書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-四川現代職業學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Icouldnotimaginethat（

）possible.

問題1選項

A.be

B.being

C.is

D.was

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我簡直不能想象那是有可能的。

語法題。考查特殊虛擬語氣。imagine之后的that引導的賓語從句需要用虛擬語氣：should+動詞原形,此時should可以省略。

2.翻譯題

Shoppingwasstressfulformen.Insomecases,whenwelookedatheartrateandbloodpressure,wesawsomethingyou’dexpecttoseeinfighterpilotsgoingintocombatorpolicemengoingintodangeroussituations.

Guy-modeshoppingisnotcompatiblewithfemaleshopping.Femaleshoppinginvolveslong-terminteractionwithcrowdsofpeoplewhodon’treallyknowwhattheywant,orwheretheywanttogo.Nomancanstandmuchofthis.Wemenareallaboutcompletion—gettingin,gettingthejobdone,andgettingout.

Here’showI’veshopped:1.DecideonthethingIwant.2.Callaroundtofindanearlydesertedstorethathasthething.3.Gotothestore.4.Walkdirectlytothething.5.Buyit.6.Getitwrapped.7.Peelout.

Lastyear,IboughtwifeBrendaacoffeepotforChristmas.Thewholeprocess,doortodoor，tookabout15minutes.Still，Iwasshakingwhenitwasover.

Aguymakesaplan,carriesitoutandexits.Wedon’twander,wedon’tbrowse,andwedon’tdoawholelotofcomparing.Ifwesaywe’regoingwindowshopping,youcanexpectustocomehomewithawindow.Mostofthemenadmittedthattheywouldchoosethefirstgifttheysaw,ratherthanspendtimeincrowdedstores.

Let’sseehowDavidbuyscars:Hecallsdowntothecarlotandtellshissalesmantostartdrivingcarsbyhisofficewindow.IfDaviddoesn’tlikeacar,hejustwavesthesalesmanon.Ifacarcatcheshiseye,Davidholdsuphishand.Thesalesmanpullsover.Davidwalksoutandexaminesthecarupclose.Ifhestilllikesthecarafterfiveminutes,hewritesacheck.

【答案】購物對男人來說是有壓力的。在一些情況下，當我們觀察心率和血壓時，我們看到了一些你會在戰斗機飛行員進入戰斗或警察進入危險的情況下看到的一種狀態。

男性模式的購物與女性不同。女性購物需要與一群不知道自己想要什么、想去哪里的人進行長期互動。而這些男人無法忍受。我們男人都是為了達到目標——達到目標，然后離開。

這是我購物的方式：1.確定我想買的東西；2.打電話到附近找一家幾乎沒人的商店，并且這個商店有這個東西；3.去這個商店；4.直接找到此商品；5.購買；6.包裝好；7.離開。

去年，我給妻子買了個咖啡壺作為圣誕禮物。一個一個商店地逛，整個過程花了15分鐘。結束時我仍然在發抖。

男人購物會制定計劃，實施計劃然后結束離開。我們不會閑逛、不會多瀏覽，也不會做大量的比較。如果我們說我們要去逛街看櫥窗，你可以指望我們帶著一扇窗回家。大多數男性承認，他們會選擇他們看到的第一件禮物，而不是花時間在擁擠的商店里。

我們來看一下David是如何買汽車的：他打電話到汽車展銷中心，告訴他的銷售員開始在他辦公室的窗戶旁駕駛汽車。如果大衛不喜歡汽車，他就向銷售員揮手示意。如果一輛汽車引起了他的注意，大衛就會舉起手來。銷售員把車停在路邊。大衛走過去，近距離檢查汽車。如果五分鐘后他還喜歡這輛車，他就會開支票買下來。

3.單選題

Shallowpoolsofwaterareliabletoattractmosquitoesandother（）.

問題1選項

A.insects

B.flies

C.garbage

D.garage

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。insects昆蟲;flies蒼蠅;garbage垃圾;garage倉庫。句意：淺水區容易吸引蚊子和其他昆蟲。選項A符合句意。

4.單選題

Allthe

peopleinthestadiumcheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（）

slowly

intothesky.

