TFT-LCD基本原理與設計

課程大綱TFT-LCD簡介液晶的光電特性TFTLCDsA/C架構

TFTLCDs模組架構TFT-LCD驅動原理DrivingmethodDrivingwaveform電容效應TFT-LCD設計TFT-LCD基本原理與設計

課程大綱1主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsMonitorSystemLCDTimingControllerLCDPanelDataDriverScanDriverRGBDigitalDataGMA1~GMA181818PowerSupplyCircuitBacklightPowerSupplyBacklightR[5:0]G[5:0]B[5:0]HsVsCLKDE+5VGNDData&ScanDriverPowerSupplyDataDriversControlSignalsPCInterfacePCRGBHsVsTFT-LCDModulePCGMA1~GMA184A/DInterfaceorDigitalInterfaceScanControlSignals主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsMonitorSys2主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc3主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc4主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc5主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructureClcTFTSubstrateColorFilterSubstrateRGBClcClcRBG主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc6主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc7TN型LCDs顯示原理TN型LCDs顯示原理8TNModeLCDsFieldON入射光偏光板液晶分子玻璃基板出射光之極化狀態解偏板出射光未加電場OFF狀態TNModeLCDsFieldON入射光偏光板液晶分9TN&STN電光轉移曲線V-TCurve100%90%10%VnsSTNVsSTNVsTNVnsTNVTN&STN電光轉移曲線V-TCurve100%9010In-Plane-SwitchModeLCDs偏光板解偏板液晶分子作用電極玻璃基板入射光作用電場方向出射光之極化狀態未加電場“OFF”狀態施加電場“ON”狀態出射光In-Plane-SwitchModeLCDs偏光板解偏11VerticalAlignmentModeLCDs未加電場OFF狀態施加電場ON狀態入射光偏光板液晶分子玻璃基板出射光之極化狀態解偏板出射光VerticalAlignmentModeLCDs未加12ComparisonofLCModesStronglydependentonviewingangle低驅動電壓視角窄小Off(White)On(Black)Slightlydependentonviewingangle廣視角液晶反應速度慢Off(Black)On(White)畫面對比低畫面品質差Slightlydependentonviewingangle畫面對比高廣視角Off(Black)On(White)液晶反應速度快彩色畫面顯像佳TNIPSVAComparisonofLCModesStrongly13主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc14TFT-LCDModuleTTLLVDSPanelLinkSingalControllerDC/DCDirverICinvertorTFT-LCDBLX-PCDYPCBGammaGen.ComponentEMITFT-LCDModuleTTLControllerinv15TFTCharacteristicId1020Vg10E-610E-1110E-12-5-10TFTCharacteristicId1020Vg10E-16TFTLCDs等效電路RowDriversColumnDriver1H1HClcCsCsCsCsCsCsCsCsCsClcClcClcClcClcClcClcClcTFTLCDs等效電路RowDriversColumn17TimingChartofTFTLCDsFrameTimeGate123N1HL1L2L3DATATimingChartofTFTLCDsFrame18TFTLCDsDrivingMethodColumnInversionDotInversionRowInversionFrameInversionTFTLCDsDrivingMethodColumn19DirectDrivingofTFTLCDsDCBiasofCommonGrayScaleVoltageV0V1V2V62V63V63V62V2V1V01Frame/1LineDirectDrivingofTFTLCDsD20ACModulationAddressingofTFTLCDsV0V1V2V62V63V63V62V2V1V0CommonWaveformGraylevelVoltage1Frame/1LineACModulationAddressingofTF21TFTLCDs的電光效應

DirectAddressingTFTLCDs的電光效應

DirectAddressi22TFTLCDs的電光效應

ACAddressingTFTLCDs的電光效應

ACAddressing23PixelStructureofTFTLCDsClcCsClcCsCommonCommon(N-1)thScanLine(N-1)thScanLineNthScanLineNthScanLineCsonCommonModeCsonGateModeCgdCgd液晶電容儲存電容掃描電極資料電極共通電極MthDataLineMthDataLine資料電極掃描電極:Clc:Cs:Common:Cgd寄生電容液晶畫素電容:Clc+CsPixelStructureofTFTLCDsClc24CsonCommon與CsonGate液晶畫素TFTGateLineDataLineCsCs液晶畫素TFTCommonCommonGateLineDataLineCsCsCsonCommonCsonGateCsonCommon與CsonGate液晶畫素25TFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

