書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-山東外事職業大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Agroupofyoungmeninragssaunteredalongthestreet.

問題1選項

A.shuffled

B.rambled

C.tacked

D.hollered

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.shuffled拖著腳走，坐立不安B.rambled漫步，閑逛

C.tacked（用平頭釘）釘住；戧風行駛D.hollered發牢騷，大聲喊叫

【答案】B

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】由Agroupofyoungmeninrags（一群衣衫襤褸的年輕人）和street（街道）可推測，句子意思表示“一群衣衫襤褸的年輕人沿街閑逛”，劃線單詞sauntered表示“閑逛，漫步”。因此，B選項詞義最為接近，該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項與劃線單詞意思不符合。

【句意】一群衣衫襤褸的年輕人沿街閑逛。

2.單選題

Ifwe（

）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

問題1選項

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。diffuse“擴散”；diminish“減少”；terminate“使終止，使結束”；preclude“排除，妨礙”。句意：如果我們結束與那個國家的關系，我們必須尋找其他原材料提供國。選項C符合題意。

3.單選題

Theapartmentwas（）as$50,000anditsownerdecidedtosellit.

問題1選項

A.automated

B.assessed

C.asserted

D.avenged

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項automate“使自動化”，B項assess“評定，估價”，C項assert“堅持，斷言”，D項avenge“報復，報仇”。句意：這套公寓的估價為5萬美元，房主決定賣掉它。根據句意，該題選B正確。

4.單選題

AsmanyofthearticlesinthisissueofTheMcKinseyQuarterlydemonstrate,companiesinthedevelopedworldareoutsourcing（資源外置）everlargerportionsoftheirbusinesstolow-cost,highlyskilledworkersinthedevelopingworld.Drivingthistrendistheremarkableabilityoftheglobalworkforcetolearnonthejob.

Infact,therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliticiansalike.Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,political,andintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.TheresearchoftheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute(MGI)duringthepastdecadehasconsistentlyshownthatworkersinallcountriescanbetrainedonthejobtoachieveradicallyhigherproductivityand,asaresult,radicallyhigherstandardsofliving.

MGIhasfoundampleevidenceinthedevelopingworldtosupportthisconclusion.InBrazil,forexample,thetwoleadingprivateretailbanksarelocallyownedandstaffedbutachievenear-globallevelsofbest-practiceproductivity.AHondafactoryinBrazilperformsalmostaswellasthecompany’sJapaneseandUSplants.Inthesamecountry,theFrenchhypermarketchainCarrefourachievesabout90percentoftheproductivitythatitachievesathome.

Whatistherealrelationshipbetweeneducationandeconomicdevelopment?Ihavebeguntosuspectthatcontinuingeconomicgrowthpromotesthedevelopmentofeducationevenwhengovernmentsdon'tforceit.Afterall,that'showeducationgotstarted.Whenourancestorswerehuntersandgatherers10,000yearsago,theydidn'thavetimeforeducation.Theydidn'thavetimetowondermuchaboutanythingbesidesfindingfood.Onlywhenhumanitybegantogetitsfoodinamoreproductivewaywastheretimeforotherthings.

Aseducationimproved,humanity'sproductivitypotentialincreasedaswell.Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation.Thisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnotasufficient,conditionforthecomplexpoliticalsystemsrequiredbyadvancedeconomicperformance.Thuspoorcountriesmightnotbeabletoescapetheirpovertytrapswithoutpoliticalchangesthatmaybepossibleonlywithbroaderformaleducation.Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.Onthecontrary,constraintsonimprovingproductivityexplainwhyeducationisn'tdevelopingmorequicklytherethanitis.

1.Wecanconcludefromthesecondparagraphthatinpoorcountries（

）.

2.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theeconomicgrowthisneeded

（

）.

3.Accordingtothetext,educationgotstarted（

）.