問題1選項

A.ascending

B.elevating

C.floating

D.lingering

【答案】A

【解析】ascend可做不及物動詞,指上升；elevate意思相近,但是是及物動詞。float指漂??；linger

指逗留。句意：當看到幾百只彩球緩緩升上天空時,運動場里所有的人都歡呼起來。選項A正確。

5.單選題

Thatpartofthecityhaslongbeen______foritsstreetviolence.

問題1選項

A.notorious

B.responsible

C.historical

D.illegal

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.notorious聲名狼藉的，臭名昭著的B.responsible有責任的，負責的

C.historical（有關）歷史的，歷史學的D.illegal不合法的，非法的

【答案】A

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據關鍵詞streetviolence（街頭暴力）可知，空格處填入notorious表示“臭名昭著的”符合句子意思。因此，該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】該市的這一地區長期以來因街頭暴力而臭名昭著。

6.單選題

Veryfewscientists（

）completelynewanswerstotheworld’sproblems.

問題1選項

A.comeupwith

B.comeout

C.comeround

D.comeupto

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。comeupwith“提出，想出”；comeout“出版”；comeround“蘇醒；順道拜訪”；comeupto“到達，等于”。句意：很少有科學家對世界性的問題提出新的回答。選項A符合題意。

7.單選題

Therobberwasbroughttothejudge,______.

問題1選項

A.hishandswerefasttied

B.hishandstobefasttied

C.hishandshavingbeenfasttied

D.hishandsfasttied

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨立主格結構。句意：搶劫犯被帶到法官面前，雙手被綁得緊緊的。根據雙手被綁確定用被動語態，結合動作發生在過去，所以D選項hishandsfasttied正確。A選項hishandswerefasttied是完整的句子，語法錯誤；B選項hishandstobefasttied表示動作未發生，語法錯誤；C選項hishandshavingbeenfasttied表示動作在謂語動詞之前發生，語法錯誤。因此D選項正確。

8.單選題

14.

問題1選項

A.Sheisseriouslyill.

B.Shehastolookafterherhusbandathome.

C.Shewillpersuadeherhusbandtogotohospital.

D.Shewillbetakengoodcareofbyhersisteranddaughter.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Oh,Icouldn'tpossiblydothat.Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway,who’dlookafterhim?

M:Icanunderstandyourconcerns.Ifyouknewthathewouldhavecomeheretoday,whatdoyouthinkhewouldsay?

W:He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals.

M:Well,youmightalsothinkaboutwhatyouwouldsaytoyoursisteranddaughter?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewoman?

【解析】女士說：Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway（我不知道怎么開口告訴他），He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals（他平時就恨生病，也討厭來醫院），因此她一直焦慮如何說服丈夫來醫院。

9.單選題

Onhergraduationfromcollege,Helenwasmarriedtoaclergyman,thepriestofaneighboring（）.

問題1選項

A.division

B.district

C.parish

D.region

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項division“除法，部門，分配”；B選項district“區域，地方，行政區（尤指官方指定范圍的區域）”；C選項parish“教區”；D選項region“地區，范圍，部位（只指比較大的一片區域）”。句意：大學畢業后，海倫嫁給了鄰近（）的一位牧師。根據后面的“牧師”一詞，可以得出她應該是嫁給了臨近教區的一位牧師，因此C選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Thereisastandardmethod（）officersareselectedforpromotion.

問題1選項

A.whereby

B.that

C.where

D.whereas

【答案】B

【解析】考查從句。A選項whereby“憑此，借以，由于”，B選項that“那個”，C選項where“哪里”，D選項whereas“然而，盡管”。句意：選拔軍官晉升有一個標準的方法。因此,B選項符合句意。

11.單選題

Therecentdebateonacidrainisagainsettingenvironmentalistheadtoheadagainstindustry.Butthistime,acuriousphilosophyhasemergedinWashingtonthatsaysthemoreweknowaboutaproblem,themoreuncertaintyisintroducedandthemoreitneedstobestudied.Asaresult,weknowmoreaboutacidrainanditseffects,thaneverbefore,butitseemsaregulatorysolutionhasneverbeenfurtheraway.

