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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-山西省財政稅務專科學校押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.翻譯題
Thisissupposedtobeanenlightenedage,butyouwouldn’tthinkifyoucouldhearwhattheaveragemanthinksoftheaveragewoman!Womenwontheirindependenceyearsago.Afteralong,bitterstruggle,theynowenjoythesameeducationalopportunitiesasmeninmostpartsoftheworld.(1)Theyhaveprovedrepeatedlythattheyareequalandoftensuperiortomeninalmosteveryfield.Itismen,notwomenwhostillcarryonthesexwarbecausetheirattituderemainsbasicallyhostile.Eveninthemostprogressivesocieties,womencontinuetoberegardedassecond-ratecitizens.Tohearsomementalk,you’dthinkthatwomenbelongedtoadifferentspecies.(2)Thehard-foughtbattleforrecognitionhasbeenwon,butitisbynomeansover.
Onthesurface,thecommentsmadebymenaboutwomen’sabilitiesseemlight-hearted.Thesametiredjokesaboutwomendriversarerepeateddayin,dayout.Thisapparentlight-heartednessdosenotconcealtherealcontemptthatmenfeelforwomen.Howevermuchmensneeratwomen,theirclaimstosuperiorityarenotborneoutbystatistics.(3)Weallknowthatwomencausefarfeweraccidentsthanmen.Theyaretooconscientiousandresponsibletodrivelikemaniacs(瘋子).Butthisisaminorquibble.Womenhavesucceededinanyjobyoucaretoname.Aspoliticians,soldiers,doctors,factory-hands,universityprofessors,farmers,companydirectors,lawyers,bus-conductors,scientistsandpresidentsofcountriestheyhaveoftenputmentoshame.Andwemustrememberthattheyfrequentlysucceedbrilliantlyinallthesefieldsinadditiontobearingandrearingchildren.
(4)Yetmengoonmaintainingthefictionthattherearemanyjobswomencan’tdo.Top-levelpoliticalnegotiationbetweencountries,businessandbankingarealmostentirelycontrolledbymen,whojealouslyguardtheirso-called“rights”.EveninotherwiseenlightenedplaceslikeSwitzerlandwomenhaven’tevenbeengiventhecote.
Thetruthisthatmenclingtotheirsupremacybecauseoftheirbasicinferioritycomplex.Theyshunrealcompetition.Theyknowintheirheartsthatwomenaresuperiorandtheyareafraidofbeingbeatenattheirowngame.Oneofthemostimportanttasksintheworldistoachievepeacebetweenthenations.(5)Youcanbesurethatifwomenwereallowedtositroundtheconferencetable,theywouldsucceedbrilliantly,astheyalwaysdo,theremenhavefailedforcenturies.
【答案】1.她們一再證明自己幾乎在所有領域都與男性平等,甚至往往優于男性。
2.這場為獲得認可而進行的艱苦斗爭已經取得勝利,但遠未結束。
3.眾所周知,女性發生的事故比男性少得多。因為她們開車非常認真負責,不會像瘋子一樣沒有理智。
4.然而,男性仍然堅持認定許多工作女性做不了的假象。
5.可以肯定的是,如果允許女性坐在會議桌旁,在這個男性已經失敗了幾個世紀的地方,女性會如往常一樣取得輝煌的成功。
2.單選題
TheStoicsandtheEpicureans,however(
)intherestoftheirsystems,agreedinholdingthemselvesboundtoprovethattheirrespectivemaximsofconductwerethedictatesofnature.
問題1選項
A.irresponsible
B.irreconcilable
C.irreproachable
D.irremediable
【答案】B
【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。irresponsible“不可靠的”;irreconcilable“矛盾的”;irreproachable“無可指責的”;irremediable“不能挽回的”。句意:斯多葛學派和伊壁鳩魯派在其余的體系中是矛盾的,但是他們一致認為必須證明他們各自的行為準則是符合自然要求的。選項B符合題意。
3.案例題
InReadingPassageIthereareseveralsections.Choosethemostsuitableheading(I-IX)fromtheboxbelowwhichbestmatchestheSectionsA-G.
NOTE:Thesearemoreheadingsthansectionssoyouwillnotuseallofthem.Youmayuseanyoftheheadingsmorethanonce.
