北京地區(qū)2012年5月本科學(xué)位英語(yǔ)試題及答案PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedsomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheet。Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:ThemostfamouscollectionsoffairytalesaretheonesbyJakobandWilhelmGrimm.TheGrimmspublishedtheirfirstfairy-talecollectionin1812.TheydisappearingGermanfolkculture.Theirfirstedition(版本)wasascholarlybookthatcarefullyrecordedtheoraltales.Theyweresurprisedwhensomeoftheirearlyreaderssuggestedthatthestoriesmightbeinterestingtochildren。ButtheGrimmsneededmoney.Theyhadmadeabaddealwiththeirpublisherandreceivedlittlepaymentfortheirfirstbook.AtonepointWilhelmcomplainedtherewasn'tachairinhishouseonecouldsitonwithoutworryingitwouldbreak.Sohetookthehintandsettoworktomakeabookthatwouldbesuitableforchildren.Heselectedafewofthetales,madethemmuchlonger,andpolishedupthelanguage.Hedidn'taddmorals,buthedidslipincharacterjudgmentsandmoralizingcommentswhereverhecould。TheGrimms'fairytalesalsohaveonecharacteristicthatwouldseemtomakethemunsuitableforchildren.Manyofthemincludeviolentincidents.In“HanselandGretel”eatenbyawolf.Whenherevisedthetalesforchildren,WilhelmGrimmretainedtheviolence.Infact,hesometimesevenrampeditup.Forexample,inthefirstedition,theoneintendedforchildren,thatherbirdspeck(啄)outtheireyes。Why,then,havetheGrimms'fairytalesbecomeclassicofchildren'sliterature,somuchsothatitishardtoimagineachildwhodoesn'tknowCinderella'sstoryorSnowWhite's?Oneansweristhatonlyafewofthetalessurvivedintomoderntimes.ThefirsteditionoftheGrimms'fairytaleshad210tales.By1825itwasdownto50.Andtadayonlyadozenorsoofthetalesareoftenreprintedinchildren'scollections。(76)Butthedeeperansweristhatthetalesthathavelastedaremagicaladventuresthathelpchildrendealwiththestrugglesandfearsoftheireverydaylives。WhydidWilhelmGrimmsetouttoadapthisbookforchildren?Todealwithreaders'complaints。Toimprovehisfinancialsituation。Attherequestofhispublisher。Topreservetheancientstoriesinprint。Whenrevisingthefairytales,WilhelmdidallofthefollowingEXCEPT。addingcharacterjudgments.B.makingthetalesmuchlongerC.deletingtheviolentscenesD.polishingupthelanguageWhatdoestheexpression“rampeditup”inParagraph3probabylmean?StartedB.AllowedC.ClassifiedD.IncreasedWhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheGrimms'fairytalesisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Theywereoriginallyintendedtobechildren'sstories。Generallyspeaking,thetalesthathaveenduredcanhelpchildrendealwiththechallengeslifebringtothem。Alargenumberofthetalesmadeittothemodernage。Theyarelessviolentthanthechildren'sstoriesbeingwrittentoday。Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?Historyoffairytales。Waystopreservetheoraltradition。TheGrimms'fairytales。D.Violenceinfairytales。Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Astheschoolyearkicksoff,parentsareonceagainstrugglingtocajole哄(騙)and,ifneedbe,dragtheirexhaustedteensoutofbed,Thatimagemaymakeyoulaugh,butlackofsleepisnojoke.(77)Teenagerswhodon'tgetenoughresthavemorelearning,health,behaviorandmoodproblemsthanstudentswhogetatleastninehoursanight.Long-termlackofsleeoistiedtoheartdisease,overweight,depressionandashortenedlife.Lackofsleepcanbeespeciallydeadlyforteens;caraccidentsaretheleadingcauseofdeathamongteenagers,andsafetyexpertsbelievesleepydrivingisamajorfactor。