Researchersgenerallyagreethatacidrainarisesprimarilyfromtheburningofcoalandoil.Theemissionscontainoxidesofnitrogenandsulfur,whichcanbecarriedhundredsofmilesontheprevailingwesterlywinds.Theyeventuallyreturntoearthasdrygasesandparticulatesandreactwithgroundwaterstoformnitricorsulfuricacid.Theymayalsobeconvertedtotheacidsintheatmospherebychemicalprocessesthatarestillnotfullyunderstood.

However,theacidsareformed,theyhavealreadybeenchargedwithasubstantiallistofdamages.Corrosionofmetalstructuresinwindwardareasofthecountryhasbeenwell-documented,butitisarelativelyminorentryonthelist.Otherformsofdamagearefarmoreinsidiousandlonger-lasting.Thereisevidence,forexample,thattheacidsleachheavymetals—aluminum,lead,andmercury—fromthesoil,whichthenpoisonplantrootsanddeprivethemofvitalnutrients.Inlakesandrivers,theacidaltersthebloodchemistryinfish.Themetals,meanwhile,irreversiblydamagethegillsystemsofcertainspecies,suchasbassandwalleye.Astheconcentrationofpoisonrises,egghatchingisreducedandthenumberofdeformedembryosincreases.

Theeffectsofacidrainaremoresevereintheeasternpartofthecountryfortworeasons.First,mostcoalburningoccursinOhio,Illinois,andIndiana,accordingtoEvilleGorham,professorofecologyandbotanyattheUniversityofMinnesotaandamodernpioneerinthestudyofacidrain.ThesestatesproduceaboutaquarterofallU.S.oxideemissions,hetoldthisyear’sAmericanChemicalSocietymeetinginLasVegasandtheairborneparticulatestendtowindupintheNortheast.

ThesecondreasonisthevaryingchemicalmakeupofNorthAmericansoils,Westernsoilsarerelativelyrichinneutralizingcompoundslikemagnesiumandcalciumcarbonates,butthecoarse,shalloweasternsoilshavemuchlessofthisbufferingcapacity.Together,thesefactorsexplainwhatGorhamcallsa“poolofacidairpollution”overtheNortheastthatisstronglysuspectedofhavingkilledorinjuredaquaticlifeinmorethan200lakesinNewYork’sAdirondackregion.

1.Accordingtothepassage,acidrain（

）.

2.Theauthorimpliesthat

（

）.

3.ThedamagingeffectsofacidrainarefeltlessintheWestbecause

（

）.

4.TheLEASTseriousproblemcausedbyacidrainisthe（

）.

問題1選項

A.leadstobirthdefectsinfish

B.ishallucinogenic

C.travelsinawesterlydirection

D.addsmineralstothesoil

問題2選項

A.legislatorsarephilosophical

B.bureaucratsseeminglypreferdiscussiontoaction

C.awarenessofaproblemisfutile

D.acidrainisadebatablephenomenon

問題3選項

A.elementsinwesternsoilneutralizetheacid

B.thewesternstatesproduceone-fourthofallAmericanemissionsofsulfuroxides

C.theAdirondackregionisinupstateNewYork

D.easternsoilisrichinmagnesium

問題4選項

A.leachingofheavymetalsfromthesoil

B.alterationofbloodchemistryinfish

C.poisoningofplantroots

D.corrosionofmetalstructures

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.細節事實題。定位到第三段中Inlakesandrivers,theacidaltersthebloodchemistryinfish.Themetals,meanwhile,irreversiblydamagethegillsystemsofcertainspecies,suchasbassandwalleye.Astheconcentrationofpoisonrises,egghatchingisreducedandthenumberofdeformedembryosincreases.在湖泊和河流中，這種酸會改變魚類的血液化學成分。與此同時，這些金屬對某些物種的鰓系統造成了不可逆轉的損害，如鱸魚和海參。隨著毒素濃度的增加，卵孵化減少，畸形胚胎的數量增加。”可知A項正確。

