2021屆天津市薊縣城關(guān)第二中學(xué)高三英語第四次聯(lián)考試題及答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項AAsanation,wearegettingbiggerandeatingmore.Butthereareeffectivewaystocontrolyourappetiteandeatonlyasmuchasyouneed.Keepawayfromlow-nutritionsnacksThatmeansicecream,sweets,chipsbiscuits,cakesandanyothersaltyorsugarysnacksyoueatbetweenmeals.Althoughwehaveatendencytoeatthem,youcanlearntolivewithouttheseunhealthy-and-fattening-additionstoyourdiet.Trytomakeitahabittoeatthemonlywhenofferedatsocialeventsorasaspecialtreat.LeavehalfanhourbetweenmaincourseanddessertHavingabreakbetweencoursesgivesyourbraintimetoreceivethefullnesssignalandmakeyoumorelikelytorefusethesweetstuff.And,infact,assoonasyoufeelthefirstsignalsoffullness,removeyourplatefromthetable.Thatwilltellyourbrainthatfoodtimeisover.MakeyoursasmallhelpingPutanendtosuper-sizedportions.Youwon’tbemissingout—today’ssmallwasthemediumorlargeofafewdecadeago.Selectorserveyourselfamodestportionandeatitslowlyenjoyingtheflavors.Beforeyouknowit,smallwillfeeljustright.What’smore,orderingthesmallersizeleadstowearingthesmallersize.DistractyourselfWhenyoufindyourselfhuntingdownfood,eventhoughyou’reevenhungry,dosomethingelsefor20minutes.Drinkalargeglassofwaterasthirstisoftenconfusedwithadesireforfood.Choosesomethingthatengagesyourbrainaswellasyourhands,suchaswritingaletterorlisteningtoasong.Youcouldalsogoforashortwalkordosomethingthatyouenjoy.Ifyouthinkyoureallyarehungry,setanalarmfor20minutes’timeandifyoustillwanttoeatwhenitrings,fine.Ifnot,theurgewillhavepassed.Whichwaysuitsyoubetterifyoutendtoorderalargeportionoffood?Distractyourself.Makeyoursasmallhelping.Keepawayfromlow-nutritionsnacks.D.Leavehalfanhourbetweenmaincourseanddessert.Whyshouldyouhaveabreakbetweenmaincourseanddessert?Togivepeopletimetochat.Tohaveagoodappetiteforsweetstuff.Toreduceappetitefordessert.Togivethehosttimetoremoveyourplate.Whenyoufindyourselfpursuingforfood,whatshouldyoudo?A.Eatsomebiscuits. B.Eatsomesugarysnacks.C.Havesomesoftdrinks. D.Listentoalovelymelody.BThebeachmayseemlikeaninvitingplacetorunonacoolsummermorning,butisrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody?Itcanbe,butit’simportanttobeawareofthechallengesthatsomebeachrunnersexperiencebeforeyougetready.Runningonthebeachcanbeagoodthing.It’scertainlydifferentfromrunningonatrackorapavement.Forstarters,sandcanbeachallengebecauseithasanuneven（不平坦的）surface.Asyoupushoff,you’regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves.So,you’renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorapavement.Butthisunevennesshasanupside:Itgivesyourbodyanextraworkout,forcingyoutoexercisemusclesthatdon’tgetasmuchuseduringrunsonfirmsurfaces.Forexample,yourfeet,anklesandlowerbackmightfeelsorerandmoretiredthanusualafterabeachrunjustbecausethesurfaceisconstantlymovingandchangingsteptostep.Youalsomightfeelsoreafterwardbecausebeachestendtoslope（傾斜）downtothewater.Ifyou’regoingforalongrunonthebeach,youmightnoticethatonesideofyourbodymightfeelsorerbecauseyou’reputtingmorepressureonitduetotheslope.Somebeachrunnersprefertorunbarefoot—notwearinganythingonfeet.However,ifyou’renotusedtobarefootrunning,startslowlyanddon’trunlongdistancesatfirst.That’sbecauserunningbarefootusesmoredifferentmusclesthanrunningwithshoesdoes,andit’simportanttostrengthenthesemusclesandadaptyourfeet.Ifyouwanttorunbarefootandaslongasyouruncarefullyenoughintoit,goforit!Runningonthesandcanbeasmartchoiceforyou,becauserunningonsoftergroundsurfacescanreducemuscledamage.Whyisitdifficulttorunonthebeachforstarters?A.Thesoftsurfacemakespeoplefallovereasily.Peopleneedtoruncarefullyonitssmoothsurface.Runningonitsunevensurfacetakesmucheffort.It’shardtokeepone’sbalanceonitshardsurface.