書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-大理護理職業學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itisafactthattheoldsuperstitiousbeliefsstill______overthepeople’smindinsomecountries.

問題1選項

A.grip

B.hover

C.holdsways

D.control

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項grip“緊握，夾緊”，B項hover“盤旋，翱翔，徘徊”，C項holdsways“支配，統治”，D項control“控制”。根據句子意思“這是一個事實，舊的迷信仍然……一些國家的人們的頭腦”可知，空格處填入C項最符合語境。句意：這是事實，在一些國家，舊的迷信仍然支配著人們的思想。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

2.單選題

Thisbookisexpectedto____thebest-sellerlists.

問題1選項

A.promote

B.prevail

C.dominate

D.exemplify

【答案】C

【解析】

【選項釋義】

A.promote促進；推動B.prevail普遍存在；盛行；流行

C.dominate支配；控制；左右；影響D.exemplify是……的典型（或典范、榜樣）

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：這本書有望……暢銷書排行榜。根據句意，這本書應該是能夠在排行榜上居榜首，因此選C選項dominate“支配；控制；左右；影響”支配榜首可引申為在排行榜上占主導地位的意思，符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項均不符合句意。

【句意】這本書有望在暢銷書排行榜上占據主導地位。

3.單選題

TomandRachelLeihbachei’sfriendshavealwaysbeeninstrumentalintheirlives.

問題1選項

A.approachable

B.thoughtful

C.functional

D.helpful

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。instrumental表示“樂器的，有幫助的，儀器的”；A項approachable“親切友善的，易理解的，可接近的”，B項thoughtful“深思的，體貼的，關切的”，C項functional“功能的”，D項helpful“有幫助的，有益的”。句意：湯姆和雷切爾雷巴赫的朋友在他們的生活中一直很有幫助。根據句意可知，instrumental在句中表示“有幫助的”，D項的意思符合句子。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

4.單選題

Audiobooksofferreaderstheoptionoflisteningtoabookthathasbeennarratedandrecordedontoacassetteorcompactdisc.

問題1選項

A.retold

B.released

C.related

D.recalled

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.retold（通常以不同的方式）復述，重新講述B.released釋放，放出

C.related敘述，講述，講（故事）D.recalled記起，回憶起

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】narrated的意思為“講（故事），敘述”，指的是把書中的內容敘述一遍，related與之詞義相近，因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】有聲書為讀者提供了一種選擇，他們可以在磁帶或光盤上聽以講述方式呈現的書。

5.單選題

Theuseofsoundiswidespreadas（

）ofanimalcommunicateon.

問題1選項

A.ameans

B.ways

C.atool

D.signals

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。ameans方法，手段；ways方法，道路，方向；atool工具；signal信號，標志。句意：聲音被廣泛地用作動物交流的手段。由is單數可直接排除B項與D項；聲音應該是動物交流的一種手段而不是工具。答案A

6.單選題

Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslywhenhesawthedogatthedoor.

問題1選項

A.carefully

B.deliberately

C.nervously

D.bravely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。cautiously“小心地；謹慎地”；A選項carefully“小心地”；B選項deliberately“故意地”；C選項nervously“神經質地；焦急地”；D選項bravely“勇敢地；無畏地”。句意：推銷員看到門口的狗，小心翼翼地走近房子。根據句中“whenhesawthedogatthedoor在看見門口的狗后”可知cautiously在這里的意思應為“小心地”，因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen’s.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinitestructuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses—thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargeandprobablyricherinnervefibersthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatstructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis“What”andifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinbornandaresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatitistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforword-handling,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetterconnection.

Butitisn’tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat“languagesubjects”andboysbetteratmath’sandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan’tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon’tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectsandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviacorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvingintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,braindifferencesarecausedby______factors.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepsychologists’attitudetowardstheissuethatwomen’smindsaredifferentfrommen’s?

3.“Thesedifferences”inParagraph5referstothosein______.

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorsuggestsmoreworkon______.

5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.biological

B.psychological

C.mental

D.social

問題2選項

A.Theyusedtoconsidertheissueuninterestingandnotworthresearching.

B.Theyfindthatthedifferenceisattributedtotheinfluenceofthesociety.

