課時分層作業（五）.閱讀理解A（2021?河d匕省九本交聯考）Summeristhattimeofthisyearwheneveryonelongstoescapefromtheboringactivitiesoflife.Sobringyourkidstojoinustohavefuninthesummercamp.OutdoorWordGameAllyouneedtodoissetupmanyhugelettersthatcanbeeasilymoved.Theseletterswillhelpkidsspelloutcertainwords.Teenagerswouldalsolovesomethinglikethisasitgivesthemtheopportunitytoinvesttheirtimeinlearningnewwords.SprayPaintingTobringoutthecreativityinaperson,anactivitycenteredonspraypaintingistheperfectwaytogetthosecreativejuicesflowing.AllyouneedtodoisprovideplainwhiteT-shirtsandsomecansofcoloredspraypaint.Itwillbequitesurprisingtoseesomeoftheoriginalideasthatwillflowfromindividuals.OutdoorTwisterApersonwillbeinchargeofmonitoringthegameandwillcalloutcolorswhichcanbeplacedoutdoors.Participantshavethetaskofplacingeithertheirhandsorlegsonthesamecolor.Afunandexcitinggamefocusesonhand-eyecoordination（協調）.TheMaze（迷宮）Oneofthemostfungamesisthehallwaymazegamewhereamazeisconstructedfromeithertoiletpaperorstringsofpaper.Thechosenparticipantisthenaskedtomakehiswaythroughthemazewithinalimitedtimewithouttouchingpaper.Thisisoneofthebestandentertainingsummercampideasforbothkidsandadults.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾項富有特色的夏令營活動，包括戶外單詞游戲、噴繪、迷宮等。Whichgameisofbenefittochildreninlearningnewwordsaccordingtothepassage?A.TheMaze.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了目標實現的要求和方法。D［考查上下文銜接。空前一句說明了目標實現的要求，D項介紹了目標實現的進一步要求，D項中的it指代上句中的“Goalachievement",所以選D項。］E［考查上下文銜接。空前一句提到其他人能以恰當的方式認識到你自己通常不能認識到的長處，E項“聽他們是怎么說你的長處和缺乏的”銜接上文，符合語境。］G［考查上下文銜接。根據空后一句中的“beinganartistoranovelist”并結合空前一句的例子“ifyouaregoodatdrawing,thinkaboutcareersinvisualdesign"可推知，空處應列舉了如果在寫作方面有優勢的話可以怎么做，所以選G項。］B［考查段落小標題。結合空處所在位置和文章結構可知，空處為段落小標題。結合本段內容可知，本段主要講到目標實現過程中的障礙，故B項“找出可能影響你的目標的障礙”適合作本段小標題。］F［考查上下文銜接。根據本段小標題可知，本段內容與自信有關，F項說明了自信的重要性，所以選F項。］SprayPainting.OutdoorTwister.OutdoorWordGame.D［細節理解題。根據題干關鍵詞learningnewwords定位至第二段中的t€Theseletterswillhelpkidsspelloutcertainwords...learningnewwords."，據“匕可知，戶外單詞游戲有助于孩子學習新單詞，故D項正確。］Whatmaybethepurposeoftheactivity“SprayPainting”?Itmayimprovekids'hand-eyecoordination.Itmaybringlotsoffuntokids.Itmayimprovekids*creativeability.Itmayincreaseindividuals'originalideas.C［細節理解題。根據題干關鍵詞purpose和SprayPainting定位至第三段第一句“Tobringoutthecreativityinaperson,anactivitycenteredonspraypaintingistheperfectwaytogetthosecreativejuicesflowing.據此可知，噴繪活動的目的是激發孩子的創造力，故C項正確。］WhatistheruleofTheMazegame?Participantsmustbeteenagersorkidsonly.Participantsmustdothegameoutdoors.Participantsmustusetheirhandsorlegs.Participantsmustavoidtouchingtheconstruction.D［細節理解題。根據題干關鍵詞theruleofTheMazegame定位至尾段第二句"Thechosenparticipantisthenaskedtomakehiswaythroughthemazewithinalimitedtimewithouttouchingpaper.據此可知,迷宮游戲的規那么是參與者被要求在限定的時間內穿過迷宮，不觸摸紙。故D項正確。］B(2021?