二0二三年中學生能力訓練

英語模擬練習（一）

時間：100分鐘滿分：120分

I.單項選擇（共15分，每小題1分）從下面各題的四個選項中選出一個?佳答案。

1.一Ihaveputon▲sinceIstudiedonlineathome.

-You*dbettereatlessandexercisemore.

A.healthB.weightC.heightD.ability

2.—Dad,howaboutplantingsometreesinouryard?

—Goodidea!Treescan_____thewaterfromwashingtheearthaway/

A.prevent*B.acceptC.discoverD.choose

3.MycousinusuallygivesmoneytotheDeopleinneed.▲he'snotrichatall.

A.ifB.though?C.soD.until

4.Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodeverydayis▲toyourhealth.

A.hopefulB.usefulC.carefulD.harmful

5.-Whathappened▲Tomthatday?

-Idon'tknow,MrSmith.

A.toB.inC.withD.about

6.-Itrainedheavilythismorning.Iseveryoneinourclassheretoday?

—Yes,and▲ofuswaslateforclass.

D.either

AeallB.noneC.neither

7.—IsthatblueschoolbagTon/s?

—It.▲behers.Shehatesblue.

Aeshouldn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.needn't

8.Mr.Zhang____watchesTV.HethinkswatchingTVisawasteoftime.

A.oftenB.seldomC.alwaysD.usually

9.—Afterthebigexam,wecanhaveagoodrest

-HowIam▲achancetohaveatrip!

A.thankfultoB.goodatC.usedtoD.thirstyfor

10.—Excuseme,doyouknowwhentheplanetoBeijing▲?

一At14:20p.m.

A?turnoffB.putoffC.gooffD.takeoff

11.一▲isitfromyourhometoyourgrandparents9?

—Weliveverynear,onlyabout5minutes'walk.

A?Howlong.B.HowfarC.HowsoonD.Howoften

12.Welearnfromthepast,experiencethepresentandhopeforsuccess▲.

A.intheendB.inthemiddle,C.inthewayD.inthefuture

13.We.▲manyfamousmuseumsthenextweek.Wereallylearnedalot

A.visit'B.willvisitC.visited、D.arevisiting

14.-Didyounotice.▲inheroffice?

-Shewaspreparingfortheparents*meeting.

A.whatMissLiwasdoingB.howMissLiwasfeeling

?C?whyMissLiwasrunningD?whereMissLiwaswoiking

15.-ShallwemakeacardfordadonFather*sDay?

—A

A.Noway.B.ThankyouD.Enjoyyoiicself

II.補全對話（共5分，每空1分）

從方框內所給的選項中選擇恰當的句子完成此對話。（有兩個多余選項）

英語模擬練習（"）第1頁（共8頁）

A：HitEric.Wouldyouuseiogou>memovieswithmetonight?

B:16.ButIhavetogoovermyschoolworik..」.：

A：WhatapityL_12_

A.Yes,Tdloveto.:.；?：,-

B:Yes,wearehavingourmid-tennexam.（

A:JL8B.rmsonytohearthat.

B:Ihopeso!ButTmalittleafiraidC.Whatsubjectsareyoubestat?

A:Afraid?19D.What'sthematterwithher?

B:ButIhaven'tstudiedhistoryforaweek.E.Ihopeyouwillgetgoodgrades.

A:Why?F.Areybuhavinganexamnextweek?

B:Becausemyhistoiyteacherisillinhospital.G.Youalwaysstudyhardandseldom&ilatest

A:20Doesshegetbetternow?

B:Yes,shewillcomebacktoschooltomoirow.

A:Soxrndsgreat.Youdon'thavetobeworriedsomuch,cheerup!：

B:Thankyou!Let'swatchamovieanotherday.，

in.完形填空（共10分，每空1分）

根據短文內容，從各題所給的四個選項中選擇一個最佳答案。

；戶Earlierthisschoolyear,ayogaroomopenedupinourschoolforstudentsto

21asoneoftheirClassbreakactivities.MyclassmatesandIdecidedtotestit

outandseeifitwasusefulto22..

匚淮Whenwewalkedintotheyogaroom,wewere23toseehowmany

1：yogamats（墊）therewere!Wealltookofifourshoesandpickedyogamatsthat

■?■r*.,

werenexttoeachother.Then,theyogateacherplayedsome24music

andWestarted.

