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九年級全冊Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?語法講解grapen.葡萄centraladj.中心的;中央的mailv.郵寄;
發電子郵件n.郵件;信件nearbyadj.附近的;鄰近的
adv.
在附近;附近e.g.
Doyoulivenearby?Hespokesoftlytoacouplestanding
nearby.pardonme抱歉,對不起;什么,請再說一遍e.g.
Oh,
pardonme.Ididn'tseeyoustandingthere.
Pardonme?Ididn'thearyou.eastadj.東方的;東部的adv.向東;朝東n.東;東方e.g.ShewasbornintheEastbutnowlivesinChengdu.
WedroveeastalongXinjianRoad.Readandcompletethesentences.1.打擾了,你知道我在哪兒能買到藥?
Excuseme,doyouknowwhere_________buysome
medicine?2.當然,順著這條街有個超市。
Sure.There’sasupermarket__________________.3.請你告訴我怎樣到郵局好嗎?
Couldyoupleasetellme_____
_____
gettothepostoffice?Icanhowto
downthestreet4.對不起,我不確定怎樣到那兒。
Sorry,I’mnotsurehowto____________.5.你能告訴我們今晚樂隊什么時候開始演出嗎?
Couldyoutellus______________________playingthis
evening?6.晚上8點開始。
Itstarts______
8:00p.m.7.我想知道接下來我們該去哪兒。
I_______wherewe_________________.8.你應該試試那個新的騎乘項目。
Youshouldtrythat____________overthere.whenthebandstartswondershouldgonextnewridegetthereat
AslongasyoulovemeIdon'tcare____________________
_
__________________AslongasyoulovemewhoyouarewhereyouarefromDon'tcare______________
AslongasyoulovemewhoyouarewhereyouarefromwhatyoudidwhatyoudidListentothesong,andtrytowritedownthemissingsentences.Leadin所填的句子在復合句中用作主句的賓語,我們稱作賓語從句。主S謂V賓02.Whendoesthebandstartplayingthisevening?2.Couldyoutelluswhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?4.Whereshouldwegonext?4.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Whichquestionismorepolite?3.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?3.Howtogettothepostoffice?1.Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?1.WherecanIbuysomemedicine?Politesentencepatterns賓語從句賓語從句的連接詞Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Sorry,I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Itstartsat8:00p.m.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Youshouldtrythatnewrideoverthere.GrammarFocus探究語法規律Whatdidyoufindout?探究一:賓語從句在復合句中充當賓語的從句叫賓語從句,就是用一個句子來構成主句的賓語。看上表格:
探究賓語從句的用法,要從概念、引導詞、主句從句時態以及賓語從句的語序這幾個方面探究。探究一:賓語從句1.概念:什么是賓語從句?(略)第二單元已學,不再重復2.賓語從句的引導詞知識回顧(unit2GrammarFocus)a.Couldyoutell
mewho
heiswaitingfor?b.Ourteachersaid
(that)theearthgoesaroundthesun.c.Idon’tknowif
hewillcometonight.d.Iamthinkingaboutwhat
hesaid.e.Iwonder
if\whether
hewillcome.觀察下列句子,請圈出賓語從句的引導詞。回顧:賓語從句有三類引導詞。1.由that引導的賓語從句,無意義,可省略。如a.句。2.由whether(ornot),if
引導的賓語從句,翻譯為“是否”,不可省略。if/whether可互換,
但whether…ornot為固定搭配.如c.e.句。2.賓語從句的引導詞3.引導詞除了可以用that,whether,if,還可以用where,how,when,who等____________.特殊疑問詞知識拓展:把下列直接引語變成間接引語1.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.2.Shetellsme,“Idon’tlikesports”.
3.“Canyoufinishitbyyourself?”heasks.
4.”Whoishe?”Doyouknow?5.“Canyoufinishitbyyourself?”heasks.
6.“Wheredoeshecomefrom?”heasks.
Hesays_________________________.
Shetellsme_________________________.Heasks__________________________________.Doyouknow__________?Heasks__________________________________.Heasks___________________.(that)Tomisagoodstudent(that)shedoesn’tlikesportsif/whetheryoucanfinishitbyyourselfwho
heisif/whetheryoucanfinishitbyyourselfwhere
hecomesfrom探究一:賓語從句2.賓語從句的引導詞發現:1.直接引語是陳述句轉換成間接引語時,賓語從句用that引導。
that無意義,可以省略。如1.2.句。2.直接引語是一般疑問句或反意疑問句變成間接引語時,賓語從句用if\whether引導。if\whether不能省略。如3.5.句。Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.Hesays________________________.thatTomisagoodstudent.
“TheywillgotovisittheGreatWall,won’tthey?”heasked.