CsonCommon(一)TFTLCD驅動波形(CsonCommon,Common=DCBias)TFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

Cs26TFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

CsonGateTFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

Cs27TFT電容效應的響應PixelCgdCgsCsdCsdbCsdbTFT電容效應的響應PixelCgdCgsCsdCsdbC28二階驅動方式的效應CsClcCgdCsdCgsVctCh(N-1)Ch(N)Vs垂直影像訊號水平掃描訊號Vg水平掃描訊號VgVshVslVstVthVth正極性驅動負極性驅動負極性驅動正極性驅動資料驅動晶片輸出訊號電位液晶畫素電位Vct=Vst-ΔVpΔVpBlack(+)White(+)White(+)Black(+)Black(-)Black(-)White(-)White(-)二階驅動方式的效應CsClcCgdCsdCgsVctCh(N29TFT補償驅動法Ch(N-1)Ch(N)Vst=Vct影像訊號波形Vs水平脈波掃描波形VgeVgeVghl3LevelAddressingTFT補償驅動法Ch(N-1)Ch(N)Vst=Vct影像30TFT-LCDModule設計(一)訂定TFT-LCDModuleSpec--Resolution/Power/Dimension.VideoSignalFormat/ScanLinePeriod(Hs)/FramePeriod(Vs)TFT的ION/IOFF電流ION必須于一條水平掃描線時間將影像電壓充入液晶電容(Clc)IOFF必須使充入液晶電容中的影像電容維持一個Frame的時間直流漂移(DCOffset)當ScanLine上GatePule關閉時,透過離散電容(Cgd,Cgs,Cds),對畫素電極(PixelElectrode)所造成的Feedthrough效應.TFT-LCDModule設計(一)訂定TFT-LCD31TFT-LCDModule設計(二)水平掃描脈線的RC時間常數高解析度時,必須降低RC時間常數,以利液晶電容之充放電.液晶的電光轉移特性曲線(V-TCurve)必須量測LCDPanel正確之V-TCurve,以利GammaCorrection選擇適合的驅動方式(CsonGateorCOM)考慮FeedThrough效應的補償及VCOM電壓的調整.驅動IC(Scan&Data)的選取針對LCM的解析度及LCDPanel的元件參數選用DriverIC.ControlPCB的設計

