實驗五NFS文件系統實驗一、實驗目的掌握Linux系統之間資源共享和互訪方法；掌握NFS服務器和客戶端的安裝與配置。二、實驗設備硬件：EduKit-IV嵌入式教學實驗平臺、Mini2410核心子板、PC機；軟件：Windows2000/NT/XP、Ubuntu8.04、其他嵌入式軟件包。實驗內容利用rpm命令安裝軟件包的方法；安裝、配置NFS服務器并啟動Linux系統之間資源共享。實驗步驟：1）單擊菜單應用程序->附件->終端打開終端，設置環境變量；$source/usr/local/src/EduKit-IV/Mini2410/set_env_linux.sh2）安裝配置nfs服務：$cd$SIMPLEDIR/6.5-nfs-server$sudoshlocal-nfs-install.sh安裝腳本如下：#!/bin/bash##E-pack-install.sh-InstallNFSserver.##Copyright(C)2002-2007<>33#Created.lusi<luce_008@163.com>sudoapt-getinstallnfs-kernel-servernfs-commonportmapcd/etc/default/sudosed's/OPTIONS="-i"/#OPTIONS="-i"/'portmap>portmap-tempsudorm-fportmapsudomvportmap-tempportmapcd/etc/sudosed's/#\/srv\/nfs4\/homesgss\/krb5i(rw,sync)/\/home\/example\/nfs*(rw,sync)/'exports>exports-tempsudorm-fexportssudomvexports-tempexportssudoexportfs-rsudo/etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-serverrestart3）拷貝6.3節中已經創建好的文件結構$NFSDIR目錄下：$cp-av../6.3-busybox/root-mini/*$NFSDIR4）連接好交叉串口線（連接實驗平臺COM2到PC端串口），連接好交叉網線（連接實驗平臺主板網卡接口到PC端網卡）。點擊ubuntu菜單欄右邊的網絡圖標，彈出以下界面：圖6-5-1網絡設置界面6）在界面中點擊解鎖按鈕，彈出對話框要求輸入當前用戶密碼，正確輸入后，將激活該菜單，如下圖所示：圖6-5-2激活網絡設置界面7）選中“有線連接”，點擊屬性按鈕，在彈出的界面中按照下圖所示設置網絡IP（其中IP地址可以任意設置，必須為跟實驗平臺主板網卡IP在同一網段）：圖6-5-3設置網絡IP8）設置完成后點擊確定按鈕退出，則網絡設置界面將顯示如下：圖6-5-4設置正確后的網絡9）此時運行ubuntu的終端，在終端中輸入命令查看當前網絡設置，如果正確則顯示如下：$ifconfigeth0Linkencap:以太網硬件地址00:16:36:3b:c5:1einet地址:90廣播:55掩碼:inet6地址:fe80::216:36ff:fe3b:c51e/64Scope:LinkUPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500接收數據包:773錯誤:0丟棄:0過載:0幀數:0發送數據包:1722錯誤:0丟棄:0過載:0載波:0碰撞:0發送隊列長度:1000接收字節:113752(111.0KB)發送字節:1978362(1.8MB)中斷:20躍點數:1loLinkencap:本地環回inet地址:掩碼:inet6地址:::1/128Scope:HostUPLOOPBACKRUNNINGMTU:16436躍點數:1接收數據包:1488錯誤:0丟棄:0過載:0幀數:0發送數據包:1488錯誤:0丟棄:0過載:0載波:0碰撞:0發送隊列長度:0接收字節:81664(79.7KB)發送字節:81664(79.7KB)10）運行minicom，給實驗平臺加電，啟動vivi并按空格鍵進入到vivi的命令行界面，修改vivi引導參數：vivi>paramsetlinux_cmd_line"root=/dev/nfsnfsroot=90:/home/example/nfsip=00:90:::EDUK4:eth1:offconsole=ttySAC1,115200mem=64Minit=/linuxrcnoinitrd"vivi>paramsave//注釋：輸入次命令將會保存修改后的vivi參數信息到Flash，可以不保存6）輸入命令啟動內核，可以看到正確引導nfs文件系統。vivi>boot7）minicom終端將正確啟動linux：VIVIversion0.1.4(embest@embest-laptop)(gccversion2.95.320010315(release))#TMMUtablebaseaddress=0x33DFC000Succeedmemorymapping.NANDdevice:ManufactureID:0xec,ChipID:0x76(SamsungK9D1208V0M)Couldnotfoundstoredviviparameters.Usedefaultviviparameters.PressReturntostarttheLINUXnow,anyotherkeyforvivitype"help"forhelp.vivi>paramsetlinux_cmd_line"root=/dev/nfsnfsroot=90:/home/example/nfsip=00:90:::EDUK4:eth0:offconsole=ttySAC1,115200mem=64Minit=/linuxrcnoinitrd"Changelinuxcommandlineto"root=/dev/nfsnfsroot=90:/home/example/nfsip=00:90:::EDUK4:eth1:offconsole=ttySAC1,115200mem=64Minit=/linuxrcnoinitrd"vivi>bootCopylinuxkernelfrom0x00030000to0x30008000,size=0x001d0000...size=14donezImagemagic=0