Heasked__________________________________________.if(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall3.直接引語是特殊疑問句變成間接引語時,賓語從句用原來的who\what等特殊疑問詞引導。特殊疑問詞不能省略。如4.6.句。
“Howcanwegettothepostoffice?”Iwonder.Iwonder____________________________.
how
we
cangettothepostoffice探究一:賓語從句2.賓語從句的引導詞疑問詞引導的賓語從句疑問詞what,who,whom,whose,which,when,where,how,why可引導賓語從句,它們在從句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語或狀語等。Idon’tknowwhowillteachuschemistry.(作主語)IwonderwhatIneedtopreparenext.(作賓語)Wewonderwhosethiscaris.(作表語)
CouldyoutellmewhichbusIcantaketotheartmuseum?(作定語)注意:當疑問代詞在賓語從句中作主語時,賓語從句語序不變;另外含有賓語從句的句子的句末標點由主句決定。Canyoutellmewhenshewillbeback?Hedidn’tknowhowhecouldgetthere.探究一:賓語從句2.賓語從句的引導詞知識回顧注意:一般情況下,whether與if可以互換,但有些情況例外.1.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.2.Itdepends
onwhetheritisgoingtorain.3.Hewonderedwhether
tostay
herethenextweek.4.Whetherhewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whetherif在賓語從句和條件狀語從句的區別.Idon'tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I'llstayathome.是否用于賓語從句如果用于條件狀語從句主將從現鞏固練習1.Idon’tknow_______heisdoing.2.Iwonder_____Alicestudiessohard.3.Iremember______hegavemeabookyesterday.4.Iwonder_____hecomeswithustomorrow.5.Wewanttoknow
________thebandstartsplayingthisevening.6.Doyouknow________willgiveareport?7.Iamnotsure________teamwillwinthematch.根據句意選擇正確的引導詞填空。what,which,why,when,if,that,whowhatwhythatifwhenwhowhich探究一:賓語從句3.賓語從句的時態觀察下列句子,根據句意用所給動詞的適當時態填空。Ihear(that)Jim______(be)
aworkertwoyearsago.Jim____(be)anEnglishteachernow.
Jim_________(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim_________(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim_________(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim__________(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplaying發現:當主句是一般現在時,賓語從句的時態不作限制,我們可以根據句子的需要使用任何一種時態。需要性原則主現從不限探究一:賓語從句3.賓語從句的時態1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heis
sick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinished
hiswork.HesaidHe_________toHongKong.he_____sick.he___________abook.He___________hiswork.將下列句子放在賓語從句的位置,用動詞的適當時態填空。wouldgo
waswasreading
hadfinished
發現:當主句是一般過去時的時候,賓語從句必須運用相應的過去時態,從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。呼應性原則主過從也過探究一:賓語從句3.賓語從句的時態注意:當賓語從句表達的是客觀事實(真理、自然現象、名言、警句、諺語等)的時候,其時態不受主句的影響,仍是用一般現在時態。觀察下列句子,根據句意用所給動詞的適當時態填空。真理永現在Lisasaidlight_______(travel)fasterthansound.
Hesaidtime____(be)money.Theteachertold
thestudentsthatpractice______(make)perfect.
Mymothertoldme(that)theearth______(go)aroundthesun.
ismakestravelsgoesCouldyoutellmewherehe_______?(live)Wouldyoupleasetellmewherethebank____(be)?could/would是委婉語氣,而不是過去式,因此賓語從句的時態根據實際情況用不同時態。livesiscould表示委婉語氣探究一:賓語從句4.賓語從句的語序觀察與發現:WhendidheleaveforJapan?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmewhen
heleftforJapan?陳述語序WherecanIbuysomemedicine?Doyouknow...Doyouknowwhere
Icanbuysomemedicine?
陳述語序When
doesthebandstartplayingthisevening?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme
when
thebandstartsplayingthisevening?陳述語序一般疑問句語序一般疑問句語序一般疑問句語序發現:在特殊疑問詞引導的賓語從句中,特殊疑問詞后面用_____________.陳述句語序鞏固練習將下列句子合并為一句:1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.3.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.4.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?5.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?6.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.
Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Sorry,I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Itstartsat8:00p.m.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Youshouldtrythatnewrideoverthere.GrammarFocus探究語法規律Whatdidyoufindout?
