1、大學英語六級考試技巧 講座主講人：鄭懷潔六級聽力技巧新舊六級聽力區別 具體變化：題型增多，分值由20上升至35，時間也相應從20分鐘變為35分鐘。 (1) 老六級： Section A：10 short conversations；Section B：3 passages or compound dictation (2) 新六級： Section A：8 short conversations and 2 long conversations； Section B：3 passages； Section C：compound dictation（11空）六級考試流程 14：50-15：00試

2、音尋臺時間 15：00-15：10播放考場指令，發放作文考卷 15：10取下耳機，開始作文考試 15：35發放含有快速閱讀的試題冊（但15：40才允許開始做） 15：40-15：55做快速閱讀部分 15：55-16：00收答題卡一（即作文和快速閱讀） 15：55-16：00重新戴上耳機，試音尋臺，準備聽力考試 16：00開始聽力考試，電臺開始放音 聽力結束后完成剩余考項。 17：20全部考試結束 解決做題會出現的三種情況： 1. 聽不懂1）音的問題 美音和英音區別：美音中元音開口特別大，而英音開口特別小； B. 輔音濁化：美音中清輔音在兩個元音夾擊下則變為濁輔音；C.兒化音：美音中如果字母加上

3、 r 則產生兒化音 重讀和弱讀，語音和語調 2）語速的問題 連讀A. 輔音+元音：在一句話中，前一個單詞以輔音結尾，后一個單詞以元音開頭，兩詞處于同一義群且語速較快時就發生連讀。B. 輔音+輔音：在一句話中，前一個單詞以輔音結尾，后一個單詞以輔音開頭，后一個輔音發音，前一個不發音。2. 聽什么？ 1）小詞2）短語3）一詞多義3. 聽懂了但做不對題1）場景: 兩大固定場景： campus life(校園生活)；daily life(日常生活)2）技巧和規律 六個技巧： 聽前： 快速閱讀選項； 預測內容和題型 聽中： 理解大意，抓住主題； 注意小詞和短語 聽后：選擇相近的選項； 爭取去找對立的選項

4、 如何正確閱讀選項？閱讀選項的技巧：scan，關鍵要搶時間掃讀、略讀閱讀掃描的技巧：找異同點，先縱讀再橫讀 “莫非”法則：凡事要向不好的方面去思維 If anything can go wrong, it will. 出去玩一定會下雨。 汽車、火車、飛機、輪船基本都是晚點。 男生VS女生，女生樣樣比男生好 勇于放棄，要果斷選擇答案一般情況下不要輕意地改動自己的第一選擇Attention！小對話一、基本介紹 對話主要涉及人們日常生活中的話題。對話中的句子結構、成分、主題一般都非常簡單。一般來說每個對話的字數在40 - 50之間。語速基本穩定在每分鐘150 - 160個單詞。問題一般都是特殊疑問句

5、，常見的疑問句開頭單詞：what, when, where, who, why, how。二、小對話的分類(小對話常見的十種題型)1、數字價格計算題 2、時間加減運算題3、對話場景題4、人物職業、身份、關系題5、人物意圖題 6、態度評價題7、動作行為題8、因果關系題9、推斷題（言外之意）10、意義解釋題1、數字價格計算題注意：1. 十幾、幾十的讀音2. 分數的說法3. 小數的說法4. 大數字的說法5. 錢的問題（1）打折discount, discount rate, on sale, 50% off, clearance（2）北美貨幣體系單位 cent, nickel, dime, quar

6、ter, fifty cents, dollar, buck1. M: How much are the tickets?W: They are ten dollars each for the general public, but student tickets are half price.Q: How much will the man pay for the two general tickets and two student tickets?2、時間加減運算題注意：1、超前: earlier, ahead of time, in advance 2、準時: be on time,

7、 be on schedule 3、推遲: behind schedule, late, delay, put off, postponeM: Im sorry, Madam, the plane is somewhat behind the schedule. Take a seat. Ill inform you as soon as we know something definite.W: Thank you. Id rather look around and Ill be back in several minutes.Q: What can be concluded about

8、the plane?A)On Thursday night. B)On Monday night.C)On Friday morning. D)On Thursday morning3、對話場景題兩大類場景：campus life(校園生活)；daily life(日常生活) campus life(校園生活): （1）上課、選課、聽講座、聽報告; （2）作業; （3）考試; （4）圖書館2. daily life(日常生活) : （1）餐館 （2）醫院 （3）銀行 （4）郵局 （5）旅游 （6）打工（7）機場、車站（8）賓館（9）電話（10）購物4、人物職業、身份、關系題Eg：A) Cust

