被動語態(tài)Passivevoice被動語態(tài)基本用法當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。

何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？

一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld．二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：Mybikewasstolen．我的自行車被盜了。Heplantstreesinspring.

主①謂②賓③Trees主③areplanted謂②

byhim

賓①inspring.Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主①謂②賓③Bowls①

arewashed

②byhisbrother

③everyday.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞Shoes①aremade

②(bythem)③inthatfactory.①②

③They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.①②③一般過去時S+was/were+過去分詞①②③Adogbeatmeyesterdayonmywayschool.①③②Iwasbeaten

byadogyesterdayonmywayschool.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.4.They

will

finish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時：S+will+be+過去分詞3．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine

mustbetaken

(byyou)threetimesaday.時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時V(原形)/V(e)sam/is/are+Vpp一般過去時V-ed/madewas/were+Vpp一般將來時will+V(原形)will+be+Vpp含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+V(原形)情態(tài)動詞+be+VppAcleaner

issweeping

thefloornow．Thefloor

isbeingsweeping

byacleanernow．Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.現(xiàn)在進行時：

S+am/is/are+being+過去分詞I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.They

wereplanting

treesat10yesterdaymorning．Trees

werebeingplanting

(by

them)at10yesterdaymorning．過去進行時：

S+was/were+being+過去分詞Gina

hasfinished

thesetasks．Thesetasks

havebeenfinished

byGina.6．We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時：

S+have/has+been+過去分詞各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時：一般過去時：情態(tài)動詞：一般將來時：現(xiàn)在進行時：過去進行時：現(xiàn)在完成時：S+am/is/are+P.PS+was/were+P.P.S+can/may/must/should+be+P.P.S+will+be+P.P.S+am/is/are+being+P.P.S+was/were+being+P.P.

S+have/has+been+P.P.1)Teenagersshould_____(allow)togooutatnight.2)Thetelephone_____(invent)byBell.3)English____(speak)inChina.4)Thecar____(make)inChina.5)Theroommust_____(clean)everyday.

beallowedwasinventedisspoken

ismadebecleaned1.WecallMr.SmithalivingLeiFeng.Mr.Smith_________alivingLeiFeng(byus).2.Tom’sfatherboughthimabook.He_____________abook(byhisfather)Abook_______________him(byhisfather)1.帶雙賓語句子:一般把指人的賓語作為被動句的主語，當把直接賓語物作為主語時，要加介詞to(pass,show,send),for(draw,make,cook,mend)wasboughtiscalledwasboughtfor2.一感（feel）二聽（hear,listento）、三讓（let,make,have）、四看（lookat,see,watch,notice）改被動語態(tài)時,把to加在動詞原形之前Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver.

Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday.Theymadetheboyswork12hoursaday.Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver.3.短語動詞變被動語態(tài)，后面的介詞或副詞不能丟，它們是一個整體takecareof→betakencareofcutdown→becutdownlookafter→belookedafterspeakto→bespokentohandin→behandedinlaughat→belaughedat

4.無被動語態(tài)：1.

appear,die，disappear,end,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace等詞無被動語態(tài)①Thepricehasbeenrisen.

Thepricehasrisen.

Theaccident

happenedlastweek.××②Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.5.主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義①.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等詞主語為物時，Thiskindofpenswritesverysmoothly.Thiskindofshirtssellswellhere.②.be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become等Schooluniformslookgoodonus.Thecakesmellsdelicious.③.want/need/require+doing=want/need/repair+tobedonetobedone表示不定式的被動形式。Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.6.表示"據(jù)說"或"相信"的詞組，由believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understand等組成。Eg：Itissaidthat…據(jù)說Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道

Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itishopedthat…大家希望Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知Itisthoughtthat…大家認為Itissuggestedthat…據(jù)建議Itistakengrantedthat…被視為當然Ithasbeendecidedthat…大家決定

Itmustberememberthat…務(wù)必記住的是1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.

areusedarecleaned3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

weweregivenwere

giventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostof