第一章船舶動力裝置0001“BeforedisconnectingtheOilpipe，wouldyouflushtheoilretainedinthepipe_______?”askedtheoilbargeowner．0001BA．byusingoffreshwater（用淡水）B．withcompressedair（用壓縮空氣）C．byusingOfseawater（用海水）D．withchemicalcompound（用化學混合物）油駁主人問：“在拆開油管前，你能否用壓縮空氣吹出保留在管路中的油呢？”加油結束后，在拆卸油管前，一般用壓縮空氣吹洗殘留在軟管內的油。0002“Standbyanengine”means_____?！鞍l動機備車”意“使發動機準備起動”。A．“preparetostoptheengine”（準備停止主機）B．“assembleanengineonitsbedplate”（在機座上裝配主機）C．“makeanenginereadyforstarting”（使主機準備好以便起動）D．“dismantleanengine”（解體主機）0002C0003A_______isthefoundationoftheengine，withoutthesupportofwhichtheshaftalignmentinparticular，andenginestructureaswhole，wouldinevitablybelost．（機座是柴油機的基本，沒有它的支撐柴油機整機結構的精確的軸線對中將會失去）A．Frame（機架）B．Bedplate（機座）C.Cylinder（汽缸）D．Liner（缸套）“機座”是發動機的基礎。0003B0004_______arecommonlyusedinmechanical-hydraulicgovernortosenseenginespeeds．（在機械—液壓式調速器中，飛重常被用來感應主機轉速）A．Bulbs（n.鱗莖,球形物）B．Bulks（n.大小,體積,大批,大多數,散裝）C．Flyweights（飛重）D．Flywheels（飛輪、調速輪）在機械一液壓式調速器中，感受發動機速度的部件是“飛重”。0004C0005_______aregenerallyformedintheframeofthebothin-lineandVeeenginestogivemaintenanceaccesstothecrankshaftmainandconnectingrodlargeendbeading．在直列和V型柴油機中，道門通常是被裝來提供維修曲軸主軸承和連桿大端軸承的通道。A．Doors（道門）B．Aspirategauzer（吸氣濾網）C．Coupling（法蘭）D．Blind（盲板）直列式和Ｖ型發動機的機架上一般都有維修通道(導門)。0005A0006______arrangementshavelowtemperatureandhightemperatureexhaustgaspassingthroughadjacentports，causingtemperaturedifferentialproblemsforthelinermaterial?；亓鲯邭馐讲贾糜械蜏睾透邷貧饬魍ㄟ^鄰近的氣口，使缸套金屬產生溫差問題A．Loopscavenge（回流掃氣）B．Crossscavenge（橫流掃氣）C．Uniflowscavenge（直流掃氣）D．Supercharge（增壓）回流掃氣中，掃氣空氣(溫度較低)和廢氣(溫度較高)經過相鄰的氣口。0006A0007______becameoval，itshouldbemachined．十字頭銷變成橢圓形,它需要光車。A．Theupperhalfofcross-headbearing十字頭軸承上瓦B．thecross-headpin十字頭銷C．Thecross-headbearing十字頭軸承D．Thecross-headguideplate十字頭導板0007B0008______deviceisprovidedtopreventstartingairfrombeingadmittedtothecylinderbeforethereversingiscompleted．一個聯鎖裝置用來防止在盤車結束前允許起動空氣進入氣缸聯鎖裝置可用來防止在發動機換向完成前啟動空氣進入到氣缸。A．Anautomatic（n.自動機械adj.自動的,無意識的,機械的）B．Atransmission（n.播送,發射,傳動,傳送,傳輸,轉播）C．Aself-regulating（自動調節）D．Aninterlocking（.聯鎖的）0008D0009_____fueloils_____lubricatingoilsrequiretreatmentbeforepassingtotheengine．在進入主機前燃油和滑油均需進行處理。(燃油和滑油在進入發動機之前，都需要經過處理。)0009AA．Both／and（兩者都)B．Neither／nor.兩者都不C．Either／or(只能二選一的)D．Both／or(沒此搭配）0010_____issometimesusedforpistoncoolingsinceleaksintothecrankcasewouldnotcauseproblems．潤滑油有時用來冷卻活塞，因為它漏泄到曲軸箱不會產生問題0010C滑油用作活塞冷卻的一個好處是漏到曲柄箱不會產生污染問題。A．Dieseloil（柴油）B．HydraulicOil（液壓油,水力(系統用)油）C．Lubeoil（.潤滑油）D．Mineraloil（礦物油）0011_______istheremovalofexhaustgasesbyblowinginfreshair．掃氣是通過鼓進新鮮空氣而清除廢氣。(通過吹人新鮮空氣去除廢氣的過程叫“掃氣”。A項意“氣體交換”；B項意“充氣”)Ｄ項意“增壓”。A．Gasexchange（交換氣體）B．Charging（.裝料,爐料或增壓）C．Scavenging（掃氣）D．Supercharging（增壓）0011C0012_______isusedforcylinderandcylinderhead，thesaltwaterisusedforcoolingthelubricatingoil，thefreshwaterinthecoolersandthechargingairintheaircooler．淡水用來冷卻汽缸和氣缸蓋，海水用來冷卻滑油，淡水在冷卻器里，增壓空氣在空氣冷器中A．Thefueloil（燃油）B．Thelubeoil（滑油）C．Theseawater（海水）D．Thefreshwater（淡水）用作氣缸和氣缸頭冷卻的是淡水。