ListofHeadings
ⅠApositiveaspectofhacking
ⅡTougherpunishmentsforhackers
ⅢResponsetoInternetsecurity
ⅣGrowthoftheInternet
ⅤResponsibilitiesofmanagers
ⅥHackersVsadministrators
ⅦDifficultyofdetection
ⅧGovernmentagencies
ⅨCommonsecuritymeasure
Example:
ParagraphAAnswerIV
1.ParagraphB()
2.ParagraphC()
3.ParagraphD()
4.ParagraphE()
5.ParagraphF()
6.ParagraphG()
【答案】1.VI
2.III
3.Ⅸ
4.Ⅱ
5.I
6.Ⅶ
【解析】1.根據文章第三段,“the‘worm’wasintroducedontheInternettoinvade,attackandreplicateitselfonthenetwork.”,可知“蠕蟲”病毒被引入互聯網,在網絡上入侵、攻擊和復制自己,下文繼續提到了CERT小組來應對病毒的入侵。可判斷出B段的主要內容為黑客和管理者。選項VI符合題意。
2.根據文章第四段,“OneoftheproblemswithInternetsecurityisthefactthattheincidentsareincreasinginsophistication.”,可知本段主要討論的是互聯網的安全問題,緊接著下文提到了對這個問題一系列的回應。可判斷出C段的內容為對互聯網安全問題的回應。選項III符合題意。
3.根據文章第五段,“Thethingtorememberwithsecurityisthatthesystemadministrationsmustgetitrightallthetime”,可知對于互聯網的安全問題,系統管理人員必須保持準確。可判斷出D段對于安全問題提出了常見的應對措施。選項Ⅸ符合題意。
4.根據文章第六段,“TheninJuly2002,theHouseofrepresentativesapprovedtheCyberSecurityEnhancementAct.Nowifacybercrimeresultsinthedeathofanindividual,theoffendercouldfacealifesentence.”,可知在2002年7月,眾議院通過了《網絡安全加強法案》。現在,如果網絡犯罪導致個人死亡,犯罪者可能面臨終身監禁。結合整段內容,可判斷出E段的主要內容為對黑客的懲罰。選項Ⅱ符合題意。
5.根據文章第七段,“someex-hackersusingtheirextensiveknowledgeandexperiencetojoinforceswithsecurityforcestoaidthefightagainstterrorism.”,可知一些前黑客利用他們廣泛的知識和經驗與安全部隊合作,協助打擊恐怖主義。可判斷出F段的主要內容為黑客積極的一面。選項I符合題意。
6.根據文章第八段,“evenwiththeincreasedthethreatsofpunishment,computervirusesandincidentsofhackingcontinuetobewidespread.”,可知即使受到懲罰的強度增加,計算機病毒和黑客事件仍然普遍存在。可判斷出G段作者想要表達的意思是對黑客事件檢測的困難性。選項Ⅶ符合題意。
4.單選題
Humanrelationshavecommandedpeople'sattentionfromearlytimes.Thewaysofpeopledealingwiththeirrelationshavebeenrecordedininnumerablemyths,folktales,novels,poems,plays,andpopularorphilosophicalessays.Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences."Intuitive"knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior,whereasinthephysicalsciencessuchcommonsenseknowledgeisrelativelyprimitive.Ifweerasedallknowledgeofscientificphysicsfromourmodernworld,notonlywouldwenothavecarsandtelevisionsets,wemightevenfindthattheordinarypersonwasunabletocopewiththefundamentalmechanicalproblemsofpulleysandlevers.Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill"know"howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill"know"whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe"whys"ofmuchoftheself’sbehaviorandfeelings.Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.Kohler,inreferringtothelackofgreatdiscoveriesinpsychologyascomparedwithphysics,accountsforthisbysayingthat"peoplewereacquaintedwithpracticallyallterritoriesofmentallifealongtimebeforethefoundingofscientificpsychology".
Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitivecommonsensecapacitytograsphumanrelations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.Differentexplanationsofthisparadoxhavebeensuggested.Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves;butwemightaskwhypeoplehavealwayslovedtoreadpessimistic,debunkingwritings,fromEcclesiastestoFreud.Ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically;whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?Inanycase,thefieldofhumanrelations,withitsvastliterarydocumentationbutmeagerscientifictreatment,isingreatcontrasttothefieldofphysicsinwhichtherearerelativelyfewnonscientificbooks.
1.Accordingtothepassage,ithasbeensuggestedthatthescienceofhumanrelationswasslowtodevelopbecause(
).