Unfortunately,fewteenagersgetthesleeptheyneed.Inasurveyofmiddle-andhigh-schoolstudents,UniversityofColoradoresearchersfoundthat82percentsaidtheywokeuptiedandunrefreshed,andmorethanhalfhadtroubleconcentratingduringthedayatleastonceaweek。Blamemultitaskingforsomeofthis.Manystudentsarejugglingafter-schoolactivities,homeworkandpart-timejobs.Evenwhentheymanagetofulfilltheseobligationsbyareasonablehour,television,theinternet,videogames,phonecallsandtextmessagetofriendsoftenkeepthemawakedeepintothenight.Takingsodaandenergydrinkslateinthedayandgoingtolate-nightpartiesonweekendsaddtosleepformostteenstofallasleepbefore11pm.Classusuallybeingsbefore8:15am,withmanyhighschoolsstartingasweendstocatchup,makingitevenhardertofallasleeponSundaynightandwakeupMondaymorning.Playingcatch-uponweekendsalsodoesn'thelpteensstayrefreshedwhentheneeditmost:duringtheweekatschool。Sincethe1990s,middleandhighschoolinmorethantwodozenstateshaveexperimentedwithlaterschoolstarttimes.(78)Theresultshavebeenencouraging:moresleep,increasedattendance,bettergradesandfewerdrivingaccidents.Butmostschoolstillstartearly,meaningteenshavetheirworkcutoutforthemiftheywanttogetenoughsleep。Accordingtothepassage,poorsleepcanbelinkedtoallofthefollowingEXCEPT。heartdiseaseB.caraccidentsC.skinproblemsD.poorconcentrationThemainideaofParagraph3is。howsleepdeprivation(缺乏)canbetreatedwhatcausessleepdeprivationwhoismostatriskforsleepdeprivationwhysleepdeprivationisaseriousconcernWhatdoestheword“juggling”inParagragph3probablymean?DealingwithatthesametimeStrikingabalancebetweenWeekendcatch-upsleepHealthydietWhichofthefollowingisNOTtobalmeforteenager'lackofsleep?MultitaskingB.StrikingabalancebetweenC.Weekendcatch-upsleepD.HealthydietAccordingtothepassage,whathavesomeschooldonetohelptheirstudentsgetenoughsleep?EducatingtheirstudentsabouttheimportanceofsleepMonitoringtheirstudents'late-nightactivitiesDelayingschoolstarttimesSettingstrictrules。Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Asanymiddle-classparentknows,unpaidworkexperiencecangiveyoungstersavaluableintroductiontoasecurejob.Thegovernmenthasrecognizedittoo,abandoningrulesin2011thathadformerlystopped16-to24-years-oldsfromdoingunpaidworkwhileclaimingunemploymentbenefit.Butmovingfromthattoforcingthemtoworkwithoutpayinordertocollectthesebenefitshasprovedabigstep。(79)MorethanonemillionyoungpeopleinBritainareunemployed,thehighestnumbersincethemid-1980s.Keenbothtocutthewelfarebillandtoavoidthedepressedfuturewagesthatmayresultfromearlyunemployment,thegovernmenthasimpressedfuturewagesthatmayresultfromearlyunemployment,thegovernmenthasintroducedanambitiousprogramofreformtogetyoungstersoffwelfareandintowork.Akeypartofitisensuringthatnoonegetsbenefitfromthegovernmentforlong;ministersarekeentoavoidwhathappenedaftertheearly-1980srecession(衰退)，whenunemploymentcontinuedinsomepartsofthecountryforalongtimeaftertheeconomybegantoimprove。Tohelpyoungpeopleintowork,ministershadpersuadedlotsofemployers,includingbakerychains,bookshops,andsupermarkets,totakeonunemployedyouths,whoreceiveworkexperiencebutnopay,withtheprospectofproperjobforthosewhoshine.(80)Some35,000youngstersparticipatedlastyear;halffoundpaidworksoonafterfinishingthescheme。