1、動詞不定式1動詞不定式1一、結構: (not) to do 二、 時態與語態主動語態被動語態一般式進行式完成式完成進行式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing-2一、結構: (not) to do 主動語態被動語態一般式進1). We hope to visit Beijing soon. 2). The workers pretended to be working hard when the boss came in.3). Im sorry to have giv

2、en you so much trouble.4). Were happy to have been working with you.兩個動作或狀態幾乎同時 / 在謂語之后發生動作同時發生。動作發生在謂語動作之前謂語動作發生之前,不定式動作一直在進行而且可能繼續1. 時態31). We hope to visit Beijing s2. 語態1) 一般被動式:He likes to be praised.to be done2) 完成被動式:He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party.to have been done4

3、2. 語態to be done2) 完成被動式:to hav1. He tried _ (overcome) the difficulties.2. I was one of the five _ (choose).3. He pretended _ (read) when the teacher came in.4. She is proud _ (break) a record.5. He is happy _ (praise) by the teacher.to overcometo be chosento be readingto have brokento have been pra

4、ised51. He tried _ (ove1. 作主語2. 作賓語3. 作賓語補足語4. 作定語5. 作狀語6. 作表語7. 與疑問詞等連用61. 作主語2. 作賓語3. 作賓語補足語4. 作定語5. 1. 主語To see is to believe.Its important to learn.不定式作主語時,往往放在謂語之后,用it作形式主語.2. 表語My job to protect the world.Your task to clean the classroom.isis71. 主語isis73. 賓語I want to go home.He likes to play b

5、asketball. I found it necessary to talk to him again.句型：think / consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 不定式也常以it為形式賓語83. 賓語句型：think / consider/ find常接to do作賓語的動詞有：agree, appear, ask, attempt；choose, claim (宣布)；dare (敢于), decide, demand, determine；expect, fail, get, guarantee；hate, hope, hurry；intend(意圖,打算),

6、 learn, manage, offer;plan, prepare, pretend (假裝), promise；refuse, seem, tend, threaten, try；want, wish 等。9常接to do作賓語的動詞有：94. 賓補 引導不定式作賓補的動詞：The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.五看watch seelook atobservenoticefeel三使letmakehavelisten to hear二聽一感覺 warn, tell, a

7、llow, help, ask, force等+sb. do （省略to）+sb. to do104. 賓補五看watch 三使let二聽一感覺 warn, I made him do his work. He was made to do his work (by me).變成被動，被省略的to 要還原。11I made him do his work. 11I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。 He is always the first to come.他總是第一個來。 We all have a chance to go to college.我們都

8、有上大學的機會。Ladies and gentlemen ,I have something important to tell you .5. 定語 (常常表示將來的動作)不定式作定語時，應放在被修飾詞的后面，而且放在其他后置定語之后。12I have a lot of work to do.5. 2. 當名詞被the first ,the last, the only 等詞以及形容詞最高級修飾時 eg: She is always the first to come and the last to leave. The last one to leave the classroom sho

9、uld turn off the light. 3.也可用在have to do和there be句型中。 There is no one to take care of her. I have no jewelry to wear.132. 當名詞被the first ,the last, th4. 如果不定式是不及物動詞,則后面需適當的介詞 Please pass me some paper to write_. She has a nice pen to write _. He bought a flat for the family to live _.onwithin144. 如果不

10、定式是不及物動詞,則后面需適當的介詞onwitheg: He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.6. 作狀語1. 表示目的: to / in order to / so as to15eg: He spoke loudly (so as / 2. 表示原因 不定式可以用在作表語的形容詞后作狀語, sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel, disappointed等。eg: Im glad/plea

11、sed to see you. We were surprised to hear the news.162. 表示原因eg: Im glad/pleased t3.結果狀語: so + adj. / adv. + as to do such + adj. + n. +as to do adj. / adv.+ enough + to do too + adv. / adj. +to do We hurried to the station only to find the train had left. He was so foolish as to believe it. = He was

12、 such a fool as to believe it. = He was foolish enough to believe it. Im too tired to walk any further tonight.173.結果狀語: We hurried to the st7.獨立結構to be frank, to be honest, to tell (you) the truthTo tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment.187.獨立結構to be frank, To tell the8. 不定式與疑問詞who,which, wh

13、en, how, what等連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當主語、表語、賓語等。He didnt know what to say.他不知道說什么。(賓語) How to solve the problem is very important.如何解決這個問題很重要。(主語) My question is when to start.我的問題是什么時候開始。(表語)注意：用于why或why not開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動詞不定式不帶to。Why not have a rest?198. 不定式與疑問詞who,which, when, how9. 不定式的省略1) 不定式中的動詞上文已出現

14、過,下文要省略該動詞. Would you like to go with me? Id like to.2) 不定式是to be 結構, be 不可省. Would you like to be a teacher?Id like to be.209. 不定式的省略20固定句型:had better/had best + (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事Why (not) do sth.?prefer to doprefer + n./doing A + to + n./doing Bprefer to do A rather than (to) do Bwould rather

15、 (not) do sth.would rather do A than (do) Bwould rather + 句子（過去式） （虛擬語氣）要做21固定句型:had better/had best + (no重點!1. 動詞后面跟動名詞還是不定式,含義不相同,總的來說,表示習慣的, 一般性的動作多跟動名詞,一次性的具體的被動動作多跟不定式。 I like to go with you. 我想和你一塊兒去。I like reading. 我喜歡閱讀。 He promised to help her. 他答應過要幫助她。We love watching VCD. 我們喜歡看VCD。 22重點!

