PartOne句子成分成分詞性例句主語（處于謂語動詞前）名詞Theappleisred.代詞Nobodyishere.數詞Fourandfivemakesnine.名詞化的形容詞Theoldneedourhelp.todo/doingTobeadoctorismydream.Runningisgoodforhealth.從句Thatheishandsomeiswellknown.Whatyousaidisright.謂語簡單謂語：一個動詞/動詞詞組Heoftenreadsnewspaper.Theplanetakesoff.復合謂語：助動詞+動詞HecanspeakEnglishwell.表語位于系動詞后面的成分一般為：名詞，代詞，形容詞，數詞，todo/doing;介詞短語，從句；畐U詞Mywishistobecomeadoctor.Timeispressing.時間緊迫Iamatwork.ThisiswhyIamhere.賓語位干及物動詞或者介詞后的部分名詞；代詞；數詞；名詞化的形容詞；todo/doing;從句weloveourmotherland.Buyit.Givemefive.Weshouldhelpthepoor.DoyouunderstandwhatIsaid?補足語賓語補足語：對賓語講行補充說明形容詞分詞短語不定式名詞介詞短語副詞Ifoundthebookveryinteresting.Hemadehimselfknowntoothers.Heaskedmetodosth.wemustkeepitasecret.makeyourselfathome.keepthedogout.主語補足語：對主語進行補充說明名詞；形容詞等Thedogwasfounddead.Heiselectedmonitoroftheclass.定語修飾限定名詞或者代詞的成分介詞短語代詞數詞名詞不定式分詞從句Thebookonthedeskismine.Mybagishere.Threedogsarebarking.stonetablethewaytodothismovingfilm/boiledwaterIknowtheboywhoisstandingthere.狀語修飾動詞.形容詞.副詞.句子副詞不定式分詞短語介詞短語從句Tomspeaksfast.Ibuythecaketoeat.Arrivingthere,Icalledhim.WhenIwasachild,Iwassocute.Parttwo句子的類型簡單句---五種基本句型1）主語+不及物動詞【主謂】Thedogdied.2）主語+及物動詞+賓語【主謂賓】IteachEnglish.）主語+動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語【主謂賓賓】Shesentmeapresent.）主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語【主謂賓賓補】）主語+系動詞+表語【主系表】并列句…由并列連詞【fanboys】連接的句子。fanboys:for,and,nor,but,or,yet,so1.注意就遠原則、就近原則2.注意邏輯語義關系。>主從復合句1.分類名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句*同位語從句形容詞性從句定語從句副詞性從句狀語從句2.名詞性從句的連接詞使用一覽表連接詞從句內部情況是否可省例句that不缺成分；意義完整賓語從句可以省；主從，表從不可省Iknow(that)youloveEnglish.ThatyouloveEnglishiswellknown.ThereasonisthatyouloveEnglish.whether不缺成分；意義''是否”不可省WhetherIamalivedependsonyou.Theproblemiswhetherhewillagreewithyou.if不缺成分；意義''是否”只能用在賓語從句中的某些情況whose從句缺定語；“誰的”不可省Iwanttoknowwhosebagitis.whichwhatwho/whom從句缺主語、賓語，表語不可省Whichboywillgothereisunknown.Whatyousaidisright.Iwonderwhoheis.wherewhywhenhow從句缺狀語；地點意義，時間意義，方式，原因意義不可省Whereyouwanttoliveisnotaquestionnow.Iwonderwhyyouaresobrilliant.Ididn'tknowwhenheleft.Letteachyouhowtowrite.從句的語序：陳述語序---引導詞后緊跟從句的主語。【注意特例】：特殊疑問詞本身做主語的時候，改為賓從的時候，語序不變。what'swrong/thematter/theproblem(with...)whichisthewayto...whatisthemostbeautiful..whatishappeningoverthere.whoisstandingthere.3)時態主現從不限，主過從必過，真理永一現。注意：在改寫賓從的時候，1)如果主句是一般過去式，從句要用相應的過去時態。2)注意人稱變化；3)注意時間狀語的變化3.定從考點梳理連接詞使用一覽表從句內部情況連接詞是否可省例句從句缺主語賓語that當從句缺的是賓語的時候，可以省略IknowagirlthatisgoodatEnglish.Iknowthegirl(that)youtalkabout.which【先行詞為物】who/whom【先行詞為人】當從句缺的是賓語的時候，可以省略Thisisthebag(which)youboughtforme.Thisistheman(whom)Ilove.從句缺定語；“誰的”whoseIliveinthehousewhosedooriswhite.從句基本完整wherewhywhenIsthereaplacewherewecanspendourholidays?Idon'tknowthereasonwhyheislate.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwelivedtogether.注意：只能用that的情況先行詞是all,few,little,much,something,anything,everything等不定代詞先行詞由only,very修飾先行詞被最高級、序數詞修飾先行詞中既有人又有物非限制性定語從句：特點:先行詞與定語從句之間有逗號隔開which引導：先行詞既可以是一個單詞，也可以是一整個句子as引導：可參考常見搭配：assbexpectedasismentionedbeforeasiswell-known4.