2.Whichofthefollowingclaimssupportstheauthor'sstatementthat"psychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences"?
3.Accordingtothepassage,anunderstandingoftheselfcanbe
(
).
4.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorassumesthatcommonsenseknowledgeofhumanrelationsis(
).
問題1選項
A.intuitiveknowledgeofhumanrelationsisderivedfromphilosophy
B.earlyscientistsweremoreinterestedinthephysicalworld
C.scientificstudiesofhumanrelationsappeartoinvestigatetheobvious
D.thescientificmethodisdifficulttoapplytothestudyofhumanrelations
問題2選項
A.Commonsenseunderstandingofhumanrelationscanbeincisive
B.Thefullmeaningofahumanrelationshipmaynotbeobvious
C.Intuitiveknowledgeinthephysicalsciencesisrelativelyadvanced
D.Subjectivebiasisdifficulttocontrolinpsychologicalresearch
問題3選項
A.highlybiasedduetounconsciousfactors
B.profoundevenwhenvaguelyconceived
C.improvedbyspecializedtraining
D.irrelevantforunderstandinghumanrelations
問題4選項
A.equallywelldevelopedamongalladultswithinagivensociety
B.biasedinsofarasitisbasedonmythsandfolktales
C.typicallyunrelatedtoanindividual'sinteractionswithotherpeople
D.usuallysufficientlyaccuratetofacilitateinteractionswithothers
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:D
【解析】1.細節事實題。題目提問‘人類關系的科學發展緩慢是因為什么?’文章最后一段首先指出Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.“矛盾是,人類擁有如此本能來經營人際關系,而有關人際關系處理的技巧卻在最后一批得到發展”,而這一句話之后的內容就是對這一矛盾的解釋,根據本段倒數第二句whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?“人們為何要為一個明白的事實去系統進行觀測,再建立起一套理論呢?”可以推斷出C選項“有關人際關系的科學研究似乎是在研究顯而易見的事情”正確。
2.細節事實題。題目提問‘下列哪一項主張支持作者“心理學在科學中占有獨特地位”的說法?’根據第一段的Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences.“雖然人際關系的全部意義可能不是直接顯而易見的,但一眼就能理解的情感和行為的復雜性是驚人的巨大。因此,心理學在科學中占有獨特的地位。確定A選項“對人際關系的常識性知識了解可以是深刻的”正確。
3.細節事實題。題目提問‘根據這篇文章,對自我的理解可以……?’由第一段中“Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.換句話說,普通人對自己和他人有著深刻而偉大的理解,盡管這些理解尚未形成或只是模糊的構想,但卻能使人以或多或少具有合適的方式與他人互動。”確定B選項“即使只是在模糊的意識層面,也能有深刻的了解”正確。
4.推理判斷題。題目提問‘我們可以推斷,作者假定關于人際關系的常識是……?’根據第一段中“Ontheotherhand,ifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys”ofmuchoftheself’sbehaviorandfeelings.另一方面,如果我們把所有的科學心理學知識從我們的世界中移除,人際關系中的問題可能會像以前一樣容易處理和解決。我們仍然知道如何避免做別人要求我們做的事情,如何讓別人同意我們的觀點;我們仍然知道什么時候有人生氣,什么時候有人高興。人們甚至可以對自己的許多行為和感受的原因做出合理的解釋。”確定D項“一般足夠正確能與他人順利進行交往”正確;并確定C學習“與個人同他人的交往通常不相關”不正確;A選項“在某一特定社會內所有的成年人中等同地形成”和B選項“在它基于的神話和民間故事范圍內是有偏見的”在文中沒有提及,排除。
5.單選題
Thefactis,doctor.Ijustcannot()thisdreadfulcough.
問題1選項
A.getoutof
B.getridof
C.getdownto
D.getroundto
【答案】B
【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。A選項getoutof“逃避;避免”;B選項getridof“擺脫,除去”;C選項getdownto“開始認真考慮;著手處理”;D選項getroundto“抽出時間來做;開始考慮”。句意:事實是,醫生。我就是不能……這可怕的咳嗽。根據句意,可知是不能擺脫可怕的咳嗽。因此答案為B選項。
6.單選題
Weusuallyhaveatenminute()betweenclasses.
