閱讀詞匯\句型\閱讀技詞匯:基礎詞匯+考試詞匯Employ雇傭,使Industry工業,行業Industrial工業的Industrious勤奮的***Industrialize工業化Advance提高Advantage**優勢Disadvantage劣Takeadvantageof利用,使Maintain維持,維Maintaintheseniors贍養老人PreserveReserve預定,預Conserve保護,保Deserve值Inter-相互的,交叉的Intervene,干擾Interact互動,相互影響Cost成本,v.花費,以,,為代-costlyadj.成本高的,花費大*sthcostsb/Thesuccesscostshislife.Thesuccesscostshimself.*Sbspendtime/moneyngsthSimilar–similarityIDIdentity 識別, 辨別, 確認(身Promisev./n.承諾;可能Promisingadj.有希望Sensev./n.感覺;感Makesenseof感Itisnosense ngsth做..是沒有Makesense有意義Makenosense沒有意義Non-sense沒有意義的Non-在過去許多年,傾向于認為確保核安全的核技術和必要的知識已經發展到一定水平,在這個水平之上發生重大核事故的可能性是幾乎不存在,即便確實發生了,也能被掌控在有能力的核中(也能為有能力的核所掌控)Too…to…太…而不能IamtoooldtolearnIamtoo tomeethim.我急于見到的ItisnevertoooldtolearnNot/nevertoo…todosth做某越…越好;做某事再,,,也不為So…that…如此…以至于Therearealotofcollegestudentstakepart-timejobsnowadays.Therearealotofcollegestudents Therearealotofcollegestudentswhotakepart-timejobsnowadays.Therearealotofcollegestudentstakingpart-timejobsnowadays.英語基本句從結構上講簡單句;并列句;復合簡單句:只有一個謂并列句:兩個或多個謂語動詞用and/but/ratherthan/aswellas/or復合句:主句+引導詞+從aslongas只非謂語動一山只能并列非謂Theboyboughta主語+謂語+賓語:分別把主謂賓變長;主語和賓語一般都是名詞充當,所以就是給做主語和賓語的名詞添加定語成分;謂語一般都是動詞充當的,所以就是給做謂語的動詞添加狀語成分,這樣句子就變長Theboyboughta interestingbook.Thesmartboystandingundertreeatthegateoftheuniversitywhichhasahistoryof100yearsboughtaninterestingbookwrittenbyTomwhosefatherisapianistholdaconcertThesmartboystandingunderthetreeatthegateoftheuniversitywhichhashistoryof100 anbookwrittenbyTomwhosefatherisapianisttoholdaconcerttomorrow,becausetheteachersuggestshimtobuyitatthisstorebeforenextweek.短語或句子修飾名詞放在名詞的小結:名詞+從句/todo/ng/done/介詞短語/沒有be的形容詞,這些都是修飾名詞的,在英譯漢和閱讀中就翻譯為“…的…”;在漢譯英和寫作中可以用來翻譯“的”字結Onlytodo表示結語,&&&,”&&&如何分析長難句根本原則:找主干(主語+謂語+賓語找謂語:利用一山只能一謂動,去掉并列去掉非謂語去掉從句,剩下的就是謂語,一般會保留并列找主語:把謂語前的名詞的定語修找賓語:把謂語后的名詞的定語修Thesmart (standingunder tree)(atthegateoftheuniversity) aninterestingbook(writtenbyTom)(whosefatherisapianist)(toholdaconcerttomorrow),becausetheteachersuggestshimtobuyitatthisstorebeforenextweek.英譯漢時,如果修飾特別長,可以單獨成句翻譯,但是要把修飾語前的名Overtheyears,wetendtothinkthatnucleartechnologiesandthenecessaryknow-howtoensurenuclearsafetyhavebeendevelopedtoalevelthatpossibilitiesforanymajornuclearaccidentsarealmostnon-existentandifitdoeshappen,itwillbecontrolledinthecapablehandsofnuclearengineers.nucleartechnologiesandthenecessaryknow-how(toensurenuclearsafety)havebeendevelopedtoalevelpossibilitiesforanymajornuclearaccidentsarealmostnon-existentandifitdoeshappen,itwillbecontrolledinthecapablehandsofnuclearengineers.possibilities(foranymajornuclearaccidents)arealmostnon-existentandifitdoeshappen,itwillbecontrolledinthecapablehands(ofnuclearOvertheyears,wetendtothinkthatnucleartechnologiesandthenecessaryknow-how(toensurenuclearsafety)havebeendevelopedtoalevel[thatpossibilities(foranymajornuclearaccidents)arealmostnon-existentandifitdoeshappen,itwillbecontrolledinthecapablehands(ofnuclearengineers).Paln.