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“upside”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Advantage. B.Reason.C.Character. D.Challenge.What’stheauthor’sattitudetobarefootrunning?A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.Thepassagecanprobablybefoundin .A.Aprimaryschooltextbook B.AtouristguideC.Asportsmagazine D.AscientificreportCScientistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（麻省理工學(xué)院）haveturnedspiderwebsintomusic——creatinganstrangesoundtrackthatcouldhelpthembetterunderstandhowthespidersoutputtheircomplexcreationsandevenhowtheycommunicate.TheMITteamworkedwithBerlin-basedartistTomasSaracenototake2D（two-dimensional）laser（激光）scansofaspiderweb,whichwerelinkedtogetherandmadeintoamathematicalmodelthatcouldrecreatethewebin3DinVR（virtualreality）.TheyalsoworkedwithMIT’smusicdepartmenttocreatethevirtualinstrument.“Eventhoughtheweblooksreallyrandom（隨機），thereactuallyarealotofinsidestructuresandyoucanvisualize（可視化）themandyoucanlookatthem,butit’sreallyhardtograspforthehumanimaginationorhumanbraintounderstandallthesestructuraldetails,”saidMITengineeringprofessorMarkusBuehler,whopresentedtheworkonMondayatavirtualmeetingoftheAmericanChemicalSociety.ListeningtothemusicwhilemovingthroughtheVRspiderwebletsyouseeandhearthesestructuralchangesandgivesabetterideaofhowspidersseetheworld,hetoldCNN.“Spidersusevibrations（振動）asawaytolocatethemselves,tocommunicatewithotherspidersandsotheideaofthinkingreallylikeaspiderwouldexperiencetheworldwassomethingthatwasveryimportanttousasspidermaterialscientists,”Buehlersaid.Spidersareabletobuildtheirwebswithoutshelvesorsupports,sohavingabetterideaofhowtheyworkcouldleadtothedevelopmentofadvancednew3Dprintingtechniques.“ThereasonwhyIdidthatisIwantedtobeabletogetinformationreallyfromthespiderworld,whichisveryweirdandmysterious,”Buehlerexplained.Inadditiontothescientificvalue,Buehlersaidthewebsaremusicallyinterestingandthatyoucanhearthesoundsthespidercreatesduringconstruction.“It’sunusualandeerieandscary,butfinallybeautiful.”hedescribed.WhathaveMITscientistsdoneaccordingtothepassage?Theyhavetranslatedspiderwebsintosounds.Theyhavemadeamathematicalmodeltoproducewebs.Theyhavecreatedasoundtracktocatchspiders.Theyhaveknownhowspiderscommunicate.Whatcanweknowaboutspiderwebsfromparagraph3?Theirstructuresarebeautifulandclear.ProfessorMarkusBuehlerknowsthemwell.TheAmericanChemicalSocietypresentstheresult.Theyarecomplexforpeopletofigureitout.Inwhichfieldwillthestudybehelpful?A.virtualreality B.printingC.painting