1、關于中考英語語法被動語態第1頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四被動語態與狀態的區別教 學 目 標被動語態基本結構（現在、過去、情態）哪些詞不能用于被動被動語態與被動修飾第2頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四基 礎 知 識一、什么是被動語態？英語中時態很多，但語態不多，只有兩種，即：主動語態和被動語態。如果主語是動作的執行者，使用主動語態；如果主語是動作的承受者，則使用被動語態。1. 定義：被動語態，即不知道動作執行者或強調動作承受者的一種語態。第3頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四2. 被動語態的構成：被字句：主語+ be

2、 +動詞過去分詞(v-ed) +by sb. 我打他 I beat him. (打過了)他被我打=他打被我 He was beaten by me.他喜歡她 He likes her. 她喜歡被他 She is liked by him. (am/ is / are).被動語態的時態是由be動詞的時態決定的，be動詞是什么時態，全句就是什么時態，be動詞后面的過去分詞不變。第4頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四學好被動語態的兩個基礎條件一、每種時態的be動詞形式。二、不規則動詞。第5頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四主動語態be的謂語形式總結(1

3、)主+am/ is/ are主+ am/ is/ are + being主+ will + be主+ has beenHe is a leader.He is being here.He will be a leader.He has been a leader.第6頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四主動語態be的謂語形式總結(2)主+was/ were主+ was/ were + being主+ would + be主+ had beenHe was a leader.He was being here just now.He would be a leader.He

4、 had been a leader several years ago.第7頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四被動語態:主+ be +過去分詞+(by sb)1. He eats the apple.2. He ate the apple.3. He is eating the apple.4. He was eating the apple.5. He will eat the apple.6. He would eat the apple.7. He has eaten the apple.8. He had eaten the apple.1. The appl

5、e is eaten by him.2. The apple was eaten by him.3. The apple is being eaten by him.4. The apple was being eaten by him.5. The apple will be eaten by him.6. The apple would be eaten by him.7. The apple has been eaten by him.8. The apple had been eaten by him.第8頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四三、情態動詞的被動語態

6、他兒子一定照顧這個人。His son must take care of the person.這個人一定要由他兒子照顧=即這個人一定照顧由他兒子。The person must be taken care of by his son.含有情態動詞的句子變為被動語態時，在情態動詞后面直接加上be動詞即可。構成：主語+情態動詞(can,may,must)+be(永遠是原形)+過去分詞+by sb.第9頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四1. You must do this as soon as possible.2. I can use it.3. You should

7、buy a dictionary.4. She ought to clean her bedroom.5. They need look after the little child.6. We can change water into ice.1. This must be done as soon as possible (by you).2. It can be used.3. A dictionary should be bought(by you).4. Her bedroom ought to be cleaned.5. The little child need be look

8、ed after(by them).6. Water can be changed into ice.第10頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四提 高 知 識一、是不是所有的動詞都有被動語態？1.所有的不及物動詞或不及物動詞詞組不能用于被動語態之中。 這類動詞或短語如：take place(發生)，happen(發生)，come about(發生)，break out(爆發)，appear(出現)，disappear(消失)，last(持續)，die , end (vi. 結束), fail, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, come t

9、rue, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart等。第11頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四(2)不能用于被動語態的及物動詞或動詞短語：Fit合適, have, hold, marry結婚, own擁有, wish, cost值, notice注意, watchagree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in成功, suffer from受苦, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to屬于第12頁，共34頁，2022年，5

10、月20日，16點41分，星期四(3)系動詞無被動語態： appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look,remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turnIt sounds good. 聽起來很好。 Tell me if you feel cold你要是感到冷就告訴我。第13頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四4) 特殊結構：make sb. heard / understood (使別人能聽見/理解自己)，have sth. done ( 要某人做某事)。 5) 當brea

11、k out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等動詞表示“發生、關閉、制定”等意思時。The plan worked out successfully.The lamps on the wall turn off. 第14頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四二、初中的不及物動詞有哪些？不及物動詞指的是后面不能跟賓語的動詞。常見的不及物動詞有：apologize道歉 appear出現 arrive到達come來 go去 run跑 walk走 die死fall掉落 flow流淌 happen發生 rise升起stay停留 sit坐 li

12、e躺 stand站 cry哭 swim游泳第15頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四基礎練習題( ) 1. The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2. English _ in Canada.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )3.This English song_ by the girls after class.A. ofte

13、n sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung第16頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四( ) 4. This kind of car _ in Japan.A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6. Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C.

14、 to be kept D. to keep第17頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四( ) 7. A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 8. The key _ on the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 9. His new book_ next month.A. will

15、be published B. is publishing C. is being publishedD. has been published第18頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四( ) 10. The flowers_often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must waterAnswers: 1-5 BDDDC 6-10 BBCAB第19頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四提高練習題1. The old bridge in my hometown_ next

16、month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt2. The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shownC. will show D. is shown第20頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四3. Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.A. have kept B

17、. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept4. -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold第21頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四5. These papers_yet.A.have not written B. have not been writtenC. has not written D. has not been written6. Th

18、e sports meet _ be held until next week.A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt7. The books may_ for two weeks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow第22頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四8. The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended9. Tea _ in the south of

19、China.(多)A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow10. Old people must _.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked well afterD. be looked after well第23頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四11. Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care of D. t

20、ake good care12. I_ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. am given B. was been giving C. had given D. was given13. She will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you第24頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四14. The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do

21、C. did D. done15. These children_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to16. The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costedC. cost D. is costed第25頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四17. The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. was had B. was held C. held D. had18. Great change

22、s_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place to B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place19. You cant use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down第26頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四20. The medicine_in a dry and cool place .A .keep B .must keep C

23、 .must be kept D .must be keepAnwers: 1-5 AADCB 6-10 BADBD11-15 BDBBA 16-20 CBDAC第27頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四三、被動語態與過去分詞短語作后置定語。1. The cat is called Tom. (被動語態)2. There is a cat(called Tom) in the house. (過去分詞短語作后置定語)3例：He called the man called John.4例：The developed countries have developed over

24、 200 years.第28頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四四：被動語態不要與表示狀態句型混淆 類型一He is interested in the game.The game is made in China.類型二The door is closed.The door is closed by John. 第29頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四練 習 題1. Somebody_Jack phoned while you were out. A.to call B.calling C.being called D.called 2. These walls_stone.A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into3. Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said第30頁，共34頁，2022年，5月20日，16點41分，星期四4. The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made