[C]TheEvolutionaryFutureofNature[D]HumanEvolutionGoingNowhere題型及解題思路1.例證題(1)標(biāo)志：題干中出現(xiàn)如下詞：例子，說(shuō)明(1)標(biāo)志：題干中出現(xiàn)如下詞：例子，說(shuō)明example、caseillustrate、demonstrateshow(2)解題思路：該例子看懂與否不重要，重要的是找到例子所支持的論點(diǎn)做題步驟:1)返回原文確定該例子2)illustrate、demonstrateshow(2)解題思路：該例子看懂與否不重要，重要的是找到例子所支持的論點(diǎn)做題步驟:1)返回原文確定該例子2)80%向上，20%向下，搜素該例子所支持的論點(diǎn)從選項(xiàng)中找出觀點(diǎn)的同義改寫(xiě)作為答案例證題的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)有:只談例子本身 (2)列舉無(wú)關(guān)常識(shí)2?主旨題(1)標(biāo)志：題干中出現(xiàn)如下詞：mainidea、besttitle、conclusion(2)解題思路：1)主旨題最后做2)重點(diǎn)理解首末段首末句3)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折后的信息42)重點(diǎn)理解首末段首末句3)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折后的信息4)主旨出現(xiàn)時(shí)常伴有一些標(biāo)志詞：轉(zhuǎn)折詞、表示總結(jié)的詞:so示總結(jié)的詞:so、thus、inconclusion、inaword、therefore5)要熟悉英文文章的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)：開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山型,拋磚引玉型(中間轉(zhuǎn)折型)，問(wèn)題回答型3.細(xì)節(jié)題(1)標(biāo)志：題干針對(duì)原文的論據(jù)，例子，引言，細(xì)節(jié)，原因等信息提問(wèn)，且題干中往往有信號(hào)詞，如大寫(xiě)字母，數(shù)字解題思路：1)準(zhǔn)確定位(定位原則：信號(hào)詞：大寫(xiě)字母,數(shù)字或?qū)Ｓ忻~；自然段順序原則；長(zhǎng)難句定位) 2)將選項(xiàng)逐一與原文核對(duì)，不要憑印象做題4?判斷正誤題(1)標(biāo)志：?jiǎn)枌?duì)，問(wèn)錯(cuò)(2)解題思路：首先判斷是三錯(cuò)一對(duì)還是三對(duì)一錯(cuò)；所謂對(duì)是指符合原文或比原文范圍小，所謂錯(cuò)是與原文有矛盾或原文沒(méi)提及，不要用常識(shí)判斷；判斷正誤題相當(dāng)是一道細(xì)節(jié)題猜詞Passage13Thereareanumberofformatsforreportingresearch,suchasarticlestoappearinjournals,reportsaddressedtofundingagencies,thesesordissertationsaspartoftherequirementsforuniversitydegrees,andpaperstobepresentedatconferences.Theseformatsdifferfromoneanothermostlyintheirpurposesandtheaudienceswhomtheyaddress.Wewillnowbrieflydescribethem.Thejournalarticleisawayofreportingresearchforprofessionaljournalsoreditedcollections.Theresearchisreportinginabrief,yetinformativeway,focusingmostlyonthemainfeaturesoftheresearchsuchasthepurpose,reviewoftheliterature(oftenreferredtoas“background”proceduresusedforcarryingouttheresearchaccompaniedbytables,charts,andgraphs,andinterpretationsoftheresults(oftenreferredtoasdiscussion).Thecontentandemphasisofthejournalarticlewillvaryaccordingtotheintendedreaders(researchorpractitioners)anditisimportantfortheresearchertobeawareofthebackgroundandinterestofthereadersofthejournal.Articlesintendedtobereadbypractitionerswillemphasizethepracticalimplicationsandrecommendationsoftheresearch,whilearticlesintendedtobereadbyresearcherswilldescribeindetailthemethodusedtocollectdata,theconstructionofdatacollectionprocedures,andthetechniquesusedforanalyzingthedata.Itisimportantforthenoviceresearchertobeawareofthefactthatarticlessubmittedtojournalsgothroughaprocessofevaluationbyexpertswhomakeajudgmentandrecommendwhethertheyshouldbepublishedornot.Thethesisordissertationisaformatforreportingresearchwhichgraduatestudentswriteaspartoffulfillingtherequirementsforanadvaneedacademicdegree.Thestudentisexpectedtodescribeingreatdetailallthephasesoftheresearchsoitcanbeexaminedandevaluatedcarefullybythereader.Thusthethesisordissertationincludesthepurposeandsignificaneeofthestudy,therationale,athoroughreviewoftheliterature,detailedinformationastotheresearchtoolsandtheproceduresinvoIvedintheirdevelopment,adescriptionofdataanalysisandtheresults,andaninterpretationoftheresultsintheformofconclusions,implications,andrecommendation.Thisdetaileddescriptionoftheprocessoftheresearchisneededtoprovidetheprofessorswithanindicationofthestudent'sabilitytocarryoutresearch.Theconferencepaperisawayofreportingresearchatconferences,seminarsandcolloquia.Atsuchmeetingsresearchpapersareusuallypresentedorally.Theyaresimilartotheresearcharticlesinceresearchisreportedinaconcise,yetinformativeway,focusingonthemostessentialelementsoftheresearch.Handoutsandtransparenciescanalsoaccompanythepresentations.Aswiththeresearcharticle,heretoo,thecontentandemphasisoftheoralreportwilldependtoalargeextentonthetypeofaudieneepresentatthemeeting,andwhethertheyareresearchersorpractitioners.ThebesttitleforthispassagecouldbeTypesofResearchReportsTypesofJournalArticlesWritingofresearchReportsWritingofDifferentArticlesThecommonaspectforthejournalarticles,theseandconferencepapersliesinthattheyareallforthepractitionerstheyarealltobereadbyresearcherstheyareallforbeingpublishedtheyareallformsofreportingresearchWecandistinguishthoseresearchreportsfromeachothermainiythroughtheirwritingstyleandlengththeiraimsandpossibleaudiencestheirpresentedplacesandtimetheircontentandpurposesWhichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedinthispassage?Bothjournalarticlesandconfereneepapersarereportedinabriefandinformativeway.AllthethesesordissertationsandconferencepapersarereportedinspokenIanguages.Boththejournalarticlesandconferencepapersareinflueneedgreatlybytheintendedreceivers.Thevariousformatsofresearchreportsmaybepresentedindifferentways.Howcanaprofessorevaluateastudent'scapabilityofimplementingtheresearch?Byconcentratingonthemainfactorslikethepurpose,background,proceduresanddisscussion.Byemphasizingthepracticalimplicationsandrecommendationsoftheresearch.Byfocusingonthedetaileddescriptionoftheprocessoftheresearchsuchasthetools,procedures,theprocessofdataanalysis,theresults,andconclusionsetc.Bynoticingthedetailedmethodusedtocollectthedata,theconstructionofthedatacollectionprocedures,thetechniquesforanalyzingthedateandresultsetc.Passage14Whatdoconsumersreallywant?That'saquestionmarketresearcherswouldlovetoanswer.Butsineepeopledon'talwayssaywhattheythink,marketerswouldneeddirectaccesstoconsumers'thoughtstogetthetruth.Now,inaway,thatispossible.Atthe“MindoftheMarket”laboratoryatHarvardBusinessSchool,researchersarelookinginsideshoppers'skullstodevelopmoreeffectiveadvertisementsandmarketingpitches.Usingimagingtechniquesthatmeasurebloodflowtovariouspartsofthebrain,theHarvardteamhopestopredicthowconsumerswillreacttoparticularproductsandtodiscoverthemosteffectivewaystopresentinformation.StephenKosslyn,aprofessorofpsychologyatHarvard,andbusinessschoolprofessorGeraldZaltman,overseethelab.