x016f2818Copyramdiskfrom0x00200000to0x30800000,size=0x00200000...size=2097152doneSetuplinuxparametersat0x30000100linuxcommandlineis:"root=/dev/nfsnfsroot=90:/home/example/nfs"MACH_TYPE=193NOW,BootingLinuxUncompressingLinuxLinuxversion2.6.14(embest@embest-laptop)(gccversion3.4.5)#2WedNov2609:308CPU:ARM920Tid(wb)[41129200]revision0(ARMv4T)Machine:SMDK2410ATAG_INITRDisdeprecated;pleaseupdateyourbootloader.Memorypolicy:ECCdisabled,Datacachewriteback37CPUS3C2410A(id0x32410002)S3C2410:core200.000MHz,memory100.000MHz,peripheral50.000MHzS3C2410Clocks,(c)2004SimtecElectronicsCLOCK:Slowmode(1.500MHz),fast,MPLLon,UPLLonUSBControl,(c)2006pc104CPU0:DVIVTwrite-backcacheCPU0:Icache:16384bytes,associativity64,32bytelines,8setsCPU0:Dcache:16384bytes,associativity64,32bytelines,8setsBuilt1zonelistsKernelcommandline:root=/dev/nfsnfsroot=90:/home/example/nfsipdirq:clearingsubpendingstatus00000038irq:clearingsubpendingstatus00000010PIDhashtableentries:512(order:9,8192bytes)timertcon=00000000,tcnta2c1,tcfg00000200,00000000,usec00001eb8Console:colourdummydevice80x30Dentrycachehashtableentries:16384(order:4,65536bytes)Inode-cachehashtableentries:8192(order:3,32768bytes)Memory:64MB=64MBtotalMemory:60928KBavailable(2803Kcode,688Kdata,420Kinit)Mount-cachehashtableentries:512CPU:Testingwritebuffercoherency:oksoftlockupthread0startedup.NET:Registeredprotocolfamily16S3C2410:InitialisingarchitectureSCSIsubsysteminitializedusbcore:registerednewdriverusbfsusbcore:registerednewdriverhubBluetooth:Corever2.7NET:Registeredprotocolfamily31Bluetooth:HCIdeviceandconnectionmanagerinitializedBluetooth:HCIsocketlayerinitializedS3C2410DMADriver,(c)2003-2004SimtecElectronicsDMAchannel0atc4800000,irq33DMAchannel1atc4800040,irq34DMAchannel2atc4800080,irq35DMAchannel3atc48000c0,irq36NetWinderFloatingPointEmulatorV0.97(doubleprecision)devfs:2004-01-31RichardGooch(rgooch@atnf.csiro.au)devfs:boot_options:0x138JFFS2version2.2.(NAND)(C)2001-2003RedHat,Inc.yaffsNov25200816:42:48Installing.InitializingCryptographicAPIConsole:switchingtocolourframebufferdevice80x30fb0:s3c2410fbframebufferdeviceS3C2410RTC,(c)2004SimtecElectronicss3c2410-rtcs3c2410-rtc:rtcdisabled,re-enablings3c2410_serial0atMMIO0x50000000(irq=70)isaS3C2410s3c2410_serial1atMMIO0x50004000(irq=73)isaS3C2410s3c2410_serial2atMMIO0x50008000(irq=76)isaS3C2410ioschedulernoopregisteredioscheduleranticipatoryregisteredioschedulerdeadlineregisteredioschedulercfqregisteredRAMDISKdriverinitialized:16RAMdisksof4096Ksize1024blocksizeloop:loaded(max8devices)nbd:registereddeviceatmajor43usbcore:registerednewdriverubDM9000Aeth0foundDM9000Aeth1foundLinuxvideocaptureinterface:v1.00ovcamchip:v2.27forLinux2.6:OVcamerachipI2CdriverS3C24XXNANDDriver,(c)2004SimtecElectronicss3c2410-nand:mappedregistersatc4880000s3c2410-nand:timing:Tacls10ns,Twrph040ns,Twrph110nsNANDdevice:ManufacturerID:0xec,ChipID:0x76(SamsungNAND64MiB3,3V8-bi)ScanningdeviceforbadblocksCreating6MTDpartitionson"NAND64MiB3,3V8-bit":0x00000000-0x00030000:"bootloader"0x00030000-0x00200000:"kernel"0x00200000-0x00400000:"ramdisk"0x00400000-0x03c00000:"yaffs"0x03c00000-0x03d00000:"jffs2"0x03d00000-0x03ff0000:"data"usbmon:debugfsisnotavailables3c2410-ohcis3c2410-ohci:S3C24XXOHCIs3c2410-ohcis3c2410-ohci:newUSBbusregistered,assignedbusnumber1s3c2410-ohcis3c2410-ohci:irq42,iomem0x49000000hub1-0:1.0:USBhubfound39hub1-0:1.0:2portsdetectedInitializingUSBMassStoragedriver...usbcore:registerednewdriverusb-storageUSBMassStoragesupportregistered.usbcore:registerednewdriverhiddevusbcore:registerednewdriverusbhiddrivers/usb/input/hid-core.c:v2.6:USBHIDcoredriverusbcore:registerednewdriverdabusbdrivers/usb/media/dabusb.c:v1.54:DAB-USBInterfaceDriverforLinux(c)1999s3c2410_udc:version28Aug2005s3c2410_udc_probegotandenabledclocks3c2410_udc:gotirq41mice:PS/2mousedevicecommonforallmicets:Compaqtouchscreenprotocoloutputs3c2410TouchScreensuccessfullyloadedi2c/deventriesdrivers3c2410-i2cs3c2410-i2c:slaveaddress0x10s3c2410-i2cs3c2410-i2c:busfrequencysetto390KHzs3c2410-i2cs3c2410-i2c:i2c-0:S3CI2CadapterBluetooth:HCIUSBdriverver2.9usbcore:registerednewdriverhci_usbs3c2410-sdidriverinitialisationdone.UDA1341audiodriverinitializedNET:Registeredprotocolfamily26NET:Registeredprotocolfamily2IProutecachehashtableentries:1024(order:0,4096bytes)TCPestablishedhashtableentries:4096(order:2,16384bytes)TCPbindhashtableentries:4096(order:2,16384bytes)TCP:Hashtablesconfigured(established4096bind4096)TCPrenoregisteredTCPbicregisteredNET:Registeredprotocolfamily1Bluetooth:L2CAPver2.7Bluetooth:L2CAPsocketlayerinitializedBluetooth:RFCOMMver1.5Bluetooth:RFCOMMsocketlayerinitializedBluetooth:RFCOMMTTYlayerinitializedBluetooth:BNEP(EthernetEmulation)ver1.2Bluetooth:BNEPfilters:protocolmulticast802.1QVLANSupportv1.8BenGreear<greearb@>AllbugsaddedbyDavidS.Miller<davem@>IP-Config:Complete:device=eth1,addr=00,mask=,gw=,host=EDUK4,domain=,nis-domain=(none),bootserver=90,rootserver=90,rootpath=LookingupportofRPC100003/2on90LookingupportofRPC100005/1on90VFS:Mountedroot(nfsfilesystem).Mounteddevfson/devFreeinginitmemory:420Kinitstarted:BusyBoxv1.1.2(2008.11.25-08:48+0000)multi-callbinaryStartingpid763,console/dev/console:'/etc/init.d/rcS'running/etc/init.d/rcSmounttmpfsfilesystemto/tmpmountramfsfilesystemto/var//此處正確加載nfs根文件系統PleasepressEntertoactivatethisconsole.Startingpid782,console/dev/console:'/bin/sh'/$四、實驗中遇到的問題及解決方法在本次實驗中，一直都出現超時錯誤，經過老師的幫助也沒能解決，我們自己又插好網線、換網線做了好幾次，仍然不可以。第二部分嵌入式Linux驅動開發實驗環境構建說明：在做實驗之前，先統一一下實驗環境，本部分linux下的實驗均脫離GUI圖形界面，均為linux命令行下操作，因此提供了專用于實驗用的精簡文件系統。