2.判斷推理題。定位到第一段中“Asaresult,weknowmoreaboutacidrainanditseffects,thaneverbefore,butitseemsaregulatorysolutionhasneverbeenfurtheraway.因此，我們比以往任何時候知道更多關于酸雨及其影響，這似乎是一個前所未有的監管解決方案?！笨芍狢項正確。

3.判斷推理題。定位最后一段中“ThesecondreasonisthevaryingchemicalmakeupofNorthAmericansoils,Westernsoilsarerelativelyrichinneutralizingcompoundslikemagnesiumandcalciumcarbonates,butthecoarse,shalloweasternsoilshavemuchlessofthisbufferingcapacity.第二個原因是北美土壤的化學組成不同，西方土壤相對豐富的鎂和鈣碳酸鹽中和化合物，但東部粗糙、淺層土壤的這種緩沖能力要小得多。”可知A項西部土壤中的元素中和了這種酸正確。

4.細節事實題。定位到第三段中“Corrosionofmetalstructuresinwindwardareasofthecountryhasbeenwell-documented,butitisarelativelyminorentryonthelist.（酸雨）對金屬結構的腐蝕在該國（美國）迎風的地區是顯而易見的，不過該腐蝕所帶來的損害在酸雨所帶來的損害名單上卻是相對較小的?！笨芍狣項正確。

12.單選題

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorry,youmustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren"I'msorryIgotangrywithyou,but..."whatfollowsthat"but"canrendertheapologyineffective:"Ihadabadday"or"yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache"leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshould-beapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay"I'msorryyou'reupset";thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying"I'muselessasaparent"doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildren,feelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldmightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren'sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds"but"toanapology,（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying"I'msorryyou'reupset"mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause（）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（）.

問題1選項

A.shedoesn'tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthat,heowesheranapology

問題2選項

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I'mawareyou'reupset,butI'mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

問題3選項

A.itgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

問題4選項

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

問題5選項

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據題干定位到第二段"Ifyousaytoyourchildren"I'msorryIgotangrywithyou,but..."whatfollowsthat"but"canrendertheapologyineffective:"Ihadabadday"or"yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache"leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshould-beapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology."可知如果在道歉后加了"but"，那么會使那個受傷的人感覺為了得到別人的道歉，他得先為自己不好的行為道歉。與D項“這個孩子可能會覺得他欠他媽媽一個道歉”相符。故D項正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據題干定位到第三段"I'msorryyou'reupset";thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone."如果這樣道歉——“我很抱歉你生氣了”;這表明你在某種程度上是錯誤的，因為你讓自己被別人的所作所為弄得心煩意亂?！庇纱丝芍狼溉似鋵嵅]有真正地道歉，而是認為別人是由于自己的原因而心情不好。與B項相符。

3.判斷推理題。根據題干定位到第四段"Saying"I'muselessasaparent"doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement."如果家長道歉說“我是個沒用的家長”并不能讓一個人得到任何具體的改善。可知用這種道歉方法是無效的。故C項正確。

4.判斷推理題。Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildren,feelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldmightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren'sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.但是，即使孩子們看到了真誠悔過的例子，他們仍然需要幫助來使其意識到道歉的復雜性。一個三歲的孩子可能需要幫助來理解其他孩子也像他一樣感到疼痛，用沉重的玩具打玩伴的頭需要道歉。一個六歲的孩子可能需要被提醒，辜負其他孩子的期望可能需要道歉。一個12歲的孩子可能需要被告知，未經許可就亂翻餅干罐是可以接受的，但未經許可就借父母的衣服就不行。最后一段舉例講述了不同年齡段的孩子都需要不同程度的提醒或告誡來使其意識到道歉的復雜性。故B項“在教小孩子道歉時應考慮他們的年齡?！闭_。