First,we25ineitbefthemIflotus健花式）和11lotus,orIndianstyleposes.Halflotusisone

legovertheother.FuDlotusis力6legsovereachother.AndIndianstyleiscrisscrossed（十字交

叉的）legs.Ifwefeltfullof27,wewouldputourhandsdownduringourpose.Ifwefelttired,we

,putourhandsup.Then,wedidsunsalutations（拜日式）.Oneexampleofthisistiiatyouputyourhands

^togetherandwelcomeotherstodoyogawithyou.28,wedidacoupleofotheryogaposes

together.Oneposewasthedownwarddog（下犬式）.Theyogaposemademethinkof29.

Weall30thisactivity.We*vegonebacktotheyogaroomseveraltimessincetiien;Ifsanice

waytotakeabreakinthemiddleofabusyschoolday.

21.A.useB.cleanC?competeD.chat

22.A.protectB.predictC.remember、Djelax.?

23.A.worriedB.surprisedC.tired一D.interested

24.A.relaxingB.sadC.awfulD.loud

25.A.jumpedB.satC.ranD.dug

26.A.noneB.bothC.neitherD.either

27.AtimeB.airC.moneyD.energy

28.A.HardlyB.ActuallyC.FinallyD.Exactly

29.A.catsB.fishC.bearsD.dogs

30.A.missedB.hatedC.enjoyedD.saved

IV.閱讀理解（共20分，每小題1分）

根據短文內容，從各題所給的四個選項中選擇一個正確答案。

Passage1

英語模擬練習（一）第2頁（共8頁）

Home>Searchresulls

Paris:3,903propertiesfound

rSearch

Sweet-Inn-RivoliODDn.

歪QParb

Paris-showonmap.150mfrommapcenter-metroacn?s$

30Nt描er(Moteapytmentloryourtern曠)

4mghts,2adults.1chM

ThreH>edroomapvtment

ej?￡2468

Entireapartment?3bedrooms?1Gviogroom?C47tztfStf)dchxS0

?2bathrooms-1kitchen-95m1

5beds(2singfes.2doubtesjsofabed)

.12adufe-lchid-lfoomRMcancoDstton

>bucancancelWef.solockhthisgreatprfcetoday

HotelDuoHr日彘R

Search

Paris-$ho**onn^-I5Omfromropceoter-mrtroaccessLootfoat5

(Erior卑㈣LJ4皿2M(EIMI

Ont-bedroomsuftawithsofabed^.,￡2385

Rivatesuite?□OtxssanddoB

2beds(1extra4zrgedoubkUsofabed)

canctMfon-noprtpaymmtneeded

cancanedlater,solodeinthisgreatprteitoday

31.Whereistheusergoing?

A.LondoiL'1B.Paris.C/Beijing：：D:HongKong.

32JiowmanybedroomsdoesSweetInn二Rivolihave?

A.One.二B,.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

33.HowmuchwilTafdui--nightstayHiSweetInn-Rivdlicost?

A.￡2,468.1B.￡2,615.C.￡2,415.D.￡3,299.

34.WhatdoweknowaboutHotelDuo?

A.ItssuitehasakitcheiL-B.It'hastwodoublebeds.

C.Itofifersa10%discounttonewguests.D.Itdoesn'tneedprepaymenttoorder.

35.Wherecanpeoplereadtheinformationabove?

A-Inthemagazine.B.Inthenewspaper.C.On(hewebsite.D.Onthereport.

Passage2

AncientChinesearchitecture(建筑)haditsownspecialstyles.TheancientChineseshowedtheir

wisdomandgreatwishesforlifeindifierentkindsofhomes；temples,andpalaces.<

Theinsideofbuildingsofallkindsweredecoratedwithflower

designsandscrolls(卷軸)andpeacefulthingsfoundinnature.The

ancientChinesealsousedaglaze(粕料)tocoatwalls*forprotection

againstmoisture(潮濕)andforaddedbeauty.