探究二:疑問詞+不定式當賓語從句中的主語與主句的主語或賓語一致時,可使用“疑問詞+動詞不定式(短語)”結構對從句進行改寫。如:Ireallydon’tknowwhichbookIshouldbuy.=Ireallydon’tknowwhichbooktobuy.CanyoutellmewhereIcangetadictionary?=Canyoutellmewheretogetadictionary?含有賓語從句的復合句與簡單句的轉換(1)若主句的主語和從句的主語一致,可以將疑問詞引導的賓語從句轉化為“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結構。Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=whattodo(2)若主句的謂語動詞是hope,agree,wish等,且主句的主語和從句的主語一致時,可以將that引導的賓語從句轉化為動詞不定式結構。Shehopesthatshecangetgoodgrades.=toget(3)若主句的謂語動詞是see,hear,watch,notice等時,其后由that引導的賓語從句可以轉化為“賓語+賓語補足語(動詞原形/動詞-ing形式)”。Iheardthattwogirlsweresinginginthenextroom.=twogirlssinging探究二:疑問詞+不定式賓語從句與動詞不定式轉化
Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhat________next.2.IwonderwhenweshallleaveforNanjing.=Iwonder_________________forNanjing.3.Idon’tknowhowIcandealwiththeproblem.=Idon’tknow______________withtheproblem.4.Hehasnoideaifheshouldjointheclub.=Hehasnoidea___________________theclub.
todo
whentoleave
howtodealweathertojoin5.Ihaven’tdecidedwhereIwillgo=Ihaven’tdecided__________.6.HeaskedmewhatIbought=Heaskedme__________.wheretogowhattobuyExcuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Sorry,I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Itstartsat8:00p.m.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Youshouldtrythatnewrideoverthere.GrammarFocus探究賓語從句與委婉語氣Whatdidyoufindout?探究三:賓語從句與委婉語氣比較下面兩個句子:WherecanIbuysomemedicine?Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Whichsentenceismorepolite?發現:往往含有賓語從句的復合句在表達請求時語氣比較委婉。探究四:賓語從句否定轉移
Ithink,“sheisn’tclever.”(否定句)=I_____think__________clever.don’tsheis主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來。Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.我認為他將不和你一起來。附連詞if和when在賓語從句和狀語從句中的區別1.Doyouknowifit_____tomorrow?Ifit_____,wewon’tgotothepark.A.rains,willrainB.rains,rainsC.willrain,rainsD.willrain,willrainC2.Idon’tknowwhenhe_________(come).Ican’twaithereanymore.Whenhe_______(come),pleaseaskhimtocallme.willcomecomesLookatthesentences.Arethesequestionspoliteorimpolite?Doyouthinkthesequestionsaremorelikelyaskedbetweenfriendsorbetweenstrangers?1.WherecanIbuysomegrapesorotherfruit?2.HowdoesthisCDplayerwork?3.HowdoIgettotheCentralLibrary?4.IstheItalianrestaurantnearbyopenonMondays?Rewritethequestionstomakethemmorepolite.4a
WherecanIbuysomegrapesorotherfruits?2.HowdoesthisCDplayerwork?3.HowdoIgettotheCentralLibrary?4.IstheItalianrestaurantnearbyopenonMondays?CouldyoutellmewhereIcanbuysomegrapesorotherfruits?CouldyoutellmehowthisCDplayerworks?Couldyoutellmehow
togettotheCentralLibrary?CouldyoutellmewhethertheItalianrestaurantnearbyisopenonMondaysornot?Whatshouldeachpersonaskinthefollowingsituations?1.Timisveryhungry.CouldyoutellmewhereIcangetsomethingtoeat?Excuseme,canyoutellmehowIcangettoanearbyrestaurant?Pardonme,doyouknowifthereisarestaurantaroundhere?4b2.Sallyneedstomailaletter.Excuseme,canyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis?Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Pardonme,wouldyoumindtellingmehowtogettothepostoffice?CouldyoutellmewhereIcanmailaletter?3.Helenneedstoknowwhenthebikeshopcloses.Couldyoutellmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Excuseme,canyoutellmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Pardonme,Iwonderwhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?4.Beniswonderingifthere’sabankintheshoppingcenter.Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmeifthere’sabankintheshoppingcenter?Couldyoupleasetellmewherethebankisintheshoppingcenter?Pardonme,Iwonderifthereisabankintheshoppingcenter.Writefourquestionsthatatouristmightaskaboutyourtown/city.Thenrole-playconversationswithyourpartner.A:Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewherethenearestbankis?B:Sure.Yougoeastalongthisstreet...1.
Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmeifthere’sarestaurantaroundhere?2.
Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?4c3.
Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmeifthereisabusstoparoundhere?4.
Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettoahotel?5.
Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewhereisthefamouspark?1.—Couldyoupleasetellme________abouttheCCTVHostCompetition?
—Let’scheckitoncomputers.A.howcanIgettheinformationB.howIcangettheinformationC.whycanIgettheinformationD.whyIcangettheinformation(2020云南)B2.