Theideaofgettingyoungadultsusedtoshowingupforworkispopularwithvoters:accordingtoasurveypublishedinFebruary,about60%ofpeoplesupporttheprogram.Equallyattractivewastheoptionofcompellingthemtowork:undertheexistingarrangementsyoungsterscouldchoosewhetherornottoacceptaplace,butiftheydroppedputaftertheendofthefirstweek,theystoodtoloseuptotwoweeks'benefits。Yettheschemehasalsopolarized(兩極分化的)opinion:athirdofpeopleareconsistentlyopposed.Followinganoisy“RighttoWork”campaignthataccusedemployersofco-operatingsecretlywiththisfromgettingworse,ChrisGrayling,anemploymentminister,admittedthatyoungpeoplecouldleavetheirworkexperienceatanytimewithoutbeingpunishedfordoingso.Thisnotonlyhaltedtheflightofemployers(fornow,atleast)butalsoenabledhimtoannouncethatnewfirmshaveagreedtotakepartintheprogram。.Accordingtothepassage,youngpeopleinBritain。areusedtoshowingupforworkvalueunpaidworkverymucharealwaysopposedtounpaidworkcouldlearnsomethingaboutjobsecuritythroughunpaidworkAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Mostvoterssupportthegovernment'sefforttohelpyoungpeopletoworkSomepeopleprotestagainstthegovernment'sattempttoforceyoungpeopletoworkTherearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhotookpartintheprogramD.TherearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhoarejoblessAccordingtotheauthor,theBritishgovernmentistryingto。A.punishyoungpeopleiftheyarenotcooperatingwithitreformtheunemployedyoungsterstheeconomicslowdownreducewelfarespendingTheword“shine”inParagraph3means“”。A.dowellB.reflectlightC.lookhappyD.producelightWhichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.EnjoyWorkWithoutPayCanWork,Won'tWorkShouldWork,Shouldn'tPlayHateWorkorLoveWorkPartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)Directions:Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicemarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。PleasegiveJimtheschedulefortomorrow'sconferencewhenheback.Heistochairtheconference。A.willcomeB.comeC.comesD.camefiveminutesearlier,youwouldnothavemissedthelasttrainforShanghai,butyouwerelate。A.HadyoucomeB.DoyoucomeC.DidyoucomeD.ShouldyoucomeAfterheworkedoutthesolution,appearedasmileonhisface。A.itB.hereC.whatD.theretheformerpresident'ssupporterswentoutinstreetstoexpresstheirangeranddissatisfactionA.AsmallamountofB.AlargenumberofC.AlittlebitofD.AgreatdealofTobehonest,today'sdinnerwasjustso-so.Itwasn'tsuchagoodonepromisedbytheboss。A.thatB.whichC.asD.whatSomanypeople,themeetinghadtobeputoff。A.beingabsentB.tobeabsentC.wereabsentD.hadbeenabsentWeoftenadvisehimnottodrinkmoreisgoodforhishealthA.asB.thatC.thanD.butDidCharlesvoteinthelastelection?No,hewasn'tA.enougholdthenB.thenenougholdC.olethenenoughD.oldenoughthenBynomeanslookdownonthosewhoarelessluckyinlifethanweare/A.weshouldB.shouldweC.weshouldnotD.shouldwenotHedidn'tfeellikethatdaysohestayedindoorsreading。A.workingB.worksC.toworkD.workedNosoonerhadwestartedontheroaditbegantorain。A.whenB.thanC.thenD.wheneverHedecidetogoforasailingholidaythefactthathewasusuallySeasick（暈船）A.becauseofB.inspiteofC.incaseofD.asaresultofWhatyoudoinyoursparetimeisyourown.HoweveritshouldnotbeharmfultoothersA.businessB.purchaseC.bargainD.saleAsagardener,JimhastowatertheflowersandthegrassinthegardeneverymorningA.trimB.improveC.refineD.repairThefiremenarestillthesmallfiresstartedbytheplanecrash。A.takingoffB.settingasideC.gettingalongwithD.puttingoutHedidn'tliveuptohadbeenexpectedofhim。