5.判斷推理題。全文介紹了幾種偽道歉，最后總結這幾種道歉方式是無效的，并且提醒讀者教小孩道歉要考慮到他們的年齡。由此可見恰當的道歉并沒有看起來那么簡單。A項“合理道歉是需要立即關注的社會問題”文中未提及；B項“合理道歉在家庭成員中不必要”與文中提到的“A12-year-olclmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent'sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.”不符；C項“合理道歉是社會進步的標志”與文中內容無關。故答案D

13.單選題

Themost（

）featureofthebuildingisitsenormousdome-shapedroof.

問題1選項

A.distinctive

B.instinctive

C.definite

D.infinite

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞辨析。distinctive“與眾不同的”；instinctive“本能的”；definite“明確的”；infinite“無限的”。句意：這棟建筑的最與眾不同的特點就是它那巨大的圓形屋頂。選項A符合句意。

14.單選題

LondontodayisthepoliticalandfinancialcapitalofGreatBritain.Itbegan,however,asaRomanstronghold,andfollowingtheRomansdeparture,theAnglo-SaxonsandthentheNormanscontrolledit.Londongrewconsiderablyduringthemedievalperiodand,bythesixteenthcentury,wasprimedtobethecenterofunprecedentedgrowth.Mostofthiscanbeattributedtothecity’seconomicdevelopment.LocatedontheThamesRiverwitheasyaccesstotheNorthSea,Londonbecameacenterofshippingandcommerce.Largecorporationswerebasedthere,whichbroughtfurtherwealth.Finally,whentheIndustrialRevolutionbegan,Londonwastransformedevenmoreandhadbecomethefinancialcenteroftheworldbythenineteenthcentury.

TheRomansconqueredBritainin43A.D.andfoundedLondon—calledLondiniumbythem—asagarrisontown,anditbecameacenterofseabornetradesoonafterward.London’slocationwasideal:ItwascentrallysituatedontheThamesRiverfarfromthecoastbutnotsofarinlandthatshipscouldnotnavigateuprivertoit.Assuch,itbecameacenteroftradeinRomanBritainandmayhavehadasmanyas60,000peopleatitsheight.ButthefalloftheRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyresultedintheRomanabandonmentofBritain,so,forsometime,Londonwasvirtuallyempty.Anglo-Saxonincursionsledtothereoccupationofthearea,butVikinginvasionsanddecadesofinstabilitymeantthattheregionsawlittleeconomicgrowth.WhentheNormansinvadedfromFrancein1066,theychoseLondontotheircenterofgovernment,whichbeganthecity’srevival.

DuringthemidandlateMiddleAges,LondonexpandedasbothatownandeconomiccenterwhentheEuropeanworldbecamemoreconnectedduetotheincreasedshipbuildingandmaritimetrade.Londonwaspoisedtotakeadvantageofthisthankstoitsgeographicallocationandpoliticalpower.ThecitycontinuedtogrowinsizeandwealththroughoutthemedievalperiodaswellasduringtheRenaissance.WhenBritainbegantogaincoloniesintheAmericasandelsewhereinthesixteenthcentury,fabulousamountsofmoneystartedfindingtheirwaytoLondon.

Atthattime,mercantilismisthereigningeconomicphilosophyinBritain.ItcalledfortheprotectingofBritishtradebetweenthehomeislandanditscolonies.ThegovernmentaccordinglyenactedlawsthatimposedtaxesonimportsandprotectedBritishtrade.Themainobjectivesweretoattainatradesurplusandtoamassgoldandsilver.OneresultofthismercantilistphilosophywasthatextraordinarywealthpouredintoLondon.AtthecenterofallBritisheconomicactivity,Londongrewrapidlyandexpandedinsizeandpopulationduringthistime.