C.Theyhavealreadygivenupfindingouttherealcauseofthedifference.

D.Theystudytheissuefromaperspectivedifferentfromthatofthebiologists.

問題3選項

A.activitiescarriedoutbythebrain

B.thebrainstructureofmenandwomen

C.theperformanceonschoolsubjects

D.theskillsofmenandwomen

問題4選項

A.thebrainstructureasawhole

B.thedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen

C.thefunctioningofpartsofthebrain

D.theeffectsofthetrunkline10.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

問題5選項

A.Toproposenewfieldsinbrainresearch.

B.Tooutlinetheresearchfindingsonthebrainstructure.

C.Todiscussthevariouscausesofstructuraldifferencesinbrain.

D.Toexplaintherelationshipbetweengenderandbrainstructure.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節事實題。題干意思是“根據文章，大腦的差異是由……因素造成的”。第三段提到Wetendtothinkthatitistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?（我們傾向于認為是社會的影響造成了這些差異。但我們可能錯了嗎？），聯系后文并沒有否定這個認為，因此D項“社會”符合題意；A項“生理”、B項“心理”和C項“精神”在文中都沒有明確提到是其因素。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】觀點態度題。題干意思是“以下哪一個最好地描述了心理學家對女性的思想不同于男性這一問題的態度？”。根據第一段中的Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen’s.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.（女性的思維方式與男性不同。至少，大多數人是這么認為的。心理學家認為，這個主題要么是一件令人沮喪的事情，要么就是一個笑話）可推斷，心理學家對于男女思維方式不同這個話題的態度是他們已經不在乎造成這個差異的真正原因了，C項“他們已經放棄了找出差異的真正原因”正確；A項“他們過去認為這個問題無趣，不值得研究”文章未提及；B項“他們發現這種差異是由于社會的影響”不是心理學家的觀點；D項“他們從不同于生物學家的角度研究這個問題”與原文意思相反。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】語義推測題。題干意思是“第五段中的‘這些差異’指的是這些在……上的差異”。根據題干定位到文章第五段，倒數第二句提到Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat“languagesubjects”andboysbetteratmath’sandphysics.（在世界各地的學校里，女孩往往比男孩在“語言科目”上表現更好，而男孩在數學和物理方面表現更好），接著就提到了Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.（如果這些差異與半球主干道上的差異相一致，那么兩性之間就存在著不可改變的區別），可知，thesedifference指的就是女性和男性在學業表現上的差異，C項“學業課程的表現”正確；A項“由大腦進行的活動”、B項“男人和女人的大腦結構”和D項“男人和女人的技能”在該段都未提及。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“在最后一段中，作者建議在……上做更多的工作”。根據最后一段Weshan’tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon’tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectsandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviacorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvingintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.（我們一時半會兒還不知道，部分原因是我們不知道學?？颇康哪芰εc大腦兩個半球的運作之間的任何精確關系，我們也不知道這兩個半球是如何通過胼胝體相互作用的。但這種顯著的差異一定有影響，因為這種差異存在于涉及智力的大腦部位，我們應該尋找智力處理方面的差異。）可以推知，在最后一段，作者建議研究大腦的運作，C項“大腦各部分的運作”符合題意；A項“大腦的整體結構”和B項“男人和女人之間的差異”表述不正確；D項“大腦干線的作用”只是其中一部分。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“這篇文章的主要目的是什么？”。文章開頭提出男女大腦結構存在差異，接著進一步指明差異在于大腦半球的連接，且差異是由于社會的影響造成的；但目前對于男女技能差異和大腦結構的差異之間的關系沒有任何確切的認知，也不知道大腦兩半球是如何相互作用的；最后文章指出Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvingintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.（但這種顯著的差異一定有影響，因為這種差異存在于涉及智力的大腦部位，我們應該尋找智力處理方面的差異），因此我們可以推斷，文章的目的是提出大腦研究的方向，A項“提出大腦研究的新領域”符合題意；B項“概述關于大腦結構的研究成果”、C項“討論造成大腦結構差異的各種原因”和D項“解釋性別和大腦結構的關系”都只是文章的一部分內容，而不是目的。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

8.單選題

Nearlyeverybodycheats,butusuallyonlyalittle.ThatisoneofthethemesinDnanelAriely’snewbook“the(Honest)TruthAboutDishonesty”.Mostofusthinkweareverywonderful.Wecancheatatalittleandstillkeepthat“goodparson”identity.