問題1選項
A.pause
B.interference
C.interval
D.distraction
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項pause“暫停”;B選項interference“干擾,沖突”;C選項interval“間隔,間距”;D選項distraction“注意力分散,消遣”。句意:我們通常有十分鐘的課間休息時間。根據句意,C選項interval“間隔,間距”可表示課間休息。因此C選項符合題意。
7.翻譯題
Apopularwayofmusteringinnovativeandfreshideasistoholdabrainstormingsession
—butaccordingtoapaperpublishedrecentlyinAppliedCognitivePsychology,thismaynotbethebestapproach.Thestudy,whichwascarriedoutbyNicholasKohnoftheUniversityofTexasatArlingtonandStevenSmithofTexasA&MUniversity,suggeststhatinsteadofenhancingcreativity.brainstoiTnin.usessionsmaygiverisetoa“collaborativefixation”oncertainideas.(1)
Inkeepingwithpreviousstudies,theauthorsfirstfoundthatparticipantsproducedfewerideasintotalwhentakingpartinabrainstormingsessionthaniftheyhadbeenworkingseparately.Thedifferencewasashighas44%inthefirst5minutesofabrainstormingsession.Theauthorsalsofoundthatwhenworkingseparatelyparticii)antsexploredagreatervarietyofideas,upto55%moreideacategoriesthandm.ingbrainstomiingsessions.(2)
Inasecondexperiment,theresearchersfoundthatparticipantsinabrainstormingsessiontendedtoconformtoideastowhichtheywereexposed,andtherateofconformityincreasedasthenumberofideasexposedincreased.(3)Theauthorswroteintheirpaper“Fixationtootherpeople’sideascanoccurunconsciouslyandleadtoyousuggestingideasthatmimicyourbrainstoniiin?partners.’’(4)Thus,youpotentiallybecomelesscreative,”Kohnexplainsinanaccompanyingpressrelease.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatyoushouldbanbrainstormingsessionsfromyourlabmeetings.Youmightjustneedtoadjusttheformat.Itseemsodd,but,dependingonwhatyouwanttoachieve,thebestapproachmightbetoputeveryoneinaseparateroom.“Assumingitisdesirabletohaveawidevarietyofideasorsolutionstoaproblem...thenoneshouldsplitthebrainstorminggroupintonon-interactingindividuals,avoidingagroupsession,”theauthorswriteintheirresearchpaper.“Ontheotherhand,ifthegoalistoexploreafewcategoriesindepth,theninteractingamongthemembersshouldbeencouraged.Also,takingabreakmighthelpalleviatefixation,leadingtoanimprovementinideation,especiallyintemisofthequantityandvarietyofideas.(5)’’
【答案】1.集體研討會議不但沒有提高創造性,反而可能在某些想法上會引起“合作的固定”。
2.作者們也發現,參與者獨自工作吋會探討出更多種類的想法,其數量比集體研討會議上高出多達55%。
3.集體研討會議的參與者傾向于順應自己所接觸到的想法,而這種順應的比率隨著所接觸的想法數量的增加而增加。
4.“對其他人的想法的固執己見能不知不覺地發生,并且會導致你提出模仿你集體研討會議伙伴的想法。”
5.另外,休息一下可能幫助緩和固執己見,從而導致尤其是在想法數量和種類方面的思維能力的提高。
8.單選題
Thebottomlineisthatpatientswhowanttomakesuretheirdoctoriscompetenthavealotofworktodo.Andtheworkshouldbedoneonthefrontend:expertsemphasizethatpeopleshouldfindadoctorandestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth,sotheydon’thavetoscramblewhentheycomedownwithbronchitisorfindasuspiciouslump.
Studieshavefoundthatitishardtogetanappointmentatshortnoticewhencold-calling,andthatpatientswitharegularsourceofcaregetbettercare,evenwhentheyareuninsured.Whilesomeinternistshaveadditionaltrainingincardiologyorrheumatology,shewenton,primarycarephysiciansalsohaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.
Manywomenchooseagynecologistastheirregulardoctor.Dr.Gallinsaid,butshouldprobablyhavearelationshipwithaninternistaswell.Next,reviewthelistofdoctorsinyourhealthplan.Considertheirlocationaswellastheirhospitalaffiliations.Youmaywanttocross-checkyourhealthplan’slistwithatopdoctorslistforyourarea;theselists(oftenpublishedinregionalmagazineslikeNewYorkandNewJerseyMonthly)areusuallygeneratedbysurveyingphysicians.