0012D0013_______maybethefirstpossiblecausewhichmakestheenginetolosepowerorslowdownwhenitisrunning．當柴油機運行時，軸承發熱是引起柴油機功率損失或轉速下降先要的可能原因(發動機運行過程中功率下降或失速的第一可能原因是軸承過熱。)A．Hotbearing（軸承發熱）B．Startingvalves（起動閥）C．Unequaldistributionofload（負荷分荷環均勻）D．Excessivecrankshaftclearance（軸承間隙過大）0013A0014_______ofanenginecrankshaftcanbedetectedbymeasuringdetectionsofcrankwebsforeachunitoftheengine．柴油機軸線失中情況可通過測量柴油機曲軸各個單位曲柄不同位置的臂距值進行判斷。(發動機曲軸失中可以通過測量臂距差來判斷。)A．Misalignment失中B．length（n.長度,長,時間的長短,[語]音長）0014AC．Strength（n.力,力量,力氣,實力,兵力,濃度）D．Stresses（n.重壓,逼迫,壓力,重點,著重,強調,重音）vt.著重,強調,重讀0015_______oftheA-framesthereisastrongcastironframecalledthescavengingairbox．在A-型機架的頂部有一個稱為掃氣箱的堅固的鑄鐵結構(發動機A字架的頂部有掃氣箱。)A．Atthetop（在頂部）B．Atthebottom（在底部）0015AC．Inthetop（無此結構）D．Inthebottom（無此結構）0016_______pistonshavelowinertiaandhighcoefficientofthermalexpansion鋁活塞具有慣性低和熱膨脹系數高的（特點）。(鋁質活塞具有慣性小(重量輕)、熱膨脹系數大的特點。)A．Castiron（n.鑄鐵,鍛鐵）B．Caststeel（坩堝鋼,鑄鋼）0016DC．Forgedsteel（鑄鋼）D．Aluminum（鋁）0017_______scavengingmeansbothexhaustportsandscavengingportsarearrangedtothesameside．回流掃氣意思是掃氣口和排氣口都布置在同一側。)回流掃氣式發動機中，掃氣口和排氣口布置在同一側。)0017CA．Uniflow（直流）B．Cross（橫流）C.Loop(回流)D．Straight(直的)0018_______Shouldnotundertakeanytaskwhichwillinterferewiththesupervisiondutiesrelatingtothemainmachineryandassociatedequipment．0018A值班人員不應分派任何將妨礙管理主機和輔機職責的任務。(值班人員不能做任何影響其對主要機械和相關設備監視職責的工作。)A．Thewatchkeepingpersonnel（值班人員）B．Thechiefengineer（輪機長）C．Thepersononabunkerbarge（油駁上的人員）D．Anyoftheabove（以上任一個）0019_______tappetclearancewillcausetheexhaustvalvetoopenearlyandcloselateincycleandwillincreaseitsmaximumlift.0019B排氣閥間隙過小將引起其在一循環中早開遲關并增加其升程。A．Excessive（adj.過多的,過分的,額外）B．Insufficient（adj.不足的,不夠的n.不足）C．Correct（adj.正確的,恰當的,端正的vt.改正,糾正,告誡,懲戒)D.Noneoftheabove(以上都不是）氣閥推桿間隙過小會引起排氣閥過早打開、過晚關閉。0020______tappetclearancewillcausetheexhaustvalvetoopenlateandcloseearlyincycleandwillreduceitsmaximumlift．0020C排氣閥間隙過大將引起其在一循環中遲開早關并減少其升程。A．Correct（adj.正確的,恰當的,端正的vt.改正,糾正,告誡,懲戒)B．Insufficient（adj.不足的,不夠的n.不足）C．Excessive（adj.過多的,過分的,額外）D．Noneoftheabove(以上都不是）氣閥推桿間隙過大會引起排氣閥過晚打開、過早關閉。0021______tappetclearancewillcausetheexhaustvalvetoopenlateandcloseearlyincycleandwillreduceitsmaximumlift．0021C排氣閥間隙過大將引起其在一循環中遲開早關并減少其升程。A．Correct（adj.正確的,恰當的,端正的vt.改正,糾正,告誡,懲戒)B．Insufficient（adj.不足的,不夠的n.不足）C．Excessive（adj.過多的,過分的,額外）D．Noneoftheaboveiscorrect(以上都不是）（此題與0020題重復）0022_______thecylinderwillcontainagreatweightofairandwillbecapableofburningagreatquantityoffuel．選項中，較合理的答案只能是A。更好的答案應該是“Attheendofthecompressionstroke”。意即“在壓縮沖程結束時，氣缸中有大量的空氣并能燃燒大量的燃油”。在壓縮行程初汽缸內將容納了能大量能點燃大量的燃油的空氣。A．Atthebeginningofthecompressionstroke壓縮行程初0022AB．Atthebeginningofthesuctionstroke吸氣行程初C．Attheendoftheworkingstroke工作行程未D．Attheendoftheexhauststroke排氣行程未0023_______thesuperchargepressureis，_______poweranenginedevelops．增壓壓力越大，柴油機輸出功率越大。0023AA．Thehigher／themore越高越多B．Higher／more比較高/比較多C．Higher/little比較高/比較少D．Thehigher／theless越高越少0024______deviceisprovidedtopreventstartingairfrombeingadmittedtothecylinderbeforethereversingiscompleted．