動畫及特點 AnimationanditsCharacteristics動畫史AnimationandHistory動畫種類TypesandAnimation動畫風格StylesandAnimation動畫藝術家AnimationArtists動畫工作室AnimationStudio動畫片介紹AnimationFilm動畫節AnimationFestival動畫劇本寫作AnimationScriptWriting中間畫Inbetween色彩與材質ColorandMaterial運動Motion鏡頭入門FilmCamera合成Composting動畫軟件 AnimationSoftware動畫市場 AnimationMarket動畫產業 AnimationIndustry動畫產品 AnimationProducts動畫技術應用AppliedAnimationLessononeAnimationanditsCharacteristicsTextAnimationcomesfromtheLatinwordanimarewhichmeanstogivelifeto.Thisiswhatouranimatorsdo.Theycreatecharactersandbringthemtolife.Whetheraspoon,adogoraperson,allcharacterstakeonhumanmannerisms.IntheEnglishlanguageanimationismostlyassociatedwiththeworkoffilmmakers.Animationreferstotheprocessinwhicheach

frameofafilmormovieisproducedindividually,whethergeneratedasacomputergraphic,orbyphotographingadrawnimage,orbyrepeatedlymakingsmallchangestomodel(seeclaymation),andthenphotographingtheresult.Whentheframesarestrungtogetherandtheresultingfilmisviewedataspeedof16ormoreframespersecond,thereisan川usionofcontinuousmovement.Generatingsuchafilmisverylaborintensiveandtedious,thoughthedevelopmentofcomputeranimationhasgreatlyspeduptheprocess.Now,peoplebelieveanimationisgoodfor:Illustratingprocesses.Describingthingsnotpossibleinrealword.Summarizingcomplexreal-wordevents.NewwordsLatinn.拉丁文，拉丁語 modeln.模型animatorn.動畫師animatorn.動畫師charactern角色，人物stringv.排成一排illusionn.幻想，錯覺mannerismn.特殊習慣mannerismn.特殊習慣continuousadj.連續的associatedadj.關聯的；聯合的associatedadj.關聯的；聯合的intensiveadj.強烈的framen.framen.格，畫面producev倉作;弓I起individuallyadv.個別地，單獨地generatevt.生產graphicn.圖形labourintensive勞動密集型，勞動強度大的tediousadj.乏味的developmentn.發展illustratev.闡釋，圖解summarizev.概括imagen.圖像complexadj.復雜的PracticeMakejudgmentsaccordingtothetext.AnimationcomesfromaLatinword.Nowanimationmeansakindoffilm.Animationisgoodtodescribesomethingabstract.TranslateintoChineseWhetheraspoon,adogoraperson,allcharactertakeonhumanmannerisms.Animationreferstotheprocessinwhicheachframeofafilmormovieisproducedindividually,whethergeneratedasacomputergraphic,orbyphotographingadrawnimage,orbyrepeatedlymakingsmallchangestomodel(seeclaymation),andthenphotographingtheresult.Generatingsuchafilmisverylabourintensiveandtedious,thoughthedevelopmentofcomputeranimationhasgreatlyspeduptheprocess.TranslateintoEnglish.(1)小城的建筑呈現出拉丁風格。(2)我要成為一名動畫師。(3)動畫片每格24秒。(4)電腦動畫提高了動畫片生產的速度。LessontwoAnimationHistory

TextThehistoryofanimationthatmostpeoplearefamiliarwithistheDisneyversion.Youcanclearlyseethattothispoint.ThereweremanypeopleandstudiosthatcamebeforeDisney.ButtheinfluenceoftheDisneyanimatedfilmsshouldnotbeunderstated.DisneydesignedacharactercalledMortimerMouse.HelaterchangedthenametoMickey.TheyproducedtwosilentfilmswithMickey,butitwastheirthirdthatwasactuallyreleasedfirst.Thethirdfilmwas“SteamboatWillie”,whichnotonlymadeMickeyastar,butalsowastheveryfirstsoundcartoon.TheGoldenAgeofanimationisgenerallyconsideredtobetheperiodbetween1937andthelate1950 's.Duringthistimethestudiosproducedsomeofthebestandfunniestcartoonofalltime.Disneycontinuedtomakeanimatedfeatures,butalsoshortcartoonwithMickeyMouse,DonaldDuck,Goofy.In1960's,peoplewerestayinghomemorefortheirentertainmentthangoingout.Thiscreatedanewdemand,butrequiredanewkindofstudio,onethatcouldproducealotmoreanimationinmuchshortertime.Televisiontookoff.1n1977,theworldchangedwith“StaWars"Thisreallyusheredintheageofthespecialeffects.MuchlikeDisneydidin1930 