Ariely,whoisoneofthemostcreativesocialscientistsontheplanet,hadoneblindcolleagueandonesightedcolleaguetakerides.Thedriverscheatedthesightedcolleaguebytakinglongroutesmuchmoreoftenthantheycheatedtheblindone,eventhoughshewouldhavebeeneasiertomislead.Theywouldhavefeltguiltycheatingablindwoman.Arielypointsoutthatwearedrivenbymoralitymuchmorethanstandardeconomicmodelsallow.ButIwasstruckbywhatyoumightcallthegoodpersonconstructandthemoralcalculusitimplies.Forthepastseveralcenturies,mostwesternerswouldhaveidentifiedthemselvesfundamentallyasdepravedsinners.Inthisconstruct,sinissomethingyoufightlikearecurringcancer―partofadailybattleagainstevil.

Butthesedays,peoplearemorelikelytobelieveintheiressentialgoodness.Peoplewholivebythegoodpersonconstructtrytobalancetheirvirtuousself-imagewiththeirselfishdesires.Theytrytomanagethemoralplusesandminusesandkeeptheiroverallrecordinpositiveterritory.Inthisconstruct,morallifeismorelikedieting:thegoodpersonisn’tshootingforperfectionandmorethanmostdietersarefollowingtheirdiet100percent.It’senoughtobeworkablysuboptimalandagenerallygoodguy.

Obviously,though,there’sameasurementproblem.Youcanbuyaweightscaletogetanobjectivemeasureofyourdiet.Butyoucan’tbuyascaleofvirustoputonthebathroomfloor.Andgivenourawesomecapacitiesforrationalizationandself-deception,mostofusaregoingtomeasureourselvesleniently.IwashonestwiththatblindpassengerbecauseIamawonderfulperson.Icheatedthesightedonebecausesheprobablyhastoomuchmoneyanyway.

Thekeyjobinthegoodpersonconstructistomanageyourrationalizationsandself-deceptionstokeepthemfromgettingconspicuous.Arielysuggestsyouresetyourmoralgaugefromtimetotime.Yourmoralstandardswillgraduallyslipasyoubecomemoreandmorecomfortableyou’reyourownrationalizations.

I’daddthatyoureallyshouldn’tshootforgoodness,whichissovague.We’remostlyunqualifiedtojudgeourownmoralperformance,soattachyourselftosomeexteriororsocialstandards.Andaswegoaboutdoingourgoodpersonmoraleducations,itmightbeworthasking:Isthisgoodenough?

1.TowhichofthefollowingstatementwouldArielyagree?

2.Westerntraditionalculturemaintainedthathumannatureis（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,goodpersonconstruct

（

）.

4.Theword“leniently”inparagraph4mostprobablymeans（

）.

問題1選項

A.AbitofdeceptioninvitesnoHarm.

B.Weareunlikelytobetrulyhonest.

C.Wearedrivenbyeconomicmodels.

D.Peopletendtoclingtomoralcodes.

問題2選項

A.inherentlygood

B.subjecttoexteriorinfluence

C.geneticallydetermined

D.originallyevil

問題3選項

A.isdesirableforitsmoralimplications

B.contributetotheresistancetoinnersin

C.ismorelikelytoencouragedishonesty

D.caneaseconflictsbetweenvirtuesandselfishness

問題4選項

A.honestly

B.falsely

C.tolerantly

D.subjectively

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節事實題。由文章第一段中的Nearlyeverybodycheats,butusuallyonlyalittle.ThatisoneofthethemesinDnanelAriely’snewbook“the(Honest)TruthAboutDishonesty”.（幾乎人人都會欺騙他人，雖然通常只是一點點。這也是DnanelAriely的新書《不誠實的事實》中的主題之一）可知B選項“我們不太可能真正誠實”符合題意。