Atthesametime,thefoundingofseveralgreatcompaniesandinstitutionspavedthewayforLondontobecomethecenterofworldtradeandfinance.TheBritishEastIndiaCompany,forinstance,wasgrantedamonopolyontradeinIndia.ItwasbasedinLondon,somanytreasuresfromIndiamadetheirwaythere.Thecompanyhadtoraisemoneyforitsinitialventures,soitsoldsharesofstockthatgaveinvestorspiecesofthewealthitwasamassing.ThishelpedestablishtheLondonStockExchange,whichhaditshumblebeginningsinLondon’scoffeeshops,wheremerchantsgatheredtotradestocksandtolearnfinancialnewsfromaroundtheworld.Otherimportantinstitutions,suchastheBankofEnglandandtheinsurancefirmLloyd’sofLondon,werestartedthenaswell.

Duringtheeighteenthcentury,theIndustrialRevolutioncausedtheBritisheconomicphilosophytochangefrommercantilismtocapitalism.Tradewithoverseascoloniesbecamelessimportantwheninvestorsinfactoriesstartedbecomingrich.Britaininitiatedapolicyoffreetrade,soughttoestablishaworldwidemarket,andtradedproductsfromitsmanufacturingindustrywithanyonewhowouldpurchasethem.Londonwasatthecenterofthiseconomicaction.Thedevelopmentoffaststeamships,thetelegraph,andthetelephoneinthenineteenthcenturyconnectedLondonwiththeentireworld,soitbecametheworld’sfinancialcenter.Itsbankswereusedtotransferfundsworldwide,itsfinancialinstitutionsprovidedcapitalforinvestors,anditsdocksandwarehouseswerefilledwithrawmaterialsandgoodsfromaroundtheworld.Unfortunately,theonsetofWorldWarIin1914broughtthisentiresystemtoahalt.

21.Thewordprimedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto________.

22.Accordingtotheparagraph2,theRomansleftLondonbecause________.

23.Inparagraph3,theauthorusesshipbuildingandmaritimetradeasexampleof________.

24.Theauthor’sdescriptionofmercantilisminparagraph4mentionswhichofthefollowing?

25.Inparagraph5,theauthor’sdescriptionoftheBritishEastIndiaCompanymentionswhichofthefollowing?

問題1選項

A.positioned

B.inspired

C.appointed

D.expected

問題2選項

A.theAnglo-SaxonsinvadedanddefeatedtheRomansinbattle

B.theentireRomanEmpirefell,sotheRomanstheredeparted

C.therewerefeweconomicbenefitstogainbylivingthere

D.theRomanshadnoneedforaseaportsofarnorthofRome

問題3選項

A.twoaspectsofthemedievaleconomyinwhichLondonwasaEuropeanleader

B.thereasonsthatBritainstartedtoacquirethecoloniesintheAmerica

C.theprimaryfactorswhyBritainbecamewealthyduringtheRenaissance

D.reasonsthatLondonstartedtobecomemoreprominentintheMiddleAges

問題4選項

A.Itfocusedonsellinggoodstoothersratherthanpurchasingthem.

B.ItwasaneconomicphilosophythathaditsoriginsinGreatBritain.

C.ItenabledLondontogrowrichattheexpenseofotherBritishcities.

D.ItcontributedtotheBritishcoloniesbeinglesswealthythanthehomeisland.

問題5選項

A.ItplayedamajorroleinthefoundingofastockexchangeinLondon.

B.ThecompanywashighlyeffectiveatkeepingIndiaunderBritishcontrol.

C.ItsstockwasmorevaluablethanthatofanyotherBritishcorporation.

D.SeveralmembersoftheBritishgovernmentwereshareholdersinit.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】21.語義推測題。Prime的意思是“使準備好，使進入狀態”，根據第一段第三句Londongrewconsiderablyduringthemedievalperiodand,bythesixteenthcentury,wasprimedtobethecenterofunprecedentedgrowth.（倫敦在中世紀時期大幅增長，到了16世紀，預計將成為增長速度史無前例的經濟中心。），因為倫敦在中世紀時期大幅增長，所以有了后面成為增長速度史無前例的經濟中心的結果，這里有一個推斷關系，所以D選項“預期”符合題意。A選項“放置”，B選項“鼓舞”和C選項“委任”不符合題意，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