Checkwithyourhealthplantoseewhetherithasgoodinformationonindividualphysicians(mostdon’t,butmanyareworkingonit).GoodqualitymeasuresincludeNationalCommitteeonQualityAssuranceaccreditationaboutwhetherdoctorsmeetcriteriaforcareforspecificconditionslikebackpainordiabetes,andtheHealthcareEffectivenessDataInformationSet,whichfocusesonadherencetoclinicalguidelines,likeprescribingabetablockerafteraheartattack.Somehealthplansalsooffernetworksofhigh-performingor“honorroll”physicians;askaboutthecriteria.
Ifyou’reuninsured,youmaybeabletonegotiatewithadoctorandagreeonareducedfee,butrememberthatyouwillalsoberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,X-rays,proceduresandmedications.Thesecostsaremorelikelytobecoveredorchargedonaslidingscaleatacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinic.(Tofindalocation,seeunder“FindHelp”,ortheFamiliesUSAWebsite,,under“ResourcesforConsumers”.)
Otherfactorstoconsiderarewhetherthedoctorhaseveningandweekendhours,whethertheofficeleavestimeopentoschedulesame-dayappointmentsforurgentcare,whetherwaitingtimesarereasonableandwhetherthedoctorisinsolopracticeoragrouppractice.(Someexpertssaythatgrouppracticestendtobemoreefficientandthatdoctorsingroupsaremorelikelytostayuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice.)Ifthedoctoruseselectronicrecords,that’saplus,someexpertssay.
Onthecrucialquestionofwhetheryouarecomfortablewiththedoctoryou’vechosen,youwon’tknowthatuntilyoumeetwiththedoctor.Pediatricianswillusuallyagreetoaninterview;busyinternistsoftenwon’t.
6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?
7.Inadditiontoagynecologist,womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternistbecause____.
8.Fortheuninsured,expertssuggest____.
9.Expertsindicatethatifadoctoruseselectronicrecords,____.
10.StrategiesforgettinganappointmentwithadoctormoreeasilyincludeallEXCEPT____.
問題1選項
A.Primaryphysiciansusuallyhaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.
B.Patientsoftenfinditaloteasiertogetanappointmentwhiletheyareingoodhealth.
C.Thepeopledonotneedtoestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth.
D.Strategiesareneededforgettinganappointmentwithacompetentdoctor.
問題2選項
A.everyinternisthasanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals
B.someinternistsareonlytrainedincardiologyorrheumatology
C.theyhavearegularsourceofcare
D.theydonotoftenneedtogetanappointmentwithadoctor
問題3選項
A.theyberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,proceduresandmedication
B.theyreachsomeagreementwithadoctorforadjustedcoverageofcosts
C.theygotoacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinicforfreemedicalcare
D.theyvisittheFamiliesUSAWebsitetolocatefreehealthcare
問題4選項
A.thedoctorshouldbeaprioritychoiceforpatients
B.thedoctormustbeextremelypopularamongpatients
C.patientsshouldgivethedoctorextracredits
D.theuninsuredmaybechargedmorethantheinsured
問題5選項
A.establishingarelationshipwithadoctorwhohaseveningandweekendhours
B.discoveringacomfortrelationshipwithadoctorthroughinterviews
C.stayinguninsuredforreducedchargesincommunityhealthcenters
D.findingadoctorinagrouppracticethatstaysuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:C
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:C
【解析】6.【選項釋義】
Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?下面哪個陳述最好地表達了這篇文章的主要思想?
A.Primaryphysiciansusuallyhaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.A.初級醫生通常有一個可推薦的值得信賴的專家網絡。
B.PatientsoftenfinditaloteasiertogetanappointmentwhiletheyareingoodhealthB.病人們經常發現,當他們在身體健康時,預約成功要容易得多。
C.Thepeopledonotneedtoestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth.C.人們健康的時候不需要與醫生建立關系。
D.Strategiesareneededforgettinganappointmentwithacompetentdoctor.D.預約到有能力的醫生需要一些策略。
【考查點】主旨大意題。
【解題思路】分析文章行文結構:本文的行文邏輯為“總分式”,首段提出觀點,總領全文,后文就首段提出的觀點給出具體的建議。首段第2句說到“這項工作應該在最先完成,即:專家們強調,人們應該在身體健康的時候找醫生并建立聯系(peopleshouldfindadoctorandestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth)”;第2-7段分別為作者對“如何預約到有實力的醫生”給出的策略或者需要考慮的因素,D選項“預約到有能力的醫生需要一些策略”符合題意。(另外,第10題的題干也提示了“預約醫生的策略”。)
【干擾項排除】
A選項“初級醫生通常有一個可推薦的值得信賴的專家網絡”,僅在原文第2段提到,不能概括全文主旨,該選項屬于以偏概全;
B選項“病人們經常發現,當他們在身體健康時,預約成功要容易得多”,僅在原文第1段提到,不能概括全文主旨,該選項屬于以偏概全;
C選項“人們健康的時候不需要與醫生建立關系”,表述與原文不符,原文第1段第2句提到“專家們強調,人們應該在身體健康的時候找醫生并建立關系”。
7.【選項釋義】
Inadditiontoagynecologist,womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternistbecause____.除了婦科醫生,女性也應該與內科醫生建立關系,因為____。
A.everyinternisthasanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferralsA.每個內科醫生都有一個可推薦的值得信賴的專家網絡
B.someinternistsareonlytrainedincardiologyorrheumatologyB.一些內科醫生只接受過心臟病學或風濕病學的培訓
C.theyhavearegularsourceofcareC.他們有常規的治療來源
D.theydonotoftenneedtogetanappointmentwithadoctorD.他們不需要總是跟醫生預約
【考查點】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據題干關鍵詞womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternist定位到原文第3段第1句,該句提到“加林醫生說,但也應該和內科醫生聯系一下。”該句后一句提到“接下來,檢查你的健康計劃中的醫生名單”,說明作者已經開始介紹另一個策略了,因此本題的答案應該往前找。原文第2段提到“有常規治療來源的病人(patientswitharegularsourceofcare)得到更好的護理”,緊接著說“盡管一些內科醫生在心臟病學或風濕病學方面有額外的培訓,但初級保健醫生也有一個可推薦的值得信賴的專家網絡。”由此推斷,專家建議女性應該和內科醫生聯系一下,是因為他們有可推薦的值得信賴的專家網絡,即常規治療來源,C選項“他們有常規的治療來源”表述正確。
【干擾項排除】
A選項“每個內科醫生都有一個可推薦的值得信賴的專家網絡”,“每個”的表述不恰當,該選項屬于過度推理;
B選項“一些內科醫生只接受過心臟病學或風濕病學的培訓”,表述不符合原文,原文第2段第2句提到“心臟病學或風濕病學的培訓”是內科醫生的額外訓練(additionaltraining),說明他們還接受了其他訓練,該選項屬于偷換概念;
D選項“他們不需要總是跟醫生預約”,原文只是說有常規護理來源的能得到更好的治療(getbettercare),并沒有說就不需要預約了,該選項屬于過度推理。
8.【選項釋義】
Fortheuninsured,expertssuggest____.對于沒有保險的人,專家建議____。
A.theyberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,proceduresandmedicationA.他們要負責化驗、驗血、手術和用藥的費用
B.theyreachsomeagreementwithadoctorforadjustedcoverageofcostsB.他們和醫生達成協議,調整需承擔的費用
C.theygotoacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinicforfreemedicalcareC.他們去社區健康中心或醫院診所接受免費醫療
D.theyvisittheFamiliesUSAWebsitetolocatefreehealthcareD.他們訪問美國家庭網站尋找免費醫療
【考查點】事實細節題。
【解題思路】根據題干關鍵詞theuninsured和suggest定位到原文第5段第1句,該句提到“如果你沒有保險,可以和醫生協商(negotiatewithadoctor),讓醫生同意降低費用(agreeonareducedfee)”,由此可知,B選項“他們和醫生達成協議,調整需承擔的費用”,表述正確。