在實驗中提供的rootfs-eduk4-base.tgz根文件系統映像即為實驗用文件系統，可參照《基于S3C2410嵌入式Linux開發實驗與實踐》4.6.2章節中（P227）更新yaffs文件系統映像為rootfs-eduk4-base.tgz。可以在ubuntu下操作，串口終端使用minicom。并修改vivi的啟動參數為yaffs根文件系統引導：vivi>paramresetvivi>paramsave文件系統更新完畢，并修改好vivi啟動參數后，啟動實驗系統，minicom的終端串口信息如下：VIVIversion0.1.4(embest@embest-laptop)(gccversion2.95.320010315(release))#0.1.42008xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx16:38:19CSTMMUtablebaseaddress=0x33DFC000Succeedmemorymapping.NANDdevice:ManufactureID:0xec,ChipID:0x76(SamsungK9D1208V0M)Foundsavedviviparameters.PressReturntostarttheLINUXnow,anyotherkeyforviviCopylinuxkernelfrom0x00030000to0x30008000,size=0x001d0000...size=1900544donezImagemagic=0x016f2818Copyramdiskfrom0x00200000to0x30800000,size=0x00200000...size=2097152doneSetuplinuxparametersat0x30000100linuxcommandlineis:"noinitrdroot=/dev/mtdblock/3rootfstype=yaffsconsole=ttySAC1"MACH_TYPE=193NOW,BootingLinuxUncompressingLinuxdone,bootingthekernel.Linuxversion2.6.14(embest@embest-laptop)(gccversion3.4.5)#2WedNov2609:30:51CST2008CPU:ARM920Tid(wb)[41129200]revision0(ARMv4T)Machine:SMDK2410ATAG_INITRDisdeprecated;pleaseupdateyourbootloader.Memorypolicy:ECCdisabled,DatacachewritebackCPUS3C2410A(id0x32410002)S3C2410:core200.000MHz,memory100.000MHz,peripheral50.000MHzS3C2410Clocks,(c)2004SimtecElectronicsCLOCK:Slowmode(1.500MHz),fast,MPLLon,UPLLonUSBControl,(c)2006pc104CPU0:DVIVTwrite-backcacheCPU0:Icache:16384bytes,associativity64,32bytelines,8setsCPU0:Dcache:16384bytes,associativity64,32bytelines,8setsBuilt1zonelistsKernelcommandline:noinitrdroot=/dev/mtdblock/3rootfstype=yaffsconsole=ttySAC1irq:clearingsubpendingstatus00000010PIDhashtableentries:512(order:9,8192bytes)timertcon=00000000,tcnta2c1,tcfg00000200,00000000,usec00001eb8Console:colourdummydevice80x30Dentrycachehashtableentries:16384(order:4,65536bytes)Inode-cachehashtableentries:8192(order:3,32768bytes)Memory:64MB=64MBtotalMemory:60928KBavailable(2803Kcode,688Kdata,420Kinit)Mount-cachehashtableentries:512CPU:Testingwritebuffercoherency:oksoftlockupthread0startedup.NET:Registeredprotocolfamily16S3C2410:InitialisingarchitectureSCSIsubsysteminitializedusbcore:registerednewdriverusbfsusbcore:registerednewdriverhubBluetooth:Corever2.7NET:Registeredprotocolfamily31Bluetooth:HCIdeviceandconnectionmanagerinitializedBluetooth:HCIsocketlayerinitializedS3C2410DMADriver,(c)2003-2004SimtecElectronicsDMAchannel0atc4800000,irq33DMAchannel1atc4800040,irq34DMAchannel2atc4800080,irq35DMAchannel3atc48000c0,irq36NetWinderFloatingPointEmulatorV0.97(doubleprecision)devfs:2004-01-31RichardGooch(rgooch@atnf.csiro.au)devfs:boot_options:0x1JFFS2version2.2.