1、英語閱讀填空能力考查快速獲取信息的能力。理清、整體文章脈絡(luò)、把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)；處理、加工、運(yùn)用信息的能力。 （如何獲取、整理、歸納與概括信息的能力）二、行標(biāo)題概括性詞匯（常出現(xiàn)在段首）的邏輯性：05 Causes /Reasons Effects/Results06 Purposes/Aims Effects Assessments07 Advantages Worries/Problems Efforts/Measures Conclusion08 Disadvantages Varieties System Advantages Disadvantages/Issues Advice/ Mea

2、sures Importance/function Ways Requirements Analysis Similarities Differences Situation/definition Bottlenecks/Problems /Difficulties Solutions. 常用總結(jié)性的詞匯：結(jié)論：conclusion, summary評(píng)論：comments, remark, assessment變化趨勢： trend, development觀點(diǎn)：attitude, idea, opinion, ( critical批判的, pessimistic悲觀的, negative消極

3、的, positive積極的, neatral中立的, indifferent漠不關(guān)心的, ironic諷刺的)原因：reason (for), cause (of), result, effect, (objective, subjective,) purpose, aim, goal, target, destination常用總結(jié)性的詞匯：駁斥性: definition, advice, suggestion, tips, opinions, problems, solutions, measures,ways, methods, approach, theme, topic, exam

4、ples, requirements比較性結(jié)構(gòu)：Dos, Donts , differences, similarities, advantages, disadvantages, features國家：countries, area/size, location, history, climate, culture, custom, population, resoures, language, event (time/date, place, people, types/kinds, forms, functions), introduction/ instruction, informa

5、tion, necessity/must; not mentioned人物介紹： 常用總結(jié)性的詞匯：人物介紹： name, male/ female, age, place, year of birth, character, influence, nationality, profession/ occupation, interest/hobby, experience, habit, major（專業(yè)）, degree, achievement 事件： time, event, subject, content, disaster, cost, place,其他：steps, perce

6、ntage, uses, 05-08年高考閱讀填空的設(shè)空特點(diǎn)： 一、直接信息題（一個(gè)行標(biāo)題對應(yīng)一個(gè)段落： 解題注意：表達(dá)方式的一致性 二、行標(biāo)題的概括性詞匯題（一般在每段首句出現(xiàn)）： 解題注意：表達(dá)方式的一致性 三、信息加工處理題：表達(dá)方式的一致性；詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換；由句子變?yōu)槊~詞組。解題注意：句意的改寫：正與反(同義詞/反義詞;加前后綴;主動(dòng)與被動(dòng))；句型和詞語不同詞性之間的互換同一句子成分之間的轉(zhuǎn)換信息加工處理：詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換：詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸1.句意改寫：正與反1）同義詞與反義詞；2）前綴與后綴3）主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)4）句型和詞語2.不同詞性之間的互換：3.不同形式的相同成分的轉(zhuǎn)換

7、：尤其是不同定語之間的改寫： 如后置定語與前置定語；作定語的從句、形容詞、非謂語、介詞短語之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。長定語變短定語（作為后置定語的定語從句變成形容詞充當(dāng)?shù)那爸枚ㄕZ或由非謂語或介詞短語充當(dāng)?shù)暮笾枚ㄕZ）；名詞所有格of sb./of sth. 后置 變成sbs/sths前置；信息加工處理：詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸1. 句意改寫：正與反1）同義詞與反義詞；2）前綴與后綴3）主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)4）句型和詞語專題訓(xùn)練詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸1）同義詞和反義詞: 一詞的否定說法用一個(gè)相對的反義詞改寫。 Most workers were in favor of /for the

8、decision. She did not pass the exam.= Most workers supported the decision.= She failed the decision.專題訓(xùn)練詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸V.的相對詞 There are . There are online packages which will show you the tricks of the trade. Included packs are often the materials and the instructions on how to carry out the mag

9、ic tricks. Some sell the tools separately.原文可以改寫成：Online packages can show the tricks and materials and the instructions to you and sell the tools separately to you as well . 原文主語為Online packages。可以改寫成: you can buy some tools separately from some (online packages). Online packages. Watch the tricks.

10、 Choose the materials and instructions. 79. the tools separately.buybuy-sell; teach-study; borrow- lend專題訓(xùn)練詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸2）前綴和后綴 Many people lost their houses. The lady was not happy . Peter did not do the work very carefully.= Many people become homeless.= The lady was unhappy = Peter did the

11、work very carelessly專題訓(xùn)練詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸4） 句型和詞語 He made a promise(n.) that he would come She did not come back until yesterday. I didnt catch the bus.= He promised (n.) that he would come= She stayed there until yesterday.= I missed the bus.= He promised (n.) to come專題訓(xùn)練4） 句型和詞語 catch sight of =

12、 see pay a visit to = visit make an apology = apologize catch hold of = catch make a decision =decide make a study of = study all of a sudden =suddenly be fond of =like be proud of =take pride in be interested in =take /have an interest in 專題訓(xùn)練詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸4） 句型和詞語 learn by heart=recite take g

13、ood care of = look well after take notice of = notice come to an end=put an end to = end meet by chance/accident = happen to meet chance to meet= meet accidently You dont have to pay for it . = It is free. 信息加工處理：詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換：詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸1.句意改寫：正與反1）同義詞與反義詞；2）前綴與后綴3）主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)4）句型和詞語2.不同詞性之間的互換：3.不同形式的相同