9、omer and salesman B) ColleaguesC) Employee and boss D) ClassmatesW: Hi, Jack, I just came back yesterday. Anything new while I was away?M: Congratulations, Susan! Its said you will be promoted to manager and e my immediate boss.Q: Whats most probably the relationship between the two speakers at the

10、moment?5、人物意圖題題型特征：第一個人經常提出一個請求、建議或意見等等，第二個人說的話一般以but為標志的句子來說出自己的意見。常見的提問方式：What do you learn from the conversation? 解決思路：關鍵要聽懂第二個人but后面的話，but后面就是正確答案。1. A) All the passengers were killed. B) The plane crashed in the night.C) No more survivors have been found. D) Its too late to search for survivors

11、. W: Is the rescue crew still looking for survivors of the plane crash? M: Yes, they have been searching the area for hours, but they havent found anybody else. They will keep searching until night falls. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 6、態度評價題選項中經常出現的態度類形容詞或副詞：Oh my God!, happy, worried,

12、 panic, luckily, fortunately, unfortunately, impatient, curious, anxious, ridiculous, hopeless.問題：What does the speaker think of sth.?/ Whats the speakers idea / attitude / opinion about .?/ response to .?A) Its results were just as expected. B) It wasnt very well designed. C) It fully reflected the

13、 students ability.D) Its results fell short of her expectations.M: How many students passed the final physics exam in your class?W: Forty, but still as many as 20 percent of the class failed, quite disappointing, isnt it? Q: What does the woman think of the exam?7、動作行為題題型特點：通過兩個人的對話，判斷他們要干什么或正在做什么。問

14、題：Whats the speaker doing now? / Whats the speaker going to do? / What does the speaker think sb. should do?注意：著重聽出動作發生的先后順序，還有動作的時態。A) Selecting the best candidate. B) Choosing a campaign manager. C) Trying to persuade the woman to vote for him. D) Running for chairman of the student union.M: You a

15、re my campaign manager. What do you think I should do to win the election? Im convinced Im the best candidate for the chairman of the Student Union. W: We wont be able to win unless we get the majority votes from the women students. Q: What is the man doing? 8、因果關系題常見的因果關系的表達： since, for, as, becaus

16、e (of), due to, so that, therefore, thus, as a result, hence, in that, now that, but that解題思路：要深入理解說話人的含義A) Hell give a lecture on drawing.B) He doesnt mind if the woman goes to the lecture. C) Hed rather not go to the lecture.D) Hes going to attend the lecture.W: I dont imagine you have any interes

17、t in attending that lecture on drawing, do you? M: Oh, yes, now that you reminded me of it. Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 9、意義解釋題重點考查：短語和小詞的理解問題：What does the man/speaker mean?A) He is sure they will succeed in the next test.B) He did no better than the woman in the test.C

18、) He believes she will pass the test this time.D) He felt upset because of her failure.W: Oh, dear. Im afraid I fail again in the national test. Its the third time I took it. M: Dont be too upset. I have the same fate. Lets try the fourth time. Q: What does the man mean?10、推斷題提問方式: 1. What do we lea

19、rn from conversation? 2. What can be inferred from conversation? 3. What do we learn about?解題：表面上的意思是不對的，選項中答案在原文中一模一樣地出現決不要選，重點要理清思路，聽出對話的言外之意。A) Shed like to have the windows open. B) She likes to have the air conditioner on. C) The air is heavily polluted. D) The windows are already open. M: Do y

20、ou want to turn on the air conditioner or open the window? W: I love fresh air if you dont mind. Q: What can be inferred from the womans answer?小短文短文題材：天文、地理、科幻、科學、文化、教育、風俗、歷史、人物、日常生活體裁：記敘文、說明文、議論文、應用文題型：細節題：主要考五個 w 一個 h (when, why, where, what, how)What happened.in this passage?Who was responsible

21、for.?Why did.? Where did accident take place ?How can .?How many .?In what way.When will.推理題（infer、implied)What can we infer from the passage?What the passage tell us about?What could possibly have if .Which of the following is true(not true, mentioned, not mentioned)?What does.say about.?What do we

