1、長工作時間與冠心病、中風的風險文獻內容背景長時間工作與冠心病的關系可能增加，證據不充分長時間工作與中風的關系不明確目的評價長時間工作是否為冠心病和中風的風險因素方法收集符合標準的已發表研究和未發表研究（共25個）累積隨機效應meta分析結果校正變量：年齡、性別和社會經濟狀況長時間工作（55h/周）增加冠心病的風險（相對風險RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.021.26；p=0.02）長時間工作（55h/周）增加中風的風險（相對風險RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.111.61； p=0.002）結論工作時間長的員工發生中風的風險高工作時間與冠心病的關系比較弱Meta分析張毓瑩 201201

2、046Meta-Original Greek meaning -after, beside, with, among“Meta-English meaningscientific English termsbeyond, aboutMetaphysics: the science of what is beyond the physicalabstraction from another conceptmeta-theorymetalanguage: grammar an X about Xmetadatameta-cognitionmeta-emotionmeta-discussionMet

3、a-中文翻譯：元元，始也。說文元理論、元數據、元認知Meta-analysisanalysis of analyses對以往研究結果進行系統定量的綜合的統計學方法薈萃分析、元分析Steps in a meta-analysisFormulation of the problemSearch strategy and selection criteriaData extractionQuality assessmentStatistical analysis PRISMAPreferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analy

4、sesMeta分析報告標準規定了從題目到資金來源的寫作標準心血管系統相關詞根賈鳴男 201201062cardi/o heartvascul/o blood vesselcardiovascular 心血管的cardiology 心臟病學myocardial 心肌的cerebrovascular 腦血管的coron/o crown，heartcoronary 冠狀的coronoid process 冠突coronal suture 冠狀縫isch hold back，suppress 缺ischemic 缺血性的myocardial ischemia 心肌缺血sys together 收縮sy

5、stolic blood pressure 收縮壓systolometer 心音鑒定器-tension pressurehypertension 高血壓hypotension 低血壓ather/o 動脈粥樣coronary atherosclerosis 冠狀動脈粥樣硬化cerebr/o cerebrum 大腦cerebrosclerosis 腦硬化癥cerebral 大腦的cerebralgia 頭痛cerebriform 腦形的embol/o mass of clotted blood 栓塞embolism 栓塞amniotic fluid embolismcerebral embolis

6、memboliform 楔形的醫學統計學詞匯趙冰彬 201201071Prospective Cohort Study前瞻性隊列研究Prospective Study前瞻性研究以現在為起點追蹤到將來的研究方法Cohort Study隊列研究，風險因子分析手段通過對未患某一特定疾病的人群在一定時間內的觀察，根據相關性來確定被觀察對象患病的風險(From Wikipedia) A cohort study that follows over time a group of similar individuals (cohorts) who differ with respect to certai

7、n factors under study, to determine how these factors affect rates of a certain outcome.Exposed / Non-exposed groups暴露/非暴露組隊列研究(cohort study)基于待研究的危險因素研究對象分組暴露組和非暴露組高劑量暴露組和低劑量暴露組比較各組結局的發生率評價和檢驗危險因素與結局的關系Publication Bias發表偏倚陽性的研究結果發表的機會更多，發表的速度更快，所發表刊物的影響因子更高獲得發表的研究是獲取結論的主要依據基于待研究的危險因素，過分強調陽性結果可能造成誤導

8、Publication bias occurs when the publication of research results depends not just on the quality of the research but on the hypothesis tested, and the significance and direction of effects detected.File drawer problem 文件抽屜問題Funnel Plots 漏斗圖（分析和評估發表偏倚的一種方法）Reverse Causation 反向因果關系Least-squares analys

9、is 最小二乘法分析CI (confidence interval) 置信區間RR (relative risk) 相對危險度Summary了解相關領域查閱該領域專業詞匯表了解專業詞匯的意思選擇合適的（專業、通用）中文翻譯專業詞匯的翻譯是理解文章的基礎看似簡單的詞匯喬優 2012010471. substantiate & substantial- substantiate (vt.)（用事實）支持；證明，證實- substantial (adj.)堅固的；大量的，可觀的；實質的；重大的 .which, if substantiated, is substantial, because lon

10、g working hours are fairly common. 因為雇工長時間工作現象非常普遍，所以.這一發現一旦被證實，將具有重大意義。 2. incident- incident (n.) 事件，事變；插曲 (adj.) 易發的，伴隨而來的；附帶的；入射的 We analysed associations of long working hours with incident coronary heart disease and stroke. 我們對長時間工作與冠心病和中風的發生關系進行分析.3. modest- modest (adj.) 謙虛的，謙遜的；端莊的；適度的 Work

11、ing long hours was associated with a modest overall increase in risk of incident coronary heart disease compared with working standard hours. 與標準工作時長相比，長時間工作總體來說與冠心病風險提高存在一定的關系。4. robust- robust (adj.) 強健的；健康的；粗野的；粗魯的 Furthermore, the association did not vary between men and women or by geographical

12、 region, and was independent of the method of stroke ascertainment, suggesting that the finding is robust. 此外，該結果并未因性別、地域或中風認定方法的不同而異，表明這一發現是經得起推敲的。summary一詞多義：思維邏輯 - substantial中英文轉換：取舍 - incident 簡單意思引申：反復推敲，揣度原意 - modest - robust醫學研究中常用的一些不明覺厲明之覺易的短語周曉爽 2012010481. At baseline603 838 men and wome

13、n free from coronary heartdisease at baseline contributed to .The meta-analysis of coronary heart disease comprised data for 603 838 men and women who were free from coronary heart disease at baseline; the meta-analysis of stroke comprised data for 528 908 men and women who were free from stroke at

14、baseline.基礎，起點研究開始之時be free from coronary heart disease/stroke at baseline2. Outcome ascertainmentWe recorded no evidence of significant bias arising from reverse causation, confounding, outcome ascertainment, publication statusPrespecified subgroup analyses were done by sex, age group (50 vs 50 yea

15、rs), SES (high, intermediate, lowmethod of outcomeascertainment (medical records vs self-report)3. Left-censoringWe examined reverse causation by left-censoringie, exclusion from the analysis of coronary heart disease and stroke events that took place in the first 3 years of follow-up.Left censoring

16、 a data point is below a certain value but it is unknown by how much.Interval censoring a data point is somewhere on an interval between two values.Right censoring a data point is above a certain value but it is unknown by how much. -From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Summary注意上下文聯系證實積累研究常用詞長難句解析

17、楊子儀 201201068【同詞源詞語的交替使用】 The relative risk was about 1.4, which, if substantiated, is substantial, because long working hours are fairly common., if substantiated, is substantial如果屬實，會是非常有意義的【提取主干(1)存在連詞】Fourth, few studies have examined long working hours as a risk factor for stroke, a major cardi

18、ovascular endpoint, although stress and extensive sitting, both of which are associated with long working hours, could increase the risk of stroke., although【提取主干(2)存在眾多修飾成分】To describe the development of evidence over time, we did a cumulative meta-analysis of the association of working hours with coronary heart disease and stroke, based on date of publication and, for the IPD-Work and open-access unpublished data, year of baseline examination. 【提取主干(3)存在破折號】Physical inactivity can incre