武漢市質"S"檢測)A15-year-oldColoradohighschoolstudentandyoungscientistwhohasusedartificialintelligence(AI)andcreatedappstoaddresspolluteddrinkingwaterandothersocialproblemshasbeennamedTimemagazine,sfirst-ever“KidoftheYear”.RaotoldTheAssociatedPressinaninterviewfromherhomethattheprizeis“nothingthatIcouldhaveeverimagined.AndI'msogratefulandjustsoexcitedthatwe'rereallytakingalookattheupcominggenerationandourgeneration,sincethefutureisinourhands.”TimesaidRaostoodoutforcreatingaglobalcommunityofyounginnovatorsandinspiringthemtopursuetheirgoals.Raoinsistedthatstartingoutsmalldocsn'tmatter,aslongasyourepassionateaboutit.ShetoldTimecontributingeditorAngelinaJolieinaninterviewthathersciencepursuitsstartedearlyasawaytoimprovesocialconditions.ThedrinkingwatercrisisinFlint,Michigan,inspiredhertodevelopawaytodetectpollutantsandsendthoseresultstoamobilephone,shesaid.“Iwaslike1()whenItoldmyparentsthatIwantedtoresearchcarbonnanotube(納米管)sensortechnologyattheDenverWaterqualityresearchlab,andmymumwaslike,'Awhat?'"RaotoldJolie.Shesaidthatwork“isgoingtobeinourgeneration?shandsprettysoon.Soifnooneelseisgonnadoit,I'mgonnadoIt.Inaworldwherescienceisincreasinglyquestionedorchallenged,Raoinsistedthatitspursuitisanactofkindness,thebestwaythatayoungergenerationcanbettertheworld.“Wehavescienceineverythingwe'reinvolvedin,andIthinkthat,sthebiggestthingtoputoutthere,thatscienceiscool,innovatingiscool,andanybodycanbeaninnovator,Raosaid.uAnybodycandoscience.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一名15歲的科羅拉多州高中生Rao利用人工智能開發出應用程序來解決一些社會問題的故事。WhatdidRaothinkoftheawardshereceived?Itwasamarkofsocialprogress.Itwasarecognitionofherwork.Itwasaninspirationtotheyouth.Itwasatitlebeyondherexpectations.D［細節理解題。根據文章第二段中的“nothingthatIcouldhaveeverimagined”可知，Rao認為這個獎項是她無法想象的東西，顯然Rao認為這個獎項出乎她的意料(beyondherexpectations)。故正確答案為D。］WhywouldRaostarttopursuescience?Toencouragepeopletoaimhigh.Topursueherpassionforresearch.Tochangethesocietyforthebetter.Tostopsciencefrombeingquestioned.C［細節理解題。根據文章第四段中的"ShetoldTimecontributingeditorAngelinaJolieinaninterviewthathersciencepursuitsstartedearlyasawaytoimprovesocialconditions.”可知，Rao在接受《時代》雜志撰稿編輯AngelinaJolie采訪時說，她早期的科學追求就是為了改善社會狀況。顯然Rao的目的是“讓社會變得更好”。選項C中的"changethesocietyforthebetter”和文章中的improvesocialconditions表達的意思一致。故正確答案為C。1WhichwordcanbestdescribeRao?A.Cool.B.Kind.C.Independent.D.Creative.D［推理判斷題。根據題干“用哪個詞可以最好地描述Rao”可知，顯然我們要用具體事實來推斷出Rao的性格。根據文章第一段中的''createdappstoaddresspolluteddrinkingwaterandothersocialproblems”以及最后一段中的“thatscienceiscool,innovatingiscool,andanybodycanbeaninnovator可以推斷出，Rao是一個有創造力的孩子，故正確答案為D。］What'sthepurposeofthetext?Toreportayounggenius.Tointroducenewinventions.Toimprovesocialconditions.Topresentartificialintelligence.A［寫作意圖題。根據文章內容可知，文章主要講述了一名15歲的科羅拉多州高中生Rao用人工智能開發出應用程序來解決一些社會問題，她被《時代》雜志評為有史以來首位“年度兒童二故A項"報道一位年輕的天才"正確。］(2021?