22、 learn from the passage?主題題（main idea）What is possible topic for the passage?What is the passage mainly about?What is a main idea of the passage?What does the passage mainly discuss?What do we learn from the passage?What can be concluded from the passage?What is the best title for the passage?1. 聽到什

23、么就選什么2、順序原則3、重復原則11. Which factor can most seriously endanger airplanes according to this passage?A) Crowded air traffic. B) The large size of airplanes. C) Bad weather. D) Mistakes by air traffic controllers.Today, air travel is far safer than driving a car on a busy motorway. But there is a danger

24、 that grows every year.From the moment an airplane takes off to the moment it lands, every movement is watched on radar screens. Air traffic controllers tell the pilot exactly when to turn, when to climb and when to come down. The air traffic controllers around a busy airport may handle 1,000 planes

25、 a day. Any plane that flies near the airport comes under the orders of the controllers there. Even a small mistake on their part could cause a disaster.Recently such a disaster almost happened. Two large jets were flying towards the airport. One was carrying 69 passengers and had come from Toronto.

26、 The other was carrying 176 passengers from Chicago. An air traffic controller noticed on his radar screen that the two planes were too close to each other. He ordered one to turn to the right and to climb. But he made a mistake. He ordered the wrong plane to do this. So, instead of turning away fro

27、m the second plane, the first plane turned towards it. Fifteen seconds later it flew directly in front of the second plane. They avoided each other by the smallest part of a second. The distance between them was less than that of a large swimming pool. This is an example of the danger that grows eve

28、ry year. 4、解釋原則5、轉折對比原則14. A)The local fishing cooperative decised to reduce its catch.B) The local Chamber of Commerce tried to preserve fishes.C) There were fewer fish in the river.D) Over-fishiing was prohibited.There are some serious problems in the Biramichi river. The local chamber of commerce

29、, which we rpresents the industry in the area has hired me as a consultant to do a one-year study on fishing in the Biramichi river and write a report for them. This is my report: One of the major problems in the Bramichi river is that the level of oxygen in the water is too low. Several chemicals h

30、ave displaced the oxygen. This chemical pollution has two sources. The factories which dump polluted water into the river and the local community which dumps untreated human wastes into the river. The local town government has already spent 2 million dollars on waste water treatment projects, but it

31、 would cost another 27 million to complete the projects. It will take at least 15 years for the town to collect enough revenue from taxes to complete these projects. The factories here employ 17,000 people in an area where there is very little alternative employment. It is not economically practical

32、 to close or relocate the factories. Also the factories cannot afford to finance chemical treatment plants by themselves. Another problem is that the members of the Biramichi fishing corporative are overfishing. Fish are caught when they are on the way upstream to lay eggs. Consequently, not enough

33、fish are left to reproduce in large mumbers. The members of the corporative say that they had already reduced their annual catch by 50 percent. However, my studies indicate that they took fewer fish because there were fewer fish to catch not because they were trying to preserve fish. 11. What was th

34、e speaker assigned to do in the past year? 12. What is one of the problems in the Biramichi river? 13. What does the passage tell us about the factories along the river? 14. Why was the annual catch of fish in the Biramichi river reduced according to the speaker? 6、因果原則7、開頭原則8、結尾原則（尾巴原則）9、人名原則Everyw

35、here we look we see Americans running. They run for every reason anybody could think of. They run for health, for beauty, to lose weight, to feel fit and because its the thing they love to do. Every year, for example,thousands upon thousands of people run in one race, the Boston Marathon, the best k

36、nown long distance race in the United States. In recent years, there have been nearly 5,000 official competitors and it takes three whole minutes for the crowd of runners just to cross the starting line. You may have heard the story of the Greek runner Pheidippides. He ran from Marathon to Athens to

37、 deliver the news of the great victory 2,500 years ago. No one knows how long it took him to run the distance. But the story tells us that he died of the effort. Today no one will die in a Marathon race. But the effort is still enormous. Someone does come in first in this tiring foot race. But at th

38、e finish line we see what this race is about: not being first but finishing. The real victory is not over ones fellow runners but over ones own body. Its a victory of will-power over fatigue. In the Boston marathon each person who crosses that finish line is a winner.15. What happened to the ancient