's,peopleinvestedalotofenergyandmoneyintoR&D,andgreatlyimprovedthequalityandquantityofanimatedvisualeffects.Computersanimationalsotookoff.TheoriginalCGstudiosandanimationforcommercials,andflyinglogosfornetworkTV.Andasthecomputerhardwaredroppedinprice,newerCGstudioscametotaketheirplace.StudioslikePixarandBlueSkybeganduringthistime.Also,inthelate1980 'spersonalcomputerswerebecomingmorecapable,andthefirstdesktopCGanimationtoolsstartedcomingout.Mostoftoday 's3Dtooltracedbacktotheseprograms.NotesPixar皮克斯StarWar星球大戰Pixar皮克斯StarWar星球大戰ET外星人R&D研發工作NewWordsversionn.譯文，版本versionn.譯文，版本studiosn工作室influencen.影響，感應，感化understatev保守地說，輕描淡寫demandn需求usherv引導,展示invest投資quantityn.數量visualadj.視覺的Practice1.MakejudgementsaccordingtothetextDisneyisthefirstanimationproducer.SteamboatisthefirstfilmwithMickey.releasevff放，發行steamboatn蒸汽船entertainmentn.娛樂，娛樂表演，款待originaladj.最初的，獨創的，新穎的commercialn.（廣播，電視的）廣告logon.標志tracev.追蹤，探索，上溯Goldenageofanimationisbetween1937and1950 's.Inthe1960 's,TVanimationshowbecamepopular.Computerhasgreatlyimprovedthequalityandquantityofanimatedvisualeffects.TranslateintoChinese.Thethirdfilmwas “SteamboatWillie”,whichnotonlymadeMickeyastar,butalsowastheveryfirstsoundcartoon.Disneycontinuedtomakeanimatedfeatures,butalsoshortcartoonwithMickeyMouse,DonaldDuck,Goofy.In1960 's,peoplewerestayinghomemohefoentertainmentthangoingout.Andasthecomputerhardwaredroppedinprice,newerCGstudioscametotaketheirplace.Also,inthelate1980'personalcomputerswerebecomingmorecapable,andthefirstdesktopCGanimationtoolsstartedcomingout.

TranslateintoEnglish.(1)不僅孩子們，就連大人們也喜歡動畫片(2)他不僅喜歡動畫片，而且喜歡游戲。(3)中國動畫發展很快(4)沒有人能夠替代迪斯尼在動畫史上的位置。(5)中國動畫的發展是不容低估的。LessonThreeTypesofAnimationTextThecutoutstyle,representedmostnotablybyMontyPythonandSouthPark,involvescuttingactorsandscenesoutofpaper,jointingoroverlayingthem,andcapturethemovementframe-by-frame.However,thedigitalagehasmadethistediousprocessobsolete.Thismoreobscure,butstilluseful(sincetheresnodigitaeeofeeqfLanailBaThismoreobscure,butstilluseful(sincetheresnodigitaeeofeeqfLanailBat)ontyinvolvesthemanipulatethesandusingtoolsoryourfingers,andthenphotographtheindividualframeswithacamera,eitherfilmofvideo.Youcanalsodropthesandonasheetofglassandplacethatontopofscanner.Thismethodgivesyoua“flatterlo6k,sincetheimagesarecapturedfrombelow.Thismethodusesusesmonochromaticsand,butcoloredsandmayalsobeused.Youcanalsotrypaintforasimilartechnique,especiallyifyouuseoils,whichtakealongtimetodry.Youcanthenmanipulatetheimageoveranumbersofdays.Inclayanimation,eachobjectissculptedinclayorasimilarlypliablematerialsuchasplasticineandthenarrangedontheset.ashotistakenandthentheobjectorcharacterismovedslightlyagain.Toachievethebestresult,aconsistentshootingenvironmentisneededtomaintainingthe川usionofcontinuity.Thismeanspayingspecialattentiontomaintainingconsistentlightingandobjectplacement.Producingaclayanimationisextremelylaborious.Normalfilmrunsat24framespersecond,sothisprocessmustberepeated24timesforeachsecondoffinishedanimation.Asanexampleofthelaborintensivenessofclaymation,thefeaturelengthanimationChickenRuntookaproductionteamof300people2yearstocomplete.