針對所選定的DriverIC,ControlPCB提供其所須之控制訊號.TFT-LCDModule設計(二)水平掃描脈線的RC32TFT-LCD基本原理與設計

課程大綱TFT-LCD簡介液晶的光電特性TFTLCDsA/C架構

TFTLCDs模組架構TFT-LCD驅動原理DrivingmethodDrivingwaveform電容效應TFT-LCD設計TFT-LCD基本原理與設計

課程大綱33主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsMonitorSystemLCDTimingControllerLCDPanelDataDriverScanDriverRGBDigitalDataGMA1~GMA181818PowerSupplyCircuitBacklightPowerSupplyBacklightR[5:0]G[5:0]B[5:0]HsVsCLKDE+5VGNDData&ScanDriverPowerSupplyDataDriversControlSignalsPCInterfacePCRGBHsVsTFT-LCDModulePCGMA1~GMA184A/DInterfaceorDigitalInterfaceScanControlSignals主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsMonitorSys34主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc35主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc36主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc37主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructureClcTFTSubstrateColorFilterSubstrateRGBClcClcRBG主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc38主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc39TN型LCDs顯示原理TN型LCDs顯示原理40TNModeLCDsFieldON入射光偏光板液晶分子玻璃基板出射光之極化狀態解偏板出射光未加電場OFF狀態TNModeLCDsFieldON入射光偏光板液晶分41TN&STN電光轉移曲線V-TCurve100%90%10%VnsSTNVsSTNVsTNVnsTNVTN&STN電光轉移曲線V-TCurve100%9042In-Plane-SwitchModeLCDs偏光板解偏板液晶分子作用電極玻璃基板入射光作用電場方向出射光之極化狀態未加電場“OFF”狀態施加電場“ON”狀態出射光In-Plane-SwitchModeLCDs偏光板解偏43VerticalAlignmentModeLCDs未加電場OFF狀態施加電場ON狀態入射光偏光板液晶分子玻璃基板出射光之極化狀態解偏板出射光VerticalAlignmentModeLCDs未加44ComparisonofLCModesStronglydependentonviewingangle低驅動電壓視角窄小Off(White)On(Black)Slightlydependentonviewingangle廣視角液晶反應速度慢Off(Black)On(White)畫面對比低畫面品質差Slightlydependentonviewingangle畫面對比高廣視角Off(Black)On(White)液晶反應速度快彩色畫面顯像佳TNIPSVAComparisonofLCModesStrongly45主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStructure主動矩陣式液晶顯示器

AM-LCDsPanelStruc46TFT-LCDModuleTTLLVDSPanelLinkSingalControllerDC/DCDirverICinvertorTFT-LCDBLX-PCDYPCBGammaGen.ComponentEMITFT-LCDModuleTTLControllerinv47TFTCharacteristicId1020Vg10E-610E-1110E-12-5-10TFTCharacteristicId1020Vg10E-48TFTLCDs等效電路RowDriversColumnDriver1H1HClcCsCsCsCsCsCsCsCsCsClcClcClcClcClcClcClcClcTFTLCDs等效電路RowDriversColumn49TimingChartofTFTLCDsFrameTimeGate123N1HL1L2L3DATATimingChartofTFTLCDsFrame50TFTLCDsDrivingMethodColumnInversionDotInversionRowInversionFrameInversionTFTLCDsDrivingMethodColumn51DirectDrivingofTFTLCDsDCBiasofCommonGrayScaleVoltageV0V1V2V62V63V63V62V2V1V01Frame/1LineDirectDrivingofTFTLCDsD52ACModulationAddressingofTFTLCDsV0V1V2V62V63V63V62V2V1V0CommonWaveformGraylevelVoltage1Frame/1LineACModulationAddressingofTF53TFTLCDs的電光效應

DirectAddressingTFTLCDs的電光效應

DirectAddressi54TFTLCDs的電光效應

ACAddressingTFTLCDs的電光效應

ACAddressing55PixelStructureofTFTLCDsClcCsClcCsCommonCommon(N-1)thScanLine(N-1)thScanLineNthScanLineNthScanLineCsonCommonModeCsonGateModeCgdCgd液晶電容儲存電容掃描電極資料電極共通電極MthDataLineMthDataLine資料電極掃描電極:Clc:Cs:Common:Cgd寄生電容液晶畫素電容:Clc+CsPixelStructureofTFTLCDsClc56CsonCommon與CsonGate液晶畫素TFTGateLineDataLineCsCs液晶畫素TFTCommonCommonGateLineDataLineCsCsCsonCommonCsonGateCsonCommon與CsonGate液晶畫素57TFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

CsonCommon(一)TFTLCD驅動波形(CsonCommon,Common=DCBias)TFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

Cs58TFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

CsonGateTFTLCDsDrivingWaveform

Cs59TFT電容效應的響應PixelCgdCgsCsdCsdbCsdbTFT電容效應的響應PixelCgdCgsCsdCsdbC60二階驅動方式的效應CsClcCgdCsdCgsVctCh(N-1)Ch(N)Vs垂直影像訊號水平掃描訊號Vg水平掃描訊號VgVshVslVstVthVth正極性驅動負極性驅動負極性驅動正極性驅動資料驅動晶片輸出訊號電位液晶畫素電位Vct=Vst-ΔVpΔVpBlack(+)Whi