嘉興市教學測試)Oneofthecostsofbeingaloverofoldtreesistheall-too-frequentlossofabeautifulsoulyou'vegrownfondof.Lastsummerwasharderthanmostforoldtreesandtheirhumansupporters.Thespring5snon-stoprainfloodedsoilsandcausedrootsystemsofmanylarge,oldtreestorotinpart.Then,whenthesummercame,treescouldnottapdeepsourcesofwaterthatwouldnormallyhavemaintained（維持）them.Manyvaluableoldtreesdied.WhenIvolunteeredfortheMountRainierTreeCommission,Iheardfrommanypeopleconcernedabouttheirtrees.Wehadlittletoofferthem.That，sbecausepublicandprivateurbantreeresourcesandprogramswereaimedalmostentirelyatplantingtreesbutnotalmaintainingtrees.NostateorprovinceprogramthatIcouldfindprovidedanyfinancialresourcesformaintainingtreehealth.Smallandunder-resourcedcitiessuchasourswereontheirown.Thisisbackward.Scientistsarelearningthatlarge,oldtreesarethemostvaluable,especiallyincities.Theyputonwoodfastestandtakethemostcarbonoutoftheair.Theyharborthemostwildlife.Theycanlowersummertemperaturesby20degreesormore.Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthatBostonwouldgetmorebenefitfromkeepingthetreesithasalivethanfromplantingnewtrees.There*sreasontothinkthisfindingwouldapplyinothercities,too.Now,ourpublicandprivatetreeprogramsoftenignoreoldtreesuntilitistoolate.Aslongasweabandonouroldtrees,plantingmoreismerelytokeeppacewithgrowinglosses.Wcwanttreestohelpprotectus,butwcleavethemunprotected.Considerthisinthehumanworld:Nobodywouldsendababyintotheworldandexpectittojustmakeit.Childrenneedcaringforanditswhywehaveschoolsandchildhealth-insuranceprograms.Wecouldgetsomuchmoreoutofourtreesifwejustputalittlemoreintothem.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了老樹給我們帶來的很多好處。Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph1suggest?Strongdeterminationtoplanttrees.Realregretatgrowingoldtrees.Greatconcernabouttreeproblems.Deeploveforvaluableoldtrees.D［推理判斷題。畫線局部的上文說的是“成為老樹愛好者的代價之一就是經常失去……”，畫線局部的字面意思是“一個你喜愛的美麗靈魂”，又結合第一段最后一句"Manyvaluableoldtreesdied”即可推斷，美麗的靈魂說的就是珍貴的老樹，因此畫線局部說的是對珍貴的老樹的熱愛，故D項正確。］Whywastheauthoralmostpowerlesstohelppeopleworriedabouttheirtrees?Theurbantreeprogramswerefacedwithfinancialproblems.Theauthor*sknowledgeofmaintainingtreehealthwaslimited.Thefocusofthetreeresourcesandprogramswasontreeplanting.Theorganizationtheauthorvolunteeredforwasshortoftreeexperts.C［細節理解題。根據題干中的“worriedabout”定位到第二段中的“Iheardfrommanypeopleconcernedabouttheirtrees”，根據該處的后兩句可知，作者幾乎無能為力的原因是“公共和私人城市樹木資源和工程幾乎完全是為了種樹，而不是維護樹木”，故C項正確。］Theauthorarguesinparagraph3paringdifferentcasespresentingresearchfindingsreferringtoscientists，sayingscarryingoutsomeexperimentsB［推理判斷題。通讀第三段可知，本段主要通過呈現研究發現說明了老樹帶給我們的好處，文中“Scientistsarelearningthat''和"Inarecentstudy,researchersfoundthat”是提示，故B項正確。］Whydoestheauthorgivetheexampleofnursingbabiesintheend?Tostresstheimportanceoftreeinsuranceprograms.Toshowthecloseconnectionbetweentreesandbabies.Toadvocateprotectingtreesashumanscareforbabies.Topersuadehumanbeingstopaymoreattentiontobabies.C［推理判斷題。作者在最后一段提到我們想要樹木保護我們，但我們卻不保護它們，緊接著作者打了一個比方：人們生下嬰兒后不可能對其不管不顧就期望嬰兒能成功，孩子需要照料，我們就有了學校和兒童健康保險工程，由此可推知，作者提到照料嬰兒是為了提倡人們要像照顧嬰兒那樣保護樹木，故C項正確。］D（2021?