Notedigitalage數字化時代digitalage數字化時代ChickenRun小雞快跑cutoutn.剪紙圖畫representv.表現，描繪，代表notablyadv顯著地,明顯地involvev.包括，使陷入jointv.連接overlayv覆蓋digitalv.捕捉tediousadj.沉悶的obsoleteadj.過時的obscureadj.晦澀的，模糊地equivalentn.相等物manipulationn.操縱，處理scannern.掃描儀flatterv.勝過實物monochromaticadj.單色的sculptv雕刻，造型pliableadj.圓滑柔韌的plasticinen.橡皮泥arrangev.安排slightlyadv細微地consistentadj.一致的，調和的continuityn.連貫性extremelyadv.極端地laboriousadj.艱苦的，費力的PracticeMakejudgementsaccordingtothetextCutoutstyleisstillimportant.Cutoutstylebecomeseasierduringthedigitalages.Youcanusevideotoproduceasandanimation.Clayanimationisfilmedframebyframe.Clayanimationcanbeproducedveryeasily.TranslateintoChinese.Youcanalsodropthesandonasheetofglassandplacethatontopofscanner.Nowanimationisofferingdigitalcontenttointernetandmobilephones.GovernmentofFrancesupportthedevelopmentofitsanimation.TheSpanishanimationindustryhasthelowestlaborcost.TV3isakeysupportofSpanishanimation.BerlinisananimationcenterinGerman.Allcountrieshavebeenbenefitedfromanimationglobalization.TranslateintoChinese.Theworldofanimations,whichoffersentertainmentasaformofvisualart,hasevolvedintoacharacter-basedbusinesswiththepotentialtoexpanditsbusinessbasethroughofferingdigitalcontenttomediasuchastheinternetandmobilephones.CNCalsoprovidesfundstosupporttheproductionofpilotpro-grammes,whichgivesFrenchproducersacompetitiveadvantageinobtaininginternationalsales.EasternEurope,whichhasatraditionofproducinghighqualityanimation,isalsoabeneficiaryoftheglobalexpansioninanimation.TranslateintoEnglish(1)他花了很多時間學習三維動畫。(2)動畫產業的發展提供了更多的工作機會。(3)媒體和政府對中國動畫產業的支持是至關重要的。(4)生產轉包合同對中國動畫沒什么好處。(5)中國具有生產有特色的，高水準動畫片的傳統。(6)中國動畫片市場正在擴大。LessonEighteenAnimationProductsTextAnimationcanbemarketedastoys,boardgames,orcomputergames.Knowwhatagelevelyou'llbetargeting,youcaneverntestorybooksusingthelivesofyourclientswhocouldbechildreniftheparentsgiveinformationandspecifywhatkindofstorybookor

cartoontheywantwiththe “avatar"or“robotimage“orphotographoftheirchild.Youwoutwiththeparentwhatkindofeducationalstoryapproachyouwanttotakewithanimationandscriptwiththefamily.Itmakesafascinatingbirthdaypartypresentationandgift.Formlivestograndopeningsofstores,youaremakingatoyorlifestorywithanimationscriptanddesign.Between1984and1986afloodofanimationbeganbeingturnedoutforsyndication.Throughtheadvertisingagencyroute,animationwriterstrainedonthejobtoselltoysandwomensproducts.Theywrotecopyforadvertisementsandanimationscripts.Animationwritersmarketedtoystochildrenandskincareproductsprimarilytowomen.Nowbasedonanimations,moreandmoreproductsarebeingsold,suchasgreetingcards,serviettes,dishes,mugs,toys,rugs,T-shirts,towelsandkites.Note.boardgame在棋盤上玩的游戲.skincareproducts護膚產品NewWordsmarketv.營銷marketv.營銷targetv瞄準目標clientn.客戶specifyv.詳州3說明avatarn天神下凡robotn.機器人educationaladj有教育意義的approachv靠近fascinatingadj.迷人的presentationn陳述，贈送giftn.禮物floodn.洪水syndicationn.企業聯合組織advertisingadj.廣告的agencyn代理routen_M線servietten.餐巾mugn.杯rugn.毯子toweln.