearnaboutBetty’sBrain?A.Itisacharacterinapopularanimation. B.Itisateachingtoolunderdevelopment. C.Itisacutting-edgeappindigitalgames.D.Itisatutorforcomputersciencestudents.29.Howdoesteachingothersbenefitstudenttutors?A.Itmakesthemawareofwhattheyarestrongat. B.Itmotivatesthemtotrynewwaysofteaching.C.Ithelpsthemlearntheiracademicsubjectsbetter. D.Itenablesthemtobetterunderstandtheirteachers.30.Whatdostudentsdototeachtheirteachableagents?A.Theymotivatethemtothinkindependently.B.Theyaskthemtodesigntheirownquestions.C.Theyencouragethemtogiveimmediatefeedback.D.Theyusevariouswaystoexplainthematerialstothem.31.Whatisthekeyfactorthatbenefitsstudenttutors’learning?A.Theirsenseofresponsibility. B.Theiremotionalinvolvement.C.Thelearningskillsacquired D.Theteachingexperiencegained.參考答案：28.B

29.C

30.D

31.B這是一篇說明文。幾千年來，人們都知道理解一個(gè)概念的最好方法就是向別人解釋它。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些報(bào)名輔導(dǎo)他人的學(xué)生更努力地去理解材料，更準(zhǔn)確地回憶材料，更有效地運(yùn)用材料。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句ComputerscientistshavecreatedananimatedfigurecalledBetty’sBrain,whohasbeen“taught”aboutenvironmenta