22.事實細節題。根據第二段第四句ButthefalloftheRomanEmpireinthefifthcenturyresultedintheRomanabandonmentofBritain,so,forsometime,Londonwasvirtuallyempty.（但五世紀羅馬帝國的衰落導致羅馬人放棄了不列顛，所以有一段時間，倫敦實際上是空的。），羅馬帝國的衰落讓羅馬人離開倫敦，所以B選項“整個羅馬帝國滅亡了，所以那里的羅馬人離開了”正確，A選項“盎格魯?撒克遜人入侵并打敗了羅馬人”，C選項“住在那里幾乎沒有什么經濟利益”和D選項“羅馬人不需要在羅馬北部這樣偏遠的地方建海港”不符合題意。因此B選項正確。

23.推理判斷題。根據第三段DuringthemidandlateMiddleAges,LondonexpandedasbothatownandeconomiccenterwhentheEuropeanworldbecamemoreconnectedduetotheincreasedshipbuildingandmaritimetrade.（中世紀中后期，倫敦作為一個城鎮和經濟中心擴張，由于造船和海上貿易的增加，歐洲世界變得更加聯系緊密。），可知英國在中世紀變成經濟中心是因為造船和海上貿易，所以D選項“倫敦在中世紀開始變得更加突出的原因”正確。A選項“在中世紀，倫敦在這兩個方面的經濟是歐洲的領導者”不是表達的重點，而且文章的意思是英國經濟在總體上在歐洲領先，故錯誤。B選項“英國開始在美洲獲得殖民地的原因”和C選項“英國在文藝復興時期變得富有的主要因素”這里沒有提到，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

24.事實細節題。A選項“注重于向別人銷售商品而不是購買商品”：根據第四段第四句Themainobjectivesweretoattainatradesurplusandtoamassgoldandsilver.（其主要目標是實現貿易順差和積累黃金和白銀。），可知是注重出口，也就是注重銷售，所以正確。B選項“這是起源于英國的經濟哲學”：mercantilismisthereigningeconomic（重商主義是英國占統治地位的經濟哲學），這里并沒有表示這起源于英國，故錯誤。C選項“讓倫敦以犧牲其他英國城市為代價而致富”：根據第四段第三句ThegovernmentaccordinglyenactedlawsthatimposedtaxesonimportsandprotectedBritishtrade.（政府因此頒布了對進口商品征稅的法律，保護英國的貿易。），可知英國同時保護本土與殖民地的貿易，故錯誤。D選項“讓英國殖民地不如本國島富?！保何恼聸]有提到，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

25.事實細節題。根據第五段第四、五句Thecompany…soldsharesofstockthatgaveinvestorspiecesofthewealthitwasamassing.ThishelpedestablishtheLondonStockExchange（該公司……出售股票，讓投資者分得它正在積累的部分財富。這幫助建立了倫敦證券交易所），可知東印度公司出售股票的舉動推動建立倫敦證券交易所，所以A選項“在倫敦證券交易所的建立中發揮了重要作用”正確。B選項“非常有效地將印度置于英國的控制之下”，C選項“其股票比任何其他英國公司的股票更有價值”和D選項“英國政府的幾個成員是它的股東”文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedtojournalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe“howto"aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontexts,andimplications.Muchofthe"howto"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltestsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewingotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinthepositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsimilarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybyTelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?

2.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral,（

）.

3.MostoftheWesternersmaynothavebeeninterviewedbythemassmedia

（

）.

4.Itismostlikelythatthepassageispartof（

）.

問題1選項

A.Personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews.

B.Conceptsandjournalisticinterviews.

C.Priorityshouldbegivetothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewing.

D.Contextualimplicationsandgeneralprinciplesshouldbethemainconcern.

問題2選項

A.andthetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthened.

B.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglected

C.sothestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn'treceivedmuchattention

D.sotherehasbeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing

問題3選項

A.andtheydon'thopetohav