—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme_________?—OK.Godownthestreetandyouwillfinditontheleft.A.howIcangettothezoo
B.howcanIgettothezoo
C.whenIcangettothezoo(2020吉林)A3.—Lily,couldyoutellme________?
—Abouttenminutes.A.howfarisitfromyourhometoschoolB.howfaritisfromyourhometoschoolC.howlongdoesittakeyoutowalktoschoolD.howlongittakesyoutowalktoschool
(2020山東青島)D4.Iwondered_______.A.whichwaywasthewindblowing B.whichoneisthemostconvenientC.whichofthehousesdidyoulivein D.whichschoolitwasyouwentto(2020湖北武漢)D1)Wehaven'tdecided_______.(2021遼寧盤錦)A.thatwewillrepairourhouseB.whendidwegotothepartyC.wherewewentonvacationD.whetherwewillkeepapetD2)—Acelebrationforthe100thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheCPC(中國共產黨)willbeheld,andI'mwondering_______.—Let'shaveadiscussionaboutitthisafternoon.
(2021江蘇南通)A.howwillwegetthereB.whichclubswilltakepartC.whatwecoulddoforit
D.whethercanwedosomethingforitC3)—Areyoulookingforwardtothepicnictomorrow?I'mwondering_______.—Let'smakeitathalfpast6.(2021遼寧營口)A.wherewillwehaveapicnic
B.whatwewilldoandsee C.howwillweclimbupthemountain
D.whenwewillmeetattheschoolgateD4)—Couldyoutellme_______forthecomingholidays?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.(2021湖北鄂州)A.whereareyougoingB.whereyougoC.whereyouaregoingD.whereyouwent5)—Hi,Shirley!Couldyoutellme_______?
—Sure.Iusuallygotoworkat7:00am.(2021廣西柳州)
A.whendoyougotowork
B.howyougotowork
C.whenyougotoworkCA1.Excuseme,canyoutellmewheretherailwaystationis?打擾一下,請問火車站在哪兒?2.Excuseme,butcanyoutellmethewaytothetrainstation?
勞駕,請問去火車站怎么走?3.Excuseme,couldyoutellmewhichisthewaytothenearesthospital?
勞駕,請問去最近的醫院怎么走?問路的常用表達4.Excuseme,wouldyoupleaseshowmethewaytothepostoffice?
請告訴我去郵局怎么走好嗎?
5.Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmethewaytothepolicestation?
勞駕,請告訴我去警察局怎么走好嗎?6.Excuseme,howcanIgettoNo.1MiddleSchool?
勞駕,請問去一中怎么走?7.Excuseme,isthistherightwaytothePeople’sPark?
打擾了,請問去人民公園走這條路對嗎?9.Excuseme.DoyouknowhowIcangettoQiaotouMiddleSchool?=Excuseme.DoyouknowhowtogettoQiaotouMiddleSchool?
請問,你知道怎樣去橋頭中學嗎?8.Excuseme.CouldyoutellmeifthereisaQiaotouMiddleSchoolnearhere?
打擾了,請問橋頭中學是否在這附近?1.
問路時首先:“Excuseme.”可以引起對方的注意,不失禮貌。2.
當沒聽清時,可以說“Excuseme,wouldyoupleasesayitagain?”或“Ibegyourpardon?”禮貌地要求重復一遍。that(陳述句)
if/whether(一般疑問句)
who;whom;whose;which;what;when;where;why;how(特殊疑問句)
主句為一般現在時,從句可以是任何時態
主句為一般過去時,從句進行相應的過去變化
客觀真理,自然現象等,不變語序陳述語序賓語從句三要素連接詞時態I.根據提示完成句子。1.能告訴我剛才他們在討論什么嗎?
Couldyoutellme_________________________amomentago?2.—打擾一下,能否告訴我飛機何時到達北京?
—大概8點。
—Excuseme,canyoutellme__________________________________?
—Atabout8o’clock.whattheyweretalkingaboutwhattimetheplanewillreachBeijing3.—可否告訴我在中國人們怎么慶祝端午節的?
—當然。人們常去觀賞龍舟賽,吃粽子。—Couldyoutellme___________________theDragonBoatFestivalinChina?—Sure.Peopleusuallywatchthedragonboatracesandeatzongzi.4.—知道我的字典在哪兒嗎?
—知道啊,就在你桌子上放著呢。
—Doyouknow___________________?
—Yes.It’sonyourtable.howpeoplecelebratewheremydictionaryis5.—您可否告訴我您什么時候看見這個孩子的?
—大概二十分鐘以前吧。
—Couldyoupleasetellme_____________________?
—Abouttwentyminutesago.6.他們明天是不是要去北京,
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