【干擾項排除】
A選項“他們要負責化驗、驗血、手術和用藥的費用”,可定位到原文第5段第1句,該句提到“你還是要承擔(youwillalsoberesponsiblefor)實驗室檢測、血液檢測、X光、程序和藥物的費用”,由此可知,該選項只是在陳述事實,而非專家的建議;
C選項“他們去社區健康中心或醫院診所接受免費醫療”,可定位到第5段第2句,該句提到“這些費用更有可能由社區衛生中心或醫院診所按浮動比例支付或收取(becoveredorcharged)。”由此可知,社區健康中心或醫院診所并不提供免費醫療,并且這不是專家的建議,該選項屬于曲解原文;
D選項“他們訪問美國家庭網站尋找免費醫療”,可定位到第5段最后一句,該句提到“您可以在美國家庭網站www.的‘消費者資源’中找到。”根據上下文可知,這個網址是找社區健康中心或者醫院診所的,并且這些醫療也并不是免費的,該選項屬于曲解原文。
9.【選項釋義】
Expertsindicatethatifadoctoruseselectronicrecords,____.專家提示,如果一個醫生使用電子病歷,那么____。
A.thedoctorshouldbeaprioritychoiceforpatientsA.這個醫生應該是病人優先選擇的對象
B.thedoctormustbeextremelypopularamongpatientsB.這位醫生一定很受病人歡迎
C.patientsshouldgivethedoctorextracreditsC.病人應該給醫生額外的贊揚
D.theuninsuredmaybechargedmorethantheinsuredD.未投保的人可能會比已投保的人被收取更多的費用
【考查點】事實細節題。
【解題思路】根據題干關鍵詞adoctoruseselectronicrecords定位到原文倒數第2段最后一句,該句提到“如果醫生使用電子病歷(thedoctoruseselectronicrecords),這是一個優點(aplus)。”另外,本段第一句提到“其他需要考慮的因素是……(Otherfactorstoconsiderare…)”由此可知,使用電子病歷的醫生是相對來說可靠的、好的醫生;另外,全文主要是介紹如何挑選好的醫生并與之建立聯系,A選項“這個醫生應該是病人優先選擇的對象”,符合原文。
【干擾項排除】
B選項“這位醫生一定很受病人歡迎”,原文只是說這是該醫生的優點,并沒有提到一定特別受歡迎,該選項屬于過度推測;
C選項“病人應該給醫生額外的贊揚”,專家說這是一個優點,并不是為了要贊揚醫生,而是告訴讀者可以選擇這樣的醫生,該選項屬于曲解原文;
D選項“未投保的人可能會比已投保的人被收取更多的費用”,原文并未提及,該選項屬于無中生有。
10.【選項釋義】
StrategiesforgettinganappointmentwithadoctormoreeasilyincludeallEXCEPT____.更容易預約醫生的策略包括除____以外的所有內容。
A.establishingarelationshipwithadoctorwhohaseveningandweekendhoursA.與一位晚上和周末都有空的醫生建立關系
B.discoveringacomfortrelationshipwithadoctorthroughinterviewsB.通過會面與醫生的建立舒適的關系
C.stayinguninsuredforreducedchargesincommunityhealthcentersC.為了在社區衛生中心享受降低一點的費用而不買保險
D.findingadoctorinagrouppracticethatstaysuptodateoncurrentmedicalpracticeD.找一個屬于某個醫療團隊的醫生且這個團隊進行當前最新的醫療實踐
【考查點】事實細節題。
【解題思路】本題要求選原文沒有提到的策略。C選項“為了在社區衛生中心享受降低一點的費用而不買保險”,可定位到原文第5段第1句,該句提到“如果你沒有保險(Ifyou’reuninsured),你可以和醫生協商降低費用……”原文只是說沒有買保險的人可以跟醫生商量少收一些費用,并不是建議不買保險,選項表述錯誤,本末倒置,符合題意。
【干擾項排除】
A選項“與一位晚上和周末都有空的醫生建立關系”,可定位到原文倒數第2段第1句,該句提到“其他需要考慮的因素(Otherfactorstoconsider)包括醫生是否有晚上和周末的時間(whetherthedoctorhaseveningandweekendhours)……”,由此可知,晚上和周末都有空的醫生更方便建立關系和預約看病,選項表述正確,不符合題意,該選項屬于反向干擾;
B選項“通過會面與醫生建立舒適的關系”,可定位到原文最后一段第1句,該句提到“關于你是否能跟你選擇的醫生相處愉快(whetheryouarecomfortablewiththedoctor)這個關鍵問題,直到你們見了面(meetwiththedoctor),你才會知道。”由此可知,通過雙方面對面交往,才能知道是否能跟對方相處愉快,才能建立舒適的關系,選項表述正確,不符合題意,該選項屬于反向干擾;
D選項“找一個屬于某個醫療團隊的醫生且這個團隊進行當前最新的醫療實踐”,可定位到原文倒數第2段倒數第2句,該句提到“集體實踐(grouppractices)往往更有效率,團體醫生更有可能保持最新的醫療實踐(stayuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice)。”由此可知,作者更推薦處于某個醫學團隊的醫生,選項表述正確,不符合題意,該選項屬于反向干擾。
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