朋 pen-pal筆Prince-主要的,重要Prince王子Princess公主PrinciplePrincipal校長,adj,主要“動詞+ed”后面by前面沒be,是過ThoseThedeathpenaltyPenaltypunishment懲罰Have/getaccessto接近,利用,使Judgment判Judgev,判斷,審Advancev.前進;提出Advancedadj,高級的,先進的Inadvance提前(Wearenowinanagewherethepubliccanhaveaccesstotheinformationenablesittomakeitsownand(mostpeople,whohadseentheofbeating,couldnot meninvolved).并列結并列詞:and/but/or/ratherthan/aswellas并列結構:前后形式一致,意義相近并列的層Iandheboughtbooksand novelsandfictions.如何找到誰和誰并列?利用前后形式一致,and后面,后面什么形式,前如何判斷并列結構的功能?and的前面,前面做什么成分,后面就做什并列結構的翻譯:要把并列結構前的詞重復一下(61這個經歷讓他許多人有比他們所認為的的能力,同時也讓他缺少成功經常是缺少(應用一個人的能力的)知識的結果,是缺少信生態系統就是一群(特定區域而且彼此相互影響同時還與自然環境相互影生態系統就是一群動物和植物,這些動植物特定區域而且彼此相互影響同時還與自然環境相互影響的.That引導詞;代找并列結找謂找主語和賓Afriendlynodorawave(ofacknowledgement)(inresponsetoanofpoliteness)helpstocreateanatmosphere(ofgoodwillandtolerance)(sonecessaryinmoderntraffic如何判斷名看后綴: er/or/ee;ist;ianA/an/the名介詞+名詞 Edwarddecidedtowritehislatestbook,inwhichhetransformsthethinkingskills(that)hedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare從句引導詞只有三個可以省略That引導賓語從That/which/whom引導的句子放在名詞的后面(定語從句),而且是在從句中Iknow(that)hewillThisisthebook(that/which)IboughtThisisthebookthat/whichgivesmealotofideas 哪些動詞形式肯定是謂語:動詞;動詞+s;be;can/may/will/should等+動詞;have/has/haddone;do/does/didnot+動詞哪些動詞形式肯定是非謂語:tong;哪些動詞形式要:動詞+ed有可能是過去式(謂語),有可能是過去分詞(非謂語),判斷標準1就是看是否有其它謂語;判斷標準2就是后面by前面沒be,就是過去分詞Theteacherfollowedthestudentsandcameintotheclass.Theteacher( paniedwithagroupofstudents)cameintotheclass.否定又表示否定的詞綴:im-/in-/dis-/Impossible/incapable/dislikeunimportant/useless:few/little/hardly;rarely;scarcely表示全部否定的詞有no/never/nothing/nobody/noone/noneof/否定 =Ican’tagreewithyouIagreewithyoumost非常同Ineverfeelbetternow.感覺很=IfeelbestIdon’tcareitmore.非常在=IcareitIdon’tcareitless一點也不在=Icareit雙重否定:表示肯定;表示強調(一定要結合語境ItisnotgoodnottosendaMeritn,好處,優It是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的todo或者從句,翻譯“做,,,Itisadj/n.forsbtodosthItis+adj./n.+從句Investigatev.InwardoutwardDownward-upwardForward-backwardReward***回Awkward笨拙Usedtodo過去常常做某事(現在Drivev,開車,駕駛;驅使,驅InotherwordsWithnorewardexceptRepresentv.代表 代表 代表(人否定轉Notdosthbecause…因為…沒有做…;做…事不是….. because做事不Gather,收集;Gathersth/收集Antslikeacttogether.TheantisnotgatheringthisfooditselfMostantsareservingforthequeen.Theantisnotgatheringthisfoodforitselfalone.WhetherAor或者A或者B賓語從句\主語從句AB(狀語從句Idon’tknowwhetheritistrueWhetheritistrueorfalse,Iwillnotbelieveit.在并列結構中,相同的成分可以省IaskedIristogo,andhertoA解釋為Differentiate找到差異,區別區AttheKyotoconference(onglobalwarming)inDecember1997,itbecameabundantly(非常clearhowcomplexithasbecametoworkoutinternationalagreements(relatingtothebecauseofeconomicconcernstoeach eadj./n.to eadj./n從EconomyEconomicadj,經濟的(和經濟有關的)Economicaladj,經濟的,的Theeconomicconcerns(uniquetoeachTheeconomicconcerns(whichisuniquetoeachcountry)一詞多長難句和特殊句 寫 -Describev.描述,描寫Prescribev.開處方Transcribev,轉寫,轉錄,Manuscript手Over-在..上面;過度,過Overviewv.瀏Overload超載