英語模擬練習（一）第3頁（共8頁）

1ThecourtyardwasanimportantpartofallancientChinesebuildings,

xfromthepoorestfarmhousetothebiggestpalace.Thepoorcouldnot

affordabigcourtyardwiththreesidesbywingsofahomeandthefourth

sideguardedbyagate,tocreateaclosedcourtyardInstead,thepoor

Sbuildseveralsmallhousesaroundanopenrectangular（矩形）space,

creatingasharedcourtyard.

The.maindoorintothebuildingorhome（orpalaceortemple）

alwaysfacedsouth.TheancientChinesebelievedthattheproperbuilding

!materials（earthandwood）,anclosedcourtyard,andafrontdoorfacing

霸southallcombined（結合）tooffergoodenergytothosewhospenttime

there.

Apagodaroof（寶塔屋頂）isshapedsomewhatlikeamountaintop,

withpeaks,andlevels.TheancientChinesedidnotinventthepagoda

roofTliisroofdesignarrivedinancientChinafromIndiathroughtheSilk

■RoadduringHantimes.,

36.Accordingtothepassage,▲isusedforprotectingthewallsagainstmoisture.

A.flowerdesignsB.naturalthingsC.scrollsD.glazes

37.Weprobablycan*tfindAintherich*shomesinancientChina.

A?apagodaroofB?asharedcourtyard

C.afrontdoorfacingsouthD.aclosedcourtyard

38.Inorderto▲.themaindooralwaysfacesouthofChineseancientbuildings.

A.directlyfacethesunB.easilyfindthedoor

C.offergoodenergyD.addbeautytohouses

39.Theroofofancientbuildingsisshapedlikea.▲inancienttimes.

AmountaintopBsilkroadCbirdwingDdragonhead

40.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Asharedcourtyardissurroundedbywingsonallsides...

B.Thecourtyardwasanimportantpartofallmodembuildings.

C.ThisroofdesignarrivedinancientIndiathroughtheSilkRoad.

D.TheChinesebuildingscarriedonpeople'swisdomandgoodwishesforlife.

Passage3.

SomepeoplemightthinkthatyoungpeoplearetooyoungtoknowwhattheywantButpeoplelike

LuKaigangprovethemallwrong.

Lu,23,a&shionmodelfromChina,grewupwalkingontheroadsinniralGuangxiZhuang

autonomousregion（自治區）Now,hewalksonsomeofthelargestfashioncatwalks。臺）inthe

world.'?,，’,.：’、

nIhavehadasupennodeldreamsinceIwas10whileIwasstillinprimaryschooLIsawa恒hion

showonTVandIfeltitwassocooltodothatontherunway,11Lusaid.AlthoughLudidn'thavemuch

moneyoranyprofessionaltraining,thatdidn'tstophimfromchasinghisdream.Lucollectedpiecesof

clothfromthefactoryheworkedatandmadethemintocostumes.In2018,hestartedmakingvideosof

himselfwearinghishandmadecostumesandpostedthemonline.Luhaswhatmoneycan'tbuy:hard

workandself-belief."TheearlyvideosIposteddidn'tgetmanylikes,1*.Lusaid"ButIbelievedwhatI

wasdoingwouldberecognizedbytheworldsomeday.；..

Luquit（辭職）hisjobatthefactoryandwentbacktohishometowntospendtimelearninghowto

beasupennodel.Healsobegantouseothermaterialsforcostumes,likeplasticbagsandevenblankets

（毛毯）andkeptpostingvideosofhimselfonline.

Aboutoneyearlater,Lu'shardworkpaidoffandhebecameanonlinestar.He'snotjuston

ordinarymodel.Hisone-of-a-kindclothesshowofFhistalentandcreativity,andhisvideosaremostly

filmedonvillagedirtroads,addingaspecialandfreshbackdrop（背景）..

英語模擬練習《一）第4頁（共8頁）?

wouldn'tbewhere加"

WecanbesurethatifLuhadn'tfollowedhisheartatayoungage,he

today/.............................7.?,..,，

41,Ludreamedtobeasuperm04cl▲.:”

A.in2018B.attheageof23

C.afterhisvideosgotpopularD.whenhewasinprimaryschool

42.WhatwasLu'slifelikebeforebecomingpopularonline?

A.Hewasbominarichfamily.:，>,5?...B.Heworkedataclothesfactory,,

C.Hetrainedataprofessionalschool.D.Heworkedforafeshioncompany.