狀語從句重點連接詞時間狀語從句since---自從；與現在完成時連用assoonas-一…就not...until...直到….才…原因狀語從句since；as目的狀語從句sothat讓步狀語從句：though/although/evenif/eventhough,不與but連用條件狀語從句：if,unless,as/solongas方式狀語從句：as（按照），asif/asthoughPartThree倒裝句---NAOSHI原則NAOSHI----N---negativewords【當句首出現否定意義成分，需要進行部分倒裝】否定成分倒裝類型否定詞：never,seldom,searcely,not,nowhere,littleNevershallIforgivehim.「咅B分倒裝］否定短語：(決不)Onnoaccount,bynomeans,innocase,undernocircumstance,innoway,innosenseBynomeanscanyougetmymoney.「部分倒裝］否定句型：)Notunitl)Nosooner.than)Hardly/scarcely...when)notonly....butalso.「從句不倒裝，主句倒裝］)NotuntilTimycamecouldthestudentshavetheclass.)NosoonerhadTimycomethanthestudentsstartedtolaugh.［than此處為從屬連詞，后面連接的是從句)Hardly/ScarcelyhadTimycomewhenthestudentsstartedtolaugh.［when此處為從屬連詞，后面連接的是從句NotonlydidheloveEnglish,butalsosheloveEnglish.?NAOSHI----A（as/though引導的讓步狀語從句）結構1:一adj?/adv?/分詞/名詞（無冠詞"短語+as/though+主語+謂語Although/ThoughIwasverytired,Itriedtohelpthem.=Tiredas/thoughIwas,triedtohelpthem.Thoughsheisagirl,shebehaveslikeaboy.=Girlas/thoughsheis,［此處強調部分為a+n單時；倒裝時不用加a］NAOSHI—o:only+狀語（adv./介詞短語/狀從）+助動詞+主語+動詞（部分倒裝）Onlythendidherealizehismistake.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.OnlywhenyoufinishyourhomeworkcanyouwatchTV.［從句不倒裝，主句倒裝］注意易錯：Onlyyoucangotoschool.【only后不接狀語，不用倒裝。此句only修飾的是主語】NAOSHI—s==so,neitherSodidI.我也是SoIdid.確實如此Ididso.我做過這件事。1.So+助動詞+主語；表示“也…”Neither/Nor+助動詞+主語:表示“也不…”【拓展固定結構】：Soitiswith...表示前面提及的事也適合后者。Mancan'tlivewithoutwaterorair.Soitiswithanimals.人不能離開水和空氣。動物也是如此。NAOSHI—H：Here等引導的地點狀語（方向）、時間狀語，位于句首時，要用完全倒裝。Herecomesthebus.InfrontofyousitsTimy.HearingTimy'shomework,awayfledthestudents.常見標志詞：here,there,now,then,away,off,in,out,up,down等+介詞短語易錯：當主語是人稱代詞的時候，不用完全倒裝Awaytheywent.Awaywentthestudents.Outwenttheman.Outherushed.*NAOSHI—I:if引導的虛擬從句;若省略if,從句要用倒裝結構來表達結構：Were+主語+其他；Had+主語+過去分詞+其他；should+主語+動詞原形+其他=were+主語+todo+其他IfIwereaboy,Iwouldmarryyou.WereIaboy,Iwouldmarryyou.IfIhadknownthis,Iwouldhavetoldyou.HadIknowthis,Iwouldhavetoldyou.heretomorrow,hewouldshowushisnewpictures.A.WerehetocomeB.ShouldhecomeC.HadhecomeD.AandBPartFour時態綜合一般現在時：表示經常，習慣的動作/狀態；真理；名人名言標志詞：often,always,usually,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday考點：真理永一現Ourteachertoldustheearth_goesaroundthesun.(go)時間/條件狀從：主將從現，主祈從現，主情從現Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon'tgotothepark.一般過去時：過去發生的動作或狀態標志詞：yesterday;last...,...ago,in1998,justnow,usedtodo考占.usedtodosth過去常常做beusedtodoingsth習慣于做某事beusedtodosth被用來做某事一般將來時：將要發生/計劃發生的動作標志詞：tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture,in+時間段，in2100,考點：begoingto—主觀判斷據現有跡象判斷將發生will—客觀必然；無跡象Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.Hewillbetwentyyearsold.進行時現在進行時：1)說話時正在發生的動作2)最近一段時間持續進行的動作標志詞：現在此刻看和聽；最近在哪要小心。(now,atthismoment;look;listen;thesedays;whereis.;Becareful!)?過去進行時：1)過去某個時刻的動作2)過去某個時間段持續的動作標志詞