“Thegoalisnottomanipulatepeopies'preferenee”，saysKosslyn,“justtospeaktotheiractualdesires.Thegroup'sfindings,thoughstillpreliminary,couldradicallychangehowfirmsdevelopandmarketnewproducts.TheHarvardgroupusepositionemissiontopography(PET)scanstomonitorthebrainactivity.ThesePETscans,alongwithothernon-invasiveimagingtechniques;enableresearcherstoseewhichpartsofthebrainareactiveduringspecifictasks(suchasrememberingaword..Correlationshavebeenfoundbetweenbloodflowtospecificareasandfuturebehavior.Becauseofthis,Harvardresearchersbelievethescanscanalsopredictfuturepurchasingpatterns.Accordingtoanunpublishedpaperthegroupproduced,“Itispossibletousethesetechniquestopredictnotonlywhetherpeoplewillrememberandhavespecificemotionalreactionstocertainmaterials,butalsowhethertheywillbeinclinedtowantthosematerialsmonthslater.TheHarvardgroupisnowmovingintothenextstageofexperiments.Theywillexplorehowpeoplerememberadvertisementsaspartofanefforttopredicthowtheywillreacttoaproductafterhavingseenanad.Theresearchersbelievethatoncekeyareasofthebrainareidentified,scansonabouttwodozenvolunteerswillbeenoughtodrawconclusionsaboutthereactionsofspecificsegmentsofthepopulation.Largecorporations-includingCocaCola,EastmanKodak,GeneralMotors,andHallmark-havealreadysigneduptofundfurtherinvestigations.Fortheirfinancialsupport,thesefirmsgainaccesstotheexperimentsbutcannotcontrolthem.IfKosslynandZaltmanandtheirteamreallycanreadthemindofthemarket,thenconsumersmayfinditevenhardertogetthoseadvertisingjinglesoutoftheirheads.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbethebesttitleforthispassage?ReadingtheMindoftheMarketControllingtheConsumers'PreferencesImprovingtheStylesofAdvertisingFindingOuttheWaytoPredictWhydotheHarvardresearchersusescientifictechnologyintheexperiments?Becausetheydon'tbelievethesurveysdonebythemarketerscanleadtothetruth.

Becausetheyareaskedbythemarketerstofindadirectwaytoreadtheconsumers'thoughts.Becausetheywanttofindouthowtheadsinflueneepeople'sbrainactivityandemotionalresponsesetc.Becausetheyexpectthattheirexperimentscanbasicallyalterthemarketingstrategiesofproducts.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?Sometimespeoplewillconcealwhattheythinkwhenbeingquestionedbythemarketresearchers.StephenKosslynandGeraldZaltmanoverlooktheexperimentsandcriticizethepurposeofthestudy.Harvardresearchershavefoundthecorrespondingrelationsbetweenpeople'sbrainandbehavior.TherearemanylargeorganizationsendorsingandfinancingtheHarvardgroup'sfurtherinvestigation.Whatdoes“tospeaktd'inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphA.totalktomean?A.totalktotosaytoC.tocommunicateto D.torespondtoThelastsentenceofthispassageimpliesthatIftheexperiments'resultscanbeappliedtothepractice,thecustomerswillbeverylikelytobuythingsaccordingtotheads.

