1、單、多晶硅片轉換效率差異對后續光伏系統成本影響的對比分析Analysis of efficiency difference between mono and multi wafer, and its influence on cost structure PV supply chain西安隆基硅材料股份有限公司2009.11Xian LONGi Silicon Materials Corp.Nov,2009提要Outline1.產業生產鏈條 Production chain 2. 8 單、多晶硅片基本參數 The parameters of 156*156mm mono wafer and p

2、oly wafer3.成本計算與比較 Cost calculation and comparison4.電力回收期的區別 The comparison of electricity power generation. 5.結論 Conclusion1.產業生產鏈條Production chain轉化效率：標準狀態下將光能轉化為電能的效率。 Conversion efficiency：Under standard condition, the proportion of sunlight energy that the cell/module convert to electrical ener

3、gy. 標準狀態Standard condition表面溫度25Surface temperature25光譜分布AM1.5Spectrum distributionAM1.5輻射度1000w/Radiation intensity1000w/ 下面將重點分析單、多晶硅片在后續生產環節上的成本差異， 即在電池、組件、模組安裝集成環節的成本差異。 We will focus on cost difference between mono and multi wafer at further production process, e.g. cell , module and system ins

4、tallation. 以6”硅片（156mm*156mm*200）為例，假設單晶硅片轉化效率為17.5%，多晶硅片轉化效率為16%。 For 6inch wafer (156*156mm Dia.:200), we suppose the efficiency of mono wafer is 17.5%, and multi 16%.電池功率Cell power output156X156X200單晶硅電池在17.5%轉換效率時的單片功率為: 4.18WThe power output per mono wafer(156X156mm,200)with efficiencyof 17.5%

5、is : 4.18W156X156多晶硅電池在16%轉換效率時的單片功率為: 3.89WThe power output per multi wafer (156X156mm,200) with efficiencyof 16% is : 3.89W3.成本計算與比較Cost calculation and comparison以一個標準尺寸的電池組件（比如尺寸1482*992）為例，單晶的輸出功率約為225w，多晶的輸出功率為210w，以下計算該同尺寸模組，在分別采用單晶、多晶硅片制作時，在電池制造、組件及在系統及工程方面的單位成本差異。 For a standard PV module (

6、1482*992mm), the power output of mono cell is 225w and multi 210w. 系統成本構成 PV system cost structure太陽能組件成本Module cost系統成本System cost光伏系統成本結構PV system cost structure電池成本Cell cost組件的非電池成本 non-cell cost控制系統 Control system安裝成本installation cost硅片采購成本 wafer price非硅制造成本non-silicon process cost不論單晶光伏系統還是多晶系統

7、，只要組件尺寸相同，則蘭色成本部分基本相同The features in blue are same for those model with same size, no matter mono or multi.電池、組件、系統及工程成本構成Cost structure of cell, module and system單晶硅電池組件與多晶硅電池組件有相同的成本構成 Same cost structure as per mono and multi module一個標準組件的成本（扣除電池片成本）為$85 Non-cell cost of a standard module is $85系

8、統及工程成本System and project cost控制、逆變器及與功率相關部分：$0.75/瓦Control, inverter and output relevant：$0.75/w電站建設安裝與面積相關部分成本（土建、支架、人工）：$0.75元/瓦Installation cost related to frame size(construction、track、labor)：$0.75/w土地成本：$0.15-0.30/瓦若有追日系統則增加$0.30/瓦Land cost：$0.15-0.30/w$0.30/w added if tracking used系統及工程成本Syste

9、m and project cost與效率差異 無關的成本Cost irrelative with efficiency 若多晶硅硅片的價值是$0.7/W,則單晶硅片的價值就應該是$0.8/W，此時，二者性價比相當。Equal performance/price achieved while multi price at $0.7/w and mono 0.8/w156X156X200單晶硅片的價值為: $0.8/W*4.18W/片=$3.34/片Price mono wafer cell (156X156mm,200): $0.8/W * 4.18W/pc = $3.34/pc156X156

10、多晶硅片的價值為: $0.7/W*3.89W/片=$2.72/片Price multi wafer cell (156X156mm,200) : $0.7/W*3.89W/pc = $2.72/pc兩者價值差為: $3.34- $2.72=$0.62/片Price difference: $3.34- $2.72=$0.62/pc價值區別Value difference ；價值區別 Value Comparison1KG硅原料按單、多晶路線所產生的價值區別： Value generated from 1KG silicon materials via mono and multi proces

11、s :兩者的綜合出片率均為45片/KG Overall wafer yield: 45pcs/KG單晶、多晶鑄錠總價值差： $0.62/片*45片/KG=$27.9/KG Value difference between mono pulling and multi casting: $0.62/pc * 45pcs/KG = $27.9/KG鑄錠的成本很低，有可能會達到$2.50/KG Casting cost can be as low as $2.50/KG單晶拉制需要將成本控制到$30.40/KG才會具有優勢 Mono pulling will have cost advantage

12、over casting when cost achieves $30.40/KG.電力回報的區別（二） Comparison Electricity Generation (II)1W太陽能電池年發電量一般為1.5度 1.5KWH electricity generated annually by 1w cell.13W年發電量為19.5度 19.5KWH by 13W單晶硅多發電量回收自身生產多耗電量的時間: (48度/KG)/(19.5度/KG年)=2.5年 Time for mono pulling to balance more power output and consumptio

13、n: 48KWH/kg / 19.5KWH/kg.yr = 2.5yrs每公斤硅原料單晶比多晶在25年內多發電438度! （25-2.5）*19.5=438 1kg poly silicon will generate 438KWH more power in 25yrs with mono process than multi: (25 2.5) x 19.5 = 438KWH5.結論（一）Conclusion (I)用一片156X156X200的單晶硅準方片進行生產，到發電系統時，較一片156X156的多晶硅方片增加$0.62（折合￥5.00含稅)的價值，若考慮土地使用成本上述價值差將會更

14、大。 One piece of mono wafer 156 x 156 200 will generate $0.62 (5.0RMB VAT incl.) more value than multi wafer 156 x 156, calculated alone through PV system. 若單晶硅電池的轉換效率比多晶硅電池高出1.5個百分點，單晶硅拉棒的成本控制在$30.00/KG （折合￥240.00/KG含稅)之內，將比多晶鑄錠技術線路更具優勢。 Mono pulling would have more commercial advantage alone than m

15、ulti casting, when mono cell has 1.5% higher efficiency than multi, and, pulling cost per 1kg ingot is controlled at $30.00/kg (240.00RMB VAT incl. )結論（二）Conclusion (II)3. 電池片、組件生產商應向下游系統商說明高轉換效率電池的產業鏈成本優勢，單位面積的高輸出功率將使系統的安 裝及土地占用成本降低。 Cell and module manufacturers should demonstrate to system compan

16、ies the importance of convert. efficiency alone PV supply chain. Higher output per module or cell size will help to reduce costs such as installation and land payment. 4. 單晶硅片的小角化趨勢同樣是提高單位面積輸出功率，降低整體系統成本的措施，典型規格： 125X125X165(面積利用率99.09%) 156X156X 210(面積利用率99.53%)Small corner of mono wafer has been t

17、he trend for mono wafer, increasing active size and power output per wafer. That will further help to reduce PV system cost. ns are as follow: 125X125X165(active area 99.09%) 156X156X210(active area 99.53%)結論（三）conclusion （III）5. 單晶硅生產較多晶硅鑄錠多耗電，但其生產的太陽能電池將發出更多的電，在其25年的生命周期中將多發出10倍的多耗電力，實際上，單晶路線會更省電！ Mono pulling consume