39、 Greek runner Pheidippides?A) He won the first prize. C) He fell behind the other runners.B) He died because of fatigue. D) He gave up because he was tired10.強調原則1990年1月 Strikes are very common in Britain. They are extremely harmful to its industries. In fact, there are other countries in Western Eu

40、rope that lose more working days through strikes every year than Britain. The trouble with the strikes in Britain is that they occur in essential industries. There are over 495 unions in Britain. Some unions are very small. Over 20 have more than 100,000 members. Unions do not exist only to demand h

41、igher wages. They also educate their members. They provide benefits for the sick and try to improve working conditions. Trade unioners say that we must thank the unions for the great improvement in working conditions in the last hundred years. It is now against the law for union members to go on str

42、ike without the support of their union. This kind of strike is called the unofficial strike and was common until recently. Employers feel that unofficial strikes were most harmful because they would not be predicted. However, these unofficial strikes still occur from time to time and some unions hav

43、e also refused to cooperate with the law. As a result, the general picture of the relations between workers and employers in Britain has gone from bad to worse.13. What conclusion can be drawn from this passage?A) Trade unions in Britain are ing more popular.B) Most strikes in Britain are against th

44、e British law.C) Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D) Employer-worker relations in Britain have e tenser.小短文題目分布特征34道題開頭一道結尾一道中間12道閱讀選項的目的1、聽前預測，推測短文主題，預測時間和方法2、反推問題，確定重要信息點小短文的八種常見題型1、小故事題型 主要類型：幽默故事、奇聞軼事 三個考點： （1）首三句：交待故事背景以及主人公遇到什么問題 （2）主人公做出了什么樣的計劃決定以及原因 （3）故事往往會以非常生動的結局收

45、尾，通常主人公做了出人意料的舉動或說了意味深 長的話，然后要推測其言外之意2、名人段落題 考過的名人：政治家、總統、藝術家、商人、作家、運動員、球星、科學家、教師 三個考點： （1）開篇句會對某個人物進行簡介，有時候會給出生和死亡年代 （2）名人他做過的著名的大事 （3）名人的歷史地位評價3、學校教育體制題 考過的類型：美國中小學、私立學校（private school）、公立學校（public school）、宗教學校（religion school）、美國某學校特殊的教育體制方法 三個考點： （1）開篇句會對學校進行簡介以及提出基本問題 （2）經常會出現師資、生源、宿舍、圖書館、課外活動、

46、辦學力量、 逃學曠課等等相關的介紹（經常出現數字題） （3）學校的解決辦法以及獨特的方面4、特殊機構以及西方文化介紹題 特殊機構類：銀行、餐廳、法庭、監獄、圖書館、市政設施、政府當局等等 三個考點： （1）開篇句會對某種機構進行簡介，有時會帶出所在地點、國家等等 （2）機構的運作方式 （3）它給特殊群體帶來了什么樣的便利，有時會有些評價 文化類：好萊塢電影、芭蕾舞、音樂劇以及一些文化特色 三個考點： （1）開篇句會對其進行簡介 （2）人們選擇它的原因，它的獨特之處 （3）它的創作人員以及創作原因5、日常生活題 主要類型： （1）說明文：汽車、電腦、服裝、餐飲、書籍、寵物、旅游休閑等等 三個考點

47、： 開篇句會對其進行簡介 它的獨特之處以及人們選擇它的原因 它的未來趨勢和變化 （2）議論文：代溝、輟學、上網、女權主義、健身運動等等 三個考點： 提出論點 正反兩方的論點 總結6、災難危機題型 六大類：環境污染；資源短缺；人口爆炸；交通問題；犯罪現象；吸毒、離婚、自殺等現象 三個考點： （1）開篇句會提出一個社會熱點問題，分析現象特點以及形成原因 （2）它的危害之處 （3）人們的解決辦法7、調查研究題型 主要類型：國外某個大學或研究機構進行的某項特殊的調查試驗研究 四個考點： （1）開篇句會以一個日常生活事實來引出話題 （2）步驟、目的、結果，會出現數據比較 （3）對結果進行分析并得出相關推

48、論 （4）有時會出現專家的意見8、新聞 考查類型：一般是不好的事情 考點： （1）自我介紹 （2）介紹事情的起因、經過 （3）當局正在采取什么措施補充短語At no charge 免費Ages ago 很久以前A trial run 練習，預演。A saving account 儲蓄戶頭All tied up 工作很忙A long way off 差的很遠Back out 退出，食言Be cut out for sth. 天生適合于做某事Count on sb./sth. 指望Come up with sth 想出。Cut down on sth. 減少Come down with the f