問題1選項

A.progressineducationisnecessaryforthepoliticaldevelopment

B.theimportanceofeducationhasbeenoverestimated

C.thepooreducationresultsinthelowstandardsofliving

D.thetraditionalviewabouteducationisgroundless

問題2選項

A.beforeeducationcanprogress

B.beforeapoliticalsystemcanoperate

C.inpoorcountriestoescapepoverty

D.toadapttothecompetitiveenvironment

問題3選項

A.whenthegovernmentforcedpeopletostudy

B.whenourancestorshadenoughtime

C.whenourancestorswerenolongerphysicallyhungry

D.beforeourancestorsfoundbetterwaystogetfood

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.細節事實題。由文章第二段中的however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong（然而，在貧窮國家教育應該是最優先促進經濟快速發展的觀點是錯誤的）可知B選項“教育的重要性被高估了”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由最后一段中的Whenthecompetitiveenvironmentpushedourancestorstoachievethatpotential,theycouldinturnaffordmoreeducation...Alackofformaleducation,however,doesn'tconstraintheabilityofthedevelopingworld'sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityfortheforeseeablefuture.（當競爭環境推動我們的祖先實現這一潛力時，他們又能提供更多的教育……然而，缺乏正規教育并不會限制發展中國家勞動力在可預見的未來大幅度提高生產力的能力）可知經濟的增長需要適應競爭環境，因此選D。

3.細節事實題。文章第四段的內容為：教育與經濟發展的真正關系是什么？我開始懷疑持續的經濟增長會促進教育的發展，即使政府不強制教育。畢竟，教育就是這樣開始的。當我們的祖先一萬年前是獵人和采集者時，他們沒有時間接受教育。可知教育開始在我們的祖先找到更好的食物的方法之前，因此選D。

5.單選題

Faulkner'sneighborsbothlovedandreviledhiminthesamebreath.

問題1選項

A.scolded

B.revealed

C.revived

D.reveled

【答案】A

【解析】句意：Faulkner的鄰居們對他又愛又罵。reviled意為“辱罵，謾罵”。scolded責罵，訓斥；revealed透露，顯示；revived使復活，使恢復；reveled狂歡，陶醉。選項A與之意思相近。

6.單選題

Therewasagroupofdemonstrators（）anti-governmentslogansinthesquare.

問題1選項

A.crowing

B.chanting

C.intoning

D.crooning

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。crowing“啼叫”；chanting“喊叫，歌頌”；intoning“吟詠”；crooning“柔情低唱”。句意：一群游行示威者在廣場上有節奏的高喊反政府的口號。選項B符合題意。

7.單選題

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

問題1選項

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。opulently“富裕地，豐裕地”；excessively“過分地，極度”,強調的是超過合理范圍的；consistently“一貫地，一致地”；exceedingly“極其，非常”，相當于very。句意：如果你在電梯里盯著陌生人看，你會讓別人極其不舒服，并且你自己也會覺得很奇怪。選項D符合題意。

8.單選題

Tryingto（）thebestcourseofactioninthefaceofthedecliningmarket,heconsultedCharlesBillwhohadworkedforaleadingfirminChicagoasmarketingconsultantformanyyears.

問題1選項

A.reasonout

B.markout

C.spellout

D.sendout

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。reasonout“推理出，推論出”；markout“規劃；制定”；spellout“講清楚”；sendout“發送，派遣”。根據后面heconsultedCharlesBill“他咨詢了查爾斯?比爾”可知他是“為了制定最好的行動方案來面對衰退的市場”，因此選項B符合題意。

9.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople.75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner’.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselves-toglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare（

）.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’neckbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto（

）.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

問題1選項

A.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

B.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

問題2選項

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

問題3選項

A.theydon'tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theydon’thowtocommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

問題4選項

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問題5選項

A.nottoweardarkglasses

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepaused

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。文章第一段第一句提到“眼睛是心靈的窗戶這個說法是有爭議的，但是在人際交往中眼睛非常重要是事實”Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact，選項B“在表達情感和交流思想時非常重要”符合題意。

第2題:細節事實題。文章第一段第四句話提到“一張真正的人臉但是眼睛被遮住了不能引發嬰兒笑，只露出一只眼睛的側臉也不能讓嬰兒笑”（arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile），由此可知選項C“從側面看某人的臉”符合題意。

第3題:細節事實題。文章第一段提到“日本的嬰兒被母親背在背上，在他們的文化中沒有接收太多關于眼神交流的內容”（InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures），所以他們交流時喜歡看對方的脖子而不是眼睛，選項D符合題意。

第4題:細節事實題。文章第二段提到“重要的是他們要在說話人重新建立眼神交流的時刻看向說話人；如果他們沒有看向對方，說話人會認為他們對所說話題不感興趣或者以為他們想中斷談話”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），因此選項C“停止眼神交流的時間不當”符合題意。

第5題:細節事實題。文章最后一句話提到“當談話雙方都戴墨鏡的時候就會知道這種眼神交流對于保持通暢談話有多重要：可能會中途被打斷，錯誤的開始或者意料之外的停頓等等”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），選項A符合題意。

10.單選題

Hehasgiven（）excusesforbeinglate;butnoneofthemistrue.