43.Whichofthefollowingwordscan'tbeusedtodescribeLuaccordingtothepassage?

A.shy-.B.talented'C.hard-workingD.creative

44.WhatdidLudoafterquittinghisjob?.--',???

A：HestartedtostudyhowtobeasupennodeL.?八

B.Hetookonlinelessonsonhowtomakevideos.......

C.Hewentbacktohishometowntopickuplitter.

D.Heworkedasanordinarymodelinhishometown;

45.Whatisthisstorymainlyabout?'''

A.Howwecanbecomeonlinepopstars.B.Whatcanmakeamanchangehisheart

C.Howamanfollowedandrealizedhisdream.D.Whykidsshouldmakeachoiceatayoungage.

Passage，：一....二：；；；.之

SinceIbecameamother,IcannotrememberdielasttimeIhadqualitytimefbrmyselfEvenmy

simplehobbyofreadingabookwasalreadyathingofthepastAllmytimewasspenttakingcareofthe

family,doinghousechores,andofcourse,workingtomakealiving.Ilongedifor“metime".

WhenIsayametime",Ionlymeanhavinganhourofquietness,listeningtomusic,readingabook,

orwatchingamovie,withoutbeingtroubledby.mykids.

ItwasnotuntilquiterecentlythatIhadachancetotraveltoanewcountryallbymyself!My

husbandandkidswouldhavetofollowatalaterdate.一,

Now,IamaloneinanapartmentenjoyingmyFetraveling”.Finally,!candowhateverIwantand

keepthehousecleanandtidy.IcanreadmyfavoritebooksanddoallthatIwanttodowithmytime.I

practicallyJiaveallthetimeformyself!

Butsuiprisinglyitdoesn*tmakemehappy.Iamlonely.Nomoredailyroutineofnagging（嘮叨）

andpushingthekidstogetup.Imissmykidsandmyhusband.Ifeelsomethinginmeismissing.Now

Irealizethatmakingtimefbrmedoesn'tmeanbeingawayfromthoseIlove.Icanstillhave“metime”

evenifIhavethekidsaroundandendlesschorestodo.Icanchangemyattitudetowardchoresand

routines（日常）.

Lifewon'tbethesamewithoutthepeopleyoulovenearyouNowIamlookingforwardtothem

joiningmesoon.

46.Theunderlinedphraseinparagraph1"longedfor”probablymeansA.

A.triedtounderstandsomethingB.wantedsomethingverymuch**

C.workedhardtomakealivingDwaitedforsomebodyforalongtime

47.Theauthorfeel▲aboutherlifebeforetraveling?

A.busyandtiringB.hardandpoorC.simpleandenjoyableD.quietandcomfortable

48.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“metime"now?

A.ItmeanshavingallthetimeforherselfB.Itmeansdoingwhateversheneverdidbefore.

C.Itmeansbeingawayfromhertroublesomekids.D.Itmeanstryingtoenjoylifewithdailyroutines;

49.Whentheauthoristellingthisstory,▲?-

A.herhusbandandkidsarebesideher???_

B.sheislookingforwardtobeingwithhiskidsandhusbandsoon.

C.sheislivingaloneinaforeigncountryV

D.shedoesn'twanttodochoresanymore

50.WhichofthefollowingsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Themotherusedtobeawomanwithoutanyhobbies.

B.Sheenjoyedherselfsomuchduringher“metraveling”

英語模擬練習（一）第5頁（共8頁）

C.Sheissuretofedhappyonlywiththepeopleshelovesaround

D.Thereisn^anybodycaringaboutherexceptherhusbandandkids

V.補全對話（共5分，每空1分）

在不面對話的空白處填入適當的話語（話語可以是句子、短語或詞），使對話完整.

A：Hi,Lisa!51?

,B:Iamreadingabookaboutinventionsintheworld.

A:Soundsinteresting._52?

B:It*shardtosay.Inmyopinion,themostusefulinventionisthecomputer

A:Whydoyouthinkso?

B:Well,becauseithaschangedtheworldandpeople'slifestyle.Anditbringsusmuchfun.

A:53.lamalsointerestedincomputers.Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammetinthefuture

B:ReaUv?54?

A:Iamgoingtostudymathhardandgetintoagoodcomputeruniversity.

B:_$5_.