IftheHarvardgroupcansucceedinfinishingtheresearch,theywilluseitinattractingmoreandmoreandmoreandmoreconsumersintothemarket.ThefinancialsupportingcorporationssuchasCocaCola,GeneralMotorscanemploytheexperimentsintheirownmarketingTheconsumersmaydiscoverthatthoseadswillalwaysannoythembyjinglingoutoftheirheadsandcausethemheadaches.破解生詞模糊處理2.重現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系(1)反義superciliously傲慢地(2)并列(1)反義superciliously傲慢地(2)并列l(wèi)oquacious健談的(3)因果autocratic獨(dú)斷專行的phil愛(ài)phil愛(ài)(拉丁語(yǔ))Philanthropephotophilous 喜光的，嗜光的,適光的4.利用定義關(guān)系：如下動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，就是下定義:4.利用定義關(guān)系：如下動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，就是下定義:referto、meansdefine、beconsideredasberegardedas4Whatdoes“tospeakto'inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmean?totalktotosaytotocommunicatetotorespondto“Thegoalisnottomanipulatepeopies'preferences,saysKosslyn,“justtospeaktotheiractualdesires.句子理解題:標(biāo)志句子理解題：題干中明確指出原文的一整句話（固定成語(yǔ)、比喻句、長(zhǎng)難句），要求理解其含義解題思路：該句子看懂與否不重要（字面意思），重要的是上下文意思和作者的觀點(diǎn)Passage5MotorolaInc.,theworld'ssecond-largestmobilephonemake,willbeginsellingallofthetechnologyneededtobuildabasicmobilephonetooutsidemanufacturers,inakeychangeofstrategy.Theinventorofthecellphone,whichhasbeentroubledbymisstepscompoundedbyarecentindustryslumpinsales,istryingtobecomeaneutralproviderofmobiletechnologytorivals,withaneyetowardfosteringamuchlargermarketthanitcouldcreateitself.TheChicagoarea-basedcompany,consideredtohavethewidestrangeoftechnologiesneededtobuildaphone,saiditplannedtomakeavailablechips,adesignlayoutforthecomputerboard,software,developmenttoolsandtestingtools.Motorolahaspreviouslysuppliedmobilephonemanufacturerswithacoupleofitschips,butthisisthefirsttimethecompanywillofferitsentirelineofchipsaswellasadetailedblueprint.Mobilephonescontainavarietyofchipsandcomponentstocontrolpower,soundandamplification.AnalystssaidtheylikedthenewstrategybutwerecautiousaboutwhetherMotorola'smobilephonecompetitorswouldwanttobuythetechnologyfromarival.Thecompany,longknownforitstop-notch(等級(jí))engineeringculture,ishopingtoprofitfromitsmobilephonetechnologynowthatthebasictechnologytobuildamobilephonehaslargelybecomeacommodity.Motorolasaiditwillbeginofferingthetechnologybasedonthenext-generationGPRS(GlobalPacketRadioService)standardbecausemostmobilephonemakersalreadyhavetechnologyinplaceforcurrentdigitalphones.GPRSoffersfasteraccesstodatathrough“alwayson”networkconnections,andcustomersarechargedonlyfortheinformationtheyretrieve,ratherthanthelengthofdownload.BurgesssaidthenewbusinesswillnotconflictwithMotorola'sownmobilephonebusinessbecausethelatterwillremaincompetitivebyofferingadvaneedfeaturesanddesigns.Motorola'sphoneshavebeencriticizedasbeingtoocomplicatedandexpensivetomanufacture,butBurgesssaidMotorolawillsimplifythetechnologyinthephonesbyathird.Inadditiontobasictechnology,Burgesssaid,MotorolawouldalsoofferadditionalfeaturessuchasBluetooth,atechnologythatallowswirelesscommunicationsatashortdistanee,andGlobalPositioningSystem,whichtrackstheuser'swhereabouts,andMP3audiocapability.1.Theword “slump”inthefirstparagraphmaybereplacedby.A.slouchB.declineC.increaseD.stamp2.Accordingtothispassage,MotorolaIncA.istheworld'slargestmobilephonemakerB.istryingtobecomeamobiletechnologyproviderbesidesbeingamobilephonemakerC.willonlysellchipsofthemobilephonesD.isgoingtosellallitsmanufacturingplants3.Analystsdon'tthinkthatA.MotorolawillbesuccessfulB.thetechnologyofferedbyMotorolawillbeselectedbyitscompetitorsC.itscompetitorswillwanttobuythetechnologyfromitD.itsmobilephonescontainavarietyofchips4.ThetechnologysuppliedbyMotorolaisbasedonA.BluetoothfeaturesB.MP3audiocapabilityC.GlobalPositioningSystemD.GPRSstandard5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?GPRSoffersfasteraccesstodatathroughnetworkconnections,socustomersshouldpaymore.MotorolaInc.istheinventorofthecellphone.PreviouslyMotorolaonlysuppliedmobilephonemanufacturerswithsomeofitschips.MotorolaInc.isknownforitshigh-classengineeringculture.Passage6Hurricanesareviolentstormsthatcausemillionsofdollarsinpropertydamageandtakemanylives.Theycanbeextremelydangerous,andtoooftenpeopleunderestimatetheirfury.HurricanesnormallyoriginateasasmallareaofthunderstormsovertheAtlanticOceanwestoftheCapeVerdeIslandsduringAugustorSeptember.Forseveraldays,theareaofthestormincreasesandtheairpressurefallsslowly.Acenteroflowpressureforms,andwindsbegintowhirlaroundit.Itisblownwestward,increasinginsizeandstrength.Hurricanehuntersthenflyouttothestorminordertodetermineitssizeandintensityandtotrackitsdirection.Theydropinstrumentsforrecordingtemperature,airpressure,andhumidity濕度）,intothestorm.Theyalsolookatthesizeofwavesontheocean,theclouds,andtheeyeofthestorm.Theeyeisaregionofrelativecalmandclearskiesinthecenterofthehurricane.Peopleoftenlosetheirlivesbyleavingshelterwhentheeyehasarrived,onlytobecaughtintremendouswindsagainwhentheeyehaspassed.Oncetheforecastershavedeterminedthatitislikelythehurricanwillreachshore,theyissueahurricanewatchforalarge,generalareathatmaybeinthepathofthestorm.Later,whentheprobablepointofIandfallisclearer,theywillissueahurricanewarningforasomewhatmorelimitedarea.Peopleintheseareasarewisetostockuponnonperishablefoods,flashlightandradiobatteries,candles,andotheritemstheymayneedifelectricityandwaterarenotavailableafterthestorm.Theyshouldalsotrytohurricane-prooftheirhousesbybringinginlight-weightfurnitureandotheritemsfromoutsideandcoveringwindows.Peoplelivinginlow-lyingareasarewisetoevacuatetheirhousesbecauseofthestormsurge,whichisalargerushofwaterthatmaycomeashorewiththestorm.Hurricanesgenerallylosepowerslowlywhiletravelingoverland,butmanymoveouttosea,gatherupforceagain,andreturntoland.Astheymovetowardthenorth,theygenerallylosetheiridentityashurricanes.1.TheeyeofthehurricaneisthepowerfulcenterofthestormthepartthatdeterminesitsdirectiontherelativelycalmcenterofthestormD.thecenteroflowpressure2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Astormsurgeisadramaticincreaseinwindvelocity.B.Ahurricanewatchismoreseriousthanahurricanewarning.C.Fallingairpressureisanindicatorthatthestormisincreasinginintensity.D.Itissafetogooutsideoncetheeyehasarrived.3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowtoAvoidHurricanedamageB.ForecastingHurricanesC.ThedangerousHurricaneD.AtlanticStorms4.Thelow-lyingareasrefertothoseregionsthatA.closetothegroundlevelB.one-storeyflatC.flathousesD.neartothelowestlevelofhurricane5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamethodofprotectingone'shousefromahurricane?A.takingoutheavythingsB.movinginlight-weightfurnitureC.equippingthehousewithstonescoveringwindows實(shí)例講解Passage3TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.Privatebusinessmen,strivingtomakeprofits,producethesegoodsandservicesincompetitionwithotherbusinessmen;andtheprofitmotive,operatingundercompetitivepressures,largelydetermineshowthesegoodsandservicesareproduced.Thus,intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers,coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes,thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.Animportantfactorinamarket-orientedeconomyisthemechanismbywhichconsumerdemandscanbeexpressedandrespondedtobyproducers.IntheAmericaneconomy,thismechanismisprovidedbyapricesystem,aprocessinwhichpricesriseandfallinresponsetorelativedemandsofconsumersandsuppliesofferedbyseller-producers.Iftheproductisinshortsupplyrelativetothedemand,thepricewillbebidupandsomeconsumerswillbeeliminatedfromthemarket.If,ontheotherhand,producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost,thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers,whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.Thus,priceistheregulatingmechanismintheAmericaneconomicsystem.Theimportantfactorinaprivate-enterpriseeconomyisthatindividualsareallowedtoownproductiveresources(privateproperty),andtheyarepermittedtohirelabor,gaincontrolovernaturalresources,andproducegoodsandservicesforsaleataprofit.IntheAmericaneconomy,theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights,includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.1.InLine7,Para.1, “thedesireofindividualstomaximizetheir-”incomes meansAmericansareneversatisfiedwiththeirincomesAmericanstendtooverstatetheirincomesAmericanswanttohavetheirincomesincreasedAmericanswanttoincreasethepurchasingpoweroftheirincomes2.Thefirsttwosentencesinthesecondparagraphtellusthatproducerscansatisfytheconsumersbymechanizedproductionconsumerscanexpresstheirdemandsthroughproducersproducersdecidethepricesofproductssupplyanddemandregulateprices3.Accordingtothepassage,aprivate-enterpriseeconomyischaracterizedbyprivatepropertyandrightsconcernedmanpowerandnaturalresourcescontrolownershipofproductiveresourcesfreecontractsandprices4.Thepassageismainlyabout[A]howAmericangoodsareproduced[B]howAmericanconsumersbuytheirgoods[C]howAmericaneconomicsystemworks[D]howAmericanbusinessmenmaketheirprofits歷年真題2004年試題Passage2Depressionisastateoflowvitalityanddiscontentwithlifeinwhichtheindividualwithdrawsfromnormallifeactivitieseventothepointofconsideringdeathasanattractivealternative.Althougheveryoneexperiences“thebluesor'periodsoflowspiritswhennothinginlifeseemstogowell,wheneverythingseemstobeaneffort,andwheneffortsleadtofrustration,theseperiodsareusuallybriefandarelikelytooccurwhenthepersonistired,hungry,Ionely,orsick.Rest,goodfood,talkingwithfriends,somefun,and/oranendtothesicknessareusuallyenoughtocuretheblues.Butwhenthelowspiritspersist,orwhentherearelargeswingsinmoodfromelationtodesolation,whennothingseemstocatchtheinterestoftheperson,whenrelativesorfriendscannotcheerthepersonandheorshecontinuestowithdraw,thenthepersonisdepressed.Evensuchdepressionsarenormalundercertaincircumstances.Anyonewhoisfacedwithaseriousandpainfulillnessorthelossofalimb,isexhaustedbyrepeatednarrowescapesfromdeath(suchasoccursinwartime),hasbeenexposedtoadehumanizingenvironment(suchasoccurredwiththeJewsinNaziGermany),hashadanoverwhelmingseriesofstressfulsetbacks,orhasexperieneedthedeathofseveralfamilymemberswithinashorttimeisexpectedtobedepressed.However,therearemanydepressedpeoplewhoseemtothecasualobservertohavenoreasontobedepressed.Depressionunderthesecircumstancesstemsfromseverebehaviordisturbaneeinwhichthepersonseeshimselforherselfasworthless.Suchanimageisusuallytheresultofthepsychosocialconditioningofachildhooddeprivedofaparentairolemodelofsecurity,love,care,andattentionessentialforthedevelopmentoftrustingrelationships.Thedepressedpersonneedstobuildanewimageofhimselforherselfasausefulandneededperson.Psychotherapyisoftenhelpfulinrestoringnaturalinnerconfideneeandcapacityformeaningfulandtrustingrelationships.Thedepressedpersoncanfindlittlebeautyorfuninlife.Hisorhertalkisfilledwithgloomynegatives.Doomandanxietyfillhisorhermind.Depressionisoftencyclical,andwhentheanxietydoesliftthepersonmaydemonstrateanoppositeextremeofcarefreeirresponsibility.Althoughitoftentakesyearsofpsychotherapyfortheindividualtoworkthroughtheunderlyingsuspicionandangerofhisorherproblems,acceptancebyanotherwillgetthroughtoeventhemostdeeplydepressedpersoniftheotherissincere.Anattitudeofmatter-of-facthopefulnessonthepartofthosearoundthedepressedpersoncanreassurehimorherofeventualrecovery.Thedisturbedthoughtsofthedepressedpersoncannotbeforgottenuntiltheyarereplacedbyotherthoughts.Yet,indepression,thepersondoesnotseethatheorshehaschoicesaboutwhatthoughtsoccupyhisorhermind.Thepersonneedstoexplorealternativesforthoughtsandactionsandlearntocareforhimselforherselfenoughtomodifyhisorherownbehavior.66.Unlikeothers,accordingtothepassage,adepressedperson

islikelytorecoverinashortperiodoftimedoestorevealanyunderlyingcauseC.tendstostaywith“theblues”67.Fromaseriousandpainfulillnesstothedeathofseveralfamilymembers,theauthoristryingtotellusthatdepressionscanpotentiallybedetrimentaltomentalhealththeseverityofdepressionsvarieswithindividualsC.depressionsareoverwhelminglyprevailingdepressionsaresometimesinescapable68.Thosewhopresentnoreasontobedepressed,accordingtothepassage.needprotecttheirself-imagesneedaparentalrolemodelathomeC.canbehelpedpsychologicallytobeusefulandneededpersonscanbehelpedtorestoretheirtrustingrelationshipswiththeirparents69.C.tendstostaywith“theblues”67.Fromaseriousandpainfulillnesstothedeathofseveralfamilymembers,theauthoristryingtotellusthatdepressionscanpotentiallybedetrimentaltomentalhealththeseverityofdepressionsvarieswithindividualsC.depressionsareoverwhelminglyprevailingdepressionsaresometimesinescapable68.Thosewhopresentnoreasontobedepressed,accordingtothepassage.needprotecttheirself-imagesneedaparentalrolemodelathomeC.canbehelpedpsychologicallytobeusefulandneededpersonscanbehelpedtorestoretheirtrustingrelationshipswiththeirparents69.Theauthorimpliesthatwhatthedepressedpersonneedsmostis.A.sincerityB.acceptanceC.reassuraneeD.alloftheabove70.Underpsychotherapy,thedepressedpersonisencouagedA.tofreehisorhermindofanythoughtB.tofindsubstitutesforthedisturbedthoughtsC.toreassurehimselforherselfofearlyrecoveryD.toexploreasmanytherapeuticapproachesaspossible.Passage3Seanalivedistheinpatienthospiceunitformorethana.month,farIongerthananyonewouldhavepredicted,sustainedonlyonpainedificationsandPopsicles.LateMarchinChicagoisonlytechnicallyspring.Mostofthetimeitisstillcoldandovercast.However,thisdaywaswarm,60degreesandsunny.ItwasaSaturdayandweplannedtogooutsideafterIfinishedrounds.IfoundSeanabackontheunitsittinginherwheelchair,IVpoleandpumpsintow,herwintercoatpartiallycoveringherhospitalgown.Hersister-in-lawandCarla,hernurse'saide,werereadytogo,Everyonewasinagreatmood.Wewentdowntheelevator,intothebrightlysunlitoutdoors,andontothedrivewaybythewomen'shospital.Thoughtheinitialideawastojustsitinthesunabit,weweredrawntowardthesidewalk.Thereweretheusualsmokersoutside.thehospital,andthesmellofcigarettesmokewasthefirstthingInoticed.Itseemedhorribletocomeouthere,tohavethatsmellbethefirstthingtogreetSeana.Simultaneouswiththatthought,though,shesaid,“Whaawonderfulsmell!”askedherwhatsmellwassowonderfulandshesaidthatitsmelledlikeMcDonald's.Iwasthinking,shereallydoesappreciateeverything.Wewentontothesidewalkandwatchedafatherpitchingaballtohis4-year-oldson.Thecontin