問題1選項

A.number

B.numeral

C.numerable

D.numerous

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他給出很多遲到的理由，但是沒有一個是真的。

考查形容詞辨析。number數字，號碼；numeral數字，數碼;numerable可數的，可計算的；numerous很多的，許多的。根據后面句意“但是沒有一個是真的”可知D符合句意。

11.單選題

Hedevelopeda（）attitudeafteryearsoffrustrationinhiscareer.

問題1選項

A.encouraged

B.disgusted

C.drastic

D.cynical

【答案】D

【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的；disgusted厭煩的；drastic激烈的；cynical憤世嫉俗的。句意：在經歷了多年的事業挫折之后，他變得憤世嫉俗。選項D符合語境。

12.單選題

HehasbeeninChinaforayearandstudiedthemarkettodiscoverthe（

）forprofitableinvestment.

問題1選項

A.necessity

B.reality

C.capacity

D.potential

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他在中國待了一年來研究市場，以便發現投資獲利的可能性。

考查名詞辨析。Necessity必然,必要,需要;reality現實,事實;capacity容量,能力,職位;potential可能,潛能。故D符合句意。

13.單選題

Visionsareaskedto（

）withtheregulations.

問題1選項

A.conflict

B.consult

C.comply

D.contrast

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。conflict“沖突”；consult“咨詢”；comply“遵守”；contrast“對比”。句意：愿景被要求遵守于規則。選項C符合題意。

14.單選題

Thechildrenhaveamore（

）view,onlytakinginconsiderationwhatwillwork.

問題1選項

A.pragmatic

B.dreary

C.marital

D.dominant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項pragmatic“實用的，講求實效的”；B選項dreary“令人沮喪的，沉悶的”；C選項marital“婚姻的，夫妻關系的”；D選項dominant“首要的，占支配地位的，占優勢的”。由后面的“onlytakinginconsiderationwhatwillwork（只有考慮到什么才能起作用）”可知A選項最符合邏輯搭配。句意：孩子們有一個更實用的觀點，只考慮什么會起作用。

15.單選題

Theannual（）ofthedepartmentstorestartstomorrow.

問題1選項

A.stocking

B.stocktaking

C.stockpiling

D.stockholding

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析。stocking長襪；stocktaking盤點存貨；stockpiling貯存，囤積；stockholding持有股票或證券。句意：百貨公司的年度盤點明天開始。選項B符合句意。

16.單選題

Thelocalgovernmentreducedthetaxonpetrolasa（）tothepublicoutcry.

問題1選項

A.conception

B.consensus

C.contempt

D.concession

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項conception“懷孕；概念；設想”；B選項consensus“一致；輿論；合意”；C選項contempt“輕視，蔑視；恥辱”；D選項concession“讓步；承認；退位”。句意：當地政府減少汽油稅來當作對公眾強烈抗議的讓步。根據句意可知D選項正確。

17.單選題

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittleliaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned.Ideasaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved,havinggivenhiswifeher"housekeeping",wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewasandstillisinclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasanimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlaws,combinedwithageneralriseinthestandardoflivingsincethemid-fiftiesofthe20thcentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow".Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid.Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillre-appear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

1.Whichofthefollowingisseenasthecauseofclassdifferencesinthepast?

2.Thewriterseemstosuggestthatthedescriptionof（）isclosertotruth?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnotatypicalfeatureofthemiddleclass?

4.Working-classpeople'ssenseofsecurityincreasedasaresultofallthefollowingfactorsexcept?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?

問題1選項

A.lifestyleandoccupation

B.Attitudeandincome

C.incomeandjobsecurity

D.jobsecurityandhobbies

問題2選項

A.middle-classwaysofspendingmoney

B.working-classwaysofspendingtheweekend

C.working-classdrinkinghabits

D.middle-classattitudes

問題3選項

A.desiringforsecurity

B.Makinglongtermplans

C.havingprioritiesinlife

D.savingmoney

問題4選項

A.bettersocialsecurity

B.morejobopportunities

C.higherlivingstandard

D.betterlegalprotection.

