20232023高二選修八能力學案（實驗班專用）姓名__________班級______學號_______Editor:GuoSirProofreader:GuosirUnit1alandofdiversity重點詞匯用法1.electvt.選舉，推選；選擇,決定做某事n_election___1)TheyelectedTom(as)theirrepresentative.electsb(as)president/leader/Mayeretc2）HewaselectedtoaUSstategovernorship.他被選為美國的一個州長。electsbtosth3)Youcanelecttodeletethemessageorsaveit.你可以選擇刪除或者保存信息。electtodosth【即學即練】Thegovernmentismadeupofmenandwomen_________(elect)bythepeopleofthecountry.2.occurvi.發生；出現__occurred__pt.__occurred___pp.occurrencen.1)Athirdofaccidentaldeathsoccurinthehome.有三分之一的意外死亡事件發生在家里。2)Thecattledisease

occurs

moreorlessanywhereinAfricawherethefly

occurs.在非洲凡是有這種蠅蟲的地方，幾乎都會出現這一牛病。3)occurtosb.（主意或想法突然）浮現于腦中；被想起，被想到Abrilliantideaoccurredtohim,whilehewasdevotedtohisresearchinthelab.當他在實驗室研究的時候，他突然靈光一閃想到了一個絕妙的主意。Itdidn’toccurtohimthathiswifewashavinganaffair.（itoccurstosbthat）他沒想到自己的妻子有婚外情。Itdidnot

occur

tometocheckmyinsurancepolicy.(itoccurstosbtodosth)我沒有想到要核實我的保險單條款。3.indicatev.指出；標示；表明；暗示1)Asurveyofretiredpeoplehas

indicated

thatmostareindependentandenjoyinglife. 對退休人員的調查表明，大部分人都自食其力,享受生活。2)MrRivershas

indicated

thathemayresign.里弗斯先生暗示他可能會辭職。3)Pelhammovedacrossto

indicate

awallchart.佩勒姆走過去指著一張掛圖。4) Thearrowonasignindicatesthewaytogo.標志牌上的箭頭表示道路的去向。5)Hetolduswhento

indicate

andwhentochangegear.他告訴我們何時打轉向燈、何時換擋。4.slipvi.__slipped_(pt.);__slipped_(pp.)n.滑動；滑倒__slip__adj._slippery_1）滑;滑倒Hehadslippedonanicypavement.2）滑落，脫落Ashebentover,thetowelroundhiswaistslipped.他彎腰的時候，系在腰間的毛巾滑了下來。Hewatchedthesunslipdownbehindthemountains.他看著太陽落下山。TheringhadslippedoffJulia’sfinger.戒指從茱莉婭的手指上滑脫了。Callyslippedfromhisgraspandfled.卡利從他手中掙脫逃跑了。3）迅速而悄無聲息地走(到某處);溜(到某處)Amyslippeddownstairsandoutofthehouse.埃米偷偷下樓溜出了房子。Sheslippedintothedrivingseatandclosedthedoor.她溜進了駕駛座，關上了門。4)迅速而不被注意地放置;偷偷塞進

IslippedanoteunderLouise'sdoor.我偷偷在路易斯的房門下面塞了一張便條。Hefoundacoininhispocketandslippeditintohercollectingtin.他摸到口袋里有一枚硬幣，便匆匆丟進她的討錢罐。5)偷偷地給;把…塞給Roberthadslippedheranoteinschool.羅伯特在學校里偷偷地塞給她一張紙條。Shelookedroundbeforepullingoutapackageandslippingittotheman.她四下里看了看，然后拿出一個包裹，偷偷地塞給了這個男人。6)不知不覺地轉入(某種狀態);逐漸陷入(某種情況)

Hehadbeguntoslipintodebt.他開始欠債了。7）下降;下跌

InJune,producerpricesslipped%fromMay.6月的生產價格比5月下降了%。Hispopularityslippedfurtherafteraseriesofscandals.經過一連串丑聞后，他的支持率進一步下降了。8）