一個聯鎖裝置用來防止在盤車結束前允許起動空氣進入氣缸A．Anautomatic（n.自動機械adj.自動的,無意識的,機械的）0024CB．Atransmission（n.播送,發射,傳動,傳送,傳輸,轉播）C．Aninterlocking（.聯鎖的）D．Aself-regulating（自動調節）(此題與0008題重復）0025_______isnotproperlysetthuscausingeitheradvancedorretardedfiring一臺噴油泵定時不確，因此引起的不是早燃就是后燃。0025BA．Apiston（一個活塞）燃油噴射泵沒有正確調定，引起發火過早或過晚。B．Afuelinjectionpump（一臺噴油泵）C．Afeedwaterpump（一臺供水泵）D．Alubeoilpump（一臺滑油泵）0026_______means（that)bothexhaustportsandscavengingportsarearrangedonthesameside．回流掃氣意思是掃氣口和排氣口都布置在同一側。0026CA．Uniflowscavenging（直流掃氣）B．Crossscavenging（橫流掃氣）C.Loopscavenging(回流掃氣)D．Straightscavenging(直的掃氣)(此題與0017題重復）0027______rodsarenotinproperconditionsothattoomuchfuelissuppliedtothecorrespondingcylinder．調節桿調節不當以致造成相應汽缸供油過多。(燃油)調節桿沒有在正確的位置，以致太多的燃油供應到相應的氣缸中去了。0027CA．piston（活塞）B、Sounding（探測、測深）C．Regulating（調節）D．Connecting（連接，管接頭，套管）0028______shows1．2meterandthespecificgravityoftheoilis0．96．Accordingtothemeasuringscale，thatmakes150tons．量油桿顯示油位1．2m。測深桿顯示是1.2米而油的比重是0.96，根據測量刻度總共是150噸油。A．Thepistonrod（活塞桿）B．Thepushrod（推桿）0028CC．Thesoundingrod（測深桿）D．Theconnectingrod（連桿）0029______allowsforexpansionandwatermakeupthewatercoolingsystem．高位水箱（膨脹水箱）允許膨脹和向冷卻水系統供水。0029BA．Atoptank（頂部箱）B．Aheadtank（落差貯水池、高位水池、壓力槽、壓頭箱）C．Aheadvalve（頭閥）D．Adraintank（排水槽、儲油槽）冷卻水系統中的高置水箱(膨脹水箱)用來供冷卻水膨脹和補水。0030______attheendofthedistributionpipeensuresthatadequatepressureismaintainedbythepump．在分配管的未端的一只警報器用來保證泵能保持足夠的壓力。A．Areliefvalve（一個安全閥）B．Analarm（一只警報器）0030BC．Apressuregauge（一個壓力計）D、Anon-returnvalve（一個止回閥）分配管端的報警設備用來確保泵維持足夠的壓力。0031______isusedforwashinganddrinking（生活水系統是用來沖洗和飲用。0031DA、Theballastsystem（壓載水系統）B．Thesaltwatersystem（海水系統）C．Thebilgesystem（艙底水系統）D．Thedomesticsystem（生活水系統）船舶日用水系統提供盥洗水和飲用水。0032______providethewatertothepistons．（伸縮管供水到活塞）伸縮管用來向活塞提供冷卻水0032CA．Pneumaticpipes（空氣管）B．Hydraulicpipes（液壓管）C．Telescopicpipes（伸縮管）D.Operatinggaspipes（工作氣體管）0033______arefittedintheexhaustsystemandfacilitatechargeremovalandscavengingineachcylinder（在排氣系統安裝有擴壓器，以便各缸的增壓空氣易于吸入和掃除廢氣）。A．Diffusers（擴壓器）B、Compressors（壓縮機）0033AC．Steamboilers（蒸汽鍋爐）D．Sootblowers（吹灰器）發動機排氣系統中裝備的擴壓器有助于排氣和掃氣。0034_____areformedbyabrasiveparticlesenteringthebearingandscoringtheshaft．groove凹槽是由進入軸承的磨料和軸劃痕引起。磨粒進入到軸承并在軸上劃痕，這樣便形成—了凹槽。0034AA．Grooves（凹槽）B．Recesses（凹進處）C．Ridges背脊D．Nips（日本佬的）0035______aremountedonandboltedtothebed-platecrossgirders．機架用螺絲固定在機座橫梁。(發動機的機架安裝在機座的橫梁上并用螺栓與之固定。)A．Thecrankshaft曲軸B．Thecrankcase曲柄曲箱0035DC、Theguide-ways向導D．Theframes機架0036______isaprecautionwhichcontributestoavoidingtroubleundernormaloperatingconditions．不間斷監視是為了避免在正常運轉條件下出現故障。(連續檢查有助于避免在正常運行狀態下產生故障。)0036AA．Constantinspection（不間斷監視）B．Keepingconstantload（保持恒定的負荷）C．Remainingconstanttemperature（保持恒定的溫度）D、varyingspeed（改變速度）0037______isasourceofpowerbywhichthedieselenginemayoperate．熱能是柴油機能運行的動力源(熱能是發動機功率的來源。)0037DA、Waterenergy水能B．Electricalenergy電能C．Chemicalenergy化學能D．