A：Thankyou.

VI.句子翻譯（共15分）

（A）根據所給中文完成句子朝譯?（共11分.局部翻譯，每小題1分；整句國譯，每小題3分）

56.馬丁說他為自己沒有放棄而深感自豪.

Martinsaidhe▲himselffornotgivingiqp.

57.為了避免浪費資源，我們必須盡可能多地循環利用.

Inorderto.▲resources,wemustrecyclethemasmuchaspossible.

58.志愿者們己經采取行動挽救野生動物了嗎？

Havethevolunteers▲tosavewildanimal*yet?

59.許多人選擇走路上班而不開車..■

Manypeoplechoosetowalktawork:▲goingbycar.

60.據說茶是在大約五千年前被神農最先發現的。

▲teawasfirstdiscoveredbyShennongabout5000yearsago.

61.?這些女士多么幽默啊!.-

62.孩子們都喜歡趙老師，因為他關心他們的夢想和未來.

63.在中國，大多數的老人都能被他們的子女好好照顧.

（B）閱讀下面的短文,將短文中畫線部分的句子譯成中文.（共4分，每小題2分）

64.[tseemsthatnotallnoisesareunpleasant（令人不快的），andsomecanhelpyoiisleepbetter.If

yousearchforbedtimemusic,youmayfindsomethingcalled“whitenoisew.Noisecanbeannoying

（煩人的）9butwhycanwhitenoisehelppeoplesleep?

Whitenoiseisrandom（隨機的）soundswithequalintensity（同等強度）.Itcancalmyoudown.

65JtcancoverUDotherloudnoisesLSuchasadoo'sbarking（吠）、whenyovfallasleep.Whenlistening

towhitenoisebecomespartofyourbedtimeroutine（規律）,yourbrainwillprepareforsleep.

vn.完形填空（共io分，每空i分）

根據短文內容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文完整、正確?（每個詞只能用一次，有

兩個多余詞）______________________________________________________________

weekcourageone.happenmuchproblemandstopquickwithoutbutgood

Mydadwasmyeverything.Nothingbadcould66whenmydaddywasaround.

Butmydadalsohada67.Hewasanalcoholic（酗酒的人）.Oneday,Iheardthebackdoor

openwhilewatchingcartoons.Mydadcamein.HewasdrunkIrantohim68andshouted,

TJaddy,Daddy,Daddy丁WhenIwasabouttoreachhim,mymom69me.Whywassheholding

mebackfrommydad?

“Letmegotomydaddy,heneedsme!”Ishouted.c<No,Cindy,he'llhurtyou.Youneedtostay

back/'mymomsaidtome.Thenmydadcameoutcanyingas70ashecould.Hewalkedoutof

thedoor71lookingback.ThatwastheonlytimewhenIsawmydaddrunk.Anditwasthe

72_timewhenIsawmyherofall.Hecamebackafew73laterwithaclearmind.Andhehas

英語模擬練習（一）第6頁（共8頁）

nothadadrinksincethen.Heisnotperfect,74Istilllookuptohim.

Manyyearslater,whenIhadenough75toaskmymomaboutit,shetoldmesomethingril

neverforget.

“Ifoundthehotelhewasstayingat,Cindy.Itoldhimthathecouldhavehisdrink,butnothis

daughter.Orhecouldhavehisdaughterbutnothisdrink.Hechoseyou.”

Vffl.任務型閱讀（共20分，每小題2分）

Passage5

閱讀下面短文，簡略回答所提出的問題。

BliyangdianLakeinHebeiProvince,whichincludesnorthemChina's

largestfireshwaterwetland,hasbecomeaparadise（樂園）forbirds,

includingsomerare瞬有的）ones,sinceitswaterqualityimproved

greatlyinthepastseveralyears.Baiyangdiancoversabout360square

kilometerswith143smalllakes.

Birdshavereturnedingreatnumbers.Atotalof237species（物種）

inhabitthewetlandatpresent,31morethanthetimebeforeXiong'anNewAreawasbuilt,HebeiDaily

reported.ThebirdsincludetheBaefsPochard,anendangeredspeciesofdivingduckthatwasspottedin

thewetlandaboutfourmonthsago.Thedivingduckshavealsoreproduced.