D.film-makingWhatisthemainideaofthepassage?Ittellsusthatthemusiccreatedbyspidersisscary.Itshowshowtheresearcherscarryouttheexperiment.Itpresentsanewandcreativewaytostudyspiders.Itexplainswhyscientistsdidtheexperiment.DOncesmallfarmersinMasii,aremotevillageinKenya,havepickedtheircrops,alltheycandoiswaituntilabuyertrucksthrough.Thesystemworksfairlywellforbeansandcorn,butmangoes-thearea’sothermaincrop-spoil（腐爛）morequickly.Ifthetraderislate,theyrot.However,asimplecoatingcouldchangethat.Acompany,SmartTech,hascreatedaproductthatdoublestheshelflifeoffreshproduce,enablingfarmerstoaccessfar-off,largermarkets.Moretimeforfreshproduceongrocers’shelvesalsomeanslessfoodwaste-a$2.6trillionproblem,accordingtotheUnitedNations’FoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.JamesRogers,CEOofSmartTech,wantedtosolvetheproblemforfoodmuchinthesamewaythatoxidebarrierspreventingrust（銹）haveachievedforsteel.Fortunately,researchershavefoundwhenplantsmadethejumpfromwatertoland,theydevelopedcutin（蠟質(zhì)）,abarrierwhichismadeoffattyacidsthatlinktogethertoformasealaroundtheplant,helpingkeepwaterin.Thecutinwassuchagrandstrategythattodayyou’llstillfinditacrosstheplantkingdom.SmartTechdiscoveredthroughresearchesthatanorangecanlastlongerthanastrawberrynotsomuchbecauseofthethicknessofitsskin,butbecauseofthedifferenceinthearrangementofthosecutinmolecules（分子）onthesurface.Afterextensivetrials,Rogersandhisteamdevelopedanaturalandtastelessprotectivecoatingfromplantmaterial-stems,leavesandskins.Theproductextendsthesweetspotbetweenripeningandrot.Andbestofall,thetreatedproducedoesn’trequirerefrigeration.“SmartTechhashugepotentialtoturnpoorfarmersinAfricaintocommercialfarmers,”saysRogers.“Thatmeansmoremoneyinpockets,andmorefoodinstomachs.”Butwhetherthecompanycancos-etffectivelyreachsmallfarmersinfar-offareasstillremainsachallenge.TheauthormentionsthesmallfarmersinKenyato .stresstheirneedforpreservingproduceshowtheirchallengeinharvestingcropsexpresstheirwishtoreachlargermarketsevaluatetheirlosscausedbyslowtransportWhatcanwelearnaboutSmartTech’sproduct?ItisfinanciallysupportedbyFAO.Itisintendedtoreplacerefrigeration.Itisdesignedtothickenproduce’sskin.Itisbasedonplants’owndefencesystem.WhatwillJamesRogersprobablyfocusonnext?Howtoexpandfarms.Howtoearnmoremoney.Howtoproducemoretastyfood.Howtoprofitfarmersinremotearea.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto .promoteaproduct B.presentatechnologyC.advertiseSmartTech D.introduceJamesRogers第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項HowtoSpeakinMeetingsMakingyourvoiceheardisonewaytogainrespectinyourschoolorworkplace.Yet,youmayfeellikeyouhavenothingnewtosayorcontribute.Herearesomewaystomakeyoufeelreadyforameeting.___16___Havingsomeideasaboutwhatyouwanttosayalreadyplannedoutcanhelpyoutofeelmoreconfidentinameeting.Trywritingdownafewideasforquestionsyoucanaskorideasyoucanbringupinthemeeting 17 Bethefirstspeaker.Ifyouwanttospeakyetsomehowtalkyourwayoutofit,trybeingthefirsttosaysomething.___18___Makeapointtojumpinfirstandcreatediscussioninsteadofdelayingyourcomments.Speakconfidently.___19___Makeyourwordsmeaningful.Evenifyoudon’tfeelconfident,showconfidenceinwhatyou’resayingandhowyou’resayingit.Speakclearlyandtrytoavoidfillerslike“uh”or“um”.Makeabriefpoint.There’snoneed,torambleon（啰嗦地說）tomakesurethatyou’reheardorthatpeopleunderstandyou.___20___Makewhatyousaymemorable,nottime-wasting.Takesometimetoformyourthoughtsandideas,andthensayitinaclearandeffectiveway.A.Makesureyouturntoyourteachersforhelp.Focusonspeakingclearlyandwithfewerwords.Planoutafewtalkingpointsbeforethemeeting.Speakingfirstmeansyouhavelesstimetodoubtyourself.Usethesenotestoguideyouwhenyouarereadytospeak.