2.細節事實題。由文章第二段中的Forthepastseveralcenturies,mostwesternerswouldhaveidentifiedthemselvesfundamentallyasdepravedsinners.（在過去的幾個世紀里，大多數西方人都會認定自己從根本上是墮落的罪人）可知選D，西方傳統文化認為人性本惡。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的It’senoughtobeworkablysuboptimalandagenerallygoodguy.（成為一個欠佳的人，但總體上是一個好人就足夠了）可推測在goodpersonconstruct結構下人們對自己的要求降低了，以及本文主要講的是關于誠實的話題，那么人們也就不那么誠實了，因此選C。

4.詞義題。honestly意為“誠實地”；falsely意為“虛偽地，不實地”；tolerantly意為“寬容地，包容地”；subjectively意為“主觀地”。由Andgivenourawesomecapacitiesforrationalizationandself-deception,mostofusaregoingtomeasureourselvesleniently.（鑒于我們在合理化和自欺欺人方面令人敬畏的能力，我們大多數人都會……衡量自己）可知我們會用欺騙的手段合理化自己行為，因此排除A、D選項；由leniently后面句中的Iamawonderfulperson可知我們給自己的定位是好人，可排除B選項，因此選C。

9.單選題

Contestantswhodonot（）theregulationswillbedisqualified.

問題1選項

A.cooperatewith

B.complywith

C.approve

D.submitto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項cooperatewith“合作，協作”；B選項complywith“遵從，依照”；C選項approve“贊成”；D選項submitto“屈服，順從”。句意：不遵守規定的參賽者將被取消參賽資格。本句表示遵守比賽規定。因此B選項正確。

10.單選題

InAustria,wherefertilefarmlandislimited,crops（）.

問題1選項

A.areonthesidesofmountainsoftengrown

B.oftenareonthesidesofmountainsgrown

C.aregrownonthesidesoftenofmountains

D.areoftengrownonthesidesofmountains

【答案】D

【解析】考查句型結構辨析。often作為副詞修飾動詞，因此可排除B選項、D選項。onthesidesofmountains，介詞短語充當狀語，應當放在句尾，所以排除A選項。句意：在奧地利，肥沃的農田有限，農作物通常種植在山的兩側。因此答案為D選項。

11.單選題

ThefirstnavigationallightsintheNewWorldwereprobablylanternshungatharborentrances.ThefirstlighthousewasputupbyMassachusettsBayColonyin1716onLittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor.Paidforandmaintainedby“lightdues”leviedonships,theoriginalbeaconwasblownupin1776.Bythentherewereonlyadozenorsotruelighthousesinthecolony.Littleoveracenturylater,therewere700lighthouses.

ThefirstlighterectedontheWestCoastinthe1850sfeaturedthesamebasicNewEnglanddesign:aCapeCoddwellingwiththetowerrisingfromthecenterorstandingcloseby.InNewEnglandandelsewhere,though,lighthousesreflectedavarietyofarchitecturalstyles.SincemoststationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminences,enormoustowerswerenottherule.Someweremadeofstoneandbrick,othersofwoodormetal.Somestoodonpilingsorstilts;somewerefastenedtorockwithironrods.Farthersouth,fromMarylandthroughtheFloridaKeys,thecoastwaslowandsandy.Itwasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowersthere—massivestructureslikethemajesticCapeHatteras,NorthCarolina,lighthouse,whichwaslitin1870.At190feet,itisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry.

Notwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstruction,mostAmericanlighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alight,livingquartersandsometimesabell(or,later;afoghorn).Theyalsohadsomethingelseincommon:akeeperand,usuallythekeeper’sfamily.Thekeeper’sessentialtaskwastrimmingthelanternwickinordertomaintainasteady,brightflame.Theearliestkeeperscamefromeverywalkoflife--theywereseamen,farmers,mechanics,roughmillhands—andappointmentswereoftenhandedoutbylocalcustomscommissionersaspoliticalplums.Aftertheadministrationoflighthouseswastakenoverin1852bytheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoard,anagencyoftheTreasuryDepartment,thekeepercorpsgraduallybecamehighlyprofessional.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.WhydoestheauthormentiontheMassachusettsBayColony?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatlighthousesintheNortheastdidnotneedhightowersbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,wherecanthetallestbricklighthouseintheUnitedStatesbefound?