Heatenergy熱能0038______isarrangedforcleaningthelubricatingoilinthesystemandcleanoilcanbeprovidedfromastoragetank．離心分油機是用來清潔從儲存柜供來的潤滑油系統的潤滑油0038BA．Afilter過濾器B、Acentrifuge離心分油機C、Adistiller蒸餾器D．Agenerator.發電機滑油系統中，離心式分油機用來清潔滑油。與選項A(濾器)相比，B更合適。0039______isfullyfloatinginbothconnectingrodsmallendandthepistonshirt．0039C活塞銷完全浮動于連桿小端與活塞裙間(在二沖程柴油機中，活塞銷一般是全浮動式的。)A．Thepistonrod活塞桿B．Thecrossheadpin十字頭銷C．Thegudgeonpin（耳軸銷、活塞銷、舵栓）D．Thecrank-pin曲柄銷0040______ismadeofabosswithseparatedbladesmountedintoit調距槳是由一個帶有獨立葉片裝進其中的輪轂制成。(調距槳有槳轂和安裝在槳轂上的幾個槳葉組成。)0040AA．Avariablepitchpropeller調距槳B．Avariablepitchnut調距螺母C．Afixedpitchparallel等距線D、Afixedpitchscrew等距螺絲0041______isusuallydrivenbytheenginecamshaftandsuppliespilotairtothecylinderairstartvalve．空氣分配器多是由凸輪軸驅動而其供應先導空氣給氣缸起動閥。0041D(空氣分配器一般由發動機的凸輪軸驅動，其作用是供應控制空氣到氣缸空氣啟動閥。)A．Anairreceiver空氣接收器B．Anoperatingvalve動作閥、操縱閥C．Anautomaticvalve自動閥D．Anairdistributor空氣分配器C．Theinhabitant居民／thewater水D．Theadditives添加劑／thedistilledwater.蒸餾水0042______neutralizestheacidconditionsand______cleansestheringsandgrooves．堿中和酸同時清潔環和環槽。(發動機氣缸油添加劑中，堿性物質用來中和酸性產物；清潔劑用來清潔活塞環和環槽。)0042BA．Thedetergency.去垢性,去垢力,洗凈(作用)／thealkalinity堿度B．Thealkalinity堿度／thedetergency去垢性,去垢力,洗凈(作用)0043______ofthecontrollablepitchpropellerenablesthebladestobemovedtochangethepitchangle．調距螺旋槳的內部機構能使槳葉移動而改變螺旋角。0043BA．Anexternalmechanism外部機構B．Aninternalmechanism內部機構C．Aninterlockdevice互鎖裝置D．Ahuntinggearsystem隨動系統調距槳內部機構(調距機構)能使槳葉轉動以改變螺距。0044______onashiptransmitspowerfromtheenginetothepropeller．0004C船舶傳動系統從柴油機傳遞動力到螺旋槳(船上的推進系統把來自于發動機的功率傳遞給螺旋槳。)A．Automaticcontrolsystem自動控制系統B．Speedregularlysystem調速系統C．Thetransmissionsystem傳動系統D．Compressionairsystem壓縮空氣系統0045______orairventingarrangementisfittedtothefuelsupplypassage．0045D供油管路裝有灌注或排氣口。(燃油供應管道中裝備有放空氣設備。)A．Anairpump抽氣機B．Acompressor壓縮機C．Afuelpump燃油泵D．Apriming灌注口0046______providinglubricatingfilms，oilusedinmarinedieselengineshavetoremoveheatfromoilcoo1edpiston．船用柴油機潤滑油除了提供潤滑油膜外，還從活塞帶出熱量而冷卻活塞。0046DA．Exceptfor除...以外B、Beside.在旁邊,和...比較C．Except.除了...之外,若不是,除非conj.只是,要不是D．inaddition.除...之外用在船用柴油機中的滑油，除了能提供潤滑油膜外，還能帶走活塞中的熱量。注意“inionto”和“except”兩者的區別。0047______theengines，thedieselengineis____usedengineonboard．0047B在發動機中，柴油機在船上的應用最廣泛。A．Between／morecommonlyB．Among／themostcommonlyC．Between／notmorecommonlyD．Among／notthemostcommonly在發動機中，柴油機用在船舶上最普遍?！癮mong”指“三者及三者以上之中”。注意與NeeH”用法的區別。0048_____waterismoreexpensivethanfreshwater，IthashighspecificheatandlowViscosity．蒸餾水比淡水更昂貴，它具有高比熱低粘度的特性。0048AA．Distilledadj.由蒸餾得來的B．Distilling蒸餾(作用)C．Boilingadj.沸騰的,激昂的adv.沸騰D．Boiled清水罐頭(以水或稀鹽水作湯汁的罐頭)煮沸的煮熟的“distilledwater"指造水機造出來的淡水。0049______forthecamshaftgeartrainistakenfromaspurgearwhichforasixcylinderengineisatthecouplingend(凸輪軸齒輪系的驅動力來自于正齒輪，對于六缸的發動機，該齒輪位于聯軸器端。)六缸柴油機的凸輪軸齒輪傳動鏈的驅動力從位于聯軸節端的正齒輪獲得。0049BA．Thedrivengear驅動齒輪B．Thedrive驅動力C．Thegrease油脂D．Thelubricatingoil滑油0050______inwhatpositiontheenginestopstherewillalwaysbeatleastoneofthecylinderswithitsstartingairvalveopentoadmitcompressedairtostarttheengine．