毛巾Practice.Makejudgementsaccordingtothetext.Mostchildrenlikestoryavatar.Inthe1980sanimationcametosyndication.Animatorusedtoselltoys.(4)Moreandmoreanimationhavebeenmarketingastoys,games.Writersalwaysgetsuggestionsfromchildren 'sparents..TranslateintoChinese.Knowwhatageyou'llbetargeting,youcanevenwritestorybooksusingthelivesofyourclientwhocouldbechildreniftheparentsgiveinformationandspecifywhatkindofstorybookorcartoontheywantwiththeavatarof “robotimage“orphotographoftheirchildreBetween1984and1986afloodofanimationbeganbeingturnedoutforsyndication.Throughtheadvertisingagencyroute,animationwriterstrainedonthejobtoselltoysandwomensproducts.0.TranslateintoEnglish.(1)動畫片既要有教育意義，又要有趣。(2)有的廣告很有作用。LessonNineteenAppliedAnimationTextUsingcomputeranimationinflightsimulationisaveryusefultool.Usinganimationaprogrammercanreplicaterealtimeflying.Bycreatingacamerashowingtheviewthroughthecockpitwindow,apilotcouldflythrougheithervirtualwordsorrealanimatedplaceswithallthenaturaldisasters,anddifficultiesthatcouldhappenifflyingarealplane.Inthisvirtualworld,thepilotwouldwitnesstheusualdistractionsthatarealpilotwould,forinstance,transportbusesmovedrivealongtherunway,andotherplanestakeoffandland.Theprogrammercanputanytypeofweatherconditionorscenariointotheanimation.Fogcanbemadeforanythickness,andsimulationcloudsisjustaseasy.Inlightingstormstheprogrammercanprogramtheanimationtolightupthescreeneachtimethereisalighting.

EvenbeforetheveryfirstBoeing777wasflown,pilotsknewhowtoflyit.Creatingtheanimationsfortheflightsimulatorscantakeuptoeighteenmouthstocreate.Thereasonforthislongwaitisthatmajorairportsareusuallylocatednearcities,andtheanimationhavetoanimatethebuildingsthatstandout,orthatarewellknown.Largebuildingshavetobemodeledthreeoffourtimesatdifferentdetaillevelseachtimetomaketheillusionofthebuildinggrowinglargerandmoredetailedasthepilotflycloser.Note.Boeing777波音777NewWordsflightn.飛行simulationn.flightn.飛行simulationn.模擬replicatev.復制cockpitn.駕駛艙virtualadj.虛擬的disastern災害difficultyn.困難happenv發生witnessv.見證distractionn.分心、instancen事例transportn運輸runwayn.跑道landv.著陸scenarion特定的情節，游戲的關卡fogn.霧thicknessn濃度stormn.風暴airportn.機場locatev.坐落modelv.建模detailn.細節PracticeMakejudgementsaccordingtothetext.Animationcanstimulateallconditions,soit'susefulforthepilots.It'sdifficulttocreatesuchastimulationsystem.Itneedsalotofprogramworktostimulateallconditions.It'sagoodwaytotrainnewpilots.TranslateintoChinese.Bycreatingacamerashowingtheviewthroughthecockpitwindow,apilotcouldflythrougheithervirtualworldsorrealanimatedplaceswithallthenaturaldisasters,anddifficultiesthatcouldhappenifflyingarealplane.Inthisvirtualworld,thepilotwouldwitnesstheusualdistractionsthatarealpilotwould,forinstance,transportbusesmovedrivealongtherunway,andotherplanestakeoffandland.(3)Largebuildingshavetobemodeledthreeorfourtimesatdifferentdetaillevelseachtimetomaketheillusionofthebuildinggrowinglargerandmoredetailedasthepilotflycloser.TranslateintoEnglish(1)電腦和動畫可以創造出來一個完全的虛擬世界。1一月二月三月產品名稱數量金額利潤產品名稱