49、lu 感染流感 （bird flu 禽流感）Count for little/much 關系不大/重大Demanding 要求嚴格的Doze off 打瞌睡（take a nap）End up with 以的方式結束Feed-back 反饋For anything 無論如何Get stuck 被困住Give sb. a break 饒了某人Give sb. a hand 幫助，幫忙Get along with 相處的好Hold on to sth. 保留/繼續使用Have a tough/hard time doing sth. 做某事有困難In case of 以防萬一Keep an eye

50、 on sth. 留心某事Know the ropes 熟悉Know-how 技能，訣竅Let sb. go 開除/解雇某人Meet each other half way 相互妥協Out of focus 脫焦Out of the way 偏僻的，很遠的Put up with sb. 容忍某人Plug and play 即插即用Pros and cons 優缺點Pick up the table 付帳，買單Out of the question沒門Out of question 沒問題Stick round 逗留Snap to sb. 對某人發火Stay up all night 熬夜Vic

51、e versa 反過來亦然復合式聽寫 新舊六級聽力題型比較區別老六級：20道題 / 20分 / 20分鐘Section A short conversation （10）Section B passage （3）compound dictation （7+3）新六級：36道題 / 35分 / 35分鐘Section A short conversation （8） long conversation （2）Section B passage （3）Section C compound dictation （8+3）復合式聽寫考察內容:1、填寫的單詞和句子不難，一般不會超過六級大綱。2、難點在于

52、單詞比較長，同時可能出現各種各樣的變形。3、一般來說，聽寫材料中說明文較多。Directions: In this section you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read the second time you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from s1-s7 wi

53、th the exact words you have just heard. For the blanks numbered s8-s10 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, y

54、ou should check what you have written. Now, listen to the passage.速記： 1、放第一遍錄音時開始寫，對于長難單詞寫縮略語。difficult dif / difficulty dify / environment env / environmental envl / especially esp / University uni 2、符號助記法。 question ? question is ?: about /approximately less than more than 3、奇偶填空法復合式聽寫中的句子做法： 第一遍盡量

55、不要寫后面的三個句子，聽懂大意。 第二遍只寫關鍵詞。 第三遍查漏補缺。President Clinton later today joins (S1) presidents Ford, Garter and Bush at“the presidents summit for Americas future”(S2)at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school, weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children. Mr. Clin

56、ton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (S3) dollars to fund a five-year program called “America Reads”.The program would fund the (S4)efforts of 20 thousand reading (S5) and it would also give (S6)to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight. During his

57、Saturday radio (S7), the president explained why the program is important:“We need America Reads and we need it now. Studies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well.(S8) But 40 percent of them still cant read at a basic level.”Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for

58、 college funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring programs.(S9) The president says many of the Philadelphia summits corporate sponsors will recruit tutors.(S10) _聽前預測：第一個空格里面，通過快速掃描第一句話，發現有美國總統克林頓Clinton，又有美國總統福特，卡特，布什(Ford, Garter and Bush)，那么后者跟前者相比較，同學們一定可以感覺到后者為前總統，因此第一個空格應填入former或類似含義的

59、單詞。第二個空格我們看到后面有一個介詞，于是能發現應當在里面填一個動詞，此時就需要注意時態，單復數的問題。空格三明顯是一個量詞，第四個空格不好預測，第五個可以估計出來應填名詞，此時應注意名詞單復數的問題，第六同上，第七個空格技巧性較強，需要背景知識，同學們可以想想，美國總統一般去電臺(during his radio_)干什么？此時蹦入腦海的一定是“電臺演講，演說”，于是應當是“lecture, presentation, address”等詞匯。后面的長難句由于過長，很難提前預測判斷，但是在短短的幾十秒鐘的時間里面, 能預測出來這么多的信息, 實屬難能可貴.因此同學們應努力做到把前面的小知識

60、點提前好好分析一下，定能熟練掌握聽前預測這一技巧。參考答案：S1 formerS2 aimedS3 billionS4 coordinationS5 specialistsS6 grantsS7 addressS8. Theyre likely to drop out of school and less likely to succeed in life.S9. The program, initiated by President Clinton, has come under criticism by Congress.S10. Dozens of colleges and univer