不管柴油機停止在何位置，至少有一個氣缸的空氣起動閥處于打開位置以允許空氣進入氣缸起動柴油機。0050DA．Because多用于表示直接原因B．Owingto由于,因...之緣故C、Forprep.(表示目的)為了,因為,至于,對于,適合于conj.因為D．Nomatter不管不管發動機停車在什么位置，至少有一個氣缸，它的啟動空氣閥處在開啟狀態，以允許空氣進入啟動發動機。該句表達的是讓步狀語從句。0051______issecuredbymeansofside-chockboltsandend-chockbolts．機座是由稱為側楔墊螺栓和端楔墊螺栓固定。0051AA．Thebedplate機座B．Thecolumn圓柱,柱壯物,專欄,縱隊C．Themainbearing主軸承D．Thedoublebottom雙層底機座分別通過側向和端向螺栓(與底座)固定。0052______controlsthefuelOiltemperatureinordertoprovideoilatthecorrectViscosityforcombustion．粘度調節器通過控制燃油的溫度來實現粘度的控制。0052AA．TheviscosityregulatorB．ThetemperaturecontrollerC．TheflowmeterD．Thepressureswitch0053______forattachmenttothepropellershaftalsoaccommodatestheturninggearandisintegrallyforgedthecrankshaft．與調距槳軸相連的聯軸節法蘭，同時也提供給盤車機，它與曲軸是整體鍛造而成，A．ThecouplingflangeB．Thecamshaft0053AC．Thecross-headpinD．Thecylinderjackets0051A0052A0053A0054______shouldbetakenout，cleaned，andliftingcheckedeveryfourtosixmonths．A、pistonsB．Fuelinjectionvalves0054BC．CrankshaftD．Cylindercovers燃油噴射閥(油頭)應每4~6個月取出、清潔并進行啟閥壓力試驗。0055_____usuallyhelpstoinduceairmovementtoassistcombustion．活塞的運動有助于空氣在氣缸中流動，以利燃燒。A．CylindercoverB．Mainbearing0055DC．TheexhaustvalveD．Thepistonmovement0056______mayhavetwoemergencysourceofpower，thusrequiringtwoemergencyswitchboards．大型客輪上往往裝備有兩套應急電源，這樣需要兩個應急配電板。A．LargepassengervesselsB．GeneralcargoshipsC．ContainershipsD．oiltankers0057______suppliespilotairtocontrolthecylinderairstartvalves．A．AnaircompressorB．AnindicatorcockC．AnairdistributorD．Asafetyvalve空氣分配器提供控制空氣用來控制氣缸空氣啟動閥。0058______lessequipmentincontactwithseawater，thecorrosionproblemsaremuchreducedinacentralcoolingsystem．A．BecauseB．withC．withoutD、Though在中央冷卻系統中，由于與海水接觸的設備較少，因此腐蝕問題大為減少。注意“withwithout)+名詞+介詞短語”的用法。0059______clearancesinthemainorcrankpinbearingswillsometimesbeindicatedbylossofpressureinthelubricatingsystembeforeanybearingknockisheard．A．ToolargerB．ToosmallerC．ExcessD．Excessive主軸承或曲柄銷軸承間隙過大，首先表現為滑油系統失壓，隨后可聽到軸承的敲擊聲，Ａ、選項不正確在于“large"使用了比較級。0056A0057C0058B0059D0060B0060A______onthedeliverysideofthepumpclosestostopfuelOilreturningfromtheinjector．燃油泵排出側的止回閥(單向閥)阻止了燃油從噴射器倒回。A．returnvalveB．non-returnvalveC．safetyunitD．stopvalve0061A__ensuresaconstantpressureatthefuelmain．壓力調節閥確保燃油總管中的壓力穩定。A．transferpumpB．controlairbottleC．pressureregulatingvalveD．nonreturningvalve0062AcaststeelstrongbackisfittedinwayOfthecombustionspacetohelpabsorb______?A．flametemperatureB．fueloil(燃燒室處裝備鑄鋼的背板用來吸收燃氣的沖擊力。)BairmovementD．gasforces0063Achargeoffreshairisdrawnintotheenginecylinderandthen______bythemovingpiston______veryhighpressure．新鮮空氣被吸人到發動機氣缸內，然后被運動的活塞壓縮到很高的壓力。A、Pressed／toB、Pressurized／withC、pushed／inD．compressed／toAcommontroublewiththefuelpumpplungerorfuelvalvespindleis______。燃油泵柱塞或燃油針閥常見的故障是漏油。A．waterleakageB．steamleakageC．OilleakageD．airleakage0061C0062D0063D0064C0065Acommontroublewiththefuelpumpplungersorfuelvalvespindleis______。A．brokendownB．stuckC．Oil1eakageD．Carbonized同上題。