16、1. 動詞后面跟動名詞還是不定式,含義不相同,總的來說2. remember, forget, regret + doing 表示已經做了 + to do表示還沒做I remember meeting him in the street.我記得在街上見過他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents.我想起來要給我父母親寫信。3. stop doing表示停止正在做的動作stop to do表示停下來去做Stop smoking, please. 請不要抽煙 。 Lets stop to have a rest.咱們停下來休息一下吧。 232. re

17、member, forget, regret + 4. mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味著 I meant to catch up with the early bus. This means wasting a lot of money.5. try to do 設法盡力做某事 try doing 試著做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcomings. Try working out the physics problem in another way.244. mean to do 打算做某事24Marty say

18、sHave A L k1.Unfortunately, the doctors dont know know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.2. I used to climb trees, swim and play football.3. Then I started to get weaker and weaker.25Marty saysHave A L k1Have A L k4. Even after all that, no one

19、could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.5. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school 6.My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. 26Have A L k4. Even aftHave A L k7. Last year I inventedand a big company has decided t

20、o buy it from me.8. I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. 9. If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: 10. Just accept them for who they are and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.介詞27Have A L k7. Last yea E

21、xercise28 Exercise28選擇題1. Our master often told us _ things for granted.A. to not tave B. not to take C. didnt take D. not take2. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking.A. Never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never driveAB29選擇題AB293. Though he had often made his little siste

22、r _, today he was made _ by his little sister.A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry4. “Have you decided when _?” “Yes, tomorrow morning.”A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving5. She pretended _ me when I passed by.A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not

23、 see D. having not seenAAA303. Though he had often made hi6. The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _.A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off7. Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A. to do B. doing C. with D. to be doing 8. She

24、reached the top of the hill and stopped_ on a big rock by the side of the path.A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. restACC316. The light in the office i 用正確的詞的形式填空。1. Robert is said _ (study) abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. 2. The purpose of new technologies is to make lif

25、e easier, _ (make) it more difficult. 3. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ (expect) in my new job. 4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ (see) whether they will enjoy it.to have studiednot to maketo expectto be seen32 用正確的詞的形式填空。to have studie

26、dnot5. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. (what, do with)6. The mother didnt know who _ (blame) for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. 7. Paul doesnt have to be made _ (learn). He always works hard. 8. We agreed _ (meet) here but so far she hasnt

27、turned up yet. 9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.to learnto meetto blamenot towhat to do with it335. It is said in Australia the10. The patient was warned _ (eat) oily food after the operation.11. I would love _ (go) to the party last night but I had to w

28、ork extra hours to finish a report. 12. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ (invent) the first computer. 13. Little Jim should love _ (take) to the theatre this evening.14. _ (sleep) late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. to have goneto have inventedto be takenTo sleepnot to eat3410.

29、 The patient was warned _15. The teacher asked us _ (make) so much noise.16. They watered the soil _ (stop) it getting too dry.17. The little boy is old enough _ (go) to school. 18. Your sister is said _ (take) a plane before.19. I want _ (travel) around the world.20. When I came in, he pretended _

30、(read) a book. to stopto have takento be readingto travelledto gonot to make3515. The teacher asked us _21. “I want the document _ (print) at once.” said the boss angrily.22. He is wondering where _ (find) his lost bike.23. We used to hear her _ (sing) this song.24. The meeting _ (hold) next week is

31、 very important.25. The dusty air makes it difficult _ (get) a clear picture of space.26.He was seen _ (enter) the room an hour ago.singto be heldto getto enterto be printedto find3621. “I want the document _27. He is always the first _ (come) to school28. I have something important _ (tell) you.29.

32、 She feels excited _ (pass) the driven test.30. _ (make) a living, she had to work from morning till night.31. My teacher was made _ (give up) his teaching because of poor health.32. The sentence wants _ (explain) once more.To maketo cometo tellto have passedto give upexplaining3727. He is always th

33、e first _33.The Arctic is considered _ (be) the northern part of the Atlantic.34.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ (weave) for him without delay.35.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -The key _ (solve) the problem is to meet the demand _ (make) by t

34、he customers.to beto be wovento solvingmade3833.The Arctic is considered _36. -What do you think of the school? -It is a very good school _ (study) in.37. -Did you get a job? - No, I _ (try), but its no use.38.We find it impossible for the work _ (finish) ahead of time.39.-I usually go to Shanghai b

35、y train. -Why not _ (try, go) there by boat for a change? 40. I would rather starve to death than _ (beg) for food.try goingbegto studytried toto be finished3936. -What do you think of th以下選擇與前面填空1-15相同40以下選擇與前面填空1-15相同401. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.to have

36、studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.not make B. not to make C. not making D. dont make3. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D

37、. expects411. Robert is said _ abroad,4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. see5. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A. it what to do with B. what to do with i

38、t C. what to do it with D. to do what with it6. The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A. who B. when C. how D. why 424. Having a trip abroad is cer7. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning8. We

39、 agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to437. Paul doesnt have to be mad10. The patient was warned _ oily food a

40、fter the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating11. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone12. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.A. to invent B. inven

41、tingC. to have invented D. having invented4410. The patient was warned _13. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking14. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep15. The teacher a

42、sked us _ so much noise. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make4513. Little Jim should love _4646afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, claim, come, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, elect, endeavor, expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate, help, hesit

43、ate hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise refuse, say, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish The following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive.47afford, agree, appear, arrange The following verbs are normally followed by the Gerund. avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, cant helpThe following verbs are normally followed by the Gerund or the infinitive. love, like, hate, prefer, dislike