A.thatB.whatC.whichD.allTheoldcoupledecidedto___aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreeoftheirown。A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adoptTherelationshipbetweenemployersandemployeeshasbeenstudied。A,originallyB.extremelyC.violentlyD.intensivelyThecarhalfwayfornoreasonA.brokeoffB.brokedownC.brokeupD.brokeoutThepolicethathecommittedaseriesofcrimesinthenorthofthecityA.swelledB.submittedC.surveyedD.suspectedThemangerlosthisjustbecausehissecretarywastenminuteslateA.moodB.temperC.mindD.passionWegaveoutacheerwhentheredroofofthecottagecameviewA.fromB.inC.beforeD.intoIhavekeptthatportraitIcanseeiteveryday,asitalwaysremindsmeofmyuniversitydaysinLondonA.whichB.whereC.whetherD.intoTheroomisinaterriblemess;itcleaned。A.Can'thavebeenB.mustn'thavebeenC.shouldn'thavebeenD.wouldn'thavebeenYouseethelightningithappens,BUTyouhearthethunderlater。

A.theinstantC.ontheinstantA.theinstantC.ontheinstantforaninstantinaninstantitornot,hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcirclesA.BelieveB.TobelieveBelievingD.BelievedThemedicineisonsaleeverywhere.Youcangetitatchemist'sA.otherB.someC.certainD.anyYourhairwants.You'dbetterhaveitdonetomorrowA.cutB.tocutC.cuttingD.beingcutIdon'tthinkitadvisablethatTomtothejobsincehehasnoexperienceA.beassignedB.willbeassignedC.isassignedD.hasbeenassignedThegoalshehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohimA.afterwhichB.withwhichC.forwhichD.atwhichPartIIIIdentification(10%)Directions:EachofthefollowingsentencehasfourunderlinepartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet4目.Thesungivesoff1ighlandwarith,thatniaiesit.possiblsforpantsto?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zHBCD*17.Sandpaiutxug扛包乞aJ■蠱口Galled,dryqxpaintingaa記遼pr目Krticud.byseveialABCA?L&H：Luan.Indianartists?D-4S.￡!口1崔*:馭main'am:nal5:蘭亡a沁:了g工aamottvABCDtemperamre.nre?ofe7iam:n.atcm5-and［口!旳了嚴(yán)吒弧over._vecana^.rekAfera翟力;>ABCDTh?taLertofthenvinswnenttosearchforthe旳吐picture誦fiyhiuhipbssti-inABCDlodayHn^vspaperil丁hjyare~goicimmiuirtheto訶曲工冷已羽:竄上utr忙finintheofficeE&mcinG^：AaCD圖示ABCD53._In_already5tfnow.Don'iyou.tfiinX疋蟲(chóng)atMHiriimt砧蛙arcgoittghotnt?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zABCD54Despitethewenderfulactioa^ndwejbdev逛aiKdol科thrthre&iiDU7bnwiecould,nethoidASCU磁臨切加U:?PecpieapprecLate:ojiave-.wrMvc:iihmi應(yīng)匹匚liehai爼EE（fl亡of址宓A(chǔ)BCD圖示PartWCLOZE（10%）BythetimeIfinishedhighschool,myinterestinanimalshadgrown,andenrolledatauniversitytostudybiology.Ilearnedsoonenoughthatstudyinganimals__56__thislevelwasnotintheanimalsbest57.Irememberonemidtermexamin58eachstudentwashandedalarge,freshly-killedfrogand__59todissect（解剖）andmarkasetofbodyparts.Ilookedatthe60froginfrontofmeandwassaddenedthatherlifewas61awayforsuchaslight62.Ayearlater,inthesamelab__63Idissectedthefrog,Iperformedasmallactofanimal64.Wewere65onfruitflies,anditwastimetorecordthedistributionofcharacteristicsintheirnextgeneration.Flieswere66insmallplasticbottles.Countingthenumberofflieswithwhiteorredeyesrequiredfirstexposingthemtoether（乙醚）67theycouldnotmove.Theflieswerethenspreadontoapieceofwhitepaper68andcounted.Whenthedatacollectionwas69,theflieshadnofurtheruse,andourinstructionswereto70themintoasmallglassdishofoilatthecenterofeachdesk,whichwastobetheirfinalresting71.Oncemaylittlepileofflieshadbeencounted,Ipushedthemoffthee