Adieselengineissimilartoagasolineengineexceptthattheformerhasto______?柴油機與汽油機類似，但是無火花塞。A．cross-headB．cylinderC．connectingrodD．sparkplug0067．Adieselengine’scrankcaseoillevelisfoundtobetoohigh．Youshouldsuspectthat______發動機機油充注過多、燃油漏人、冷卻水漏人都有可能導致發動機曲柄箱油位過高。A．theenginewasoverfilledB．theremightbeafuelleakC．theremightbeawaterleakD．alloftheabove0068Adistancepiece，knownasa______maybeinterposedbetweentherodandthebearinghousing．調距片，即所謂的“壓縮片”，插入在連桿和軸承座之間。A．bearingshellB．bearinglinerCcompressionplateD．leadwire0069Adistancepiece，withgroundfaces，knownasacompressionplate，maybeinterposedbetweentherodandthebearinghousing，itsthicknessbeingchosentoensurethecorrect______壓縮片的厚度可以選擇，以確保正確的壓縮比。A．compressionpressureB．compressiontestC．compressionratioD．compressionclearance0065C0066D0067D0068C0069C0070Adistancepiece，withgroundfaces，maybeinterposedtherodandthebearinghousing，itsthicknessbeingchosentoensurethecorrect______。同上題。A．expansionratioB、pressureratioC、compressionratioD．clearanceratio0071Agovernorautomaticallycontrolsenginespeedbyregulating______。調速器通過調節燃油的供應來自動地控制發動機的轉速。A．fuelsupplyB．firingorderC．engineloadD．oillevel0072Agudgeonpininatrunkmaybefreetofloatandrotate,with______tolim-itaxialmovement筒狀活塞中的活塞銷能自由浮動和轉動，使用開口彈簧來限制其軸向位移A．splitB．crankpinsC．dipsticksD，circlips0073Aheaterinthecircuitfacilitateswarmingoftheenginepriorto______bycirculatinghotwater發動機冷卻水系統中的加熱器可用于在發動機啟動前通過循環熱水來暖機。A．startingB．stoppingC．tostartD．tostop0074Ahightemperaturealarmor______whichwillmeltisusedtoguardagainsttheexplosionofcompressorairpipelines高溫報警器或易熔塞用來防止空壓機空氣管道爆炸。A．aflametrapB．areliefvalveC．afusibleplugD．aburstingcap0075Ahotairstarpipeindicatesthatthereis______，空氣啟動管路過熱表明空氣啟動閥漏氣A．inefficientcoolingB．aleakingairstartvalveC．acloggeddrainvalveD．aleakingairbottle0071A0072D0073A0074C0075B0076Alevelgaugeforatankisto______油(水)艙液位表用來表示液體的含量。A．givethepressureB．givethecontentsC．givetheshapeofthetankD．givetheaccuracylevel0077Alowspeedenginerequires______reductiongearbox______itandpropeller．低速發動機用作主推進裝置時，不需要減速齒輪箱(介于發動機和螺旋槳之間)。A．none／bothB，no／bothC．none／betweenD．no／between0078Alubricantoftenhastoperformmanydutiesinanysituation，inadditiontoitsfundamentaljobof______潤滑劑除了其基本功用是減少摩擦之外，還能起到其他許多作用。A．resistingoxidizationB．reducingfrictionC．promotingmovingspeedD．developinginertia．0079、Amainbearingconsistsoftwoshellswhicharesecuredbymeansofstudsand______主軸承有兩個軸瓦組成，軸瓦由雙頭螺栓和軸承蓋來固定。A．tierodsB．throughboltsC．leadwiresD．bearingcaps0080Anumberofcylinderlinersareenclosedinonecastirontoforma______?幾個缸套被封閉在一個鑄鐵件內便形成了一個氣缸體。A．cylindercoverB．cylinderblockC．cylinderframeD．bed-plate0076B0077D0078B0079D0080B0081Anumberofdifferentscavengingmethods______inslowspeedtwo-strokeengines．在低速二沖程柴油機中，使用了幾種不同的掃氣方式。選項A中“use"用作名詞。A．areinuseB．isusedC．areusingD．hasbeenused0082Areductioninloadonadieselengineresultsin______ofspeedofthecrankshaft．柴油機負荷減少會導致曲軸轉速上升。A．areductionB．anincreaseC，anoutingD．