問題5選項

A.ChangesareslowlytakingplaceinallsectorsoftheBritishsociety.

B.Thegapbetweenworking-classandmiddle-classyoungpeopleisnarrowing.

C.differenceinincomewillremainbutthoseinoccupationwilldisappear.

D.middle-classpeoplemaysometimesfeelinferiortoworking-classpeople.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節事實題。第二段指出:Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence(過去，工人階級的工資往往低于中產階級，如教師和醫生。由于這一點，也由于工人的工作普遍不太穩定，生活方式和態度出現了明顯的差異),因此選C“收入和工作穩定”。

2.細節事實題。第三段指出:Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth(中產階級花錢的舊模式或許更接近真實),因此A項“中產階級花錢的方式”正確。

3.細節事實題。A:渴望安全,C:在生活中有優先考慮的事情,第三段指出:Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasanimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity(他(中產階級)不僅將買房子看成是一件重要的事情，且他還認為自己孩子的教育非常重耍。這兩個方而為他和自己的家庭提供了安全),因此A和C屬于中產階級的典型特點。B:制定長遠的計劃,由第三段“Hewasandstillisinclinedtotakealonger-termview(他（即中產階級）過去且現在仍然傾向于去采取更長遠的觀點)”可知B項屬于中產階級的典型特點。只有D項“攢錢”沒提及,故選D。

4.細節事實題。A:更好的社會保障,B:更多的工作機會,C:更高的生活水平,D:更好的法律保護,第三段指出:Socialsecurityandlaws,combinedwithageneralriseinthestandardoflivingsincethemid-fiftiesofthe20thcentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow"(社會保障和法律，以及20世紀以來生活水平的普遍提高，讓大家相比以前更沒有必要去擔心‘明天’),故A、C、D屬于導致工人階級安全感提升的因素。B項文章未提及。

5.細節事實題。A:英國社會的各個方面都正在發生緩慢變化,第一段指出:Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned(過去25年里，英國社會發生了很大變化或至少它的很多方而發生了很大的變化，但有些方而卻沒什么變化),因此A項與原文不符。B:工人階級和中產階級年輕人之間的差距正在縮小,由最后一段“Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople(（工人階級與中產階級）在生活方式和態度上的改變可能最容易在年輕人身上被看到)”可知B與原文相符。C:收人差異將仍然存在，但是在職業上的那些差異將會消失,最后一段指出:Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid（whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave）andthelow-paid(然而，我們在收入高的人（無論他們可能有的工作種類是什么）和收人差的人之間仍然將會有大的落差),因此C與原文相符。D:中產階級有時感覺不如工人階級,第四段指出:Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition(實際上，在過去數年里中產階級為自己的位置感到有些羞愧的傾向在不斷增加),因此D項與原文相符。故答案選A。

18.翻譯題

Shoppingwasstressfulformen.Insomecases,whenwelookedatheartrateandbloodpressure,wesawsomethingyou’dexpecttoseeinfighterpilotsgoingintocombatorpolicemengoingintodangeroussituations.

Guy-modeshoppingisnotcompatiblewithfemaleshopping.Femaleshoppinginvolveslong-terminteractionwithcrowdsofpeoplewhodon’treallyknowwhattheywant,orwheretheywanttogo.Nomancanstandmuchofthis.Wemenareallaboutcompletion—gettingin,gettingthejobdone,andgettingout.

Here’showI’veshopped:1.DecideonthethingIwant.2.Callaroundtofindanearlydesertedstorethathasthething.3.Gotothestore.4.Walkdirectlytothething.5.Buyit.6.Getitwrapped.7.Peelout.

Lastyear,IboughtwifeBrendaacoffeepotforChristmas.Thewholeprocess,doortodoor，tookabout15minutes.Still，Iwasshakingwhenitwasover.

Aguymakesaplan,carriesitoutandexits.Wedon’twander,wedon’tbrowse,andwedon’tdoawholelotofcomparing.Ifwesaywe’regoingwindowshopping,youcanexpectustocomehomewithawindow.Mostofthemenadmittedthattheywouldchoosethefirstgifttheysaw,ratherthanspendtimeincrowdedstores.