14、成分的轉(zhuǎn)換：尤其是不同定語之間的改寫： 如后置定語與前置定語；作定語的從句、形容詞、非謂語、介詞短語之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。長定語變短定語（作為后置定語的定語從句變成形容詞充當(dāng)?shù)那爸枚ㄕZ或由非謂語或介詞短語充當(dāng)?shù)暮笾枚ㄕZ）；名詞所有格of sb./of sth. 后置 變成sbs/sths前置；1.（06Hunan）They also have fewer absences (n.) and are less likely to blame (v.). 79. improved acadamic behaviors better work habits higher rates of homework

15、 completion improved grades and higher scores fewer absences and 80._less blame (n.)less 是little 的比較級(jí)作副詞，可以修飾動(dòng)詞，如原文作形容詞，可以修飾名詞根據(jù)要與其并列信息fewer absences表達(dá)方式要一致的原則，此處用less（形容詞詞性）blame 即可以用作作動(dòng)詞，如原文，也可以用作名詞所以答案里應(yīng)該有名詞blame 2. 詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換: 詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸雙語報(bào)2009高三版35期81、82， . reduction in the use of water and

16、 increases in the use of renewable energy . medium-term . 81. . increasing 82. reducing water use renewable energy use雙語報(bào)2009高三版35期84，原文信息：improvement in the environmental impact of industry. impacts . improving 84. . leading the way . 85._ to other sectors. . the environment “動(dòng)詞賓語”詞組與“名詞定語”詞組互換，其修飾

17、詞也在“副詞”與相應(yīng)的“形容詞”之間進(jìn)行互換 2. Vitamin C is necessary for strong bones and teeth ,and for healthy blood vessels. Being a_ for strong bones and teeth and healthy blood. 3. It grows to one meter in length Being_ 4. Some buildings were well built and attractive. Buildings:_necessityone meter longwell-built

18、and attractive由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞由介詞短語轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞正確使用合成詞 5. Materials used in them are not processed with strong chemicals that can produce harmful gases.Using recycled materials reusing old thing Using _ keeping people healthy harmless chemical materials準(zhǔn)確的使用反義詞信息加工處理：詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換：詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸1.句意改寫：正與反同義詞與反義詞；前綴

19、與后綴主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)句型和詞語2.不同詞性之間的互換：3.不同形式的相同成分的轉(zhuǎn)換：尤其是不同定語之間的改寫： 如后置定語與前置定語；作定語的從句、形容詞、非謂語、介詞短語之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。長定語變短定語（作為后置定語的定語從句變成形容詞充當(dāng)?shù)那爸枚ㄕZ或由非謂語或介詞短語充當(dāng)?shù)暮笾枚ㄕZ）；名詞所有格of sb./of sth. 后置 變成sbs/sths前置； （06Hunan）One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit . The other likely development will be a chan

20、ge in the proportion of the nations workforce. “Family unit change”“workforce proportion change”由介詞短語作定語轉(zhuǎn)變成名詞作定語的名詞詞組 . If a person tries to speak out irrelevant details or offer explanations which are not necessary when hes asked a particular question, hes attempting to hide certain facts. speaking

21、 out irrelevant details 80._offering unnecessary explanations由定語從句轉(zhuǎn)變成形容詞作定語 III.句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：由句子轉(zhuǎn)變成名詞詞組 III.句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：由句子轉(zhuǎn)變成名詞詞組The friendship seeds 1、The seeds of friendship become deeply rooted. The power of government counts. of格可用名詞s格代替 或直接用名詞作定語the governments power4. (08 Hunan 81題) The intensive type m

22、ay be smaller, but its relatively deeper and home to larger plants. （07Hunan78）Their language acquisition is likely to become faster. _ relatively deeper home to larger plantspossibly smaller由謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)變成副詞作狀語修飾形容詞或分詞78. _ communicating with hostspossibly becoming faster5. The company was run by the stat

23、e. The population of Shanghai is growing fast.The state-run company 由謂語動(dòng)詞形式轉(zhuǎn)變成 合成形容詞作定語的名詞詞組Shanghais fast-growing population6、(08Hunan)But urban roofs are going green. Trees leaves are falling. Roofs going greenFalling leaves由謂語動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)變成分詞作定語信息加工處理：詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換：詞和詞語的靈活運(yùn)用-表達(dá)方式的殊途同歸I.句意改寫：正與反同義詞與反義詞；前綴與后綴主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)句

24、型和詞語II.不同詞性之間的互換：III.不同形式的相同成分的轉(zhuǎn)換：尤其是不同定語之間的改寫： 如后置定語與前置定語；作定語的從句、形容詞、非謂語、介詞短語之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。長定語變短定語（作為后置定語的定語從句變成形容詞充當(dāng)?shù)那爸枚ㄕZ或由非謂語或介詞短語充當(dāng)?shù)暮笾枚ㄕZ）；名詞所有格of sb./of sth. 后置 變成sbs/sths前置；Some other examples: The graying of the United states is mainly due to the fact that people are living longer. In sub-Saharan Af

25、rica the crops are drying out in the fields and people are dying of starvation . 80._ People dying of starvation London may never see a ”white Christmas” 79_ in London Parking is usually free, and the weather inside is always fine. 77_ Fine weatherCrops drying outNo snow/no white ChristmasFree parki

26、ng76. _The graying U.S. His grades are becoming better and better. . Those who have a strong will succeed. . We will punish those who have broken the law. . We will also employ someone who can take care of the house. His bettered gradesStrong-willed peopleThose law-breakersA doorman / caretaker houseTitle: 76 PlantedRoofs 83 Disad