精選優質文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優質文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業專心---專注---專業精選優質文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業發展心理學專業術語表acceleration加速accommodation順應acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome(AIDS)獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征activeengagement積極參與acutemedicalconditions急性疾病adaptation適應adolescence青少年期adolescentgrowthspurt青春期發育突進adolescentrebellion青春期叛逆affordances可用性alleles等位基因altruism利他主義ambivalent(resistant)attachment矛盾型(抗拒型)依戀animism泛靈論anorexianervosa神經性厭食癥anoxia缺氧癥Apgarscale阿普加量表arttherapy藝術療法assimilation同化asthma哮喘attachment依戀attention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder注意力缺陷/多動癥authoritarian專制型authoritative權威型autism自閉癥autobiographicalmemory自傳體記憶autonomyversusshameanddoubt自主對羞愧和懷疑autosomes常染色體avoidantattachment回避型依戀basictrustversusbasicmistrust基本信任對基本不信任BayleyScalesofIfantDevelopment貝雷嬰兒發展量表behaviortherapy行為治療behavioralgenetic行為遺傳學behaviorism行為主義behavioristapproach行為主義的方法bilingual雙語使用者bilingualeducation雙語教學bioecologicaltheory生態學理論birthtrauma產傷bodyimage身體意象braingrowthspurts腦的發育加速期BrazeltonNeonatalBehavioralAssessmentScales布氏新生兒行為評價量表bulimianervosa神經性貪食癥bullying欺負canalization定型化casestudy個案研究celldeath細胞死亡centralexecutive中央執行centralnervoussystem中樞神經系統centration中心化cephalocaudalprinciple頭尾原則cesareandelivery剖腹產child-directedspeech(CDS)兒語化childhooddepression兒童郁抑癥chromosomes染色體chronicmedicalconditions慢性疾病chronosystem時序系統circularreaction循環反應classinclusion類包含classicalconditioning經典條件作用codemixing語碼混用codeswitching語碼轉換cognitivedevelopment認知發展cognitiveneuroscienceapproach認知神經科學的方法cognitiveneuroscience認知神經科學cognitiveperspective認知理論cognitive-stagetheory認知發展階段理論cohort同輩commitment承諾committedcompliance約束性順從componentialelement成分元素conceptualknowledge概念性知識concordant一致concreteoperations具體運算conductdisorder(CD)品行障礙conscience良心conservation守恒constructiveplay建構性游戲contextualelement情境元素contextualperspective情境理論controlgroup控制組conventionalmorality(ormoralityofconventionalroleconformity)習俗道德convergentthinking聚合思維coregulation共同約束corporalpunishment體罰correlationalstudy相關研究creativity創造力crisis危機criticalperiod關鍵期cross-modaltransfer跨通道遷移cross-sectionalstudy橫斷研究culturalbias文化偏見culture文化culture-fair文化公平culture-free不受文化影響culture-relevant文化相關decenter去中心化declarativeknowledge陳述性知識decoding解碼deductivereasoning演繹推理deferredimitation延遲模仿DenverDevelopmentalScreeningTest丹佛發展篩選測驗deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)脫氧核糖核酸dependentvariable因變量depthperception深度知覺differentiation分化“difficult”children“困難型”兒童discipline訓練dishabituation去習慣化disorganized-disorientedattachment無組織-無目標依戀divergentthinking發散思維dizygotictwins雙卵性雙胞胎dominantinheritance顯性遺傳Downsyndrome唐氏綜合征drugtherapy藥物治療dualrepresentationhypothesis雙重表征理論dyslexia難語癥earlyintervention早期干預“easy”children“容易型”兒童ecologicaltheoryofperception生態知覺理論egocentrism自我中心主義elaboration精細加工electronicfetalmonitoring胎心電子監護elicitedimitation誘導模仿embryonicstage胚胎期emergentliteracy早期讀寫能力emotionalmaltreatment情感虐待emotions情緒empathy同理心encoding編碼English-immersion全英語教學enrichment充實enuresis尿床environment環境episodicmemory情景記憶equilibration平衡ethnicgloss種族曲解ethnographicstudy人種志研究ethology習性學evolutionarypsychology進化心理學evolutionary/sociobiologicalperception進化論/社會生物學理論exosystem在外系統experientialelement經驗元素experiment實驗experientalgroup實驗組explicitmemory外顯記憶extendedfamily大家庭externalmemoryaids外部記憶輔助手段familytherapy家庭治療fastmapping快速映射fertilization受精fetalalcoholsyndrome(FAS)胎兒酒精綜合癥fetalstage胎兒期finemotorskills精細動作技能foreclosure同一性早閉formaloperations形式運算functionalplay功能性游戲gatewaydrugs入門毒品gender性別genderconstancy性別恒常性genderidentity性別認同genderroles性別角色genderstereotypes性別刻板影響gender-schematheory性別-圖式理論gender-typing性別原型generalizedanxietydisorder一般性焦慮障礙genericmemory通用記憶genes基因geneticcode遺傳密碼geneticcounseling基因咨詢genotype基因型genotype-environmentcorrelation基因型-環境相關genotype-environmentinteraction基因型-環境交互作用germinalstage胚芽期goodnessoffit吻合度grossmotorskills粗略動作技能guidedparticipation引導性參與habituation習慣化handedness利手hapticperception觸覺感知heredity遺傳heritability遺傳力heterozygous雜合的historicalgeneration特定歷史時代的人holophrase單詞句HomeObservationforMeasurementoftheEnvironment家庭環境觀察測評系統homozygous純合的horizontaldecalage水平滯差hostileaggressive敵意性攻擊humandevelopment發展心理學hypertension高血壓hypotheses假設hypothetical-deductivereasoning假設-演繹推理idealself理想自我identification認同identity同一性identityachievement同一性獲得identitydiffusion同一性擴散identitystatuses同一性狀態identityversusidentityconfusion同一性對同一性混亂imaginaryaudience假象觀眾implicitmemory內隱記憶imprinting印刻incompletedominance不完全顯性independentvariable自變量individualdifferences個體差異individualpsychotherapy個別心理治療inductivereasoning歸納推理inductivetechniques誘導技術industryversusinferiority勤奮對自卑infantmortalityrate嬰兒死亡率information-processingapproach信息加工取向initiativeversusguilt主動對內疚instrumentalaggression工具性攻擊integration整合intelligentbehavior智力行為internalization內化invisibleimitation不可見模仿IQ(intelligencequotient)tests智商測驗irreversibility不可逆性KaufmanAssessmentBatteryforChildren考夫曼兒童成套評估測驗laboratoryObservation實驗室觀察language語言languageacquisitiondevice(LAD)語言習得機制lateralization單側化優勢learningperspective學習理論life-spandevelopment畢生發展linguisticspeech語言式講話literacy讀寫能力longitudinalstudy縱向研究long-termmemory長時記憶lowbirthweight低體重兒macrosystem宏觀系統maturation成熟mechanisticmodel機械論發展模型menarche月經初期mentalretardation精神發育遲滯mesosystem中觀系統metamemory元記憶microsystem微觀系統monozygotictwins單卵性雙胞胎moratorium同一性延緩multifactorialtransmission多因素傳遞mutations突變mutualregulation相互調節myelination髓鞘化nativism先天論naturalchildbirth自然分娩naturalisticobservation自然觀察neglect忽視neonataljaundice新生兒黃疸neonatalperiod新生兒期neonate新生兒neurons神經元niche-picking匹配選擇nonnormative非常態的nonsharedenvironmentaleffects非共享環境影響normative常態的nuclearfamily核心家庭obesity肥胖objectpermanence客體永久性observationallearning觀察學習obsessive-compulsivedisorder(OCD)強迫癥openadoption公開領養operantconditioning操作性條件作用operationaldefinition操作定義oppositionaldefiantdisorder(ODD)對立違抗性障礙organismicmodel有機論發展模型organization組織Otis-LennonSchoolAbilityTest歐提斯-列農學業能力測試overtaggression外顯攻擊participantobservation參與觀察parturition分娩permissive放任型personalfable個人神話phenotype表現型phonetic,orcode-emphasisapproach語音或編碼強調法physicalabuse身體虐待physicaldevelopment生理發展Piagetianapproach皮亞杰理論的方法plasticity可塑性playtherapy游戲療法polygenicinheritance多基因遺傳postconvertionalmorality(ormoralityofautonomousmoralprinciples)后習俗道德postmature胎兒過度成熟powerassertion強制命令pragmatics語用學preconventionalmorality前習俗道德prejudice偏見prelinguisticspeech前語言式講話preoperationalstage前運算階段preparedchildbirth有準備的分娩pretendplay假裝游戲preterm(premature)infants早產兒primarysexcharacteristics第一性征privatespeech自言自語proceduralknowledge程序性知識prosocialbehavior親社會行為protectivefactors保護因素proximodistalprinciple遠近原則psychoanalyticperspective精神分析理論psychologicalaggression心理攻擊psychometricapproach心理測量的方法psychosexualdevelopment性心理發展psychosocialdevelopment心理社會發展puberty青春期punishment懲罰qualitativechange質變qualitativeresearch定性研究quantitativechange量變quantitativeresearch定量研究reactionrange反應范圍realself真實自我recall回憶recessiveinheritance隱性遺傳recognition再認reflexbehaviors反射行為rehearsal復述reinforcement強化relationalaggression關系攻擊representationalability表征能力representationalmappings表征映射representationalsystems表征系統resilientchildren韌性兒童retrieval提取riskfactors風險因素rough-and-tumbleplay追逐打鬧游戲sample樣本scaffolding腳手架schemes圖式schizophrenia精神分裂癥schoolphobia學校恐懼癥scientificmethod科學方法script腳本secondarysexcharacteristics第二性征seculartrend長勢趨勢secureattachment安全依戀型self-awareness自我意識self-consciousemotions自我意識情緒self-definition自我定義self-efficacy自我效能感self-esteem自尊self-evaluativeemotions自我評價情緒self-regulation自我調節sensitiveperiods敏感期sensorimotorstage感知運動階段sensorymemory感覺記憶separationanxiety分離焦慮separationanxietydisorder分離焦慮障礙sequentialstudy序列研究seriation排序sexchromosomes性染色體sex-linked-inheritance伴性遺傳sexualabuse性虐待sexualorientation性取向sexuallytransmitteddiseases(STDs)性傳播疾病singlerepresentations單一表征situationalcompliance情境性順從“slow-to-warm-up”children“慢熱型”兒童small-for-date(small-for-gestationalage)infants小于胎齡兒socialcapital社會資本socialcognition社會認知socialcognitivetheory社會認知理論socialconstruction社會建構socialinteractionmodel社會互動模型sociallearningtheory社會學習理論socialphobia社交恐懼癥socialpromotion社會促動socialreferencing社會參照social-contextualapproach社會情境的方法socialization社會化socioculturaltheory社會文化理論socioeconomicstatus(SES)社會經濟地位spermarche初精spontaneousabortion自發性流產Stanford-BinetIntelligenceScale斯坦福-比奈智力量表stateofarousal覺