迅速輕松地穿上/脫下Sheslippedoutofthejacketandtosseditonthecouch.她麻利地脫下夾克，扔在了沙發上。Islippedoffmywoollengloves.我迅速地脫下了毛絨手套。9）飛逝；過得飛快Thehoursslippedpastalmostunnoticed.時間在不知不覺中溜走了。【拓展】1)Slipyourmind/memory被遺忘，被忘記Thereasonformyvisithadobviouslyslippedhismind.他顯然已經忘掉了我的來意。2）letsthslip無意中說出某事，泄露某事Heletitslipthattheywereplanningtogetmarried.他說漏了嘴，說他們打算要結婚了。IbetheletslipthatI'dgonetoAmerica.我可以打賭，是他走漏了我去了美國的消息。3）letsthslip(throughyourfingers)錯過機會Don’tletachancelikethatslipthroughyourfingers.別錯失這么一個機會！5.hirevt.&n.租用；雇用Thebestwaytoexploretheislandistohireacar.在該島上尋幽訪勝的最好方式就是租用一輛汽車。Noordinaryfamiliescanaffordtohireservants.普通人家雇不起仆人。Therestofthestaffhavebeenhiredonshort-termcontracts.其余的工作人員簽的是短期雇用合同。Acitylawyerhasbeenhiredtohandlethecase.聘請了一位該城市的律師來處理這一案件。【拓展】"Whydon'tyouhireoutyourspareroomtootherpeople,andearnsomemoney?"你為什么不把空閑的房間租給別人來賺些錢呢?reformvt.&vi.改進；改革；（使）改過自新n.改革；改造；改良adj.reformed改革過的，革新的hisplanstoreformthecountry'seconomy.他的國家經濟改革計劃Whenhiscourtcasewascomingup,Jamespromisedtoreform.他的案子即將開審的時候，詹姆斯保證會改過自新。Hehasurgedreformofthewelfaresystem.他極力主張進行福利制度改革。ThereformandopenpolicyhasbroughtusChinesepeoplearichandcolorfullife.改革開放政策給我們中國人民帶來了富裕而多彩的生活。Areformedpartywouldhavetowintheapprovalofthepeople.一個革新的政黨需要贏得人民的認可。7.nowhere=notanywhereadv.無處；到處都無1)Nowhereelseintheworldcantherebesuchaquietbeautifulplace.世界上再也沒有這般恬靜、幽美的地方了。2)Wediscusseditallmorningbutgotnowhere.（沒有進展，沒有結果）=madenoprogressorhadnosuccess.Hewasgettingnowhere(=makingnoprogress)withhishomeworkuntilhissisterhelpedhim.他在姐姐的幫助之下作業才有些進步。Anegativeattitudewillgetyounowhere.消極的態度會讓你一無所獲。3)nowheretobefound/seen:impossibleforanyonetofindorsee哪兒也找不到那筆錢._______________________________4)Thehallwasnowherenearfull.那大廳遠未滿座。【高考鏈接】Weonlyhad$100andthatwas_____tobuyanewcomputer.(2023遼寧)A.nowherenearenoughB.nearenoughnowhereC.enoughnearnowhereD.nearnowhereenoughboomn.（人口、貿易的）繁榮，激增，興旺；隆隆聲;vi.處于經濟迅速發展時期；以低沉而有回響的聲音發出;發出隆隆聲;Aneconomicboomfollowed,especiallyinhousingandconstruction.接著出現了經濟繁榮，尤其是在房地產業和建筑業。The1980swereindeedboomyears.20世紀80年代是真正的繁榮時期。Thestillnessofnightwasbrokenbytheboomofacannon.夜晚的寂靜被隆隆的炮聲打破。By1988theeconomywasbooming.到1988年經濟一直很繁榮。Salesarebooming.銷售額在快速增長。Ithasaboomingtouristindustry.其旅游產業在蓬勃發展。短語用法1.liveon1)Shelivedonformanyyearsafterherhusbanddied.丈夫死后她繼續活了多年。Mozartisdeadbuthismusicliveson.莫扎特人已作古,但他的音樂作品卻萬世流傳.2)Smallbirdslivemainlyoninsects.小鳥主要靠食昆蟲為主。Helivesonasalaryof$500amonth.【拓展】liveupto達到，符合（標準）；履行（諾言）；不辜負（他人的期望）livewith和…一起住；忍受（putupwith,tolerate）livethrough經歷..而幸存【即學即練】1）Thesetraditionswill___________forcenturies.2）He____________bothworldwars.3)Youmightnotlikethesituation,butyou’llhavetolearnto______it.4)Hefailedto________________hisparents’expectations.