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhomakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself.Youdon’tneedtoshoutortalkoverpeopletosaysomethingconfidently.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項Teachingabroadgivesmethechancetofeeltrulyimmersed（沉浸）.IknewIwantedto 21 theworldfromaveryyoungage.Iwas 22 enoughasachildtotravelwithmyfamilytonearbycountries.WhenIwasatcollege,Idecidedtostudy 23 foroneyear.Itwasachancetoliveinandexperienceanothercountryinawaythattakinga 24 justdoesn’tallow.However,thisexperiencedidn’thelpme 25mydesire（渴望）fortravel,andIwantedtotravelmore.So,aftergraduation,IwenttoThailandandbegan 26 Englishthere.Itseemedliketheperfectwayformetotravel, 27 money,andgivebacktocommunitiesaroundtheworld.Bydoingthis,Icould 28 immersemyselfinavery 29 culture.Iarrivedknowingverylittleofthelocal 30 butbytheendwasabletohaveconversationswithmystudentsandneighbors.IalsoatefoodIwouldneverhavetriedifIhadjustbeenatourist.Ihad31tostayinThailandforonesemester與期）, 32 endedupstayingfortwoyears.Theyweresomeofthe 33 yearsofmylife.IvisitedmanycountriesinSoutheastAsiaand 34 alotaboutthatpartoftheworld.Therearemanypeoplethatjustdon’t 35 tolivetheirlivesinthe 36 place.Iamoneofthosepeople.Teachingabroad 37 metomovearoundandtravelslowly.Bylivinginacountryandhavinga 38 there,IlearnmuchmoreabouttheculturethanIwouldifI 39 visitedforaweekortwo,andIgetthe 40 tovisitlocationsthatsometimesonlylocalsknowabout.21.A.travelB.changeC.ruleD.save22.A.tiredB.luckyC.afraidD.relaxed23.A.hardB.onlineC.aloneD.abroad24.A.walkB.vacationC.lessonD.picture25.A.increaseB.feelC.satisfyD.express26.A.understandingB.speaking C.lovingD.teaching27.A.earnB.spendC.borrowD.waste28.A.secretlyB.carelesslyC.completelyD.painfully29.A.commonB.differentC.popularD.traditional30.A.languageB.sceneC.lawD.product31.A.askedB.happenedC.learnedD.planned32.A.orB.butC.if D.because33.A.earliestB.darkC.bestD.final34.A.knewB.worriedC.talkedD.forgot35.A.hateB.needC.refuseD.want36.A.wrongB.sameC.dangerousD.safe37.A.requiresB.expectsC.allowsD.warns38.A.friendB.houseC.guideD.job39.A.simplyB.strangelyC.politelyD.crazilyA.right B.skill C.chance D.courage第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Zhangjiajieconsistsofthedistrict___41.___YongdingandcountiesofCiliandSangzhi.AlsowithinitislocatedWulingyuanScenicAreawhich___42.___(name)aUNESCOWorldHeritage(遺產(chǎn))Sitein1992.SeniorexpertsfromUNESCOwereamazedatitsuniquenaturalscenery,nearperfectbiologicalsystem,andcreative___43.___(combine)ofnatureandhumanism.TheWulingyuanScenicandHistoricInterestArea___44.___(make)upoftheZhangjiajieNationalForestPark,theTianzishanmountainranges,BaofenghuandtheSuoxiValleyis___45.___verypopularfilmingandtouristdestination.AlsointheZhangjiajiearea,HuanglongdongandLongwangdongarecavesknownformanynaturalrockformationsand___46.___(they)undergroundcataract(急流).Eachyear,ZhangjiajiehoststheInternationalCountryMusicWeekFestival,___47.___(feature)internationalactssuchasAmericancountrymusicgroupLucyAngel.Thecityhasbuilt12state-leveltouristareas,of___48.___oneis5A-classscenicspotandfoursitesare4A-level.ItattractsvisitorsfromalloverChinaandotherAsia