adownwards0083Asealingarrangementisprovidedat______ofthetail-shaftwiththepropellerandconecompletingthearrangement．船舶推進系統中，尾軸兩端各裝了一套密封裝置(首尾密封)。A．bothendsB..neitherendC．theoutboardendD．eitherend0084Aseparatepistoncoolingsystemisused______anycontaminationfrompistoncool?ingglandstothepistoncoolingsystemonly．活塞冷卻系統往往是獨立的，以限制來自于活塞冷卻格蘭的污染物僅僅在活塞冷卻系統內(避免污染到曲柄箱)。A．AhelpB．tolimitC．toprotectD．toremove0085Aseparatepistoncoolingsystemisusedtolimitanycontaminationfrompistoncoolingglands______thepistoncoolingsystemonly．同上題。A．between,toB．either，orC．from，toD．neither，nor0081A0082B0083D0084B0085C0086Asinglepiece_____fittedwithbronzeringsguidesthepistoninthecylinderliner裝有銅質活塞環的活塞裙引導活塞在缸套上運動。A．pistonB．pistoncrownC.guidewayD．cross-head，0087Aslow-speedtwo-strokedieselusuallyarrangedtooperatecontinuouslyonheavyfueloilandhasavailablea_____supplyformanoeuvringconditions．低速二沖程柴油機能依靠重油連續運行，同時在機動操縱狀態下能使用輕柴油。A．LubricatingB．dieseloilC．residualoilD．hydraulicoil0088Avariablepitchpropellerismade_____abosswithseparatebladesmountedintoit.見第40題。bemadeupof=consistof=becomPosedof意“由……組成A．OfB．upofC．fromD．out0089A：Pleasetellmethespecificationsandquantity．B：_____.300t指燃油的數量，180cSt指燃油的規格。A．PumpdieseloilfirstB.300tonsof180cStfueloilC．ThefigureisallrightD．OK，I’llsignitAbouthalfanhourbeforetheengineisrequired，coolingwaterat_____mustbecirculated用車前大約半小時，冷卻水應在工作溫度下循環暖機。A．morethantheworkingtemperatureB．lessthantheworkingtemperatureC．theworkingtemperatureD．thesameasthesurroundingtemperature0086A0087B0088B0089B0090C0091AccordingtOthewaytheenergyoftheexhaustgasesisutilized，pressure-chargingcanbedividedintotwomainsystems，namely，theconstant-pressuresystemand_____A．thepulse-phasesystemB．thepulseDopplersystemC．thepulsesystemD．thepulseinterval發動機廢氣渦輪增壓有兩種不同的系統，即定壓增壓和脈沖增壓。0092Acidsolution_____inthesystemcanbetestedfromtimetotimebyputtingsomeontoapieceoflime．系統中流體的酸性強度可通過氧化鈣(石灰)的方法來化驗。A．strengthB．denseC．percentageD，velocity0093Additives_____protectivelayersonmetalsurfacesguardingthemagainstcorrosion．A．damageB．formC．dissolveD．contaminate添加劑在金屬表面形成保護層以防止腐蝕?！癴orm”用作動詞，意“形成”。0094Adjust_____bymeansofleadwire．可以用壓鉛絲法來調節主軸承的間隙。A.theclearanceofthemainbearingB．thediameterofmainbearingC．thegapofmainbearingD．thetoleranceofmainbearing0095Administrationsshouldbearinmindthesignificanceof_____inmaintainingsafetyoflifeandpropertyatseaandinpreventingmarinepollution．主管機關應牢記在保持海上人命、財產安全和防止海洋污染方面，通信和語言技能的重要意義。A．advancednauticalequipmentB．advancedperformancemainenginesC．emergencyequipmentD．Communicationand1anguageskills0091C0092A0093B0094A0095D0096A-framesandcylinderblockisheldtogetherby_____toformarigidstructure．A字架和氣缸體用貫穿螺栓固定。tierod=tiebolt=throughbolt。A.connectingrodsD．pistonrodsC．tierodsD．jack-bolts0097A-framesaremountedonthebedplateandsupport_____andcylinderblock．A字架安裝在機座上，用采支撐支柱和氣缸體。A．themainbearingB.thecylindercoverC．theentablatureD．thesump0098after“F．W．E．”isgiven，theairsystemisshutdown，the_____gearputin，alldrainsandindicatorcocksopened，andthecoolingwaterkeptrunning.