【高考鏈接】1.Hadshe____herpromise,shewouldhavemadeittoYaleUniversity.A.lookeduptoB.liveduptoC.keptupwithD.comeupwith2.Inmoderntimes,peoplehavetolearnto_____allkindsofpressurealthoughtheyareleadingacomfortablelife.A.keepwithB.staywithC.meetwithD.livewith2.bymeansof_____________【拓展】byallmeans=ofcoursebynomeans決不;一點也不【即學即練】1）-----DoyoumindifIhavealook?-----__________.(當然行)2）Bynomeans____________(他們將屈服)totheterriblecircumstancesatthattimealthoughfacedwithgreatdifficulty.3)Thelocalarmymenhelpedthevictimsoftheearthquake_________rebuildingtheirhouses.3.keepup堅持；維持；沿襲（風俗、傳統等）Ithinkyoushouldkeepupyourcourage/yourgoodwork.我認為你應該鼓足自己的勇氣。Theysangsongstokeeptheirspiritsup.他們唱歌以保持高昂的情緒。【即學即練】經濟繁榮能持續多久？________________________________Theyrefusedto__________________(沿襲舊的傳統)andwantedtoreform.4.takeinThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.Don’tbetakeninbyhischarm---he’scruel.Icouldn’ttakeinthemeaningoftheword.Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.典型句式1.ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.(1)multiculturaladj.multi-多、多方面、多方向的multi-coloured多色的multi-racial多種族的multi-media多媒體multiparty多黨制的(2)havingdone…作狀語,表示這個動作發生在主句動作之前練一練：*Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent___attheendoflastMarch.A．hasbeenlaunchedB．havingbeenlaunchedC．beinglaunchedD．tobelaunched*___inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaitedwerekilledorforcedintoslavery.force…into…強迫…成為、做、進入…(1).Theyforcedhimintosigning(tosign)thepaper.(2).Heforcedhisfeetintohisshoes.(3)Shewasforcedintocrimebycircumstances.她為境遇所迫而犯罪。thefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen.majorityn.大多數…minorityn.少數Themajorityofstudents________hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage_______easytorepair.themajorityof+n.后可用_______，也可用__________,謂語動詞由___________決定。單獨做主語時，若強調整體，謂語動詞用單數，強調個體時，謂語動詞用復數。nearest,andthereforethefirsttoarrive,wereSouthAmericansandpeoplefromtheUnitedStates.當名詞被最高級，序數詞修飾時，可用to不定式作后置定語.Sheisalwaysthefirsttoarriveandthelasttoleave.Autumnisthebestseasontotravel.4.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.(1)Itisbelieved/said/hoped/supposed/suggested/reportedthat…ItisreportedthatsomeEuropeancountriesarefloodedseverely.Itishopedthatthecostofmedicalcarecanbecutdown.(2)mixn.混合，混亂v.混合mixturen.混合物,混合體Wehavetocomeupwithamixofpoliciestopleasethevoters.（折中）Youcanmixyellowandbluetogethertomakegreen.Thedrinkisamixtureof3differentkindsofdrinks.Successisa___ofasharpmindandhardtrainingratherthanjusttalking.A.mixtureB.thoughtC.timeD.action(3)nationality國籍--What’syournationality?--Chinese學以致用Fillintheblanksusingthephrasesbelow.keepupkeepupmakealifebacktobackteamupwithoftheirownapplytosb.markoutbymeansofagreat/goodmany1.Hissonsenthimane-mailsayinghowhewas__________inAustralia.2.Iftwopeoplestand_______________,theystandwiththeirbacksfacingortouchingeachother.3.Thetwocompanieshave___________________toproducenewsoftware.4.I’veknownherfor_____________________years.5.I__________________theConsulateforavis