(NAND)(C)2001-2003RedHat,Inc.3yaffsNov25200816:42:48Installing.InitializingCryptographicAPIConsole:switchingtocolourframebufferdevice80x30fb0:s3c2410fbframebufferdeviceS3C2410RTC,(c)2004SimtecElectronicss3c2410-rtcs3c2410-rtc:rtcdisabled,re-enablings3c2410_serial0atMMIO0x50000000(irq=70)isaS3C2410s3c2410_serial1atMMIO0x50004000(irq=73)isaS3C2410s3c2410_serial2atMMIO0x50008000(irq=76)isaS3C2410ioschedulernoopregisteredioscheduleranticipatoryregisteredioschedulerdeadlineregisteredioschedulercfqregisteredRAMDISKdriverinitialized:16RAMdisksof4096Ksize1024blocksizeloop:loaded(max8devices)nbd:registereddeviceatmajor43usbcore:registerednewdriverubDM9000Aeth0foundDM9000Aeth1foundLinuxvideocaptureinterface:v1.00ovcamchip:v2.27forLinux2.6:OVcamerachipI2CdriverS3C24XXNANDDriver,(c)2004SimtecElectronicss3c2410-nand:mappedregistersatc4880000s3c2410-nand:timing:Tacls10ns,Twrph040ns,Twrph110nsNANDdevice:ManufacturerID:0xec,ChipID:0x76(SamsungNAND64MiB3,3V8-bit)ScanningdeviceforbadblocksCreating6MTDpartitionson"NAND64MiB3,3V8-bit":0x00000000-0x00030000:"bootloader"0x00030000-0x00200000:"kernel"0x00200000-0x00400000:"ramdisk"0x00400000-0x03c00000:"yaffs"0x03c00000-0x03d00000:"jffs2"0x03d00000-0x03ff0000:"data"usbmon:debugfsisnotavailables3c2410-ohcis3c2410-ohci:S3C24XXOHCIs3c2410-ohcis3c2410-ohci:newUSBbusregistered,assignedbusnumber1s3c2410-ohcis3c2410-ohci:irq42,iomem0x49000000hub1-0:1.0:USBhubfoundhub1-0:1.0:2portsdetectedInitializingUSBMassStoragedriver...usbcore:registerednewdriverusb-storageUSBMassStoragesupportregistered.usbcore:registerednewdriverhiddev4usbcore:registerednewdriverusbhiddrivers/usb/input/hid-core.c:v2.6:USBHIDcoredriverusbcore:registerednewdriverdabusbdrivers/usb/media/dabusb.c:v1.54:DAB-USBInterfaceDriverforLinux(c)1999s3c2410_udc:version28Aug2005s3c2410_udc_probegotandenabledclocks3c2410_udc:gotirq41mice:PS/2mousedevicecommonforallmicets:Compaqtouchscreenprotocoloutputs3c2410TouchScreensuccessfullyloadedi2c/deventriesdrivers3c2410-i2cs3c2410-i2c:slaveaddress0x10s3c2410-i2cs3c2410-i2c:busfrequencysetto390KHzs3c2410-i2cs3c2410-i2c:i2c-0:S3CI2CadapterBluetooth:HCIUSBdriverver2.9usbcore:registerednewdriverhci_usbs3c2410-sdidriverinitialisationdone.UDA1341audiodriverinitializedNET:Registeredprotocolfamily26NET:Registeredprotocolfamily2IProutecachehashtableentries:1024(order:0,4096bytes)TCPestablishedhashtableentries:4096(order:2,16384bytes)TCPbindhashtableentries:4096(order:2,16384bytes)TCP:Hashtablesconfigured(established4096bind4096)TCPrenoregisteredTCPbicregisteredNET:Registeredprotocolfamily1Bluetooth:L2CAPver2.7Bluetooth:L2CAPsocketlayerinitializedBluetooth:RFCOMMver1.5Bluetooth:RFCOMMsocketlayerinitializedBluetooth:RFCOMMTTYlayerinitializedBluetooth:BNEP(EthernetEmulation)ver1.2Bluetooth:BNEPfilters:protocolmulticast802.1QVLANSupportv1.8BenGreear<greearb@>AllbugsaddedbyDav