5.Inthesecondsentenceofparagraph3,whichofthefollowingdoestheword“They”referto?

問題1選項

A.TheLighthouseonLittleBrewsterIsland

B.TheLifeofaLighthouseKeeper

C.EarlyLighthousesintheUnitedStates

D.TheModernProfessionofLighthouse-Keeping

問題2選項

A.ItwastheheadquartersoftheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoard.

B.Manyofthetallestlighthouseswerebuiltthere.

C.Thefirstlanternwicksweredevelopedthere.

D.ThefirstlighthouseinNorthAmericawasbuiltthere.

問題3選項

A.shiptherehadhighmasts

B.coastalwatersweresafe

C.thecoastwasstraightandunobstructed

D.thelighthousewerebuiltonhighplaces

問題4選項

A.LittleBrewsterIsland

B.TheFloridaKeys

C.CapeHatteras

D.CapeCod

問題5選項

A.Lighthouses

B.Differences

C.Quarters

D.Feature

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。題目問的是“以下哪個最適合做文章的標題？”。文章主要介紹了新世界早期的燈塔建設、特點還有發展，所以選項C“美國早期的燈塔”符合題意。

第2題:細節事實題。題目問的是“為什么作者要提到馬薩諸塞灣殖民地？”文章第一段提到“第一個燈塔是馬薩諸塞灣殖民地1716年在波士頓港灣的入口小布魯斯特島建造的”（ThefirstlighthousewasputupbyMassachusettsBayColonyin1716onLittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor），由此可知，選項D“北美第一個燈塔是在那里建立的”符合題意。

第3題:細節事實題。題目問的是“從文章中可知東北部的燈塔不需要高塔的原因是什么？”文章第二段提到“由于東北部的大多數燈塔都是修建在巖石高地上，所以那里一般沒有很大的高塔”（SincemoststationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminences,enormoustowerswerenottherule），因此選項D符合題意。

第4題:細節事實題。題目問的是“根據文章可知美國最高的用磚頭修建的燈塔在哪里？”文章第二段提到“在那里需要修建高的燈塔，比如1870年修建的位于北卡羅萊納州哈特拉斯角處的宏偉燈塔那樣的大型建筑。高190英尺，是這個國家最高的用磚頭修建的燈塔”（Itwasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowersthere—massivestructureslikethemajesticCapeHatteras,NorthCarolina,lighthouse,whichwaslitin1870.At190feet,itisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry），因此選項C符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。題目問的是“第三段第二句話中的‘they’指什么？”文章第三段第一句話提到“盡管在外表和結構上大部分美國燈塔有幾個共同特征：有燈、生活住所和一個鐘表（之后用的是喇叭）”（Notwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstruction,mostAmericanlighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alight,livingquartersandsometimesabell(or,later;afoghorn)）；第三段第二句話提到“它們還有別的共同點”（theyalsohadsomethingelseincommon），從這里可知they指的是前面的lighthouse。選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

Walkingthroughmytrainyesterday,staggeringfrommyseattothebuffetandback,IcountedfivepeoplereadingHarryPotternovels.Notchildren-thesewererealgrown-upsreadingchildren’sbooks.

Maybethatwouldhavebeenunderstandable.Ifthesepeoplehadjumpedwhole-heartedlyintoasecondchildhooditwouldhavemademoresense.Buttheywerecard-carryinggrown-upswithlaptopsandspreadsheetsreturningfromsalesmeetingsandseminars.Yettheychosetoreadachildren’sbook.

Idon’timagineyou’llfindthisheadcountexceptional.YoucannolongergetontheLondonTubeandnotseeaHarryPotterbook.Norisitjustthefilm;thesethrowbackreaderswereoutthereindroveslongbeforethemoviecampaignopened.

SowhoaretheseadultreaderswhohavemadeJ.K.Rowlingthesecond-biggestfemaleearnerinBritain(afterMadonna)AsIhavetrampedalongstreetsknee-deepinHarryPotterpaperbacks,I’vementallyslottedthemintothreegroups.

FirstcometheNever-Readers,whomHarryhasenticedintoopeningabook.Isthisabadthingprobablynot.Writinghasmanyadvantagesoverfilm,butitcannevercompetewithitsmagneticpunch.Ifthesebookscanre-establishthenovelasathrillingexperienceforsomepeople,thenthiscanonlybeforthebetter.Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.

