1、ClinicalPharmacy臨床藥學英文版ClinicalPharmacy臨床藥學英文版ClinicalPharmacy臨床藥學英文版 Clinical Pharmacy Clinical pharmacy is defined as that area of pharmacy concerned with the science and practice of rational medication use.ClinicalPharmacy臨床藥學英文版Clinica Clinical Pharmacy Clinical pharmacy is defined as that area

2、of pharmacy concerned with the science and practice of rational medication use. Clinical Pharmacy Clinical PharmacyClinical Pharmacy includes all the services performed by pharmacists practising in hospitals, community pharmacies, nursing homes, home-based care services, clinics and any other settin

3、g where medicines are prescribed and used. Clinical PharmacyClinical PharHow does clinical pharmacy differ from pharmacy?The discipline of pharmacy embraces the knowledge on synthesis, chemistry and preparation of drugsClinical pharmacy is more oriented to the analysis of population needs with regar

4、ds to medicines, ways of administration, patterns of use and drugs effects on the patients. The focus of attention moves from the drug to the single patient or population receiving drugs. How does clinical pharmacy difGoalto promote the correct and appropriate use of medicinal products and devices.T

5、hese activities aim at: maximising the clinical effect of medicinesminimising the risk of treatment-induced adverse eventsminimising the expenditures for pharmacological treatments. Goalto promote the correct andAction of Clinical PharmacistClinical pharmacy activities may influence the correct use

6、of medicines at three different levels: before, during and after the treatment.Medical TeamAction of Clinical PharmacistActivities of Clinical PharmacistsConsulting Analysing therapies, advising health care practitioners on the correctness of drug therapy and providing pharmaceutical care to patient

7、s both at hospital and at community level.Selection of drugs Defining drug formularies or limited lists of drugs in collaboration with hospital doctors, general practitioners and decision makers. Drug information Seeking information and critically evaluating scientific literature; organising informa

8、tion services for both doctors and the patients. Activities of Clinical PharmacActivities of Clinical Pharmacists Drug use studies and research Drug use studies/ pharmacoepidemiology/ outcome research/ pharmacovigilance and vigilance in medicinal devices: collecting data on drug therapies, their cos

9、ts and patient outcome through structured and scientific methods.Pharmacokinetics/ therapeutic drug monitoring Studying the kinetics of drugs and optimising the dosage. The clinical pharmacist monitors, detects and prevents Medication related problems. Activities of Clinical PharmacMedication-relate

10、d ProblemsUntreated indications. Improper drug selection. Subtherapeutic dosage. Medication Failure to receive Medication Overdosage. Adverse drug reactions. Drug interactions. Medication use without indication.Medication-related ProblemsUntActivities of Clinical PharmacistsClinical Trials Planning,

11、 evaluating and participating in clinical trialsPharmacoeconomy Using the results of clinical trials and outcome studies to determine cost- effectiveness evaluations.Teaching & Training Pre- and post-graduate teaching and activities to provide training and education programmes for pharmacists and ot

12、her health care practitionersActivities of Clinical PharmacClinical Pharmacy RequirementsKnowledge of nondrug therapyTherapeutic planningskillsDrug Information SkillsPhysical assessment skillsPatient monitoring skillsCommunication skillsKnowledge of laboratory and diagnostic skillsKnowledge of the diseaseKnowledge of drug therapyPatient careClinical Pharmacy RequirementsEducationRequires about 8 years of schoolingMassachusetts College of Pharmacy & Health ScienceEducationRequires about 8 yearSalaryAverage: $130,000/yearSalaryAverage: $130,000/yearOutlook25%Incre