石家莊市質量檢測）Theterm"birdbrain,,isfrequentlyusedtodescribeaperson?slackofintelligenceandgooddecision-makingability.However,somescientistsbelieveitshouldbeconsideredpraise,giventhatmanybirdscanperformhumantaskslikeproducingandusingtools,solvingproblems,andplanningforfutureneeds.Now,Griffin,anAfricangreyparrot,hasprovedthatbirdsmayevenpossessbettervisualmemoriesthanhumanadultsandchildren.Thestudy,ledbyHragPailian,aresearcheratHarvardUniversity,hadtheparrotcompeteinthegameagainstIwenty-oneundergraduatestudentsandtwenty-one6-8-year-oldchildren.Thepopularchallengeinvolveshidingasmallobjectunderoneofthreeormoreupturnedcups,whicharemovedaround.Participantsarerequiredtoaccuratelyidentifythecupunderwhichtheobjectlies.Tomakethetaskmorechallenging,theresearchersrequiredparticipantstotracktwo,three,andfourobjectsatthesametime.AnanalysisoftheresultsshowedthatGriffinoutperformedthe6-8-year-oldsacrossalllevelsonaverage.Evenmoreimpressive,the“birdbrain”performedaswellas,orslightlybetterthanthe21Harvardstudentson12ofthe14trials!Itwasonlyinthefinaltwotests,whichhadthemostobjectsandmostmovements,thattheparrotfellbehindtheadults.However,Griffin，sperformancewasneverbelowthatofthechildren.Griffinwasthecandidateofchoicebecausethescientistsneededananimalthathadbrainfunctionalitysimilartothatofhumans."Thefactthatthesmartparrotlovestoshowoffitsbrainpowerinexchangeforafewcashews（腰果）didnothurteither,saidIrenePepperberg,aHarvardlecturer,whohastrainedGriffinandseveralotherAfricangreyparrots,hasbeenstudyingthespeciesforoverfourdecadesandisconsideredapioneerinthestudyofbirdintelligence.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出鳥類可能擁有比兒童和成年人更好的視覺記憶。Whatweretheparticipantsrequiredtodointhestudy?Identifydifferentkindsofobjects.Tellwherethehiddenobjectlies.Trackotherparticipants,performance.Moveupturnedcupsaround.B［細節理解題。根據第二段第三句"Participantsarerequiredtoaccuratelyidentifythecupunderwhichtheobjectlies.“可知，B項正確。］Whatdidtheresultsofthestudyindicate?6-8-year-oldsdidbetterthanGriffin.Parrotshaveabettermemorythanotherbirds.Harvardstudentshaveabettervisualmemory.GriffinoutsmartedHarvardstudentsinsometrials.D［細節理解題。根據第三段笫二句可知，在14次測試中有12次，鸚鵡都表現得像21名哈佛學生一樣好，或者說鸚鵡表現得更好一點，應選D。］WhywasGriffinchosenfortheexperiment?Itwasgoodatmakingdecisions.Itwasspeciallytrainedforexperiments.Ithadbrainfunctionssimilartohumanbeings'.Itlovedtoshowoffitslanguagepowerforsometreats.C［細節理解題。根據第四段第一句"Griffinwasthecandidateofchoicebecausethescientistsneededananimalthathadbrainfunctionalitysimilartothatofhumans.“可知，C項正確。］Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?“Birdbrain”becomesatermforastupidpersonAHarvardlecturerleadsthewayinbirdintelligencestudyAparrotoutsmartedHarvardstudentsinthevisualmemorytestResearchersmadenewdiscoveriesabouthumanintelligenceC［標題歸納題。本文主要介紹了一項研究發現，即鳥類甚至可能擁有比成年人和兒童更好的視覺記憶，在視覺記憶測試中，一只鸚鵡甚至勝過了哈佛學生，應選C。］II.閱讀七選五（2021?重慶市七校聯考）Toachievesomethinginlife,youwillneedtoidentifyimportantlifegoalsandcreateaplanofaction.Goalachievementinvolvesclarityofpurpose,continueddetermination,andarewardsystemthatkeepsyouonyourintendedpath.1Clarifyyourlifegoals.Youmaybeenthusiasticaboutobtaininganadvanceddegree,startingafamily,creatingasuccessfulbusinessorwritingabook.Askyourselfwhatreallymakesyouhappyandtrytofollowyourhappiness.Rec