ThesecondgrouparetheOccasionalReaders.Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.It’sinfuriating,andmaddening.Yes,I’mawritermyself,currentlywritingdifficult,unreadable,hopefullyunsettlingnovels,buttherearesomanyothergoodbooksoutthere,somuchrewarding,enlightening,enlargingworksoffictionforadults;andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.

ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwanandBalzac,RothandDickens.Thisistherealbaffler—whatonearthdotheygetoutofreadingit?Whybother?Butiftheycallrattlethroughitinaweekjusttosaythey’vebeenthere—likegoingtoLongleatortheEiffelTower—theworstthey’redoingisencouragingothers.

1.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Theauthorbelievesthatmanyadultsread（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theNever-Readers（）.

4.TheOccasionalReadersarereferredtoassadcasesbecause（）.

5.What’sthebadeffectofthewaytheRegularReadersreadHarryPatter?

6.ThemainculpritforthismadnessaboutHarryPotterismostprobably（）.

問題1選項

A.TheworldwidepopularityofHarryPotter.

B.AdultsbenefitingfromreadingHarryPotter.

C.TheoriginofHarryPotterasachildren’sbook.

D.ReflectionsonHarryPotter’spopularityamongadults.

問題2選項

A.tofollowsuit

B.toenjoyasecondchildhood

C.tokilltime

D.toshareHarry’sadventure

問題3選項

A.willtakeupreadingastheirlifelonghobby

B.havegotmorefromthebookthanfromthefilm

C.maybarelygetinterestedinotherbooksthanHarryPotter

D.canhardlybedrivenbythecrowdstoreadanybook

問題4選項

A.they’retoobusytoenjoyregularreading

B.they’resufferingfromtheheavyworkload

C.theyhaveahardtimeselectingwhattoread

D.theirreadingtasteisaffectedbyfashion

問題5選項

A.Itwillpromotetoomanyvisitstotheplacesthebookmentions.

B.Itwilldiscouragepeoplefromreadingrealmasterpieces.

C.Itwillfosterreadingaspartofafast-foodculture.

D.Itwillcauseaconfusionoffaddismwithclassics.

問題6選項

A.JKRowing

B.thepublisher

C.themediahype

D.itsthrillingstories

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。從整篇文章讀下來，前四段是作者在火車上發現有成年人在讀《哈利?波特》的現象以及作者的所想，后三段作者將閱讀《哈利?波特》的成年人群分為三組，分析《哈利?波特》受歡迎的原因，由此可知D選項“《哈利?波特》受成年人歡迎的反思”符合題意。

2.事實細節題。定位到文章第五段中的Ifittakesobsession-levelhypetolurethemintoabookshop,that’sfinebyme.（如果這需要癡迷程度的宣傳來吸引他們進入書店，對我來說沒問題）可知A選項“為了跟風”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。定位到文章第五段中的Butwilltheygoontoreadanythingelseagain,wecanonlyhope.（但我們只能希望，他們還會繼續讀別的書嗎?）可知C選項“除了《哈利?波特》，對其他書籍幾乎沒有興趣”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。定位到文章第六段中的Thesepeopleclaimthattiredness,workandchildrenallowthemtoreadonlyafewbooksayear.Yetnow—tobepartofthecrowd,tosaythey’vereadit—theyputHarryPotterontheiroh-so-selectreadinglist.（這些人聲稱疲勞，工作和孩子使他們一年只能讀幾本書，然而現在，作為人群中的一員，說他們已經讀過它了，他們把《哈利?波特》列入了他們的“超精選”閱讀清單）可知D選項“他們的閱讀品味受到時尚的影響”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。定位到文章第七段ThethirdgrouparetheRegularReaders,forwhomHarryissandwichedbetweenMcEwan(英國當代作家)andBalzac,Roth(德國現代詩人)andDickens可了解到文化的混亂，因此D選項正確。

6.事實細節題。定位到文章第六段andyetthesesadcasesaresweptalongbythehype,thefaddism,intoreadingachildren’sbook.（然而，這些令人悲傷的案例卻被大肆宣傳和時尚潮流席卷，變成了兒童讀物）表明媒體炒作使得《哈利?波特》的宣傳十分到位且瘋狂，因此選項C正確。

13.單選題

Somepracticalis（）desirableforcandidatesinterestedinapplyingforthisjob.

