副詞、介詞短語、不定式或相當于副詞的詞或短語來表示。狀語 一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。如：Hediditcarefully.（副詞）Weoftenhelphim.（副詞）HermothergoesouttodosomeshoppingonSunday.（介詞短語）WhenIgrowup,Iamgoingtobeateacher.（從句作時間狀語）Hesitsthere.（副詞地點狀語）【簡單句的五種基本句型】A.主語+不及物動詞（主謂）如：Thesunrises.太陽升起來。Thecarstopped.小汽車停下來了。rise和stop都是不及物動詞，因此后邊不必加賓語。B.主語+及物動詞+賓語（主謂賓）如：Ilovemycountry. Hehelpsme.Ilikeactionmovies.Ibuyabook.C.主語+系動詞+表語（主系表）如：Herbrotherisadriver.Wefeelhappy.（feel為系動詞，表示感到 ）Itgetsdark.天黑了。（get為系動詞，表示變得）Tomlooksill.Tom看上去病了。（look為系動詞，表示看上去，看起來）D.主語+及物動詞+雙賓語（直接賓語、間接賓語） （主謂+直賓+間賓）如：HegivesTomapresent.（雙賓語） 他給湯姆一件禮物。Mothermakeanewdressforme.（雙賓語） 媽媽為我做了一件衣服。E.主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語（主+謂+賓+賓補）如：TheycallherMary.（賓補） 他們叫她Mary。Wemakeourclassroomcleanandtidy.（賓補） 我們使我們的教室干凈而整齊。Healwaysmakesuslaugh.（賓補） 他總使我們笑。二、典型例題寫出劃線部分的句子成分。Lilyiscleaningthedesknow.Hergardenisthebestinourtown.LiuMingisthirteenyears01d.Ilikethisbookverymuch.ThegirlonthebluebikeisJane'sister.Shedidn'tcomemypartybecauseshewasill.WangPingdoeshishomeworkcarefully.8.WewillgototheChildrensPala8.WewillgototheChildrensPalao.niceaweek.Theyareintheclassroom.Itsoundsgood.HisnameisPaul.Wealwaysgotoschoolearly.三、課后練習（一）挑出下列句中的賓語TOC\o"1-5"\h\zMybrotherdoesn'tdohishomework.A BCDPeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.ABC DYoumustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.AB CDHowmanynewwordsdoyoulearn?ABCDSomeofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?A BCD（二）挑出下列句中的表語The01dmanjsfeelingverytired.ABC DWhyisheworriedaboutJim?ABCDTheleaveshaveturnedyellow.ABCDSoonTheyallbecomeinterestedinthesubject.ABC DSheisthefirsttolearnaboutit.ABCD（三）挑出下列句中的定語TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.AB CDWhatisyourgivenname?ABCDOnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.ABCDIamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.ABC DThemandownstairswastryingtosleep.A B CD（四）挑出下列句中的賓語補足語Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.（四）挑出下列句中的賓語補足語TOC\o"1-5"\h\zHeaskshertotaketheboyoutofschool.ABC DShefinditdifficulttodothework.ABC DTheycallmeLilysometimes.ABCDIsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.ABC D（五）挑出下列句中的狀語Therejsabigsmileonherface.ABC DEverynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.A BCDHebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.ABC DThemanonthemotorbikeistravellingtofast.A B C DWlhthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.A BCD（六）劃出句中的直接賓語（）和間接賓語（）Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Doesheleaveanymessageforme?（七）分析下列句子的句子成分Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.Seeingisbelieving.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch.Shebecameadoctorin1998.Thebooklyingontheflooraremine.Suddenlyitbegantorain.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday.Ialwaysfindherhappy.HewondersIfI stillstudyEnglish.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.Theyloveeachother.Whatdidyoubuy?Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.Yourjobtodayistohelptheold.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.劃分句子成分練習二Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.ItisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyouAllofusconsideredhimhonest.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.Hebrokeapieceofglass.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity1loveyoumorethanher,child.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.Theypushedthedooropen.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.AllthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteachingWeneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.Don'tgetnervoushelpyourselftowhatyoulike.劃分句子成分練習題（2）（一）指出下例句中主語的中心詞Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.（二）選出句中謂語的中心詞Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wallThedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summerDoyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoonDidthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfastTomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn'tC.doD.hishomeworkWhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.isWehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctorHeisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.musicWhomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book（三）挑出下列句中的賓語Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.ABCDPeople_allovertheworldspeakEnglish.AB C DYoumustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z-Ab~ -C DHowmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?A BCDSomeofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?A BCDTheoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.A BCDTheymadehimmonitoroftheclass.ABCDGoacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.AB CDYouwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.ABCDTheydidn'tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.ABC D（四）挑出下列句中的表語The01dmanwasfeelingverytired.ABC DWhyisheworriedaboutJim?ABCDTheleaveshaveturnedyellow.ABCDSoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.ABC DShewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.ABCD（五）挑出下例句中的定語TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.AB CDWhatisyourgivenname?ABCDOnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.ABCDTOC\o"1-5"\h\zIamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.ABC DThemandownstairswastryingtosleep.AB CDIamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!AB C D（六）挑出下例句中的賓語補足語Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.AB C DHeaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.ABC DShefound_itdifficulttodothework.ABC DTheycallmeLilysometimes.A/\BCCDIsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zABC DDidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?A B C D（七）挑出下例句中的狀語Therewasabigsmileonherface.ABC DEverynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.A BCDHebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.ABC DThemanonthemotorbikewastravellingtofast.A B C DWOhthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.A BCDShelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.ABC DIamafraidthatifyou've10stit,youmustpayfo門t.AB C DThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.ABC D（八）劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme?⑤me,⑤me,間接賓語message,直接賓語2.定，狀4.謂，賓，狀6.謂，狀8.謂，狀10.表12.狀，狀劃分句子成分練習題（2）參考答案（一）①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo（二）①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A（三）①D②D③B④A⑤B⑥D⑦C⑧D⑨A⑩D（四）①D②B③D④C⑤B（五）①C②C③A④B⑤B⑥D（六）①C②C③C④C⑤D⑥B（七）①D②A③D④D⑤A⑥D⑦C⑧D（八）①us,間接賓語astory,直接賓語②me,間接賓語anewbike,直接賓語③us,間接賓語history,直接賓語④Tom,間接賓語it,直接賓語典型例題答案一.寫出劃線部分的句子成分。.主，謂，賓，狀3.表5士士.7E,7E7.謂，賓，狀9.表11.定，表課后練習（三）①D②D③B④A⑤B（四）①D②B③D④C⑤B（五）①C②C③A④B⑤B（六）①C②C③C④C⑤D（七）①D②A③D④D⑤A（八）①us,間接賓語astory, 直接賓語②me,間接賓語anewbike, 直接賓語③us,間接賓語history, 直接賓語④Tom,間接賓語it, 直接賓語⑤me,間接賓語message,直接賓語Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.主語系表結構做謂語地點狀語 時間狀語Seeingisbelieving.動詞ing做主語謂語賓語AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch.主語謂語賓語 程度副詞狀語Shebecameadoctorin1998.主語謂語賓語時間狀語Thebooklyingontheflooraremine.主語 補語 謂語賓語SuddenlyiLbegantorain.狀