Let’sseehowDavidbuyscars:Hecallsdowntothecarlotandtellshissalesmantostartdrivingcarsbyhisofficewindow.IfDaviddoesn’tlikeacar,hejustwavesthesalesmanon.Ifacarcatcheshiseye,Davidholdsuphishand.Thesalesmanpullsover.Davidwalksoutandexaminesthecarupclose.Ifhestilllikesthecarafterfiveminutes,hewritesacheck.

【答案】購物對男人來說是有壓力的。在一些情況下，當我們觀察心率和血壓時，我們看到了一些你會在戰斗機飛行員進入戰斗或警察進入危險的情況下看到的一種狀態。

男性模式的購物與女性不同。女性購物需要與一群不知道自己想要什么、想去哪里的人進行長期互動。而這些男人無法忍受。我們男人都是為了達到目標——達到目標，然后離開。

這是我購物的方式：1.確定我想買的東西；2.打電話到附近找一家幾乎沒人的商店，并且這個商店有這個東西；3.去這個商店；4.直接找到此商品；5.購買；6.包裝好；7.離開。

去年，我給妻子買了個咖啡壺作為圣誕禮物。一個一個商店地逛，整個過程花了15分鐘。結束時我仍然在發抖。

男人購物會制定計劃，實施計劃然后結束離開。我們不會閑逛、不會多瀏覽，也不會做大量的比較。如果我們說我們要去逛街看櫥窗，你可以指望我們帶著一扇窗回家。大多數男性承認，他們會選擇他們看到的第一件禮物，而不是花時間在擁擠的商店里。

我們來看一下David是如何買汽車的：他打電話到汽車展銷中心，告訴他的銷售員開始在他辦公室的窗戶旁駕駛汽車。如果大衛不喜歡汽車，他就向銷售員揮手示意。如果一輛汽車引起了他的注意，大衛就會舉起手來。銷售員把車停在路邊。大衛走過去，近距離檢查汽車。如果五分鐘后他還喜歡這輛車，他就會開支票買下來。

19.單選題

Afterawholeday’sheavywork，theoldworkerreturnedhome,（

）.

問題1選項

A.hungryandfeltexhausting

B.hungerandexhausted

C.hungryandhavingbeenexhausted

D.hungryandexhausted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞作狀語。題干的主語是theoldworker,空格處填兩個形容詞來修飾主語。根據前一句“在一天的勞累工作之后”可知這個老工人是饑餓并且疲憊的。exhausting使筋疲力盡的；exhausted疲憊的。故D項正確。句意：在經歷一天的勞累工作后，這個老工人帶著饑餓和疲憊回家了。

20.翻譯題

TheEnglishlanguagedoesnotstandstillanymorethanourotherinstitutions.Alllanguagechangesoveraperiodoftime,forreasonswhichareimperfectlyunderstood.Orrather,sincespeechisreallyaformofhumanactivity,likedancingorplayingthepiano-andnotanentityinitself-itismoreexacttosaythateachsuccessivegenerationbehaveslinguisticallyinalightlydifferentmannerfromitspredecessors.Inhisteenstheyoungmanisimpatientofwhatheconsiderstobetheundulyformalandunnaturalvocabularyandpronunciationofhiseldersandhelikestoshowhowuptodateheisbytheuseofthelatestslang,butastheyearsgoby,someofhisslangbecomesstandardusageandinanycaseheslowlygrowslessreceptivetolinguisticnovelties.

【答案】英語和我們的其他體系一樣，不會停滯不前。所有的語言都會在一段時間內發生變化，變化的原因人們還不完全理解。或者更確切地說，因為語言是人類活動的一種形式，就像跳舞或演奏鋼琴一樣，而不是一種實體本身，因此更準確的說法應該是每一代人與上一代相比，在語言行為上都略有不同。青少年會認為長輩的語言過于正式，詞匯和發音都不自然，對此他們失去耐心，他們會急于顯示自己的時髦，使用最新的俚語，但是隨著歲月的流逝，他們使用一些俚語就變成了標準用法，同時對于語言上的創新，他們也不像過去那樣歡迎了。

21.單選題

Dr.ElizabethHurdondistinguishedherselfasasurgeonatatimeinwhichmedicalprofessionwas（）male.

問題1選項

A.only

B.occasionally

C.predominantly

D.regrettably

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