In2018,waterinthelakewasrated（評估）atorbelowGradeV—theworstlevelinthecoxintiys

five-tierqualitysystemforsurfacewater.Withpollution-controlmeasuresandenvironmental

managementofthelakeinplace,waterqualityreachedGradeHIlastyear,accordingtothedepartment

Toprovideahealthyhabitatforthebirds,thewetlandhaslaidoutninepartsasspecialareas,with

76.WhafsthesizeofBaiyangdian?,

77.Howmanyspeciesinhabitthewetlandintotal?

78.WhichkindofspeciesdoesBaer^sPochardbelongto?

79?IsthewaterofBaiyangdianLakealwaysinagoodlevel?

80.WhyhasBaiyangdianwetlandprotectedandmanagedtiiewatersocarefully?

Passage6

閱讀下面短文,完成表格。

Lifeofferssomanylessons,bothpracticalandpersonal,andyou1renevertooyoungtobegin

learningthem.Herearesomenecessaryskillstoleamassoonaspossibleinlife.

MoneyManagement

Whenyoustartreceivingmoneyofyourown.Ifstimetostartunderstandingyourrelationshipwith

money.Inaworldwhereyoucanbuyanyandeveryobject,thekeyistosavemoneybybuyingonly

essentials（必須品）andatreatsometimes.

?Cooking;..

Onegreatwaytosavemoneyistolearntocookforyourself.Beyondtiiat,cookingathomealso

helpsyoucontrolyour.dietforVatterhealth.Ifyoustartdoingfthisatanearlyage,youwillnot.haveto

dependonyourparentstoomuch.

KeepingPromises

Promisesareamatterofhonestyandshouldbemadewithcare.Wemustleamfromaneariyage

thatourwordmustbefollowedupbyaction.Whenitisn't,otherswillquicklylosetrustinusandnot

respectus.

AcceptingRejection便絕）

Thoughyoumustbecarefulnottobreakyourword,others'promisesaren'talwayskept.Lean]

aboutitearly,andyouwon,tbehurteasily.Also,noteveryjobapplicationordesired（渴望的]

friendshipwillworkout,sorememberthattherearemorefishinthesea.

英語模擬練習（一）第7頁（共8頁）

Lifelong_

Nomatterhowoldyouget,therewillalwaysbethingsbeyondyourunderstanding.ICsbetterto

jesnitobemodestnowratherthantakeaproudfalllaterinlife.Pleasekeeplearningnewexperiences.

todjt'snevertoo】atetostart.____________________________________________

Title:81

Money★Buyingonlyessentialsandatreatsometimescanhelpyousave

Managementmoney..

★It'sgoodforyourhealthtocontrolyourdietbycookingathome.

Cooking★82youstartlearningcookingathome,thelessyouwillhave

todependonyourparents.

★Promisesaremadeofhonestyandcare.

83★Takeactiontokeepthepromisesinordernottolosetrust.

*.

?

★Youwon^behurteasilyifyouleamthefactthatnoteveryonewill

Accepting

alwayskeeptheirwords.

Rejection

★Youcan'texpectevery84willworkout

.***5.**z'

Lifelong★Leamtobemodestnowinsteadoftakingaproudfalllaterinlife.

Learning★85tostartlearningnewexperiences.

K.書面表達（共20分）

86.根據要求完成小作文，詞數：30詞左右。（共5分）

即將畢業的你，有哪些建議想送給即將開啟初中生活的學弟學妹們呢？請結合自身經歷，提

出3條寶貴建議。

87.根據要求完成大作文，詞數：80T00詞.（共15分）_____

水滴石穿，繩鋸木斷。堅持做好一件事，會成就更好的自己。請以“OneThingIKeepDoing

EveryDay”為題，根據以下要點和要求，用手文寫一篇發言稿，參加學校的英語主題演講活動.

要點：l.Whatdoyoukeepondoingeveiyday?；?

2.Whydoyoudotiiis?

3.Howhasitchangedandinfluencedyou?

要求：1.語意連貫，層次清楚，書寫規范.

,2.文中不得出現真實的姓名與校名。

,'3.短文題目與開頭已給出，不計入總詞數.

?OneThingIKeepDoingEveryDay

Goodmorning,everyone!

Iamveryhappytobeheretosharewifliallofyouabout