問題1選項

A.exploit

B.adventure

C.initiative

D.experience

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：對于有興趣申請這份工作的候選人來說，一些實用

是可取的。exploit功績，功勛；adventure冒險；initiative主動權，首創精神；experience經驗。因此，D項符合句意。

14.單選題

Canwereacha（

）onthisissue?Let’stakeavote.

問題1選項

A.conscience

B.consciousness

C.consequence

D.consensus

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。Reachaconsensus“達成共識”。句意：我們能在這個問題上達成共識嗎？我們來投票吧。選項D符合題意。

15.單選題

_____,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor.

問題1選項

A.Otherthingsbeingequal

B.Wereotherthingsequal

C.Tobeequaltootherthings

D.Otherthingstobeequal

【答案】A

【解析】考查獨立主格。句意：在其他條件相同的情況下,善于表達自己的人比不善言辭的人能更快的獲得成功。選項A為分詞獨立主格結構,在本句中起條件狀語的作用。選項B為虛擬語氣條件句,但后面的句子為陳述語氣，所以選項B錯誤；選項C為動詞的不定式短語,可以做目的狀語,但不能做條件狀語；選項D結構錯誤。所以本題選A。

16.單選題

（）Irealizedtheconsequences,Iwouldneverhavecontemplatedgettinginvolved.

問題1選項

A.Evenif

B.Had

C.Aslongas

D.If

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法知識。evenif“即使”；had在這里是表示動詞時態的助詞；aslongas“只要”；if“（表示條件）如果”。句意：如果我意識到了后果，我絕對不會讓自己卷進來。選項D符合題意。

17.單選題

ThemostthoroughlystudiedintellectualsinthehistoryoftheNewWorldaretheministersandpoliticalleadersofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland.AccordingtothestandardhistoryofAmericanphilosophy,nowhereelseincolonialAmericawas“somuchimportanceattachedtointellectualpursuits.”Accordingtomanybooksandarticles,NewEngland’sleadersestablishedthebasicthemesandpreoccupationsofanunfolding,dominantPuritan(清教徒)traditioninAmericanintellectuallife.

TomakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeantostartwiththePuritans’theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch—importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.Butinkeepingwithourexaminationofsouthernintellectuallife,wemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeanculture,adjustingtoNewWorldcircumstances.TheNewEnglandcolonieswerethescenesofimportantepisodesinthepursuitofwidelyunderstoodidealsofcivilityandvirtuosity.

TheearlysettlersofMassachusettsBayincludedmenofimpressiveeducationandinfluenceinEngland.BesidestheninetyorsolearnedministerswhocametoMassachusettschurchinthedecadeafter1629,therewerepoliticalleaderslikeJohnWinthrop,aneducatedgentleman,lawyer,andofficialofthecrownbeforehejourneyedtoBoston.Thesemenwroteandpublishedextensively,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofintellectualearnestness.

Weshouldnotforget,however,thatmostNewEnglanderswerelesswelleducated.Whilefewcraftsmenorfarmersletalonedependentsandservants,leftliterarycompositionstobeanalyzed,itisobviousthattheirviewswerelessfullyintellectualized.Theirthinkingoftenhadatraditionalsuperstitiousquality.AtailornamedJohnDane,whoimmigratedinthelate1630s:leftanaccountofhisreasonsforleavingEnglandthatisfilledwithsigns.Sexualconfusion,economicfrustrations,andreligioushope—allcametogetherinadecisivemomentwhenheopenedtheBible,toldhisfatherthefirstlinehesawwouldsettlehisfate,andreadthemagicalwords:“comeoutfromamongthem,touchnouncleanthing,andIwillbeyourGodandyoushallbymypeople.”OnewonderswhatDanethoughtofthecarefulsermonsexplainingtheBiblethatheheardinpuritanchurches.

Meanwhile,manysettlershadslighterreligiouscommitmentsthanDane’s,asoneclergymanlearne