1、Unit 5 The Value of Money Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures情態動詞和過去將來時態（導學案）This teaching period is about expressing modality and talking about future events in the past. Modality reflects the feelings of the person who is talking. It is still a really big challenge for senior students to master

2、 the usages of the modal words. Generally, in this unit, we will review and further learn the following model words, would/had better/ ought to/dare/should etc. As for the structures about the future events, we should lead students to master would be/do; was /were going to do/be about to do. 1. Guid

3、e students to review the basic usages of “modality” and talk about future events in the past.2. Enable students to use the related grammar structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of “modality”and the meanings of the st

4、ructures “was (were) about to /was (were) going to do/was (were) going”2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper “modality”and past future tenses. 指出下列句中畫線部分的含義1That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book. 2The children must have been very excited as they opened i

5、t. 3They might not receive their presents if they were not good. 4I was able to hold a knife and forkand chopsticks！ 5But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. 6Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen！ 7wed better not

6、eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, . 8“You neednt try it if you dont want to，” Mum said. 【答案】：1.能夠2.一定；準是3.可能4.能夠5.膽敢，敢于6.不得不7.最好8.不必eq avs4al(一、情態動詞can與could的用法)1表示能力：can用來表示現在的能力，could表示過去的能力。I can play basketball now, but I couldnt when I was young.現在我會打

7、籃球了，但小時候我不會。2表示請求和許可：could語氣比can委婉，但回答時只能用can。Can/Could you lend me a hand?你能幫我一下嗎？3表示推測，意為“可能”。多用于否定句或疑問句。Can he be in the reading room now?No, he cant be in it.Because I saw him in the office just now.他現在可能在閱覽室嗎？不，他不可能在(閱覽室)。因為我剛剛在辦公室看見他了。4表示理論上或習慣上的可能性，意為“可能會”。Jogging can help you keep fit.慢跑有助于保

8、持身體健康。eq avs4al(二、情態動詞may與might的用法)1表示征求對方的許可或允許(不用might)對方做某事。May I come in? Yes, you may/can.我可以進來嗎？ 是的，你可以進來。(No, you cant.不行，你不能進來。)You may go now.你現在可以走了。2表示推測(把握不大)，意為“可能”，多用于肯定句。might比may可能性更小。He may come, or he may not.他可能來，也可能不來。It may/might rain this afternoon. Youd better take a raincoat

9、with you.今天下午可能會下雨。你最好帶上雨衣。3may用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!祝你成功！4“may/might as well動詞原形”表示“不妨，還不如”。I may/might as well start at once.我還不如馬上就動身。eq avs4al(三、情態動詞must的用法)1表示命令或強烈的建議，意為“必須”。All the students must obey the school rules.所有學生必須遵守校規。2表示十分肯定的推測，意為“一定；準是”。 Betty must be in the next room. I can

10、hear her talking there.貝蒂肯定在隔壁房間。我能聽見她在那兒講話。3表示說話人的一種態度，意為“偏要；硬要；偏偏”。Why must he go out in the bad weather?為什么他偏要在這種壞天氣出門？4must not表示禁止，意思是“不許”“不準”“不可以”等。You mustnt stop your car in the busy street.你不能把車停在繁忙的路上。5回答must問句時，肯定回答多用must; 否定回答多用neednt或dont have to。Must I finish my homework before eight o

11、clock?Yes, you must.(No, you neednt/you dont have to.)我必須要在8點之前完成作業嗎？是的，必須。(不，沒必要。)eq avs4al(四、be able to的用法)be able to意為“能夠，有能力”，不僅有時態、人稱和數的變化，而且還可以與某些情態動詞連用(通常不與 can 連用)，甚至還可以有非謂語形式。Since his accident he hasnt been able to leave the house.自出事之后，他一直未能離開家。You might be able to persuade him.你也許能夠說服他。I

12、 hope to be able to do the work.我希望能干得了這項工作。I regret not being able to help her.我很遺憾未能幫助她。易混辨析：can, be able to表示“能力”時的區別can用于指現在，常表示自身具有的能力be able to用于各種時態，表示經過努力后所具有的能力Babies can swim when they were born.嬰兒們剛生下來時會游泳。(自身具有的能力)Without his hard work, he was not able to get good grades.如果他沒有努力工作，他是不可能取

13、得好成績的。(經過努力)eq avs4al(五、dare的用法)dare既可作情態動詞，也可作實義動詞。1dare作情態動詞時，表示“敢，敢于”，后跟動詞原形，常用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中。此時的dare沒有人稱、數和時態的變化，能單獨構成否定和疑問。例如：Dare you climb that tree?你敢爬那棵樹嗎？He darent go there because it is very dangerous.他不敢去那兒，因為那兒很危險。2dare用作實義動詞時，有時態和人稱的變化，用do, does或did來構成否定句或疑問句。She didnt dare to say a wor

14、d, did she?她一句話也不敢說，是嗎？eq avs4al(六、have to的用法)have to意為“不得不”，有時態、人稱和數的變化，其否定形式為dont/doesnt/didnt have to。Its too late. I have to go home now.天色太晚了，我現在得回家了。You dont have to finish the work now.你沒有必要現在完成這項工作。【點津】have to和must的區別：have to表示一種客觀的需要，而must表示一種主觀的需要。此外，must還表示“偏要”“非得”的意思。I have to attend an

15、important meeting this afternoon.今天下午我不得不參加一個重要的會議。I must clean the room because there are too dirty.因為太臟了，我必須要打掃房間。eq avs4al(七、had better的用法)had better意為“最好；應該”，后跟動詞原形，常用來提出建議，或表示迫切的希望、警告等，語氣較強。其中動詞had沒有人稱或數的變化。had better的簡略式為：d better，否定式為：had better not。Shed better get here soon or shell miss the

16、 opening ceremony.她最好快點到這兒來，否則她會錯過開幕式的。They had better not be late.他們最好不要遲到。eq avs4al(八、need的用法)1作情態動詞(1)need作情態動詞時，常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中，意為“必須”或“需要”。Need I finish the work today?Yes, you must. /No, you neednt.我需要今天干完這項工作嗎？是的，必須干完。/不用，你不必干完。(2)neednt 意為“不必”，表示客觀上不必如何。Theres plenty of time.You neednt drive

17、 so fast.時間很充足，你不必開這么快。2作實義動詞need作實義動詞時，后可接名詞、動名詞、不定式等，有人稱、時態和數的變化。The bike needs repairing.The bike needs to be repaired.這輛自行車需要修理。過去將來時過去將來時表示在過去某一時間將要發生的動作或存在的狀態。過去將來時常用在主句謂語動詞為過去時態的賓語從句中。過去將來時句子中有時包含時間狀語the next day，soon等。觀察例句1I was about to get the letter.2They said the letter inside would expl

18、ain what it was all about.3The director said he would meet the famous actor the next day.4They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.歸納1過去將來時的基本構成和用法過去將來時由“would動詞原形”構成，主要表示從過去某一時間來看將要發生的動作(尤其用于賓語從句中)，還可以表示過去的動作習慣或傾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 oclock.She said that she wouldnt do that again.2表示過去將來時的其他表達法(1)was/were going to動詞原形：該結構有兩個主要用法，一是表示過去的打算，二是表示在過去看來有跡象表明將要發生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to動詞原形：主要表示過去按計劃或安排要做的事情。She said she was