接到“完車”車鐘后，關閉空氣系統，合上盤車機，打開所有放殘口和示功考克，但是冷卻水應繼續循環一段時間。A．steeringB．timingC．turningD．running0099Afterensuringthat_____iscorrectthebearingclearanceshouldbechecked．確?！斑^盈壓隙”正確后，檢查軸承間隙。A．napB．gapC．nipD．deflection0100Afterfittingbackinplacethegearwheels，don’tforget_____them．齒輪裝回原地后，不要忘了給它們上油?！癴orgettodosth?！北硎尽巴艘プ瞿呈隆保弧癴orgetdoingsth．”表示“忘了做過某事”。A．togreasingB．greasingC．oilingD．lubricating0096C0097C0098C0099C0100A0101Afterpassingthroughtheturbinetheexhaustgasisconductedoutintothe——.發動機廢氣經過廢氣渦輪增壓器的透平后，便被通到大氣。A．intercoolerB．compressorC．cy1inderD．Openair0102Aftertheengineiswarmed，weshould——theturninggearbeforestartinguptheengine發動機暖機后，在啟動之前應脫開盤車機。takeout=disengage；putin=engage。A．takeinB．putinC．takeoutD．putup0103Aftertheolder"______"isgiven，theairsystemisshutdown，theturninggearputin．接到“完車”車鐘后，關閉空氣系統，合上盤車機。A．FinishedWithEngineB．StopTheEng4neC．Stand-byEngineD．Slow-downEngine0104Aircocks，usuallypositionedatthe——inacirculatingsystem，isusedtogetridoftheairinthesystem．空氣考克，通常位于循環系統的最高處，用來排除系統中的空氣。A．bendingjointB．expansiontankC．weldD．thehighestpoint0105Alltheringsareslightlyroundedontheirexternaltopandbottomedgestokeeptheoilfilmonthecylinderlinerduring——fornewpistonrings“running-inperiod"指“磨合期，跑合期”。A．therunning-inperiodB．TherunningprocessC．gasexchangeprocessD．theboilerfiring0101D0102C0103A0104D0105A0106Allthreesystemshavetheports_____toswirltheincomingairanddirectitintheappropriatepath．所有三種掃氣系統中，氣口都成一定角度，使進氣作回轉運動。注意結構“haved…..done'’。A．angledB．roundedC．beingangledD．beingrounded0107Althoughthecrankshaftsofmediumdieselenginesappeartoberobust，theyrelyontheappropriateof_____todevelopthetheirfullstrength．發動機的曲軸依靠主軸承的支撐，才能發揮功能。A．thepistonrodsB．thecrankthrowsC．thethrustbearingsD．themainbearing0108Aluminumpistonshave_____coefficientofthermalexpansioncomparedwiththoseofcastiron．鋁質活塞與鑄鐵活塞相比，熱膨脹系數較大。A．higherB．lowerC．thesameD.noneoftheabove0109Amongtheringofapistonthe_____oneissubjectedtothegreatestloadandtemperature．活塞環中，頂部第一道環承受最大的負荷和最高的溫度。A．bottomB．middleC．topD．noneoftheabove0110Analuminumpistonhaslowerinertiaandhighercoefficientof_____comparedtothatofcastiron．見第108題。A．viscosityB.twistingmomentsC，inertiaD．thermalexpansion0106A0107D0108A0109C0110D0111Anelectricallydrivenautomaticallyoperatingauxiliaryblowerisprovidedforslowspeedand_____ofalowspeeddieselengine．低速柴油機中，往往安裝一臺電力驅動的輔助(應急)鼓風機用于低速和機動操縱工況。A.manoeuvringoperationsB．badcombustionC．coolingD．mooringtrial0112Anincreaseinloadonadieselengineresultsin_____ofspeedofthecrankshaft．發動機負荷減少會導致曲軸轉速上升。A．areductionB．anincreaseC．anoutingD．adownwards0113Anindicatordiagramisapressure-volumegraphtakenfromthepressureinthe_____ofaworkingengine．示功圖可以用來表達發動機工作時某個缸內壓力與體積的關系。A．crankcaseB．fuelpumpC．scavengetrunkD．cylinder0114Aninterlockintheremoteoperatingvalvelinestopsthevalve_____whentheengineturninggearisengaged．發動機啟動時，如果盤車機未脫開，聯鎖裝置能阻止啟動閥打開。句中，stops=prevents.A．toopenB．openingC．openD．opened0115Anove